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<mods:title id="28C91E8046D94D898E177CF6558C022F">A review of the genus Pempheris (Teleostei, Pempheridae) found in Japan and Taiwan</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="6D435990485CDC83A5E09774396B5E14">Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903 - 0213, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4A2B631CE24ED9BBF0B6D086FC884FAB">Bessho-Uehara, Manabu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="52D74A3A30EA4E8C53B3A5B2B77213EE">The Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="3837100600B1971A660D8F80736B95DC" ID-CoL="76G3W" authority="Tominaga, 1963" authorityName="sensu Tominaga" authorityYear="1963" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthoptera">
<emphasis id="4C331D18806E6CA2F184069F11B91892" italics="true">Pempheris xanthoptera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B40D77258BA029CDE746F68C5E60C60B" author="Tominaga Y" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Science, the University of Tokyo" pagination="269-290" refId="B128" refString="Tominaga Y (1963) A revision of the fishes of the family Pempheridae of Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science, the University of Tokyo 10: 269 - 290." title="A revision of the fishes of the family Pempheridae of Japan." volume="10" year="1963">Tominaga, 1963</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="5F13ADF9A0E7DC8C8CEEF52802DA1F20">
<figureCitation id="9D9DAE13D2DF1591F062641D3CE973AF" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Pempheris schwenkii (diamonds) and P. xanthoptera (solid triangles and star for type locality) based on the collection locality of the specimens. Open triangles for literature records of P. xanthoptera." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1220.126762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1192476">Figs 13</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6AE61580E01B74BC93893C9485879327" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Fresh specimen of Pempheris xanthoptera, KBF-I 00268, 123.0 mm SL, Amaji, Otsuki, Kochi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1220.126762.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1192480">17</figureCitation>
<xref id="BE528882D743EDA39ADEE4B92CF8AD9A" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S2">, Suppl. material 2 New standard Japanese name: Mizuho-hatampo</xref>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A9FB7DFFD3B9A68E77F4D8A22EAAD28B" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="C83468C91856255D26FD8DDA9F52E764">
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<treatmentCitation id="27D2DA1C843B489EDDA047672DDEEC25" author="Tominaga Y" page="286" year="1963">
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<emphasis id="A45471938D48DEAEF74D9FFA942863DD" italics="true">Pempheris xanthoptera</emphasis>
<comment id="EE41B51CFA441EC93341755EF5F9DA5A">
<bibRefCitation id="4BEDF981C5B36F86780926E70DFAFBAB" author="Tominaga Y" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Science, the University of Tokyo" pagination="269-290" refId="B128" refString="Tominaga Y (1963) A revision of the fishes of the family Pempheridae of Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science, the University of Tokyo 10: 269 - 290." title="A revision of the fishes of the family Pempheridae of Japan." volume="10" year="1963">Tominaga, 1963: 286</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 12 (type locality: Manazuri,
<collectingRegion id="282DADE2223E61442896AE778BC48C35" country="Japan" name="Kanagawa">Kanagawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="75DE195B95C9630AD34FBB4D654B6652" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="98062C04768D4557564CC0B64A92C4CA" author="Hiyama Y &amp; Yasuda T" page="204" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="F50DB08A044B45469DB872594C1ED280" author="Hiyama Y &amp; Yasuda T" firstAuthor="Hiyama" journalOrPublisher="Kodansha, Tokyo" page="204" refId="B26" refString="Hiyama Y, Yasuda T (1971) Living fishes of the Japanese coastal waters. Kodansha, Tokyo, 337 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Living fishes of the Japanese coastal waters." year="1971">Hiyama and Yasuda 1971: 204</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 440;
<treatmentCitation id="56A879E89B5B66DB4C7D2A84B1244568" author="Masuda H &amp; Araga C &amp; Yoshino T" page="199" year="1975">
<bibRefCitation id="BCF55A024D480DA1A80ADFEE702A11D8" author="Masuda H &amp; Araga C &amp; Yoshino T" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Masuda" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Tokyo" page="199" refId="B72" refString="Masuda H, Araga C, Yoshino T (1975) Coastal fishes of southern Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 379 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Coastal fishes of southern Japan." year="1975">Masuda et al. 1975: 199</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 33 - C;
<treatmentCitation id="0CD9BBE69E05E601A4E5603035A3719D" author="Hayashi Y" page="160" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="36E7C424C7C3CDDA7597864C96582396" author="Hayashi Y" firstAuthor="Hayashi" page="160" refId="B25" refString="Hayashi Y (1984) Pempheridae. In: Masuda H, Amaoka K, Araga C, Uyeno T, Yoshino T (Eds) The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 160161 [pls 151, 350]. [In Japanese]" year="1984">Hayashi 1984: 160</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 151 - D;
<treatmentCitation id="FB7FBBB7239B5EC53B7D1F6D89118B10" author="Kohno H" page="135" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="3682C872899B96BEEEBD386F98371149" DOI="10.1007/BF02905841" author="Kohno H" firstAuthor="Kohno" journalOrPublisher="Japanese Journal of Ichthyology" page="135" pagination="135-144" refId="B67" refString="Kohno H (1986) Larvae and juveniles of pempherid fishes, Pempheris xanthoptera and P. japonica. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology 33: 135144. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02905841" title="Larvae and juveniles of pempherid fishes, Pempheris xanthoptera and P. japonica." volume="33" year="1986">Kohno 1986: 135</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 1;
