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<document id="3EE8E7E2DDBF63B162FF01F946A228A5" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.520.3.8" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5530428" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1632742426074" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kamil, Deeba, Toppo, R. Sudeep &amp; Choudhary, Shiv Pratap" docDate="2021" docId="03DC0C16FFFCFFB3FF43300E4619063C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.520.3.8.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 520 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.520.3.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Trichoderma dumbbelliforme T. Prameeladevi &amp; D. Kamil 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="293" masterDocId="FFE5746EFFF9FFBBFFCB361A4468073C" masterDocTitle="Trichoderma dumbbelliforme sp. nov. an undescribed fungus of order Hypocreales from India" masterLastPageNumber="295" masterPageNumber="285" pageNumber="290" updateTime="1699415153538" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="C8B5CDB3FF4E8181051F2F2B491C5BBC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="99D8458825758BE15D516CD22788E9A5">Trichoderma dumbbelliforme sp. nov. an undescribed fungus of order Hypocreales from India</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="BFBE25BD6899DD1290499E73D59EE41E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2E18CC96B4F65B97D8AC351E1048CE72">Kamil, Deeba</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8506174B561942B501D6D8C44ADB241B" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2331-358X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="47B8F8E279E53E66FB0059F3B2164D0D">Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India- 110012 &amp; deebakamil @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2331 - 358 X</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DC7A0FEDF00401E6AF28537F17620E6A" type="email">deebakamil@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="AC81E9786AAA4C68209AB3E49A971CA2">Toppo, R. Sudeep</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DEC08CF0AFB3C2CFCB9F56153B65BD56" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4074-7013</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AD43633E9FAE70041AD6E52244675952">Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India- 110012 &amp; toppo 68 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4074 - 7013</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9CF64FECA03339B8BE48CCC97DEDA73D" type="email">toppo68@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="C71359E5D5E4BC522389DDF9F466FE56">Choudhary, Shiv Pratap</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A27F444F04E97AC1FC4B01D089A8A272" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1019-0691</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7BFF5A68BF6A2FA04E680050963B638A">Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India- 110012 &amp; choudharyshiv 14 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1019 - 0691</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3F9A8E66DE7C402CACFAD525A1380891" type="email">choudharyshiv14@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="B707E8E4B918E250AFAC4CE35B03B8DB">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C19A782D84B57601F38A8A5B3A4B41A5">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0E3CB20BC5418916C695F5C9A1C6E5ED">2021-09-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CDAEEC6E1AD6DE7E233F3C4C9BF82ECC">520</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7F042A0662602D13840F76AE7D24F9ED" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="04630AD2F41A08A8D1D447199E65CA56" type="Zenodo-Dep">5530428</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DC0C16FFFCFFB3FF43300E4619063C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC0C16FFFCFFB3FF43300E4619063C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC0C16FFFCFFB3FF43300E4619063C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="293" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<subSubSection id="C36FEE8BFFFCFFBEFF43300E45EB016D" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFCFFBEFF43300E47B40112" blockId="5.[136,988,1556,1583]" box="[136,988,1556,1583]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<heading id="D0820A6CFFFCFFBEFF43300E47B40112" box="[136,988,1556,1583]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFCFFBEFF43300E474D0112" authority="T. Prameeladevi &amp; D. Kamil" authorityName="T. Prameeladevi &amp; D. Kamil" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,805,1556,1583]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dumbbelliforme" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFF43300E45B50113" bold="true" box="[136,477,1556,1583]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Trichoderma dumbbelliforme</emphasis>
T. Prameeladevi &amp; D. Kamil
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFCE7300F47E90112" box="[812,897,1557,1582]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A232DC69FFFCFFBEFCE7300F47E90112" box="[812,897,1557,1582]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="134EA185FFFCFFBEFC44300E47BB0112" box="[911,979,1556,1582]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1846,1868]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,430,1821]" captionTargetId="figure-152@6.[164,1423,425,1821]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Trichoderma dumbbelliforme (A) Growth on PDA, (B) Reverse of the plate, (C,D) Pustule having clustered phialides and long sterile conidiophores with one or two phialides at the tip, (E,F) Nodulation on sterile conidiophores under SEM, (G) Conidiophore branching, (H, I) Phialide disposition, (J, K) Phialides under SEM, (L) Chlamydospores and hyphal swellings, (M) Conidia, (N,O) Conidia under SEM." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530432/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFCFFBEFF43302645EB016D" blockId="5.[136,387,1596,1689]" box="[136,387,1596,1617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFF433026457D016D" bold="true" box="[136,277,1596,1617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Mycobank:—</emphasis>
