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<mods:title id="A9723B16A82474D4FABF6D91CAF09B74">Review of the Indian Ocean spikefish genus Mephisto (Tetraodontiformes Triacanthodidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B18646F819C18477FF963A905B6EDE8F">Bemis, Katherine E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E7E552B2254FC9299400ADD04F4A28A8">Tyler, James C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FFC83AB57F0433F9E7C695C7FE4B91DF">Psomadakis, Peter N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F8BEB888BAF72C3932FFEA8CDD270DD2">Kumar, Appukuttannair Biju</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C4E7FF28FE05FF4D" ID-CoL="5P75" authority="Tyler 1966" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,400,225,252]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C4E7FF28FE91FF4D" box="[151,260,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Mephisto</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C57CFF2BFE05FF4D" bold="true" box="[268,400,225,252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Tyler 1966</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="514D71184255FFF5C4E7FEE0FE45FEF2" author="Tyler, J. C." box="[151,464,297,324]" page="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C4E7FEE0FE45FEF2" ID-CoL="5P75" authority="Tyler 1966 a: 1 - 5" authorityName="Tyler" authorityPageNumber="1 - 5" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,464,297,324]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C4E7FEE0FF6AFEF5" box="[151,255,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Mephisto</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84255FFF5C57AFEE0FE45FEF2" author="Tyler, J. C." box="[266,464,297,324]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref10430" refString="Tyler, J. C. (1966 a) A new genus and species of triacanthodid fish (Plectognathi) from the Indian Ocean. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Notulae Naturae, 385, 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1966">Tyler 1966a: 15</bibRefCitation>
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(original description;
<typeStatus id="0F57E9AB4255FFF5C6A4FEE3FC91FEF2" box="[724,772,298,324]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C71BFEE0FA98FEF5" ID-CoL="3ZT2Y" authority="Tyler 1966" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[875,1293,297,323]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C71BFEE0FB16FEF5" box="[875,1155,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Mephisto fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
Tyler 1966
</taxonomicName>
; etymology: genus named for the devil
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C5B3FE84FDA5FED1" ID-CoL="5P75" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[451,560,333,359]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mephisto</taxonomicName>
, second only to Satan in the Faustian legend of Mephistopheles, in allusion to the reddish exterior, blackish interior (peritoneum), and the retrose-barbed dorsal-fin spines being the equivalent of horns in the
<typeStatus id="0F57E9AB4255FFF5C552FE5FFEC7FE06" box="[290,338,406,432]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
species).
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<paragraph id="D05357094255FFF5C4B7FE70FC98FE41" blockId="4.[151,1437,297,684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C4B7FE70FEB6FE65" bold="true" box="[199,291,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Species.</emphasis>
The genus
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<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C5D1FE70FD9CFE65" box="[417,521,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Mephisto</emphasis>
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contains two species:
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C770FE70FB04FE65" ID-CoL="3ZT2Y" authority="Tyler 1966" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[768,1169,441,467]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C770FE70FB86FE65" box="[768,1043,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Mephisto fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
Tyler 1966
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C0B5FE70FC9FFE41" authority="Matsuura, Psomadakis, and Mya Than Tun 2018" authorityName="Matsuura, Psomadakis, and Mya Than Tun" authorityYear="2018" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albomaculosus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C0B5FE70FF4AFE41" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Mephisto albomaculosus</emphasis>
Matsuura, Psomadakis, and Mya Than Tun 2018
</taxonomicName>
.
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<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C4B7FDC8FE40FDAA" bold="true" box="[199,469,513,540]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Subfamilial placement.</emphasis>
The two subfamilies of
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C683FDC8FC3DFDAD" authorityName="T.N.Gill" authorityYear="1862" box="[755,936,513,539]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Triacanthodidae</taxonomicName>
are diagnosed primarily by features in two different regions of the skeleton: the posterior process of the pelvis and the posterodorsal region of the skull. The width, shape, and structure of the posterior process of the pelvis (
<figureCitation id="48D74B8C4255FFF5C706FD80FC7AFDD2" box="[886,1007,585,612]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1750,1775]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1725]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Micro-CT scan of Mephisto fraserbrunneri, ZMH 5629, 66.0 mm SL, showing subfamilial characters. A. Lateral view, highlighting extent of pelvis. B. Ventral view showing flat, scale-covered pelvis that tapers to a point posteriorly, much wider anteriorly between the pelvic spines than posteriorly. C. Dorsal view of the rear of the skull showing the flattened supraoccipital (yellow) and its low crest, with the supraoccipital not separating the epioccipitals (gray) on the dorsal surface of the skull. D. Oblique view of the rear of the skull highlighting the median, narrow, supraoccipital crest located in the middle of the supraoccipital." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991955/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
) is visible externally; the shape of the supraoccipital and its relationship to the epioccipitals is only visible internally (
<figureCitation id="48D74B8C4255FFF5C05BFDA4FB3FFD3E" box="[1067,1194,621,648]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1750,1775]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1725]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Micro-CT scan of Mephisto fraserbrunneri, ZMH 5629, 66.0 mm SL, showing subfamilial characters. A. Lateral view, highlighting extent of pelvis. B. Ventral view showing flat, scale-covered pelvis that tapers to a point posteriorly, much wider anteriorly between the pelvic spines than posteriorly. C. Dorsal view of the rear of the skull showing the flattened supraoccipital (yellow) and its low crest, with the supraoccipital not separating the epioccipitals (gray) on the dorsal surface of the skull. D. Oblique view of the rear of the skull highlighting the median, narrow, supraoccipital crest located in the middle of the supraoccipital." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991955/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
; see
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84255FFF5C095FDA4FA0DFD31" author="Tyler, J. C." box="[1253,1432,621,647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 364" refId="ref10513" refString="Tyler, J. C. (1968) A monograph on plectognath fishes of the Superfamily Triacanthoidea. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Monograph 16, 1 - 364." type="journal article" year="1968">Tyler, 1968: 62</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84255FFF5C4E7FD58FF6BFD1A" author="Tyler, J. C." box="[151,254,657,684]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 422" refId="ref10546" refString="Tyler, J. C. (1980) Osteology, phylogeny, and higher classification of the fishes of the Order Plectognathi (Tetraodontiformes). NOAA Technical Report, NMFS Circular, 434, 1 - 422. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 63022" type="journal article" year="1980">1980: 56</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="849307814255FFF5C4E7F8ECFBEDF81F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991953" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3991953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991953/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" startId="4.[151,250,1829,1854]" targetBox="[158,1430,715,1794]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="D05357094255FFF5C4E7F8ECFBEDF81F" blockId="4.[151,1437,1829,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C4E7F8ECFE86F888" bold="true" box="[151,275,1829,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Distribution and habitat of
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C65BF8ECFD1CF88B" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[555,649,1829,1853]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C65BF8ECFD1CF88B" box="[555,649,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">Mephisto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C6E6F8ECFD3BF888" bold="true" box="[662,686,1829,1854]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">A.</emphasis>
All known records of
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C7E1F8ECFC63F88B" box="[913,1014,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C7E1F8ECFC67F88B" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[913,1010,1829,1853]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Mephisto</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
including holotypes of
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C095F8EFFA09F88B" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[1253,1436,1829,1853]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C095F8EFFA09F88B" box="[1253,1436,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">M. fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C4B1F883FE15F8D7" box="[193,384,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C4B1F883FEE8F8D7" authorityName="Matsuura, Psomadakis, and Mya Than Tun" authorityYear="2018" box="[193,381,1865,1889]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albomaculosus">M. albomaculosus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
non-type specimens of
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C61EF883FCBFF8D7" box="[622,810,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4255FFF5C61EF883FCB3F8D7" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[622,806,1865,1889]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">M. fraserbrunneri</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and photographic records of specimens that were not retained.