<treatmentCitation id="2BADF5CFFEA3BD5C9A55C4CF69DE23A6" author="Randall JE &amp; Ida H &amp; Kato K &amp; Pyle RL &amp; Earle JL" page="35" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="A888215E3965863025F110ED0324E574" author="Randall JE &amp; Ida H &amp; Kato K &amp; Pyle RL &amp; Earle JL" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Randall" journalOrPublisher="National Museum of Nature and Science Monographs" page="35" pagination="1-74" refId="B99" refString="Randall JE, Ida H, Kato K, Pyle RL, Earle JL (1997) Annotated checklist of the inshore fishes of the Ogasawara Islands. National Museum of Nature and Science Monographs 11: 174." title="Annotated checklist of the inshore fishes of the Ogasawara Islands." volume="11" year="1997">Randall et al. 1997: 35</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="668C04536768CE7DB5637E5F0D47DFDB" author="Koeda K &amp; Aizawa M &amp; Sakamoto K &amp; Ueshima R" page="11" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="146462BB930D4A06933614E5E2934C91" author="Koeda K &amp; Aizawa M &amp; Sakamoto K &amp; Ueshima R" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Koeda" journalOrPublisher="The University Museum, The University of Tokyo Material Reports" page="11" pagination="1-16" refId="B66" refString="Koeda K, Aizawa M, Sakamoto K, Ueshima R (2022) Report on specimens of the family Pempheridae (Teleostei: Perciformes) deposited in the Department of Zoology, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo. The University Museum, The University of Tokyo Material Reports 128: 116." title="Report on specimens of the family Pempheridae (Teleostei: Perciformes) deposited in the Department of Zoology, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo." volume="128" year="2022">Koeda et al. 2022: 11</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E4DDA2A305D2C42A9092531C7AB182B3">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="6E870D80740FA18E9FC9E38674EDD94F">
<treatmentCitation id="28FC1825C7B0468D29C3572CB9205316">
<taxonomicName id="4E8AB0D834DA47EFEAA3A4D0AB62D911" ID-CoL="76G58" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molucca">
<emphasis id="C26E541BCC2EEF762C28F685A8CFF285" italics="true">Pempheris molucca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(not
<bibRefCitation id="A947A83AC2CCE910D2526B64AEFDF163" DOI="10.5962/bhl.title.1964" author="Cuvier G" refId="B11" refString="Cuvier G (1829) Le Regne Animal, distribue d'apres son organisation, pour servir de base a l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction a l'anatomie comparee. 2 nd edn. Tome 2. Regne Animal. Poissons. Deterville, Paris, [xv +] 406 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1964" year="1829">Cuvier, 1829</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
): Temminck and Schlegel 1844: 85, pl. 44, fig. 3.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9C99BEA1560CF0A8E5101E9AE65DAE18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B505F602D387AFCB1E294D9429AC3386">
<treatmentCitation id="227A8D8EBDC685D75811A9A1C53A9E1F">
<taxonomicName id="D60DCFD5F4548DF5BEF87C46C4A84BE7" ID-CoL="76FTG" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1831" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oualensis">
<emphasis id="87FC1E35BBD142F29306357F00FA8A58" italics="true">Pempheris oualensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="8377D608A6870CCC7AD99DCA192A41EB">
(not
<bibRefCitation id="AA9F27FB28A962373CD3F942FF9DDA0C" author="Cuvier G" refId="B12" refString="Cuvier G (1831) Des Pempherides. In: Cuvier G, Valenciennes A (Eds) Historie Naturelle des Poissons, Vol. 7. F. G. Levraut, Paris-Strasbourg, [xx - xxi +] 296 - 309 [191 pls]." year="1831">Cuvier, 1831</bibRefCitation>
):
<treatmentCitation id="EF7121939DE1CB5B5323E91C92927729" author="Mochizuki K" page="389" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="7C705B0CB2025423CE1F98B37C781F85" author="Mochizuki K" editor="Konishi H" firstAuthor="Mochizuki" journalOrPublisher="Weekly Sunday Fishing Co. Ltd, Osaka" page="389" pagination="389-389" refId="B76" refString="Mochizuki K (1995) Pempheridae. In: Konishi H (Ed.) Fishes-new color guide for sportfishermen. Weekly Sunday Fishing Co. Ltd, Osaka, 389389." title="Pempheridae." volumeTitle="Fishes-new color guide for sportfishermen." year="1995">Mochizuki 1995: 389</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered fig. (in part).
</comment>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="02722256D81FDD88A4BD182F7CEDDEFA">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AC218B4C63A19956493286E0F23AA97D">
<treatmentCitation id="ED1163334DADE0CB5E7D92BEC517B103">
<taxonomicName id="E5BF8877F491CFF6A40A13E86E6892E6" ID-CoL="76FRP" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1855" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schwenkii">
<emphasis id="BDA050C826E36E3B75F7F863BF8D56FF" italics="true">Pempheris schwenkii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="18C2403F0DFAE5216CA3FD2E3B44A796">
(not
<bibRefCitation id="FB12B6DA45BDB333970A6A9CA8A23557" author="Bleeker P" journalOrPublisher="Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indië" pagination="305-328" refId="B4" refString="Bleeker P (1855) Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van de Batoe Eilanden. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie 8: 305 - 328." title="Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van de Batoe Eilanden." volume="8" year="1855">Bleeker, 1855</bibRefCitation>
):
<treatmentCitation id="B624421341B9F38C67FA85B45D6E825F" author="Masuda H &amp; Kobayashi Y" page="180" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="673E0AAA0FA108DC3C12EAD1AE60DEE2" author="Masuda H &amp; Kobayashi Y" firstAuthor="Masuda" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Tokyo" page="180" refId="B71" refString="Masuda H, Kobayashi Y (1994) Grand atlas of fish life modes. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 379 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Grand atlas of fish life modes." year="1994">Masuda and Kobayashi 1994: 180</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 6;
