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<mods:title id="1927FD9670693CAE9C248069545B30CB">Revision of the East Mediterranean Orthomus (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichini), with description of Parorthomus gen. n. socotranus sp. n. from Socotra Island and key to the Old World genera of subtribe Euchroina</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="72BE5396CE3C94759D7917E79B3692FD">Wrase, David W.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="B6C5D6526391B77D51A513E1FA2D944D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152054445" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B6C5D6526391B77D51A513E1FA2D944D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B6C5D6526391B77D51A513E1FA2D944D" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<subSubSection id="71D4C7EECB506850A93F580923F3F41C" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="4278CD30326565F60F1F802182CF7EE1" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6806B5E916B033DB686EDFFB2B4C1A5A" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8CC6847796241430A4DC0C6F99EC3C5C" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="D64ABD2D8643ECCDB7F05AC5BF8EA67B" ID-CoL="8MKWX" authority="Mateu, 1955" authorityName="Mateu" authorityYear="1955" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus velocissimus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="velocissimus" subSpecies="akbensis">Orthomus velocissimus akbensis Mateu, 1955</taxonomicName>
Figs 7, 11, 15
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="61B73F7E4F8D6B0AAB78D8C848F71F46" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3593EED2AA25B06560629338EE2E0700" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="9DEE1E56746CBEEEB94F5592A180C76C" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus barbarus subsp. akbensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="barbarus" subSpecies="akbensis">Orthomus barbarus akbensis</taxonomicName>
Mateu, 1955: 57, 74 (type locality: &quot;Akbes, Siria&quot;, patria falsa)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B20F269131A707BF53BC68E2B764D8C" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="7F582ABB2CAD9A91554FBF1237497E08" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Feronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Feronia hesperica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hesperica">Feronia hesperica</taxonomicName>
? Motschulsky, 1849: 73 (type locality: &quot;le midi de
<normalizedToken id="6742D6358764C68EB8F023BFF2079C45" originalValue="l’Espagne”">l'Espagne&quot;</normalizedToken>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="170DC51EC2D297B3A18784D49222C8E8" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="17283F32B8C808CD759B2A4901D163E3" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus barbarus subsp. expansus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="barbarus" subSpecies="expansus">Orthomus barbarus expansus</taxonomicName>
form. transiens Mateu, 1957: 99, unavailable
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="65E0D3DFEBAAFBA9CB1110ED77FBF846" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="134A51A841B8E380758CCADFA6B7D16A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus barbarus subsp. expansus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="barbarus" subSpecies="expansus">Orthomus barbarus expansus</taxonomicName>
form. malacensis Mateu, 1957: 99, unavailable
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="169F66D1559110988643D8D03BA2D8BD" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="25318052A25E93FECBBC01424665EC69" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus barbarus subsp. andalusiacus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="barbarus" subSpecies="andalusiacus">Orthomus barbarus andalusiacus</taxonomicName>
Mateu, 1957: 103 (type locality: &quot;Prov. de
<normalizedToken id="41A4B1DA4A674121825D1D5161805CBF" originalValue="Málaga">Malaga</normalizedToken>
: Gobantes&quot;), syn. n.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="781B98AB55F6BC4FE2AA3E248FB55D80" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="959F93812DF098938D0D7DBAE5BCA2C9" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus expansus subsp. malacensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="expansus" subSpecies="malacensis">Orthomus expansus malacensis</taxonomicName>
Jeanne, 1981: 45 (type locality:
<normalizedToken id="6B91657049C3B871F1E10D3930A89A91" originalValue="“Málaga”">&quot;Malaga&quot;</normalizedToken>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7339031104AE2E314480B3DCA3008D19" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="type material">