MB823319
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36FEE8BFFFCFFBEFF4330454510014A" box="[136,376,1631,1654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFCFFBEFF4330454510014A" blockId="5.[136,387,1596,1689]" box="[136,376,1631,1654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFF43304545610149" bold="true" box="[136,265,1631,1653]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">GenBank:—</emphasis>
<accessionNumber id="942620E3FFFCFFBEFEC2307A4510014A" box="[265,376,1632,1654]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MG459152" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">MG459152</accessionNumber>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36FEE8BFFFCFFBEFF43309E451A01A5" box="[136,370,1668,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFCFFBEFF43309E451A01A5" blockId="5.[136,387,1596,1689]" box="[136,370,1668,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<materialsCitation id="3B1DB75DFFFCFFBEFF43309E451A01A5" box="[136,370,1668,1689]" collectionCode="ITCC" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" specimenCode="ITCC 8141" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFF43309E456D01A5" bold="true" box="[136,261,1668,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<typeStatus id="54CE03A2FFFCFFBEFF43309E448001A5" box="[136,232,1668,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:—
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="DBD3157BFFFCFFBEFECE309E451A01A5" box="[261,370,1668,1689]" collectionCode="ITCC" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/em9k-h6wg" name="Istituto Tecnico Stattale &amp;quot;Camillo Cavour&amp;quot;" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">ITCC 8141</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36FEE8BFFFCFFBEFF4330D2452B003A" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFCFFBEFF4330D2452B003A" blockId="5.[136,1452,1736,2087]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFF4330D2454601DE" bold="true" box="[136,302,1736,1762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Etymology:—</emphasis>
Named after the shape of the conidia. The
<typeStatus id="54CE03A2FFFCFFBEFCC730D3475401DF" box="[780,828,1737,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">type</typeStatus>
strain was isolated from the soils of the virgin forest of
<collectingRegion id="49B173E2FFFCFFBEFF4330F6449E003A" box="[136,246,1772,1798]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F362FD90FFFCFFBEFECA30F64556003A" box="[257,318,1772,1798]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36FEE8BFFFCFFBDFF76310A416C06AD" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="291" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFCFFBEFF76310A40670016" blockId="5.[136,1452,1736,2087]" box="[189,1039,1808,1834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFF76310A45DC0016" bold="true" box="[189,436,1808,1834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Host/Distribution:—</emphasis>
soil sample collected from Dimapur,
<collectingRegion id="49B173E2FFFCFFBEFC9F310A47AA0016" box="[852,962,1808,1834]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F362FD90FFFCFFBEFC05310A40630016" box="[974,1035,1808,1834]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFCFFBEFF76312E452E00E2" blockId="5.[136,1452,1736,2087]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFF76312E458B0072" bold="true" box="[189,483,1844,1870]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Diagnostic characters:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFCFFBEFE2F312E47420072" authorityName="T. Prameeladevi &amp; D. Kamil" authorityYear="2021" box="[484,810,1844,1870]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dumbbelliforme">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFE2F312E47420072" box="[484,810,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Trichoderma dumbbelliforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFCFFBEFB9A312F40D00072" box="[1105,1208,1844,1870]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="spirale">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFB9A312F40D00072" box="[1105,1208,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">T. spirale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFCFFBEFB21312F410B0072" box="[1258,1379,1845,1871]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="crassum">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFB21312F40920072" box="[1258,1274,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFACD312F410B0072" box="[1286,1379,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">crassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the ornamented conidiophores, shape of the conidia and presence of hyphal bulging (