<treatmentCitation id="E4CA50FF05F98D64B8311BD74C0154AA" author="Mochizuki K" page="389" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="E89EFDF832F501DF0827AC468DD14BBE" author="Mochizuki K" editor="Konishi H" firstAuthor="Mochizuki" journalOrPublisher="Weekly Sunday Fishing Co. Ltd, Osaka" page="389" pagination="389-389" refId="B76" refString="Mochizuki K (1995) Pempheridae. In: Konishi H (Ed.) Fishes-new color guide for sportfishermen. Weekly Sunday Fishing Co. Ltd, Osaka, 389389." title="Pempheridae." volumeTitle="Fishes-new color guide for sportfishermen." year="1995">Mochizuki 1995: 389</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered fig.;
<treatmentCitation id="D4C30AB49899A4D14FEBECC78EF6A07E">
<bibRefCitation id="1900737A5B6B7C996AA387270DCE16E4" author="Hatooka" editor="Okamura O &amp; Amaoka K" firstAuthor="Hatooka" journalOrPublisher="Yama-kei Publishers co., Ltd., Tokyo" pagination="380-381" refId="B21" refString="Hatooka K (1997) Pempheridae. In: Okamura O, Amaoka K (Eds) Sea fishes of Japan. Yama-kei Publishers co., Ltd., Tokyo, 380381. [In Japanese]" title="Pempheridae." volumeTitle="Sea fishes of Japan." year="1997">Hatooka 1997</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part): 380, unnumbered fig. (p. 381, lower left fig.);
<treatmentCitation id="2F1ECC7A8B1CA0A5D8E1040E45D4FFC4">
<bibRefCitation id="0676C93F2D0BE77F94D1F78E4D477328" author="Hatooka" firstAuthor="Hatooka" refId="B23" refString="Hatooka K (2002) Pempheridae. In: Nakabo T (Ed.) Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, English edition. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 878879, 1562." year="2002">Hatooka 2002</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part): 878;
<treatmentCitation id="48EE157BF3BF5C80ED7E35FD52957A23" author="Takayama M &amp; Onuki A &amp; Yoshino T &amp; Yoshimoto M &amp; Ito H &amp; Kohbara J &amp; Somiya H" page="1317" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="813C0E3C4623E14DBB0A03958324E205" DOI="10.1017/S0025315403008750" author="Takayama M &amp; Onuki A &amp; Yoshino T &amp; Yoshimoto M &amp; Ito H &amp; Kohbara J &amp; Somiya H" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Takayama" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK" page="1317" pagination="1317-1320" refId="B121" refString="Takayama M, Onuki A, Yoshino T, Yoshimoto M, Ito H, Kohbara J, Somiya H (2003) Sound characteristics and the sound producing system in silver sweeper, Pempheris schwenkii (Perciformes: Pempheridae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 83: 13171320. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315403008750" title="Sound characteristics and the sound producing system in silver sweeper, Pempheris schwenkii (Perciformes: Pempheridae)." volume="83" year="2003">Takayama et al. 2003: 1317</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2;
<treatmentCitation id="3EF4C4C20794054E103DBCBDB8505FF3" author="Senou H &amp; Matsuura K &amp; Shinohara G" page="463" year="">
<bibRefCitation id="ECCB21610F7A10B7E1777872423A1B39" author="Senou H &amp; Matsuura K &amp; Shinohara G" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the National Science Museum (Tokyo)" pagination="389-542" refId="B105" refString="Senou H, Matsuura K, Shinohara G (2006 b) Checklist of fishes in the Sagami Sea with zoogeographical comments on shallow water fishes occurring along the coastlines under the influence of Kuroshio Current. Memoirs of the National Science Museum (Tokyo) 41: 389542." title="Checklist of fishes in the Sagami Sea with zoogeographical comments on shallow water fishes occurring along the coastlines under the influence of Kuroshio Current." volume="41">Senou et al. 2006 b</bibRefCitation>
: 463
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="262B3BBB622B8F8DB72CCB96DB783909" author="Aramata H" page="172" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="391BFE0AF84739B2846EC2AC0EC7223E" author="Aramata H" firstAuthor="Aramata" journalOrPublisher="Shinshokan, Tokyo" page="172" refId="B3" refString="Aramata H (2007) The Aramata atlas of wonder fishes. Shinshokan, Tokyo, 390 pp. [In Japanese]" title="The Aramata atlas of wonder fishes." year="2007">Aramata 2007: 172</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered figs;
<treatmentCitation id="84E2346C251BEE35B5201316FD169DED">
<bibRefCitation id="621785393B2936E024DB275B002D6C7F" author="Yoshino" firstAuthor="Yoshino" journalOrPublisher=", LTD, Tokyo" refId="B138" refString="Yoshino Y (2008) Marine fishes of Japan. Yama-kei Publishers co., LTD, Tokyo, 543 pp." title="Marine fishes of Japan. Yama-kei Publishers co." year="2008">Yoshino 2008</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part): 211;
<treatmentCitation id="3118D19C5E8094352041154717FADC81" author="Takagi M &amp; Hirata T &amp; Hirata S &amp; Nakata C" page="69" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="DC225D7DEC6364851B14CC5DBC26319D" author="Takagi M &amp; Hirata T &amp; Hirata S &amp; Nakata C" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Takagi" journalOrPublisher="Soufusha shuppan, Matsuyama" page="69" refId="B119" refString="Takagi M, Hirata T, Hirata S, Nakata C (2010) Fishes of Ainan Ehime. Soufusha shuppan, Matsuyama, 250 pp." title="Fishes of Ainan Ehime." year="2010">Takagi et al. 2010: 69</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered figs;
<treatmentCitation id="C624F6E929D1C0000FE8653CE5357E28" author="Kohno H &amp; Konou K &amp; Tokoo T" page="208" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="887FA978935A283916803C2C7F3C6804" author="Kohno H &amp; Konou K &amp; Tokoo T" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kohno" journalOrPublisher="Heibonsha, Tokyo" page="208" refId="B68" refString="Kohno H, Konou K, Tokoo T (2011) A photographic guide to the fishes in Tokyo Bay. Heibonsha, Tokyo, 374 pp. [In Japanese]" title="A photographic guide to the fishes in Tokyo Bay." year="2011">Kohno et al. 2011: 208</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered fig.; Senou et al. 2012: 212;
<treatmentCitation id="1E346B0E90FB3E3FAB21BD03ADA1EEE1">
<bibRefCitation id="9E5EEA614CC0B6DDF66862D2EAA7DA2B" author="Hatooka and Yagishita" editor="Nakabo T" firstAuthor="Hatooka" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 983-984" pagination="2020-2021" refId="B24" refString="Hatooka K, Yagishita N (2013) Pempheridae. In: Nakabo T (Ed.) Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, 3 rd edn. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 983984, 20202021. [In Japanese]" title="Pempheridae." volumeTitle="Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species, 3 rd edn." year="2013">Hatooka and Yagishita 2013</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part): 984;