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4255FFF5C4E7F8A4FF3BF833" bold="true" box="[151,174,1901,1925]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86">B.</emphasis>
Detail of region in white box in part A highlighting collection localities on continental shelf off Somalia and Socotra, and Error Seamount (part of the Carlsberg Ridge). Bathymetric data from
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84255FFF5C72BF858FBE1F81F" author="Smith, W. H. F. &amp; Sandwell, D. T." box="[859,1140,1937,1962]" pageId="4" pageNumber="86" pagination="1957 - 1962" refId="ref10329" refString="Smith, W. H. F. &amp; Sandwell, D. T. (1997) Global seafloor topography from satellite altimetry and ship depth soundings. Science, 277, 1957 - 1962. https: // doi. org / 10.1126 / science. 277.5334.1956" type="journal article" year="1997">Smith and Sandwell (1997)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="849307814254FFF4C4E7F91FFEC7F815" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991955" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3991955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991955/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="87" startId="5.[151,250,1750,1775]" targetBox="[151,1434,181,1725]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="D05357094254FFF4C4E7F91FFEC7F815" blockId="5.[151,1437,1750,1955]" pageId="5" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4254FFF4C4E7F91FFE86F959" bold="true" box="[151,275,1750,1775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="87">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Micro-CT scan of
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4254FFF4C5A8F91EFD4CF959" box="[472,729,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="87">
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4254FFF4C5A8F91EFD40F959" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[472,725,1751,1775]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">Mephisto fraserbrunneri</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
ZMH 5629, 66.0 mm SL, showing subfamilial characters.
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4254FFF4C145F91FFADBF959" bold="true" box="[1333,1358,1750,1775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="87">A.</emphasis>
Lateral view, highlighting extent of pelvis.
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4254FFF4C674F932FD8EF8A5" bold="true" box="[516,539,1787,1811]" pageId="5" pageNumber="87">B.</emphasis>
Ventral view showing flat, scale-covered pelvis that tapers to a point posteriorly, much wider anteriorly between the pelvic spines than posteriorly.
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4254FFF4C772F8D7FC8FF881" bold="true" box="[770,794,1822,1847]" pageId="5" pageNumber="87">C.</emphasis>
Dorsal view of the rear of the skull showing the flattened supraoccipital (yellow) and its low crest, with the supraoccipital not separating the epioccipitals (gray) on the dorsal surface of the skull.
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4254FFF4C48AF8AEFE86F8C9" bold="true" box="[250,275,1895,1919]" pageId="5" pageNumber="87">D.</emphasis>
Oblique view of the rear of the skull highlighting the median, narrow, supraoccipital crest located in the middle of the supraoccipital.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D05357094257FFF7C4B7FF50FB1CFDAD" blockId="6.[151,1437,153,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
The Hollardiinae (
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C5EAFF50FD2BFF05" box="[410,702,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C5EAFF50FD9FFF05" box="[410,522,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Hollardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hollardia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C668FF50FD2FFF05" authorityName="Fraser-Brunner" authorityYear="1941" box="[536,698,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Parahollardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Parahollardia</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
western Atlantic, except one species in Pacific Oceania) have a shaft-like posterior process of the pelvis that is relatively rounded in ventral view and is not much wider between the bases of the pelvic spines than at the blunt posterior end, and they have a dome-like supraoccipital that separates the contralateral epioccipitals posteriorly on the dorsal surface of the skull. The
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C05AFECCFB4AFEA9" box="[1066,1247,261,287]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Triacanthodinae">Triacanthodinae</taxonomicName>
(all other extant genera, Indo-Pacific except one species in western Atlantic) have a basin-like posterior process of the pelvis that is flat ventrally, with slightly dorsally upturned lateral edges, and is wider anteriorly between the pelvic spines than posteriorly where it tapers to an end (see
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84257FFF7C604FEB8FD63FE3D" author="Tyler, J. C." box="[628,758,369,395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 364" refId="ref10513" refString="Tyler, J. C. (1968) A monograph on plectognath fishes of the Superfamily Triacanthoidea. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Monograph 16, 1 - 364." type="journal article" year="1968">Tyler, 1968</bibRefCitation>
for illustrations of the posterior process of the pelvis in all genera of triacanthodids), and they have a flattened supraoccipital with a median crest that does not separate the epioccipitals posteriorly on the dorsal surface of the skull. The only fossil triacanthodids are two taxa from the Oligocene of the Polish Carpathian Mountains, the hollardiin
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C756FE14FC23FE41" authorityName="Tyler, Jerzmanska, Bannikov &amp; Swidnicki" authorityYear="1993" box="[806,950,477,503]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Prohollardia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C756FE14FC23FE41" box="[806,950,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Prohollardia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the triacanthodin
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C0C0FE14FAF6FE41" box="[1200,1379,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Carpathospinus</emphasis>
. The two triacanthodid subfamilies diverged no less than 29 to 24 MYA (see
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84257FFF7C7C9FDC8FBE9FDAD" author="Tyler, J. C. &amp; Jerzmanska, A. &amp; Bannikov, A. F. &amp; Swidnicki, J." box="[953,1148,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref10657" refString="Tyler, J. C., Jerzmanska, A., Bannikov, A. F. &amp; Swidnicki, J. (1993) Two new genera and species of Oligocene spikefishes (Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthodidae), the first fossils of the Hollardiinae and Triacanthodinae. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, 75, 1 - 27. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810266.75.1" type="journal article" year="1993">
Tyler
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C78AFDCBFBA6FDAD" box="[1018,1075,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">et al.</emphasis>
, 1993
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="849307814257FFF7C4E7FDF7FAB0FDC2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<paragraph id="D05357094257FFF7C4E7FDF7FAB0FDC2" blockId="6.[151,1403,574,628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C4E7FDF7FE9FFDE1" bold="true" box="[151,266,574,599]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Meristic data from eight examined specimens of
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C76BFDF6FBB7FDE1" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[795,1058,575,599]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C76BFDF6FBB7FDE1" box="[795,1058,575,599]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Mephisto fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D05357094257FFF7C517FD4AFAFCFA0B" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<table id="A2ECA5A94257000EC4D3FD4AFA16FA7A" box="[163,1411,643,1484]" gridcols="9" gridrows="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FD4AFA16FD0F" box="[163,1411,643,697]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FD4AFE4DFD0F" box="[359,472,643,697]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C517FD4AFE57FD0F" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">DABFUK/ FI/304</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FD4AFDF6FD0F" box="[512,611,643,697]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C661FD4AFDCDFD0F" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">ANSP 103314</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFD4AFD6AFD0F" box="[653,767,643,697]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C6FDFD4AFD7CFD0F" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">DABFUK/ FI/303</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFD4AFC05FD0F" box="[798,912,643,697]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C76EFD4AFCEFFD0F" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">DABFUK/ FI/301</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFD4AFC68FD0F" box="[942,1021,643,697]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C7C8FD4DFC65FD0F" bold="true" box="[952,1013,644,697]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">ZMH 5629</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FD4AFBE2FD0F" box="[1064,1143,643,697]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C05AFD4AFBE0FD0F" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">USNM 306629</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFD4AFA9AFD0F" box="[1181,1295,643,697]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C0EDFD4AFB6CFD0F" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">DABFUK/ FI/302</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FD4AFA16FD0F" box="[1333,1411,643,697]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C147FD4AFA17FD0F" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">USNM 350153</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FD01FA16FD57" box="[163,1411,712,737]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FD01FEDEFD57" box="[163,331,712,737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C4D3FD01FE87FD57" bold="true" box="[163,274,712,737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Character</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FD01FDF6FD57" box="[512,611,712,737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C670FD00FDF6FD57" bold="true" box="[512,611,713,737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Holotype</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FD38FA16FC91" box="[163,1411,753,807]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FD38FEDEFC91" box="[163,331,753,807]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Standard Length (mm)</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FD38FE4DFC91" box="[359,472,753,807]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">48.6</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FD38FDF6FC91" box="[512,611,753,807]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">52.2</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFD38FD6AFC91" box="[653,767,753,807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">64.2</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFD38FC05FC91" box="[798,912,753,807]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">64.5</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFD38FC68FC91" box="[942,1021,753,807]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">66.0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FD38FBE2FC91" box="[1064,1143,753,807]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">68.8</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFD38FA9AFC91" box="[1181,1295,753,807]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">102.7</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FD38FA16FC91" box="[1333,1411,753,807]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">105.