<tableCitation id="C6F788BBFFFCFFBEFC363142403A004E" box="[1021,1106,1880,1906]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[136,224,698,724]" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological comparisons of Trichoderma dumbbelliforme and closely related species." pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFCFFBEFBAE314241C3004E" authorityName="T. Prameeladevi &amp; D. Kamil" authorityYear="2021" box="[1125,1451,1880,1906]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dumbbelliforme">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFBAE314241C3004E" box="[1125,1451,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Trichoderma dumbbelliforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
produced nodules on the sterile part of the conidiophores, pyriform to dumbbell shaped conidia and catenulate hyphal swellings whereas the other two species produced smooth conidiophores, globose conidia and sub-globose to obovoid chlamydospores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFCFFBDFF7631F2416C06AD" blockId="5.[136,1452,1736,2087]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,401]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="291" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFCFFBEFF7631F2459E0F3E" bold="true" box="[189,502,2024,2050]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">Culture characteristics:—</emphasis>
The growth of colony was observed 4.0–5.0 cm in 4 days on PDA medium at 25
<superScript id="7C001048FFFCFFBEFA5A31F241F100CA" attach="right" box="[1425,1433,2024,2038]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="290">0</superScript>
C moderately growing. White floccose mycelium becoming glaucous to dark green (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4C0F1FFFCFFBEFBE53E1640B10F1A" author="Ridgway, R." box="[1070,1241,2060,2086]" pageId="5" pageNumber="290" refId="ref5386" refString="Ridgway, R. (1912) Colorstandards and color nomenclature. Washington, D. C. 44 pp. 53. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 144788" type="book" year="1912">Ridgway 1912</bibRefCitation>
). Cushion like flat pustules spread throughout the plate. Yellowish orange to brown soluble pigmentation was present in the medium. Reverse of the plate was brown. The conidiophores in minute pustules or effuse, branching irregularly, the apical part of the main conidiophores axis is straight or flexuous, sterile and un-branched. Long un-branched conidiophores were imbedded with smooth and round nodules with one or two phialides at the tip.The phialides were ampulliform, mainly arising in crowded whorls of 4–6 on terminal and lateral branches. Conidia was pyriform to dumbbell shaped with the size of 4.0–6.0×2.5–3.0 µm and having two big guttulae at each end, smooth and pale green Chlamydospores were smooth globose to oval with 6.0–10.0 µm diam, catenulate and branched hyphal swellings are present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0AED88FFFFFFBDFF43312C4495008B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5530432" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5530432" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5530432/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="291" startId="6.[136,229,1846,1868]" targetBox="[165,1421,430,1821]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFFFFBDFF43312C4495008B" blockId="6.[136,1452,1846,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="291">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFFFFBDFF43312C44970077" bold="true" box="[136,255,1846,1868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="291">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFFFFBDFECD312C464A0077" authorityName="T. Prameeladevi &amp; D. Kamil" authorityYear="2021" box="[262,546,1846,1867]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="6" pageNumber="291" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dumbbelliforme">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFFFFBDFECD312C464A0077" box="[262,546,1846,1867]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="291">Trichoderma dumbbelliforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(A) Growth on PDA, (B) Reverse of the plate, (C,D) Pustule having clustered phialides and long sterile conidiophores with one or two phialides at the tip, (E,F) Nodulation on sterile conidiophores under SEM, (G) Conidiophore branching, (H, I) Phialide disposition, (J, K) Phialides under SEM, (L) Chlamydospores and hyphal swellings, (M) Conidia, (N,O) Conidia under SEM.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0AED88FFFEFFBCFF4334A040DC05E8" box="[136,1204,698,724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292" startId="7.[136,224,698,724]">
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFEFFBCFF4334A040DC05E8" blockId="7.[136,1204,698,724]" box="[136,1204,698,724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFF4334A0449305E8" bold="true" box="[136,251,698,724]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Morphological comparisons of