<treatmentCitation id="F3288CD31355B1634C782327984C5EC3" author="Koeda K &amp; Yoshino T &amp; Tachihara K" page="237" year="">
<bibRefCitation id="AA9B7BC6892250A2D6A3F0A0843C8F21" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3609.2.9" author="Koeda K &amp; Yoshino T &amp; Tachihara K" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="231-238" refId="B58" refString="Koeda K, Yoshino T, Tachihara K (2013 a) Pempheris ufuagari sp. nov., a new species in the genus Pempheris (Perciformes, Pempheridae) from the oceanic islands of Japan. Zootaxa 3609: 231238. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3609.2.9" title="Pempheris ufuagari sp. nov., a new species in the genus Pempheris (Perciformes, Pempheridae) from the oceanic islands of Japan." volume="3609">Koeda et al. 2013 a</bibRefCitation>
: 237
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="659A7153B83AB035018081960F7FA625">
<bibRefCitation id="200233F3FFC89787CFBC1A6596EDFE6F" author="Motomura" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Motomura" journalOrPublisher="The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima and the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba" refId="B84" refString="Motomura H, Dewa S, Furuta K, Matsuura K (2013) Fishes of Iou-jima and Take-shima islands, Mishima, Kagoshima, Japan. The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima and the National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, 390 pp." title="Fishes of Iou-jima and Take-shima islands, Mishima, Kagoshima, Japan." year="2013">Motomura et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part): 168, unnumbered fig.;
<treatmentCitation id="307B728BB5BC556013190706D06895DD" author="Kawano M &amp; Doi H &amp; Hori S" page="48" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="6CB3112149F120CA835F8F5E337B5EE7" author="Kawano M &amp; Doi H &amp; Hori S" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kawano" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Yamaguchi Prefecture Fisheries Research Center" page="48" pagination="1-30" refId="B37" refString="Kawano M, Doi H, Hori S (2014) List of the fishes in the southwestern Japan Sea off Yamaguchi Prefecture. Bulletin of Yamaguchi Prefecture Fisheries Research Center 11: 130. [In Japanese with English abstract]" title="List of the fishes in the southwestern Japan Sea off Yamaguchi Prefecture." volume="11" year="2014">Kawano et al. 2014: 48</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="472CEB42BAA88A0F2726EAADE54ED5C8" author="Koeda K &amp; Yoshino T &amp; Imai H &amp; Tachihara K" page="327" year="2014">
<bibRefCitation id="0B3549B606B97A1BB15BD7DD54326260" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3793.3.1" author="Koeda K &amp; Yoshino T &amp; Imai H &amp; Tachihara K" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Koeda" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" page="327" pagination="301-330" refId="B61" refString="Koeda K, Yoshino T, Imai H, Tachihara K (2014) A review of the genus Pempheris (Perciformes, Pempheridae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 3793: 301330. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3793.3.1" title="A review of the genus Pempheris (Perciformes, Pempheridae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species." volume="3793" year="2014">Koeda et al. 2014: 327</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="B1EE462E652F2020AD3FC2B2E611D62C" author="Ikeda H &amp; Nakabo T" page="160" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="1FC7D31E2853A2854B0D0C9E5D451736" author="Ikeda H &amp; Nakabo T" firstAuthor="Ikeda" journalOrPublisher="Tokai University Press, Hadano" page="160" refId="B29" refString="Ikeda H, Nakabo T (2015) Fishes of the Pacific coasts of southern Japan. Tokai University Press, Hadano, 597 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Fishes of the Pacific coasts of southern Japan." year="2015">Ikeda and Nakabo 2015: 160</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 13;
<treatmentCitation id="CFEE1EC256339CFFA34C7162444CD7BB" author="Takeuchi N &amp; Senou H &amp; Seino H" page="8" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="5F56352EAD89B0B4224530751417F497" author="Takeuchi N &amp; Senou H &amp; Seino H" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Takeuchi" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan" page="8" pagination="1-11" refId="B123" refString="Takeuchi N, Senou H, Seino H (2015) Fish fauna of Tsushima Island, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan - researches from 1948 to 2015. Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan 70: 111." title="Fish fauna of Tsushima Island, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan - researches from 1948 to 2015." volume="70" year="2015">Takeuchi et al. 2015: 8</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Iwatsubo et al. 2016: 22, unnumbered figs;
<treatmentCitation id="612A76DC50B71228E8AE1D25D1FCB23D" author="Kaburagi K" page="98" year="2016">
<bibRefCitation id="7B0C7DF5E6E402A843B34BF647D893D9" author="Kaburagi K" firstAuthor="Kaburagi" journalOrPublisher="Tamashidasha, Nishinoomote" page="98" refId="B34" refString="Kaburagi K (2016) Field guide to fishes of Tanega-shima Island collected by line and hook. Tamashidasha, Nishinoomote, 158 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Field guide to fishes of Tanega-shima Island collected by line and hook." year="2016">Kaburagi 2016: 98</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, lower fig. (without scientific name; indicated as “ Minami-hatampo ”);
<treatmentCitation id="C05A348C80A0A641D3AF6DD0267F60E0">
<bibRefCitation id="5B2B0C476DD4621D3C337DB16D1F411F" author="Kimura" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Kimura" journalOrPublisher="The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima" refId="B39" refString="Kimura Y, Hibino Y, Miki R, Minetoma T, Koeda K (2017) Field guide to fishes of Kuchinoerabu-jima Island in the Osumi Group, Kagoshima, southern Japan. The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima, 200 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Field guide to fishes of Kuchinoerabu-jima Island in the Osumi Group, Kagoshima, southern Japan." year="2017">Kimura et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part): 120, fig. 2;