<paragraph id="856D747FF35D4EF53CB8F889F4BB8A45" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="923D9FEC2DE23C294B3CB0CDA5A1C3A5" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="5B5D196AFDC083C46951FEFF72292529" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus barbarus subsp. akbensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="barbarus" subSpecies="akbensis">Orthomus barbarus akbensis</taxonomicName>
Mateu, 1955. Holotype ♂ (IRSNB):
<normalizedToken id="74FF024877E021C3EEAB36BFF0906BB6" originalValue="“Holotypo”">&quot;Holotypo&quot;</normalizedToken>
[print on red label], &quot;Syrie Akbes&quot; [print on white label], &quot;
<taxonomicName id="75145FC280F4C4AAC515F74C2B359A0A" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus barbarus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarus">Orthomus barbarus</taxonomicName>
subsp. akbesensis [sic!] mihi J. Mateu det., 1951&quot; [mixed handwritten &amp; print on white label]. Genitalia extracted, well preserved, glued to a separate card pinned beneath the specimen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DED8660B11C0470196D4559B2C430C07" pageId="15" pageNumber="36" type="other material studied">
<paragraph id="329AF5177C6D95A12F8FB1C5EA01F236" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">Other material studied.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7FC481B36800858AF5B26F1E9E617C73" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
PORTUGAL: - Faro: 1 ♂, Lagos env. 27./28.X.2006, V. Neuman leg. (cWR). 1 ♀, E Bensafrim, N Lagos, 28.III.1995, Chr. Bayer leg. (cWR). 1 ♀, Sagres, 4.IV.1989, M. Sachez (cWR). 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Sagres, 1 km from coast, 9.IV.1992, V. &amp; C. Neumann leg. (cWR). 1 ♂, Sierra Monchique, Cabo de
<normalizedToken id="41DD81E5FD34A60D4E2B81A24AA8D2C8" originalValue="Sáo">Sao</normalizedToken>
Vicente, 11.V.1992, V. &amp; C. Neumann leg. (cWR). 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀, Carvoeiro, 10.V.1997, B. Nickel leg. (cWR).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="26ED54BE96E658794507E455571BA855" pageId="15" pageNumber="36">
SPAIN: -
<normalizedToken id="E6DC1FF0DBA3A2758086410E3D3B8BCD" originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
: 1 ♂,
<normalizedToken id="C3E2ACF5E3A225964931BB53FC7053D1" originalValue="Córdoba">Cordoba</normalizedToken>
, escuela, 10.IV.2003, T.
<normalizedToken id="55DA4A98B82A9DBEB912B4EEEA6B7332" originalValue="Tichý">Tichy</normalizedToken>
leg. (cWR). - Granada: 1 ♂, La Herradura, 27.XII.1998-3.I.1999, G. Siering leg. (cWR). -
<normalizedToken id="F3943739A35BBCEF8DB3E7725062110F" originalValue="Málaga">Malaga</normalizedToken>
: 1 ♂, Malaga, 28.VIII.1996, P. Beron leg. (NMNHS). 1 ♀, &quot;Sierra de Tejeda, Competa S, 600 m, 6.4.2001, Ch. Bauer leg.&quot; (NMNHS).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4B452211E48AE79166D678A8EBA3CCC0" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="AEAD6B3B24F0030D173AB3689F96690C" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
<pageBreakToken id="0D8B4B124B3474184CAF7AD4769A44B6" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F4C87197C034DA636CEFF4D7EAD2CB3" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="209D03B6F10D796DA93F0FD095F3DB4B" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus berytensis subsp. akbensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="berytensis" subSpecies="akbensis">Orthomus berytensis akbensis</taxonomicName>
was described from &quot;Akbes, Siria&quot;, based on a male and a female specimen. Mateu characterized it as having the pronotal base not bordered bilaterally, the pronotum widest at about middle, and with basal fovea punctured, the elytral striae hardly punctured, the metatibia in male crenulate at internal side, and the median lobe (
<bibRefCitation id="CC57F842D261ADF167E0D4D470EAD790" author="Mateu, J" journalOrPublisher="Eos, Revista Espanola de Entomologia" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" pagination="53 - 85" title="Notas sobre los Orthomus Chaudoir (segunda nota)." volume="31" year="1955">Mateu 1955</bibRefCitation>
: 75, Fig. 9) somewhat differing from
<taxonomicName id="68207FEA6AC83AA009212E74E61F5964" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus barbarus subsp. berytensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="barbarus" subSpecies="berytensis">Orthomus barbarus berytensis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A9BE645F5C075701638D32E9C44F7F12" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
The study of the structure of the median lobe of aedeagus and the parameres, as well as selected external features in the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="FA233F66B823E1FEBB938A63B7FE6185" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus barbarus subsp. akbensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="barbarus" subSpecies="akbensis">Orthomus barbarus akbensis</taxonomicName>