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFEFFBCFD9A34A047E305E8" authorityName="T. Prameeladevi &amp; D. Kamil" authorityYear="2021" box="[593,907,698,724]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dumbbelliforme">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFD9A34A047E305E8" box="[593,907,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Trichoderma dumbbelliforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and closely related species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFFEFFBCFF5B34E94288013A" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<table id="F9754FA0FFFE0044FF5B34E943A50116" box="[144,1997,755,1578]" gridcols="7" gridrows="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<tr id="3545BF42FFFE0044FF5B34E943A50436" box="[144,1997,755,778]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044FF5B34E945DB0436" box="[144,435,755,778]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFF5B34E944B30436" bold="true" box="[144,219,755,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Species</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044FE1E34E946B00436" box="[469,728,755,778]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFE1E34E946760436" bold="true" box="[469,542,755,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Colony</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044FD3834E947990436" box="[755,1009,755,778]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFD3834E947E50436" bold="true" box="[755,909,755,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Conidio -phore</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044FBD934E940910436" box="[1042,1273,755,778]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFBD934E9400E0436" bold="true" box="[1042,1126,755,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Phialide</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044FAD434E942700436" box="[1311,1560,755,778]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFAD434E941180436" bold="true" box="[1311,1392,755,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Conidia</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044F9E434E9434E0436" box="[1583,1830,755,778]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCF9E434E942B30436" bold="true" box="[1583,1755,755,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Chlamydospores</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044F88D34E943A50436" box="[1862,1997,755,778]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCF88D34E943C40436" bold="true" box="[1862,1964,755,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Reference</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3545BF42FFFE0044FF5B355443A50325" box="[144,1997,846,1049]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044FF5B355445DB0325" box="[144,435,846,1049]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFEFFBCFF5B35B245010483" box="[144,361,936,959]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="crassum">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFF5B35B245010483" bold="true" box="[144,361,936,959]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Trichoderma crassum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FE1E355446B00325" box="[469,728,846,1049]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Cushion like flat pustules bright yellow turn to grey green to grey. Concentric rings. Reverse of the plate yellowish orange.</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FD38355447990325" box="[755,1009,846,1049]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Branching irregularly, the apical part of conidiophores is sterile and unbranched. One or two phialides at the tip are sometimes present.</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FBD9355440910325" box="[1042,1273,846,1049]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Phialides mainly arising in crowded whorls of 2 – 5 ampulliform to lagniform and subulate.</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FAD4355442700325" box="[1311,1560,846,1049]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Broadly ellipsoidal to obovoid with 3.0 – 5.0 × 3.0 – 3.5 µm size, smooth and green.</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044F9E43554434E0325" box="[1583,1830,846,1049]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">globose, 4.0 – 6.0 µm diam.</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044F88D355443A50325" box="[1862,1997,846,1049]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Bissett (1991)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3545BF42FFFE0044FF5B324143A5021A" box="[144,1997,1115,1318]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044FF5B324145DB021A" box="[144,435,1115,1318]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFEFFBCFF5B32AF453103F0" box="[144,345,1205,1228]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="spirale">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFF5B32AF453103F0" bold="true" box="[144,345,1205,1228]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Trichoderma spirale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FE1E324146B0021A" box="[469,728,1115,1318]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Numerous compact white pustules turning to dull green then dark green, sometimes arranged concentrically, sparingly around the margin.</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FD3832414799021A" box="[755,1009,1115,1318]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Conidiophores typically comprising a sterile hair from the base of which arise short, broad fertile branches.</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FBD932414091021A" box="[1042,1273,1115,1318]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Ampulliform and cylindrical</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FAD432414270021A" box="[1311,1560,1115,1318]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">globose to sub globose, 3.0–6.0 × 2.5–5.0 μm.</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044F9E43241434E021A" box="[1583,1830,1115,1318]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Chlamydospores globose to subglobose, minute, 7.0–15.0 μm diam.</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044F88D324143A5021A" box="[1862,1997,1115,1318]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Bissett (1991)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3545BF42FFFE0044FF5B334543A50116" box="[144,1997,1375,1578]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="292" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="7694D63EFFFE0044FF5B334545DB0116" box="[144,435,1375,1578]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">