<treatmentCitation id="2EF34D1BCBCE1B3AD5C9BE77CA9165E2" author="Koeda K" page="9" year="">
<bibRefCitation id="A477FC404B9D44E92E82DF0AE172F0E0" author="Koeda K" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan" pagination="1-13" refId="B41" refString="Koeda K (2017 a) Fishes of family Pempheridae (Teleostei: Perciformes) of the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Bulletin of the Biogeographical Society of Japan 71: 113. [In Japanese with English abstract]" title="Fishes of family Pempheridae (Teleostei: Perciformes) of the Ogasawara Islands, Japan." volume="71">Koeda 2017 a</bibRefCitation>
: 9
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 2 (middle);
<treatmentCitation id="BDA71D164187763D27F3D65B08434815" author="Koeda K" page="190" year="">
<bibRefCitation id="E1093ECA404E8865A5B5FF68190F9753" author="Koeda K" editor="Iwatsubo H &amp; Motomura H" journalOrPublisher="Kagoshima Museum of Aquatic Biodiversity, Kagoshima and the Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima" pagination="189-190" refId="B42" refString="Koeda K (2017 b) Pempheridae. In: Iwatsubo H, Motomura H (Eds) Field guide to fishes of Kagoshima Bay in southern Kyushu, Japan. Kagoshima Museum of Aquatic Biodiversity, Kagoshima and the Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima, 189190. [In Japanese]" title="Pempheridae." volumeTitle="Field guide to fishes of Kagoshima Bay in southern Kyushu, Japan.">Koeda 2017 b</bibRefCitation>
: 190
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered fig.;
<treatmentCitation id="306D8EBBF8B057855934127FA149BDA5">
<bibRefCitation id="35E5C1164145375A98C0C1F5AD88EC2A" DOI="10.1007/s10228-017-0586-3" author="Koeda K &amp; Motomura H" refId="B52" refString="Koeda K, Motomura H (2017 a) A new species of Pempheris (Perciformes: Pempheridae) endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. Ichthyological Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-017-0586-3 [also appeared in Ichthyological Research 65: 2128]">Koeda and Motomura 2017 a</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="DC77817F74E9D8EF52C505AB2EFE9C3E" author="" page="210" year="2018">
<bibRefCitation id="1ACC00C0664F98570E7094800DC71BAF" journalOrPublisher="Kagoshima City Aquarium Foundation, Kagoshima" refId="B35" refString="Kagoshima City Aquarium Foundation (2018) Fishes collected with set nets in Kagoshima and confirmed by Kagoshima City Aquarium, 2 nd edn. Kagoshima City Aquarium Foundation, Kagoshima, 335 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Fishes collected with set nets in Kagoshima and confirmed by Kagoshima City Aquarium, 2 nd edn." year="2018">
<collectingRegion id="C1CAA0D485CBA69CF81F0DB72E3C7F0E" country="Japan" name="Kagoshima">Kagoshima</collectingRegion>
City Aquarium Foundation 2018
</bibRefCitation>
: 210
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered fig.;
<treatmentCitation id="1B704355B5812684DCEBC8B1E06AB664" author="Koeda K" page="298" year="">
<bibRefCitation id="D338735F8DAFC8145A6383E4F628340E" author="Koeda K" editor="Nakabo T" journalOrPublisher="Shogakukan, Tokyo" pagination="298-299" refId="B44" refString="Koeda K (2018 b) Pempheridae. In: Nakabo T (Ed.) The natural history of the fishes of Japan. Shogakukan, Tokyo, 298299. [In Japanese]" title="Pempheridae." volumeTitle="The natural history of the fishes of Japan.">Koeda 2018 b</bibRefCitation>
: 298
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered fig. (lower left fig.);
<treatmentCitation id="B016A26F9CEBEFC77D2B8440F95CBBF3" author="Koeda K" page="343" year="">
<bibRefCitation id="73E7CBD20421713DEE4F83FD68C855A7" author="Koeda K" editor="Koeda K &amp; Hata H &amp; Yamada M &amp; Motomura H" journalOrPublisher="The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima" pagination="339-343" refId="B45" refString="Koeda K (2018 c) Pempheridae. In: Koeda K, Hata H, Yamada M, Motomura H (Eds) Field guide to fishes landed at Uchinoura Fishing Port, Kagoshima, Japan. The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima, 339343. [In Japanese]" title="Pempheridae." volumeTitle="Field guide to fishes landed at Uchinoura Fishing Port, Kagoshima, Japan.">Koeda 2018 c</bibRefCitation>
: 343
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered figs;
<treatmentCitation id="6230CE16E7BA9EDFA756674BBCCD3C00" author="Murase A &amp; Miki R &amp; Wada M &amp; Senou H" page="132" year="2019">
<bibRefCitation id="D819251EA7AF6D031D5BED2E4A178471" author="Murase A &amp; Miki R &amp; Wada M &amp; Senou H" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Murase" journalOrPublisher="Nobeoka Marine Science Station, Field Science Center, University of Miyazaki, Nobeoka" page="132" refId="B87" refString="Murase A, Miki R, Wada M, Senou H (2019) Coastal and market fishes around Kadogawa Bay, northern part of Miyazaki Prefecture, southern Japan. Nobeoka Marine Science Station, Field Science Center, University of Miyazaki, Nobeoka, 207 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Coastal and market fishes around Kadogawa Bay, northern part of Miyazaki Prefecture, southern Japan." year="2019">Murase et al. 2019: 132</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 284;
<treatmentCitation id="2D40E53CCDE3D47F1AABC0596D3DDBE5" author="Koeda K" page="407" year="">
<bibRefCitation id="9813F7AFC728BE94AC9491EC1BE8CC1A" author="Koeda K" editor="Koeda K &amp; Hata H &amp; Yamada M &amp; Motomura H" journalOrPublisher="The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima" pagination="406-411" refId="B48" refString="Koeda K (2020 a) Pempheridae. In: Koeda K, Hata H, Yamada M, Motomura H (Eds) Fishes from markets in Osumi Peninsula, Kagoshima, Japan. The Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima, 406411. [In Japanese]" title="Pempheridae." volumeTitle="Fishes from markets in Osumi Peninsula, Kagoshima, Japan.">Koeda 2020 a</bibRefCitation>
: 407
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered figs;
<treatmentCitation id="CC4F11F5F3ACE75AB561D678B3C0D14B" author="Murase A &amp; Ogata Y &amp; Yamasaki Y &amp; Miki R &amp; Wada M &amp; Senou H" page="166" year="2021">