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FCFFFA16FCF9" box="[163,1411,822,847]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FCFFFEDEFCF9" box="[163,331,822,847]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Dorsal-fin rays</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FCFFFE4DFCF9" box="[359,472,822,847]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">VI + 16</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FCFFFDF6FCF9" box="[512,611,822,847]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">VI + 16</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFCFFFD6AFCF9" box="[653,767,822,847]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">VI + —</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFCFFFC05FCF9" box="[798,912,822,847]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">VI + 16</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFCFFFC68FCF9" box="[942,1021,822,847]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">VI + 16</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FCFFFBE2FCF9" box="[1064,1143,822,847]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">VI + 16</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFCFFFA9AFCF9" box="[1181,1295,822,847]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">VI + 15</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FCFFFA16FCF9" box="[1333,1411,822,847]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">VI + 16</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FC97FA16FCCE" box="[163,1411,862,888]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FC97FEDEFCCE" box="[163,331,862,888]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Anal-fin rays</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FC97FE4DFCCE" box="[359,472,862,888]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FC97FDF6FCCE" box="[512,611,862,888]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFC97FD6AFCCE" box="[653,767,862,888]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFC97FC05FCCE" box="[798,912,862,888]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFC97FC68FCCE" box="[942,1021,862,888]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FC97FBE2FCCE" box="[1064,1143,862,888]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFC97FA9AFCCE" box="[1181,1295,862,888]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">13</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FC97FA16FCCE" box="[1333,1411,862,888]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FC4EFA16FC0B" box="[163,1411,903,957]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FC4EFEDEFC0B" box="[163,331,903,957]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Pectoral-fin rays (Left, Right)</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FC4EFE4DFC0B" box="[359,472,903,957]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14, 15</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FC4EFDF6FC0B" box="[512,611,903,957]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14, 14</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFC4EFD6AFC0B" box="[653,767,903,957]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFC4EFC05FC0B" box="[798,912,903,957]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14, 14</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFC4EFC68FC0B" box="[942,1021,903,957]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14, 14</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FC4EFBE2FC0B" box="[1064,1143,903,957]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">14, 14</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFC4EFA9AFC0B" box="[1181,1295,903,957]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">13, 13</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FC4EFA16FC0B" box="[1333,1411,903,957]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">13, 13</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FC05FA16FBB5" box="[163,1411,972,1027]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FC05FEDEFBB5" box="[163,331,972,1027]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Pelvic-fin rays (Left, Right)</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FC05FE4DFBB5" box="[359,472,972,1027]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">1, 1</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FC05FDF6FBB5" box="[512,611,972,1027]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">1, 1</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFC05FD6AFBB5" box="[653,767,972,1027]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">1, 1</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFC05FC05FBB5" box="[798,912,972,1027]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">1, 1</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFC05FC68FBB5" box="[942,1021,972,1027]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">1, 1</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FC05FBE2FBB5" box="[1064,1143,972,1027]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">1, 1</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFC05FA9AFBB5" box="[1181,1295,972,1027]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">1, 1</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FC05FA16FBB5" box="[1333,1411,972,1027]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">1, 1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FBDBFA16FBFE" box="[163,1411,1042,1096]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FBDBFEDEFBFE" box="[163,331,1042,1096]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Olfactory lamellae</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FBDBFE4DFBFE" box="[359,472,1042,1096]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FBDBFDF6FBFE" box="[512,611,1042,1096]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">10</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFBDBFD6AFBFE" box="[653,767,1042,1096]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFBDBFC05FBFE" box="[798,912,1042,1096]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">10</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFBDBFC68FBFE" box="[942,1021,1042,1096]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">9</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FBDBFBE2FBFE" box="[1064,1143,1042,1096]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">10</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFBDBFA9AFBFE" box="[1181,1295,1042,1096]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FBDBFA16FBFE" box="[1333,1411,1042,1096]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FB9EFA16FBC6" box="[163,1411,1111,1136]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FB9EFEDEFBC6" box="[163,331,1111,1136]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Gill rakers</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FB9EFE4DFBC6" box="[359,472,1111,1136]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FB9EFDF6FBC6" box="[512,611,1111,1136]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">19</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFB9EFD6AFBC6" box="[653,767,1111,1136]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFB9EFC05FBC6" box="[798,912,1111,1136]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">17</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFB9EFC68FBC6" box="[942,1021,1111,1136]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">19</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FB9EFBE2FBC6" box="[1064,1143,1111,1136]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">16</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFB9EFA9AFBC6" box="[1181,1295,1111,1136]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">17</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FB9EFA16FBC6" box="[1333,1411,1111,1136]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">18</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FB49FA16FB00" box="[163,1411,1152,1206]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FB49FEDEFB00" box="[163,331,1152,1206]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Lamellae in pseudobranch</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FB49FE4DFB00" box="[359,472,1152,1206]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FB49FDF6FB00" box="[512,611,1152,1206]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">18</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFB49FD6AFB00" box="[653,767,1152,1206]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88"></td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFB49FC05FB00" box="[798,912,1152,1206]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">17</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFB49FC68FB00" box="[942,1021,1152,1206]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">19</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FB49FBE2FB00" box="[1064,1143,1152,1206]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">17</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFB49FA9AFB00" box="[1181,1295,1152,1206]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">20</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FB49FA16FB00" box="[1333,1411,1152,1206]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">19</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FB0CFA16FB4A" box="[163,1411,1221,1276]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FB0CFEDEFB4A" box="[163,331,1221,1276]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Outer