<taxonomicName id="4C75C683FFFEFFBCFF5B33A345DB02EC" authorityName="T. Prameeladevi &amp; D. Kamil" authorityYear="2021" box="[144,435,1465,1488]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Hypocreaceae" genus="Trichoderma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hypocreales" pageId="7" pageNumber="292" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="dumbbelliforme">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFFEFFBCFF5B33A345DB02EC" bold="true" box="[144,435,1465,1488]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Trichoderma dumbbelliforme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FE1E334546B00116" box="[469,728,1375,1578]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">floccose, flat pustules, compact, glaucous to dark green reverse brown</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FD38334540910116" box="[755,1273,1375,1578]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Branching irregularly, the apical part of conidiophore Phialides mainly arising is sterile with nodules and in crowded whorls of 4 unbranched with one or two – 6 ampulliform phialides at the tip</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044FAD4334542700116" box="[1311,1560,1375,1578]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Pyriform to dumbbell shaped conidia with the size of 4.0 – 6.0 × 2.5-3.0 µm and having two big guttulae at each end, smooth and pale green</td>
<td id="7694D63EFFFE0044F9E43345434E0116" box="[1583,1830,1375,1578]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="292">Chlamydospores globose to oval, catenulate hyphal swellings are present 6.0–10.0 µm diam</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C36FEE8BFFF1FFB3FF7636844619063C" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCABD00FFF1FFB3FF7636844619063C" blockId="8.[136,1452,158,257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">
<emphasis id="B9016112FFF1FFB3FF76368445A00784" bold="true" box="[189,456,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Material examined:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1DB75DFFF1FFB3FE033684464C063D" collectingDate="2016-09-23" collectionCode="R, ITCC" country="India" latitude="25.756666" location="Sudeep Toppo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="93.84056" municipality="Dimapur district" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nagaland">
<collectingCountry id="F362FD90FFF1FFB3FE03368446720784" box="[456,538,158,184]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">INDIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49B173E2FFF1FFB3FDE3368446FE0784" box="[552,662,158,184]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAE277AFFF1FFB3FD6E3684470B0784" box="[677,867,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Dimapur district</collectingMunicipality>
, (
<geoCoordinate id="EE41DBC7FFF1FFB3FCB2368440680784" box="[889,1024,158,185]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" precision="15" seconds="24" value="25.756666">
25
<superScript id="7C001048FFF1FFB3FC5D368447F60790" attach="none" box="[918,926,158,172]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">o</superScript>
45’24 N
</geoCoordinate>
”
<geoCoordinate id="EE41DBC7FFF1FFB3FBDF368440F10784" box="[1044,1177,158,185]" degrees="93" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" precision="15" seconds="26" value="93.84056">
93
<superScript id="7C001048FFF1FFB3FBFB368440500790" attach="none" box="[1072,1080,158,172]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">o</superScript>
50’26 E
</geoCoordinate>
”), from soil,
<collectionCode id="ED6425C5FFF1FFB3FAFE368541230785" box="[1333,1355,159,185]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">R</collectionCode>
.
<location id="8EAAEBDBFFF1FFB3FA92368444BA07E1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC0C16FFFCFFB3FF43300E4619063C:8EAAEBDBFFF1FFB3FA92368444BA07E1" country="India" latitude="25.756666" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="93.84056" municipality="Dimapur district" name="Sudeep Toppo" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" stateProvince="Nagaland">Sudeep Toppo</location>
,
<date id="FFCB9BC0FFF1FFB3FF1536D845D507E0" box="[222,445,194,220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" value="2016-09-23">
<collectingDate id="EF8F6228FFF1FFB3FF1536D845D507E0" box="[222,445,194,220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293" value="2016-09-23">23 September 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
: ex-type culture deposited in Indian
<typeStatus id="54CE03A2FFF1FFB3FC9336D947F807E1" box="[856,912,195,221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Type</typeStatus>
Culture Collection (
<collectionCode id="ED6425C5FFF1FFB3FBBC36D840D407E0" box="[1143,1212,194,220]" country="Italy" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/em9k-h6wg" name="Istituto Tecnico Stattale &amp;quot;Camillo Cavour&amp;quot;" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">ITCC</collectionCode>
; 8141), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New
</materialsCitation>
<collectingRegion id="49B173E2FFF1FFB3FDE036FC4605063C" box="[555,621,230,256]" country="India" name="Delhi" pageId="8" pageNumber="293">Delhi</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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