<bibRefCitation id="D53977430962666506E9682D30B0C9EF" author="Murase A &amp; Ogata Y &amp; Yamasaki Y &amp; Miki R &amp; Wada M &amp; Senou H" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Murase" journalOrPublisher="Nobeoka Marine Science Station, Field Science Center, University of Miyazaki, Nobeoka" page="166" refId="B88" refString="Murase A, Ogata Y, Yamasaki Y, Miki R, Wada M, Senou H (2021) Coastal, shelf and deep-sea fishes around Kadogawa Bay, northern part of Miyazaki Prefecture, southern Japan. Nobeoka Marine Science Station, Field Science Center, University of Miyazaki, Nobeoka, 357 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Coastal, shelf and deep-sea fishes around Kadogawa Bay, northern part of Miyazaki Prefecture, southern Japan." year="2021">Murase et al. 2021: 166</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 340;
<treatmentCitation id="C7E6F5936B3163AAB6F81E4BE0893D9E" author="Koeda K" page="158" year="2022">
<bibRefCitation id="5D31AAABF8E9946F3289357557C0E5C3" author="Koeda K" editor="Iwatsubo H &amp; Ito M &amp; Yamada M &amp; Motomura H" firstAuthor="Koeda" journalOrPublisher="Kagoshima Museum of Aquatic Biodiversity, Kagoshima and the Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima" page="158" pagination="158-158" refId="B50" refString="Koeda K (2022) Family Pempheridae. In: Iwatsubo H, Ito M, Yamada M, Motomura H (Eds) Field guide to fishes of the East China Sea side of Satsuma Peninsula in Kagoshima, southern Kyushu, Japan. Kagoshima Museum of Aquatic Biodiversity, Kagoshima and the Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshima, 158158." title="Family Pempheridae." volumeTitle="Field guide to fishes of the East China Sea side of Satsuma Peninsula in Kagoshima, southern Kyushu, Japan." year="2022">Koeda 2022: 158</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, unnumbered fig.;
<treatmentCitation id="5CDD46AFFB356936A6D6D48FA311CFB6" author="Motomura H" page="129" year="2023">
<bibRefCitation id="50F190EE9CD57C34686765E3706CE736" author="Motomura H" firstAuthor="Motomura" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Kagoshima University Museum" page="129" pagination="1-250" refId="B80" refString="Motomura H (2023) An annotated checklist of marine and freshwater fishes of Tanega-shima amd Mage-shima islands in the Osumi Islands, Kagoshima, southern Japan, with 536 new records. Bulletin of the Kagoshima University Museum 20: 1250." title="An annotated checklist of marine and freshwater fishes of Tanega-shima amd Mage-shima islands in the Osumi Islands, Kagoshima, southern Japan, with 536 new records." volume="20" year="2023">Motomura 2023: 129</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part).
</comment>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63D36E7B12C79345CC95DD0ED11A6E5F">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="55E79DF408B821552374A54C8E2E7197">
<treatmentCitation id="7A4A23E9BBF50B3147B2CA5AA8D0DC0A">
<taxonomicName id="5739E127934232BD78BF3D483D2086DE" ID-CoL="76G3V" authorityName="Cuvier" authorityYear="1831" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vanicolensis">
<emphasis id="B4872CF5D54EE5D00512B3112A65CE93" italics="true">Pempheris vanicolensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<comment id="A0AFD9BE55532AD536F9248F134E1EAE">
(not
<bibRefCitation id="117F3C3A0A0FB06625FD686AC3F47B37" author="Cuvier G" refId="B12" refString="Cuvier G (1831) Des Pempherides. In: Cuvier G, Valenciennes A (Eds) Historie Naturelle des Poissons, Vol. 7. F. G. Levraut, Paris-Strasbourg, [xx - xxi +] 296 - 309 [191 pls]." year="1831">Cuvier, 1831</bibRefCitation>
):
<treatmentCitation id="4BB3F3E3A86124082DBD316511D8AC6D" author="Okada Y" page="179" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="1F1B49C0A7B45CF0E2E79C443F9A703D" author="Okada Y" firstAuthor="Okada" page="179" refId="B93" refString="Okada Y (1938) A catalogue of vertebrates of Japan. Maruzen, Co. Ltd, Tokyo, [iv +] 412 pp." year="1938">Okada 1938: 179</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part);
<treatmentCitation id="84F5572B6A19EC3776133719230D7E50" author="Okada Y &amp; Matsubara K" page="179" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation id="5184C2851BB0D0A8C3E2309EEE8DC60D" author="Okada Y &amp; Matsubara K" firstAuthor="Okada" page="179" refId="B94" refString="Okada Y, Matsubara K (1938) Key to the fishes and fish-like animals of Japan. Sanseido, Tokyo." year="1938">Okada and Matsubara 1938: 179</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part);
<treatmentCitation id="78A0A042F5EB9361C44860F64B8521CA" author="Matsubara K" page="590" year="1955">
<bibRefCitation id="F9047D6C43808E7B5C2B101F7520CF08" author="Matsubara K" firstAuthor="Matsubara" journalOrPublisher="Ishizaki-shoten, Tokyo" page="590" refId="B73" refString="Matsubara K (1955) Fish morphology and hierarchy. Ishizaki-shoten, Tokyo, 789 pp. [In Japanese]" title="Fish morphology and hierarchy." year="1955">Matsubara 1955: 590</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in part);
<treatmentCitation id="F2A82A2C5B05BFB97B4F0FEDC2D5C837" author="Abekawa Y &amp; Nishi G" page="24" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="0337A757C06BA7FE03DDDC6AFC510903" author="Abekawa Y &amp; Nishi G" firstAuthor="Abekawa" journalOrPublisher="KYANOΣ OIKΣ" page="24" pagination="23-27" refId="B1" refString="Abekawa Y, Nishi G (1969) Fish fauna of Hanaze, Ibusuki-gun, Kagoshima Prefecture. KYANOΣ OIKΣ 13: 2327. [In Japanese]" title="Fish fauna of Hanaze, Ibusuki-gun, Kagoshima Prefecture." volume="13" year="1969">Abekawa and Nishi 1969: 24</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</comment>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9FC573D5ECEF1B5101C044FDDA15BB5">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7D07FC9CBDFC3335B740EAA96DA4970E">
<treatmentCitation id="9DAD3037A0B2C1B01FF558959FBE2535">
<taxonomicName id="35C44698C8F9B68E2B06D602ECDE72AC" ID-CoL="76G53" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="9A27376F26B06DD33657C4C27D92679F" italics="true">Pempheris japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(not