teeth in upper jaw</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FB0CFE4DFB4A" box="[359,472,1221,1276]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">24</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FB0CFDF6FB4A" box="[512,611,1221,1276]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">17</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFB0CFD6AFB4A" box="[653,767,1221,1276]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">21</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFB0CFC05FB4A" box="[798,912,1221,1276]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">23</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFB0CFC68FB4A" box="[942,1021,1221,1276]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">18</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FB0CFBE2FB4A" box="[1064,1143,1221,1276]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">20</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFB0CFA9AFB4A" box="[1181,1295,1221,1276]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">24</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FB0CFA16FB4A" box="[1333,1411,1221,1276]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FAC2FA16FAF7" box="[163,1411,1291,1345]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FAC2FEDEFAF7" box="[163,331,1291,1345]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Inner teeth in upper jaw</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FAC2FE4DFAF7" box="[359,472,1291,1345]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FAC2FDF6FAF7" box="[512,611,1291,1345]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFAC2FD6AFAF7" box="[653,767,1291,1345]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFAC2FC05FAF7" box="[798,912,1291,1345]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFAC2FC68FAF7" box="[942,1021,1291,1345]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FAC2FBE2FAF7" box="[1064,1143,1291,1345]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFAC2FA9AFAF7" box="[1181,1295,1291,1345]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FAC2FA16FAF7" box="[1333,1411,1291,1345]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FA99FA16FA31" box="[163,1411,1360,1415]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FA99FEDEFA31" box="[163,331,1360,1415]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Outer teeth in lower jaw</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FA99FE4DFA31" box="[359,472,1360,1415]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">27</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FA99FDF6FA31" box="[512,611,1360,1415]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">19</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFA99FD6AFA31" box="[653,767,1360,1415]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">27</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFA99FC05FA31" box="[798,912,1360,1415]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">27</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFA99FC68FA31" box="[942,1021,1360,1415]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">22</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FA99FBE2FA31" box="[1064,1143,1360,1415]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">25</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFA99FA9AFA31" box="[1181,1295,1360,1415]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">27</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FA99FA16FA31" box="[1333,1411,1360,1415]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">23</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4257000EC4D3FA5FFA16FA7A" box="[163,1411,1430,1484]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<th id="2D0D3C374257000EC4D3FA5FFEDEFA7A" box="[163,331,1430,1484]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Inner teeth in lower jaw</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC517FA5FFE4DFA7A" box="[359,472,1430,1484]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC670FA5FFDF6FA7A" box="[512,611,1430,1484]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC6FDFA5FFD6AFA7A" box="[653,767,1430,1484]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC76EFA5FFC05FA7A" box="[798,912,1430,1484]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0*</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC7DEFA5FFC68FA7A" box="[942,1021,1430,1484]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC058FA5FFBE2FA7A" box="[1064,1143,1430,1484]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC0EDFA5FFA9AFA7A" box="[1181,1295,1430,1484]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374257000EC145FA5FFA16FA7A" box="[1333,1411,1430,1484]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">0</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D05357094257FFF7C4E7FA12FDA9FA45" blockId="6.[151,572,1498,1523]" box="[151,572,1498,1523]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<tableNote id="2D0A56874257FFF7C4E7FA12FDA9FA45" box="[151,572,1498,1523]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" targetBox="[163,1411,643,1484]" targetPageId="6">* 1 tooth offset from main series of teeth.</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D05357094257FFF7C4B7F9D5FCA3F9C8" blockId="6.[151,1437,1564,2022]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C4B7F9D5FE4EF980" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[199,475,1564,1590]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C4B7F9D5FE4EF980" box="[199,475,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Mephisto fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the diagnostic characters of the
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C71BF9D5FBB5F980" box="[875,1056,1564,1590]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Triacanthodinae">Triacanthodinae</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="48D74B8C4257FFF7C05EF9D5FBE4F980" box="[1070,1137,1564,1590]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1750,1775]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1725]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Micro-CT scan of Mephisto fraserbrunneri, ZMH 5629, 66.0 mm SL, showing subfamilial characters. A. Lateral view, highlighting extent of pelvis. B. Ventral view showing flat, scale-covered pelvis that tapers to a point posteriorly, much wider anteriorly between the pelvic spines than posteriorly. C. Dorsal view of the rear of the skull showing the flattened supraoccipital (yellow) and its low crest, with the supraoccipital not separating the epioccipitals (gray) on the dorsal surface of the skull. D. Oblique view of the rear of the skull highlighting the median, narrow, supraoccipital crest located in the middle of the supraoccipital." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991955/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C0F6F9D5FA09F980" authorityName="Matsuura, Psomadakis, and Mya Than Tun" authorityYear="2018" box="[1158,1436,1564,1590]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albomaculosus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C0F6F9D5FA09F980" box="[1158,1436,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Mephisto albomaculosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the pelvic characters of triacanthodins, but the shape of its supraoccipital and its articulation with the epioccipitals is not known; presumably it is typical of triacanthodins.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="98F604824257FFF7C4B7F941FF66F8B8" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D05357094257FFF7C4B7F941FF66F8B8" blockId="6.[151,1437,1564,2022]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C4B7F941FED4F914" bold="true" box="[199,321,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C5BBF941FDA6F914" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[459,563,1672,1698]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C5BBF941FDA6F914" box="[459,563,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Mephisto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from all other triacanthodids by a long gill opening (13.5 17.6% SL;
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24257FFF7C566F965FEFFF970" box="[278,362,1708,1734]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,239,906,930]" captionText="TABLE 3. Morphometric data from eight examined specimens of Mephisto fraserbrunneri. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study. Asterisk indicates data taken from Sheherbachev et al. (1986)." pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Table 3</tableCitation>
), with its lower edge reaching slightly below the lower edge of the lobe of the pectoral-fin base (
<figureCitation id="48D74B8C4257FFF7C4D0F919FF6CF95C" box="[160,249,1744,1770]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1450,1475]" captionTargetBox="[152,1437,952,1425]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1437,951,1425]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Mephisto fraserbrunneri, University of Kerala DABFUK/FI/301, 64.5 mm SL. A. Specimen in alcohol. White arrows indicate the length of the gill opening, which is the diagnostic character for Mephisto. B. Radiograph of same specimen. Images by Sandra Raredon." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991957/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
; see
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84257FFF7C55EF919FE27F95C" author="Tyler, J. C." box="[302,434,1744,1770]" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 364" refId="ref10513" refString="Tyler, J. C. (1968) A monograph on plectognath fishes of the Superfamily Triacanthoidea. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Monograph 16, 1 - 364." type="journal article" year="1968">Tyler, 1968</bibRefCitation>
: figs. 137, 150, 164, 173 for comparisons of length of gill opening across ontogeny for all genera).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="98F604824257FFF6C4B7F8D1FA05F850" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" type="description">
<paragraph id="D05357094257FFF6C4B7F8D1FCE5FD3E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1564,2022]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,153,863]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C4B7F8D1FEC1F884" bold="true" box="[199,340,1816,1842]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">Description.</emphasis>
(1) Pelvis thin and basin-like, its ventral surface flat but with slightly upturned edges; width between the pelvic-fin spines moderate to somewhat narrowed (diagnostically different between the two species, with