demonstrated that it is really different from the other three East Mediterranean species. Its comparison with various taxa of the genus revealed that it is identical with specimens of
<taxonomicName id="9B22502D2490BE3E2678A52A0585D406" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus velocissimus subsp. andalusiacus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="velocissimus" subSpecies="andalusiacus">Orthomus velocissimus andalusiacus</taxonomicName>
Mateu, 1957 (compare Figs 4, 8, 12 and
<bibRefCitation id="F4E8A1846C55388FD783091E1C8CDC95" author="Mateu, J" journalOrPublisher="Eos, Revista Espanola de Entomologia" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" pagination="87 - 112" title="Notas sobre los Orthomus Chaudoir (tercera nota)." volume="33" year="1957">Mateu 1957</bibRefCitation>
,
<normalizedToken id="267BFE331F0C5AE54EB833916840DF3E" originalValue="Lámina">Lamina</normalizedToken>
IV, Figs 5-8,
<bibRefCitation id="60195DD92627256A4C5A33834A0231D7" author="Pupier, R" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon" pageId="29" pageNumber="50" pagination="215 - 228" title="Etude des organes genitaux des femelles et considerations sur la taxonomie de deux groupes d'Orthomus Chaudoir hispano-maghrebins (Coleoptera, Harpalidae, Pterostichini)." volume="82" year="2013">Pupier and Coulon 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 224, Fig. 1d). Hence, we synonymize the latter with
<taxonomicName id="01AE6E195374A28A8D95CC240D844B92" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus barbarus subsp. akbensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="barbarus" subSpecies="akbensis">Orthomus barbarus akbensis</taxonomicName>
which becomes the senior synonym and therefore the name of a valid subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="8D7EC0581D69A993F88526CAD736D2C3" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus velocissimus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velocissimus">Orthomus velocissimus</taxonomicName>
(Waltl, 1835).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="047ED35314E1E0D3472F500633127E49" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
<bibRefCitation id="C3B863C59A555710CB772254A6AFA91A" author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Tutzing" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" title="Systematic list of extant ground beetles of the World. (Inscta, Coleoptera, Adephaga: Trachypachidae &amp; Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae)" year="2005">Lorenz (2005</bibRefCitation>
: 265) formally declared
<taxonomicName id="78F0588F52B2177212852087C6762F19" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Feronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Feronia hesperica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hesperica">Feronia hesperica</taxonomicName>
as a nomen oblitum, in spite of the fact that a junior name has never been declared as nomen protectum. This statement is incorrect, since after 1899 this taxon was cited at least twice in the coleopterological literature.
<bibRefCitation id="D2044AB6CE32C27B655B1295474C5D74" author="Heyden, L von" journalOrPublisher="R. Friedlaender &amp; Sohn, Berlin" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" title="Catalogus Coleopterorum Europae, Caucasi et Armeniae rossicae" year="1906">Heyden et al. (1906</bibRefCitation>
: 86) and
<bibRefCitation id="FBF84634C61B9912DB9EA1B111B403A2" author="Csiki, E" editor="Junk, W" journalOrPublisher="W. Junk, Berlin" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" pagination="529 - 737" title="Pars 112: Carabidae, Harpalinae IV." volumeTitle="Coleopterorum catalogus, Volumen II, Carabidae II" year="1930">Csiki (1930</bibRefCitation>
: 612) recorded it as synonym of
<taxonomicName id="46BFA09C967CA6ABF59870B69B60F1EB" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pterostichus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pterostichus (Orthomus) barbarus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarus" subGenus="Orthomus">Pterostichus (Orthomus) barbarus</taxonomicName>
. The type locality cannot be fixed exactly geographically,
<bibRefCitation id="82AF0291D8DAF776F2646DF10C3A7288" author="Motschulsky, V de" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" pagination="52 - 163" title="Coleopteres recus d'un voyage de M. Handschuch dans le midi de l'Espagne enumeres et suivis de notes." volume="22" year="1849">Motschulsky (1849</bibRefCitation>
: 52) wrote that the coleopterological yields the collector Handschuh made in 1847 in southern Spain came from &quot;principalement aux environs de
<normalizedToken id="FDCBADFFA08636E85796E0F86F4120D6" originalValue="Carthagène“">Carthagene&quot;</normalizedToken>