<bibRefCitation id="D0E4C0E9B837CCD9278DEA485688EA52" author="Döderlein L" editor="Steindachner F &amp; Döderlein L" journalOrPublisher="). Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe 20 (15)" pagination="123-130" refId="B13" refString="Doderlein L (1883) Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Sitzung der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen classe vom 14. Juni 1883. In: Steindachner F, Doderlein L (Eds) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Fische Japan's (II.). Anzeiger der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe 20 (15), 123 - 130." title="Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Sitzung der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen classe vom 14. Juni 1883." volumeTitle="Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Fische Japans (II." year="1883">Döderlein, 1883</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
): Nakamura 1993: 148, fig. 6.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJ2CI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6B31E04BE5400A98CD49F18CE6C5790E">
<heading id="DEB57F95429D463926736F7B0EACEFA2" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="295C930A6BE21E42D64DA763EBDFE087">
Counts of of
<typeStatus id="43193DC826637C31C8DDEBA6E29B20F6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="3005BD530360171058ED526592734C8B" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
are given in Table
<tableCitation id="9FCE6B275F96DAFC5FB35B9D912A0814" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Counts of Pempheris schwenkii and P. xanthoptera." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0D1BE7BF4D3962627CF47C653C54CF4F" tableUuid="0D1BE7BF4D3962627CF47C653C54CF4F">2</tableCitation>
. Dorsal-fin rays
<collectionCode id="AF4312327A2B98C0E04EFA896CAC71DB" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute">VI</collectionCode>
VII, 9; anal-fin rays III, 3542; pectoral-fin rays 1619; pored lateral-line scales 4554; scale rows above lateral line 3 1 / 2; scale rows below lateral line 1013; predorsal scales 2328; circumpeduncular scales 1214; gill rakers 79 + 18 21 = 2527; head length 27.931.9 %; body depth 39.345.4 %; eye diameter 36.444.1 %; upper jaw length 48.357.1 %; maximum
<quantity id="5D46EBF1555DEBE7082DEF9CD715D4E6" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" unit="mm" value="137.0">137 mm</quantity>
SL; scales weakly ctenoid, very deciduous, thin, semicircular in shape, far wider than long (see
<bibRefCitation id="1539A2A2358E68EE4D6CB1D571AAC2E5" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3609.2.9" author="Koeda K &amp; Yoshino T &amp; Tachihara K" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="231-238" refId="B58" refString="Koeda K, Yoshino T, Tachihara K (2013 a) Pempheris ufuagari sp. nov., a new species in the genus Pempheris (Perciformes, Pempheridae) from the oceanic islands of Japan. Zootaxa 3609: 231238. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3609.2.9" title="Pempheris ufuagari sp. nov., a new species in the genus Pempheris (Perciformes, Pempheridae) from the oceanic islands of Japan." volume="3609">Koeda et al. 2013 a</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2 a); body golden in daytime, but silver in night time; no blackish blotch on; tip of dorsal fin distinctly blackish; anal-fin base zonal blackish, and margin very faintly blackish; caudal fin yellow (disappears in fixed specimens); pectoral and pelvic fin hyaline or pink; posterior margin of caudal fin dusky; body light brown to dark brown in fixed specimen; black pigmentation on each fins usually persistent; no blackish blotch on pectoral-fin base; posterior nostril usually open, not compressed; narrow band of villiform teeth in jaws; abdomen cross-sectional outline V-shaped.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A47BD2EA1E680BC9E528B1A8378704FF" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1220.126762.figure17" ID-arpha="5D43F23B-06A2-54EC-861E-043090D6B483" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1192480" startId="F17">
<paragraph id="BFA6411D7F4C3A871F76982040181241">
<label id="7602F2691A80E4BC5FBC4B84336D985D">Figure 17.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA28D44CE57F58549234276144BEE364">
Fresh specimen of
<taxonomicName id="8DC0BFBF04FDCCC6FC4C32AC32910710" authorityName="sensu Tominaga" authorityYear="1963" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthoptera">
<emphasis id="5FD97CD3A9257E773D6769DAC8BA5994" italics="true">Pempheris xanthoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, KBF-I 00268, 123.0 mm SL, Amaji, Otsuki, Kochi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EP3CI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B9D3991F1BC388A71DE4AF12F42046AF">
<heading id="020C9354B22AF8467ECC35C3F8631260" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B51AC4F46A66747DF9DA3285710D827">
Endemic to the Northwest Pacific, recorded only from
<collectingCountry id="FB0BBE336EBF9C3E4787628406270506" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="825D7A4AEF736C192F2F29164B9BD0AF" country="South Korea" name="Jeju">Jeju</collectingRegion>
Island in
<collectingCountry id="FD1B3BD9BE1C6BD3D09B01FE716A8FF3" name="South Korea">Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6D55DDBD183341CAD5DB9A632C359A0" author="Kim and Sakai" firstAuthor="Kim" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Korean Journal of Ichthyology" pagination="181-184" refId="B38" refString="Kim B-J, Sakai K (2004) On the occurrence of Pempheris schwenkii (Pempheridae) at Jeju Island: an addition to Korean ichthyofauna. Korean Journal of Ichthyology 16 (2): 181184." title="On the occurrence of Pempheris schwenkii (Pempheridae) at Jeju Island: an addition to Korean ichthyofauna." volume="16" year="2004">Kim and Sakai 2004</bibRefCitation>
), and
<collectingCountry id="0DC60332AE50722E3C1AA369220F2844" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
. In Japanese waters, this species is known from Pacific coast (north to Boso Peninsula in Chiba Prefecture, south to Kagoshima Prefecture), Tsushima Island, East
<collectingCountry id="57A7687B5E9D804B32210F6E88A5737B" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