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C4E7F8A8FEF1F8CC" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,356,1888,1914]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C4E7F8A8FEF1F8CC" box="[151,356,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">M. fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
10.612.1% SL and
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C62AF8A8FCBFF8CC" authorityName="Matsuura, Psomadakis, and Mya Than Tun" authorityYear="2018" box="[602,810,1888,1914]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albomaculosus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C62AF8A8FCBFF8CC" box="[602,810,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">M. albomaculosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
7.8% SL); pelvic width into the pelvic length 2.64.0 times (likewise diagnostically different between the two species, with
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C7BCF84CFB0FF828" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[972,1178,1924,1950]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C7BCF84CFB0FF828" box="[972,1178,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">M. fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
2.63.2 times and
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4257FFF7C10EF84CFEAAF874" authorityName="Matsuura, Psomadakis, and Mya Than Tun" authorityYear="2018" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="88" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albomaculosus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4257FFF7C10EF84CFEAAF874" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="88">M. albomaculosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
4.0 times). (2) Deep bodied (45.854.2% SL). (3) Short snouted (12.414.5% SL). (4) Long postorbital length (11.613.2% SL). (5) Six dorsal-fin spines decreasing gradually in length from the first to the short last spine, all visible externally (
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C5A0FF50FDB2FF05" box="[464,551,153,179]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,239,574,598]" captionText="TABLE 2. Meristic data from eight examined specimens of Mephisto fraserbrunneri. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study." pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Table 2</tableCitation>
). (6) Origin of the anal fin distinctly posterior to the origin of the soft dorsal fin. (7) Mouth terminal, with a moderate number of conical teeth (
<quantity id="1714FAEC4256FFF6C72CFF75FC54FF61" box="[860,961,188,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.334" metricValueMax="6.35" metricValueMin="4.318" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" unit="in" value="21.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="17.0">1725 in</quantity>
upper jaw and
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lower jaw;
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C12EFF74FF3DFF4D" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,239,574,598]" captionText="TABLE 2. Meristic data from eight examined specimens of Mephisto fraserbrunneri. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study." pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84256FFF6C4C5FF28FE3FFF4D" author="Matsuura, K. &amp; Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T." box="[181,426,225,251]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" pagination="30 - 33" refId="ref9958" refString="Matsuura, K., Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T. (2018) Mephisto albomaculosus, a new spikefish (Actinopterygii: Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthodidae) collected off Myanmar, Indian Ocean. Ichthyological Research, 66, 30 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 018 - 0642 - 7" type="journal article" year="2018">
Matsuura
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C557FF2BFEF4FF4D" box="[295,353,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
</bibRefCitation>
) in a single series with no teeth internal to them (one specimen of
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4256FFF6C0D3FF2BFAFAFF4D" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[1187,1391,225,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C0D3FF2BFAFAFF4D" box="[1187,1391,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">M. fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has one lower jaw tooth slightly offset posteriorly from the main row, but we do not interpret this as an internal tooth
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C4E7FEE3FF40FEF5" box="[151,213,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84256FFF6C4ADFEE0FE13FEF5" author="Tyler, J. C." box="[221,390,296,323]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 364" refId="ref10513" refString="Tyler, J. C. (1968) A monograph on plectognath fishes of the Superfamily Triacanthoidea. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Monograph 16, 1 - 364." type="journal article" year="1968">Tyler, 1968:58</bibRefCitation>
). (8) Few olfactory lamellae (911;
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C76EFEE0FCE0FEF5" box="[798,885,297,323]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,239,574,598]" captionText="TABLE 2. Meristic data from eight examined specimens of Mephisto fraserbrunneri. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study." pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84256FFF6C7F1FEE0FBEDFEF5" author="Matsuura, K. &amp; Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T." box="[897,1144,297,323]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" pagination="30 - 33" refId="ref9958" refString="Matsuura, K., Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T. (2018) Mephisto albomaculosus, a new spikefish (Actinopterygii: Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthodidae) collected off Myanmar, Indian Ocean. Ichthyological Research, 66, 30 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 018 - 0642 - 7" type="journal article" year="2018">
Matsuura
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C783FEE3FBB9FEF5" box="[1011,1068,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). (9) Moderate number of gill rakers (1519;
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C51CFE84FE54FED1" box="[364,449,333,359]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,239,574,598]" captionText="TABLE 2. Meristic data from eight examined specimens of Mephisto fraserbrunneri. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study." pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84256FFF6C5BDFE84FD55FED1" author="Matsuura, K. &amp; Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T." box="[461,704,333,359]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" pagination="30 - 33" refId="ref9958" refString="Matsuura, K., Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T. (2018) Mephisto albomaculosus, a new spikefish (Actinopterygii: Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthodidae) collected off Myanmar, Indian Ocean. Ichthyological Research, 66, 30 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 018 - 0642 - 7" type="journal article" year="2018">
Matsuura
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C64DFE87FDE0FED1" box="[573,629,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). (10) Pseudobranch with a moderate number of lamellae (1620;
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C4E7FEB8FF79FE3D" box="[151,236,369,395]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,239,574,598]" captionText="TABLE 2. Meristic data from eight examined specimens of Mephisto fraserbrunneri. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study." pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84256FFF6C487FEB8FE72FE3D" author="Matsuura, K. &amp; Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T." box="[247,487,369,395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" pagination="30 - 33" refId="ref9958" refString="Matsuura, K., Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T. (2018) Mephisto albomaculosus, a new spikefish (Actinopterygii: Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthodidae) collected off Myanmar, Indian Ocean. Ichthyological Research, 66, 30 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 018 - 0642 - 7" type="journal article" year="2018">
Matsuura
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C517FEBBFE0BFE3D" box="[359,414,369,395]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
</bibRefCitation>
), the lower edge of the base of the pseudobranch level with the upper edge of the lobe of the pectoral-fin base (
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C5D7FE5CFE6AFE19" box="[423,511,405,431]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,239,486,512]" captionTargetBox="[162,2017,556,1713]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 4. Qualitative characters for the eight examined specimens of Mephisto fraserbrunneri. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study. Asterisk indicates data taken from Shcherbachev et al. (1986)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/84930781425BFFFBC4E7FE2FFA28FDAB" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" tableUuid="84930781425BFFFBC4E7FE2FFA28FDAB">Table 4</tableCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84256FFF6C67AFE5CFD68FE19" author="Matsuura, K. &amp; Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T." box="[522,765,405,431]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" pagination="30 - 33" refId="ref9958" refString="Matsuura, K., Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T. (2018) Mephisto albomaculosus, a new spikefish (Actinopterygii: Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthodidae) collected off Myanmar, Indian Ocean. Ichthyological Research, 66, 30 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 018 - 0642 - 7" type="journal article" year="2018">
Matsuura
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C60AFE5FFD27FE19" box="[634,690,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). (11) Few spinules per scale, consisting of one large central spinule and smaller spinules dorsal and ventral to it that increase in number and branching during ontogeny; only a single spinule present in scales of smallest known specimens (DABFUK/FI/304,
<quantity id="1714FAEC4256FFF6C05FFE14FB01FE41" box="[1071,1172,477,503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.86" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="48.6">48.6 mm</quantity>
SL and ANSP 103314,
<quantity id="1714FAEC4256FFF6C4E7FDC9FF6EFDAD" box="[151,251,512,539]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.22" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="52.2">52.2 mm</quantity>
SL;