, which means that other parts of southern Spain cannot be excluded. Thus, we accept the view of
<bibRefCitation id="ECB1011644CD07AE575B5B30F3DD8A58" author="Mateu, J" journalOrPublisher="Eos, Revista Espanola de Entomologia" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" pagination="87 - 112" title="Notas sobre los Orthomus Chaudoir (tercera nota)." volume="33" year="1957">Mateu (1957</bibRefCitation>
: 103) and list
<taxonomicName id="BE1FE3AE3B9ED8F55DA9C933948A0E28" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Feronia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Feronia hesperica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hesperica">Feronia hesperica</taxonomicName>
as a questionable senior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="B5577451A3C65AC43B1E03660882D98C" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus velocissimus subsp. akbensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="velocissimus" subSpecies="akbensis">Orthomus velocissimus akbensis</taxonomicName>
, before the identity of the former can be settled.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C09F631F97412F37B32A8F8C6E7B453" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
The name malacensis Mateu was used as an infrasubspecific one (as also transiens) and is therefore not available according to Article 45.5 of the Code (
<bibRefCitation id="902DA05EB8F93354DD37F03F4D00B387" author="Heyden, L von" journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" title="International Code on Zoological Nomenclature, fourth edition, adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences" url="http://www.iczn.org/iczn" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
). The name malacensis Jeanne is the available name for malacensis Mateu (see also
<bibRefCitation id="54B53930882F895E6CC6D174F0FC2309" author="Serrano, J" journalOrPublisher="Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa, Zaragoza" pageId="29" pageNumber="50" title="Catalogo de los Carabidae (Coleoptera) de la Peninsula Iberica" year="2003">Serrano 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 45), adopted by
<bibRefCitation id="AEF5AF8FC3D4F4EEC95C95C1232644B7" author="Jeanne, C" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Linneenne de Bordeaux" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" pagination="21 - 47" title="Carabiques de la Peninsule Iberique (3 e supplement)." volume="8" year="1981">Jeanne (1981)</bibRefCitation>
in agreement with Art. 45.5.1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B5B5CF0C55D45323D22F87A4A2897231" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
<bibRefCitation id="B7056BCEF98D0A3F2B31C1A86A0E6E2C" author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Tutzing" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" title="Nomina Carabidarum - a directory of the scientific names of ground beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera &quot; Geadephaga &quot;: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodidae)" year="1998">Lorenz (1998</bibRefCitation>
: 249,
<bibRefCitation id="D9B5A3515301A3AD504C586C5B09F257" author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Tutzing" pageId="28" pageNumber="49" title="Systematic list of extant ground beetles of the World. (Inscta, Coleoptera, Adephaga: Trachypachidae &amp; Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae)" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
: 265) combines
<taxonomicName id="5F8F0EFB7E06210D2BD15D04EA41C6D9" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus malacensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malacensis">Orthomus malacensis</taxonomicName>
Jeanne with the year 1978. Though
<normalizedToken id="5A612891918E314EA87595A2423391A2" originalValue="Jeanne’s">Jeanne's</normalizedToken>
work is part of &quot;Tome VIII, 1978-1980&quot; of the Bulletin de la
<normalizedToken id="4F7745B6F9D35B319015284DE6450948" originalValue="Société">Societe</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="3C202228FE6D983F35D50C7CE06D49FD" originalValue="linnéenne">linneenne</normalizedToken>
de Bordeaux, it was not printed until 1981 (see last page of that paper).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D400587FA5AF95D651874AD5460F061" pageId="16" pageNumber="37">
The application of Art. 72.4.4 specifies the type locality of
<taxonomicName id="FCED484119BDEB31DC5802D11EE6C1C8" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orthomus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthomus malacensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malacensis">Orthomus malacensis</taxonomicName>
Jeanne.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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