Sea coast (north to Goto Islands in Nagasaki Prefecture, south to Kagoshima Prefecture), Izu-oshima, Miyake-jima and Hachijo-jima islands in Izu Islands, Chichi-jima, Haha-jima, Ototo-jima islands in Ogasawara Islands, Tanega-shima, Yaku-shima, Kuchinoerabu-jima, Iou-jima and Take-shima islands in northern Ryukyu Archipelago (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F4E8A56A38A5F676C393FA3681DEA3A7" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Pempheris schwenkii (diamonds) and P. xanthoptera (solid triangles and star for type locality) based on the collection locality of the specimens. Open triangles for literature records of P. xanthoptera." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1220.126762.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1192476">13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E43CI" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="92FEC718130968E84EC57EC5637C23B7">
<heading id="94CD463F77741FACD2C677FD3DC6A7B3" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DAB04B8BA723BD6C8D1F86B457237339">
Although
<bibRefCitation id="50AF5C65BED643DC305E6C021BC04E56" author="Tominaga Y" firstAuthor="Tominaga" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Science, the University of Tokyo" pagination="269-290" refId="B128" refString="Tominaga Y (1963) A revision of the fishes of the family Pempheridae of Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science, the University of Tokyo 10: 269290." title="A revision of the fishes of the family Pempheridae of Japan." volume="10" year="1963">Tominaga (1963)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="27692C9996E95378BA82F3BEC3126EE5" authorityName="sensu Tominaga" authorityYear="1963" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthoptera">
<emphasis id="73BC2889DBB3EA99C3142D9B9EFE6948" italics="true">P. xanthoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on its differences in fin color and distributional pattern from
<taxonomicName id="09A8DE778CA31283B3E389F25B56D79B" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1855" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schwenkii">
<emphasis id="373AF7BC0021251D4981F3633F5E4FF0" italics="true">P. schwenkii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the former has been usually considered as a junior synonym of the latter in recent publications in
<collectingCountry id="46C39548426007BDC915499C7A7BC973" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
(see the synonym list) without any discussion. Our genetic analysis revealed apparent differences between these two species with high node support values (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E3B01C0A1D94B3AB24F8047D94D2D575" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. The Maximum-Likelihood (ML) tree of Pempheris species recovered from mitochondria 16 S and COI. Values of the Shimodaira Hasegawa-like approximate likelihood ratio test (SH-aLRT) for the ML tree, bootstrap values (BS) of the NJ tree, and the posterior probability (PP) for the BI tree are indicated at the nodes unless the branch lengths are &lt; 0.01. The museum voucher number of specimens are listed next to the taxon name." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1220.126762.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1192466">3</figureCitation>
). The morphological comparison showed the additional small difference between these two species, such as
<taxonomicName id="A7EA2F381015BA9169928AE74DF5C49D" authorityName="sensu Tominaga" authorityYear="1963" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthoptera">
<emphasis id="A902DBE9B77230C60ACE9E09E461BB20" italics="true">P. xanthoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the posterior nostril usually open, not compressed (vs slit-like; see
<bibRefCitation id="73C2F937C5BAFB9318AEEEF8B139744C" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3793.3.1" author="Koeda" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Koeda" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="301-330" refId="B61" refString="Koeda K, Yoshino T, Imai H, Tachihara K (2014) A review of the genus Pempheris (Perciformes, Pempheridae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 3793: 301330. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3793.3.1" title="A review of the genus Pempheris (Perciformes, Pempheridae) of the Red Sea, with description of a new species." volume="3793" year="2014">Koeda et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8), and caudal fin yellow (vs pink to brown). The validity of
<taxonomicName id="0FB0EC20022C52A12DD27D5241F60C05" authorityName="sensu Tominaga" authorityYear="1963" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthoptera">
<emphasis id="9177073C46C6C7F521436D40AA0FBEE9" italics="true">P. xanthoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was discussed in the remarks of
<taxonomicName id="BF197B8152DC4D04E56A5C306C536EE0" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1855" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schwenkii">
<emphasis id="D541434DABF96C836D935209E800E920" italics="true">P. schwenkii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FDA7F2822A70F6BB17AE7B7F19C9DC16">
The standard Japanese name “ Minami-hatampo ” was used for both species and caused confusion, but this name should be adopted for
<taxonomicName id="A3C9652F1B1E2ADD94B442B90B0E72FB" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1855" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schwenkii">
<emphasis id="27B522775B38606715D501F69A494FC0" italics="true">P. schwenkii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see remarks of
<taxonomicName id="862A4AEE337121275021D1CB159CDC20" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1855" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schwenkii">
<emphasis id="FF77E923D822B6D964F35F179F391E21" italics="true">P. schwenkii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Therefore, a new standard Japanese “ Mizuho-hatampo ” is proposed for
<taxonomicName id="BE2CA5975DD2662CD6839A8BCD343A7A" authorityName="sensu Tominaga" authorityYear="1963" family="Pempheridae" genus="Pempheris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xanthoptera">
<emphasis id="0EF9D3C22C61B519A289AD30E6CD9696" italics="true">P. xanthoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. “ Mizuho ” is an alternative name for
<collectingCountry id="BFE790B5ACE629B83CF9D999706EEA59" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
that frequently appears in ancient Japanese mythology and poetry, and it derives from the fact that the species is primarily distributed across the Japanese mainland.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>