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C541FDC8FE12FDAD" box="[305,391,513,539]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,239,486,512]" captionTargetBox="[162,2017,556,1713]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 4. Qualitative characters for the eight examined specimens of Mephisto fraserbrunneri. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study. Asterisk indicates data taken from Shcherbachev et al. (1986)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/84930781425BFFFBC4E7FE2FFA28FDAB" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" tableUuid="84930781425BFFFBC4E7FE2FFA28FDAB">Table 4</tableCitation>
); some spinules are branched in large specimens (e.g.,
<figureCitation id="48D74B8C4256FFF6C781FDC8FBA1FDAD" box="[1009,1076,512,539]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1556,1581]" captionTargetBox="[152,1427,183,1516]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[152,1435,181,1531]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Mid-body scales of Mephisto. Anterior to left. AC Mephisto fraserbrunneri, USNM 350153, 105.8 mm SL. A. Patch of scales. White arrows indicate tips of bifurcate spinules at base of central spinules; black arrows indicate tips of central spinules. B. Single scale showing five spinules, including a central spinule with a bifurcate spinule at its base and both branched and unbranched dorsal and ventral spinules. White arrows indicate tips of single or bifurcate spinules; black arrow indicates central spinule tip. C. Illustration of single scale from M. fraserbrunneri to show relative length of spinules when viewed obliquely and for comparison with images B and D. D. Illustration of a single scale of M. albomaculosus, NSMT-P 132271, 94.4 mm SL. Illustration from Matsuura et al. (2018), reprinted with permission from the Ichthyological Society of Japan. Note, scale has been reflected so image faces left. In large specimens of both M. fraserbrunneri and M. albomaculosus the central spinule has a bifurcate branch. Apparent differences in shape of scale plates in parts C and D is because the regions of overlap are not shown in part D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991959" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991959/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
; USNM
<quantity id="1714FAEC4256FFF6C0E9FDC9FAFBFDAD" box="[1177,1390,512,539]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.501531057999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="3.501531058E8">350153, 105.8 mm</quantity>
SL, DABFUK/FI/
<quantity id="1714FAEC4256FFF6C546FDECFE48FD89" box="[310,477,549,575]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.021027" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="302102.7">302, 102.7 mm</quantity>
SL, and NSMT-P 132271,
<quantity id="1714FAEC4256FFF6C77FFDECFCE6FD89" box="[783,883,549,575]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.44" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" unit="mm" value="94.4">94.4 mm</quantity>
SL;
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C7D8FDECFC6BFD89" box="[936,1022,549,575]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,239,486,512]" captionTargetBox="[162,2017,556,1713]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 4. Qualitative characters for the eight examined specimens of Mephisto fraserbrunneri. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study. Asterisk indicates data taken from Shcherbachev et al. (1986)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/84930781425BFFFBC4E7FE2FFA28FDAB" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" tableUuid="84930781425BFFFBC4E7FE2FFA28FDAB">Table 4</tableCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B47D2AF84256FFF6C07AFDECFB6BFD89" author="Matsuura, K. &amp; Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T." box="[1034,1278,549,575]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" pagination="30 - 33" refId="ref9958" refString="Matsuura, K., Psomadakis, P. &amp; Tun, M. T. (2018) Mephisto albomaculosus, a new spikefish (Actinopterygii: Tetraodontiformes: Triacanthodidae) collected off Myanmar, Indian Ocean. Ichthyological Research, 66, 30 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 018 - 0642 - 7" type="journal article" year="2018">
Matsuura
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C00BFDEFFB21FD89" box="[1147,1204,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
, 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). (12) Retrose barbs on dorsal- and pelvic-fin spines (
<figureCitation id="48D74B8C4256FFF6C622FD80FD02FDD5" box="[594,663,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1750,1775]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1725]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Micro-CT scan of Mephisto fraserbrunneri, ZMH 5629, 66.0 mm SL, showing subfamilial characters. A. Lateral view, highlighting extent of pelvis. B. Ventral view showing flat, scale-covered pelvis that tapers to a point posteriorly, much wider anteriorly between the pelvic spines than posteriorly. C. Dorsal view of the rear of the skull showing the flattened supraoccipital (yellow) and its low crest, with the supraoccipital not separating the epioccipitals (gray) on the dorsal surface of the skull. D. Oblique view of the rear of the skull highlighting the median, narrow, supraoccipital crest located in the middle of the supraoccipital." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991955/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). (13) Pelvic fin with only one soft ray. (14) Small patch of isolated spinulose scales on middle of upper surface of dorsal lip (
<figureCitation id="48D74B8C4256FFF6C76DFDA4FCF7FD3E" box="[797,866,621,648]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1067,1092]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,415,1041]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,415,1042]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Micro-CT scan of jaws and dentition of Mephisto fraserbrunneri, ZMH 5629, 66.0 mm SL. Tooth loci with developing teeth are indicated with stars, and an eroding tooth is indicated with an E. A. Anterior view showing intraosseous tooth replacement in left and right premaxillae and dentaries. B. Lateral view of teeth developing intraosseously that are nearing eruption." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991961" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991961/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D05357094256FFF6C4B7FD59FED6FCE9" blockId="7.[151,1437,153,863]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C4B7FD59FC0CFD1D" bold="true" box="[199,921,656,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Geographic and depth distribution and physical environment.</emphasis>
Specimens and photographs of
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4256FFF6C179FD58FAE4FD1D" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[1289,1393,657,683]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C179FD58FAE4FD1D" box="[1289,1393,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Mephisto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known from the Indian Ocean from off
<collectingCountry id="A8FB17994256FFF6C62AFD7CFD23FD79" box="[602,694,693,719]" name="Somalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Somalia</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="A8FB17994256FFF6C6ACFD7CFCDCFD79" box="[732,841,693,719]" name="Myanmar" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="48D74B8C4256FFF6C729FD7CFC0BFD79" box="[857,926,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1829,1854]" captionTargetBox="[158,1430,715,1794]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,705,1803]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Distribution and habitat of Mephisto. A. All known records of Mephisto, including holotypes of M. fraserbrunneri and M. albomaculosus, non-type specimens of M. fraserbrunneri, and photographic records of specimens that were not retained. B. Detail of region in white box in part A highlighting collection localities on continental shelf off Somalia and Socotra, and Error Seamount (part of the Carlsberg Ridge). Bathymetric data from Smith and Sandwell (1997)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3991953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3991953/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), from
<quantity id="1714FAEC4256FFF6C783FD7CFBB8FD79" box="[1011,1069,693,719]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" unit="m" value="74.0">74 m</quantity>
to
<quantity id="1714FAEC4256FFF6C023FD7CFB0EFD79" box="[1107,1179,693,719]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.46" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" unit="m" value="446.0">446 m</quantity>
(
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C0DAFD7CFB6AFD79" box="[1194,1279,693,719]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1552,1576]" captionText="TABLE 1. Size, locality, and depth of collection for specimens and photographs of Mephisto spp." pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Preliminary analysis, based on World Ocean Atlas 2018, suggests that
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4256FFF6C74BFD10FC36FD45" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[827,931,729,755]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C74BFD10FC36FD45" box="[827,931,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Mephisto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in waters of 10.225.3°C and salinity of 34.0035.43 psu (
<tableCitation id="9D6E62B24256FFF6C5C0FD34FD9DFCA1" box="[432,520,764,791]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,239,616,640]" captionText="TABLE 5. Depth interpolated temperature and salinity from World Ocean Atlas 2018 1/4º Climatology (19552017) based on catch location. Dashes indicate data not available." pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Table 5</tableCitation>
); however, more specimens are needed to confirm this because both salinity and temperature ranges were expanded by photographic records of unretained specimens of
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4256FFF6C008FCEBFAD3FC8D" authorityName="Matsuura, Psomadakis, and Mya Than Tun" authorityYear="2018" box="[1144,1350,801,827]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albomaculosus">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C008FCEBFAD3FC8D" box="[1144,1350,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">M. albomaculosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4256FFF6C10EFCEBFEA9FCE9" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C10EFCEBFEA9FCE9" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">M. fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="849307814256FFF6C4E7FC43FCA4FC6B" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<paragraph id="D05357094256FFF6C4E7FC43FCA4FC6B" blockId="7.[151,1402,906,989]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C4E7FC43FE9FFC14" bold="true" box="[151,266,906,930]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
Morphometric data from eight examined specimens of
<taxonomicName id="17EC2C8A4256FFF6C72CFC42FBF6FC15" authorityName="Tyler" authorityYear="1966" box="[860,1123,907,931]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Triacanthodidae" genus="Mephisto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="89" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fraserbrunneri">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C72CFC42FBF6FC15" box="[860,1123,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Mephisto fraserbrunneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Dashes indicate data that could not be obtained because of specimen damage or specimen having been cleared and stained prior to this study. Asterisk indicates data taken from Sheherbachev
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C6D6FC0FFD49FC6B" box="[678,732,965,989]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">et al.</emphasis>
(1986).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D05357094256FFF6C4D3FBC3FAF4F829" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<table id="A2ECA5A94256000EC4D3FC25FA1AF80B" box="[163,1423,1004,1981]" colsContinueIn="8.[163,1410,237,1482]" gridcols="9" gridrows="13" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3FC25FA1AFBF6" box="[163,1423,1004,1088]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3FC25FEC3FBF6" box="[163,342,1004,1088]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C4D3FBC3FE87FB95" bold="true" box="[163,274,1034,1059]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Character</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FFC25FE74FBF6" box="[367,481,1004,1088]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C51FFC25FE20FB95" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">DABFUK/ FI/304</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DFC25FDF5FBF6" box="[509,608,1004,1088]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C58DFC25FDF5FBF6" bold="true" box="[509,608,1004,1088]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">ANSP 103314 Holotype</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DFC25FD7AFBF6" box="[637,751,1004,1088]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C60DFC25FD56FB95" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">DABFUK/ FI/303</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC778FC25FCEFFBF6" box="[776,890,1004,1088]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C778FC25FCDBFB95" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">DABFUK/ FI/301</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1FC25FC76FBF6" box="[913,995,1004,1088]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C7E1FC24FC51FB95" bold="true" box="[913,974,1005,1059]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">ZMH 5629</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CFC25FBC9FBF6" box="[1020,1116,1004,1088]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C78CFC25FBDDFB95" bold="true" box="[1020,1096,1004,1059]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">USNM 306629</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3FC25FB60FBF6" box="[1155,1269,1004,1088]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C0F3FC25FB5CFB95" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">DABFUK/ FI/302</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EFC25FA1AFBF6" box="[1326,1423,1004,1088]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C15FFC25FAEFFB95" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">USNM 350153</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3FB86FA1AFB33" box="[163,1423,1103,1157]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3FB86FEC3FB33" box="[163,342,1103,1157]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Standard Length (SL) (mm)</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FFB86FE74FB33" box="[367,481,1103,1157]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">48.6</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DFB86FDF5FB33" box="[509,608,1103,1157]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">52.2</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DFB86FD7AFB33" box="[637,751,1103,1157]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">64.2</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778FB86FCEFFB33" box="[776,890,1103,1157]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">64.5</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1FB86FC76FB33" box="[913,995,1103,1157]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">66.0</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CFB86FBC9FB33" box="[1020,1116,1103,1157]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">68.8</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3FB86FB60FB33" box="[1155,1269,1103,1157]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">102.7</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EFB86FA1AFB33" box="[1326,1423,1103,1157]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">105.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3FB5CFA1AFB7D" box="[163,1423,1173,1227]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3FB5CFEC3FB7D" box="[163,342,1173,1227]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Head length as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FFB5CFE74FB7D" box="[367,481,1173,1227]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">42.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DFB5CFDF5FB7D" box="[509,608,1173,1227]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">42.7%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DFB5CFD7AFB7D" box="[637,751,1173,1227]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">40.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778FB5CFCEFFB7D" box="[776,890,1173,1227]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">40.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1FB5CFC76FB7D" box="[913,995,1173,1227]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">40.5%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CFB5CFBC9FB7D" box="[1020,1116,1173,1227]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">39.5%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3FB5CFB60FB7D" box="[1155,1269,1173,1227]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">38.3%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EFB5CFA1AFB7D" box="[1326,1423,1173,1227]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">40.6%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3FB13FA1AFAA6" box="[163,1423,1242,1296]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3FB13FEC3FAA6" box="[163,342,1242,1296]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Snout length as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FFB13FE74FAA6" box="[367,481,1242,1296]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">13.4%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DFB13FDF5FAA6" box="[509,608,1242,1296]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">12.4%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DFB13FD7AFAA6" box="[637,751,1242,1296]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">14.5%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778FB13FCEFFAA6" box="[776,890,1242,1296]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">13.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1FB13FC76FAA6" box="[913,995,1242,1296]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">13.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CFB13FBC9FAA6" box="[1020,1116,1242,1296]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">12.5%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3FB13FB60FAA6" box="[1155,1269,1242,1296]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">13.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EFB13FA1AFAA6" box="[1326,1423,1242,1296]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">14.2%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3FAE9FA1AFAE0" box="[163,1423,1312,1366]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3FAE9FEC3FAE0" box="[163,342,1312,1366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Eye diameter as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FFAE9FE74FAE0" box="[367,481,1312,1366]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">16.5%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DFAE9FDF5FAE0" box="[509,608,1312,1366]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">17.0%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DFAE9FD7AFAE0" box="[637,751,1312,1366]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">16.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778FAE9FCEFFAE0" box="[776,890,1312,1366]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">15.0%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1FAE9FC76FAE0" box="[913,995,1312,1366]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">15.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CFAE9FBC9FAE0" box="[1020,1116,1312,1366]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">14.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3FAE9FB60FAE0" box="[1155,1269,1312,1366]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">14.6%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EFAE9FA1AFAE0" box="[1326,1423,1312,1366]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">15.9%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3FAAFFA1AFA2A" box="[163,1423,1382,1436]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3FAAFFEC3FA2A" box="[163,342,1382,1436]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Postorbital length as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FFAAFFE74FA2A" box="[367,481,1382,1436]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">12.6%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DFAAFFDF5FA2A" box="[509,608,1382,1436]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">13.0%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DFAAFFD7AFA2A" box="[637,751,1382,1436]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">11.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778FAAFFCEFFA2A" box="[776,890,1382,1436]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">13.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1FAAFFC76FA2A" box="[913,995,1382,1436]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">13.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CFAAFFBC9FA2A" box="[1020,1116,1382,1436]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">12.6%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3FAAFFB60FA2A" box="[1155,1269,1382,1436]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">11.6%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EFAAFFA1AFA2A" box="[1326,1423,1382,1436]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">12.6%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3FA62FA1AFA57" box="[163,1423,1451,1505]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3FA62FEC3FA57" box="[163,342,1451,1505]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Interorbital width as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FFA62FE74FA57" box="[367,481,1451,1505]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">8.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DFA62FDF5FA57" box="[509,608,1451,1505]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">7.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DFA62FD7AFA57" box="[637,751,1451,1505]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">7.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778FA62FCEFFA57" box="[776,890,1451,1505]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">6.4%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1FA62FC76FA57" box="[913,995,1451,1505]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">7.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CFA62FBC9FA57" box="[1020,1116,1451,1505]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">8.3%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3FA62FB60FA57" box="[1155,1269,1451,1505]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">7.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EFA62FA1AFA57" box="[1326,1423,1451,1505]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">7.4%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3FA38FA1AF991" box="[163,1423,1521,1575]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3FA38FEC3F991" box="[163,342,1521,1575]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Mouth width as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FFA38FE74F991" box="[367,481,1521,1575]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">8.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DFA38FDF5F991" box="[509,608,1521,1575]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">10.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DFA38FD7AF991" box="[637,751,1521,1575]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">8.0%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778FA38FCEFF991" box="[776,890,1521,1575]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">8.4%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1FA38FC76F991" box="[913,995,1521,1575]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">8.0%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CFA38FBC9F991" box="[1020,1116,1521,1575]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">8.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3FA38FB60F991" box="[1155,1269,1521,1575]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">8.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EFA38FA1AF991" box="[1326,1423,1521,1575]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">8.2%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3F9FFFA1AF9DB" box="[163,1423,1590,1645]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3F9FFFEC3F9DB" box="[163,342,1590,1645]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Gill opening length as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FF9FFFE74F9DB" box="[367,481,1590,1645]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">17.6%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DF9FFFDF5F9DB" box="[509,608,1590,1645]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">14.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DF9FFFD7AF9DB" box="[637,751,1590,1645]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">17.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778F9FFFCEFF9DB" box="[776,890,1590,1645]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">16.3%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1F9FFFC76F9DB" box="[913,995,1590,1645]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">13.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CF9FFFBC9F9DB" box="[1020,1116,1590,1645]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">14.5%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3F9FFFB60F9DB" box="[1155,1269,1590,1645]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">17.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EF9FFFA1AF9DB" box="[1326,1423,1590,1645]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">13.5%*</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3F9B5FA1AF966" box="[163,1423,1660,1744]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3F9B5FEC3F966" box="[163,342,1660,1744]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Snout to spinous dorsal-fin origin distance as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FF9B5FE74F966" box="[367,481,1660,1744]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">49.4%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DF9B5FDF5F966" box="[509,608,1660,1744]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">46.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DF9B5FD7AF966" box="[637,751,1660,1744]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">50.4%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778F9B5FCEFF966" box="[776,890,1660,1744]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">47.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1F9B5FC76F966" box="[913,995,1660,1744]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">46.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CF9B5FBC9F966" box="[1020,1116,1660,1744]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">48.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3F9B5FB60F966" box="[1155,1269,1660,1744]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">47.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EF9B5FA1AF966" box="[1326,1423,1660,1744]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">46.8%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3F916FA1AF8A3" box="[163,1423,1759,1813]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3F916FEC3F8A3" box="[163,342,1759,1813]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Body depth as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FF916FE74F8A3" box="[367,481,1759,1813]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">54.1%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DF916FDF5F8A3" box="[509,608,1759,1813]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">52.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DF916FD7AF8A3" box="[637,751,1759,1813]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">51.7%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778F916FCEFF8A3" box="[776,890,1759,1813]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">54.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1F916FC76F8A3" box="[913,995,1759,1813]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">53.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CF916FBC9F8A3" box="[1020,1116,1759,1813]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">53.3%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3F916FB60F8A3" box="[1155,1269,1759,1813]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">50.5%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EF916FA1AF8A3" box="[1326,1423,1759,1813]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">45.8%</td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3F8EDFA1AF8ED" box="[163,1423,1828,1883]" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3F8EDFEC3F8ED" box="[163,342,1828,1883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">First dorsal spine length as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FF8EDFE74F8ED" box="[367,481,1828,1883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">33.6%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DF8EDFDF5F8ED" box="[509,608,1828,1883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">30.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DF8EDFD7AF8ED" box="[637,751,1828,1883]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">35.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778F8EDFCEFF8ED" box="[776,890,1828,1883]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">34.4%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1F8EDFC76F8ED" box="[913,995,1828,1883]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">32.3%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CF8EDFBC9F8ED" box="[1020,1116,1828,1883]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">34.5%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3F8EDFB60F8ED" box="[1155,1269,1828,1883]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">33.9%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EF8EDFA1AF8ED" box="[1326,1423,1828,1883]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="89"></td>
</tr>
<tr id="6EDC554B4256000EC4D3F8A3FA1AF80B" box="[163,1423,1898,1981]" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<th id="2D0D3C374256000EC4D3F8A3FEC3F80B" box="[163,342,1898,1981]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">Second dorsal spine length as % SL</th>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC51FF8A3FE74F80B" box="[367,481,1898,1981]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">28.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC58DF8A3FDF5F80B" box="[509,608,1898,1981]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">26.2%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC60DF8A3FD7AF80B" box="[637,751,1898,1981]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">31.6%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC778F8A3FCEFF80B" box="[776,890,1898,1981]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">30.4%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC7E1F8A3FC76F80B" box="[913,995,1898,1981]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">27.6%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC78CF8A3FBC9F80B" box="[1020,1116,1898,1981]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">27.8%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC0F3F8A3FB60F80B" box="[1155,1269,1898,1981]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">30.3%</td>
<td id="2D0D3C374256000EC15EF8A3FA1AF80B" box="[1326,1423,1898,1981]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="89"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D05357094256FFF6C017F807FA05F850" blockId="7.[1127,1424,1998,2022]" box="[1127,1424,1998,2022]" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="E2988B1B4256FFF6C017F807FA05F850" box="[1127,1424,1998,2022]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="89">...Continued on the next page</emphasis>
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