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<mods:title id="D507739EBDE42538862DC950ED0336F0">Revision of the Bark Beetle Genera Within the Former Cryphalini (Curculionidae: Scolytinae)</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC885888FC53FE2F" box="[818,933,392,415]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Cryphalus</emphasis>
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<figureCitation id="0CCB2E922831FF9AFB3C5889FAF7FE10" box="[1158,1281,393,416]" captionStart-0="Figure 10" captionStart-1="Figure 11" captionStart-2="Figure 12" captionStartId-0="16.[146,197,1877,1894]" captionStartId-1="17.[146,197,1472,1489]" captionStartId-2="18.[146,197,1878,1895]" captionTargetBox-0="[265,1325,155,1833]" captionTargetBox-1="[155,1435,149,1436]" captionTargetBox-2="[217,1371,148,1843]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@16.[250,1338,145,1841]" captionTargetId-1="figure-234@17.[152,1435,147,1437]" captionTargetId-2="figure-2@18.[217,1371,147,1843]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionText-0="Figure 10. Images of Cryphalus spp.: Dorsal and lateral photographs of A) C. asperatus, B) C. bicolor, C) C. dorsalis, D) C. kesiyae, E) C. amplicollis, F) C. meridionalis." captionText-1="Figure 11. Images of Cryphalus spp.: Dorsal and lateral photographs of A) C. ozopemoides, B) C. nr. piceus. Eye, antennae, and frons of C) C. kesiyae and D) C. mangiferae." captionText-2="Figure 12. Images of Cryphalus spp.: Aedeagus of A) Cryphalus asperatus, B) C. keysiae, C) C. mangiferae. Proventriculus of D) C. asperatus, E) C. dorsalis, F) C. mangiferae, and G) C. ozopemoides." pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Figs. 10–12</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC8458C9FC2FFE6D" box="[830,985,457,477]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pseudocryphalus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC8458E7FB96FE4B" ID-CoL="8HRR2" authority="Bedel, 1888: 398" authorityName="Bedel" authorityPageNumber="398" authorityYear="1888" box="[830,1120,487,507]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Taenioglyptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC8458E7FC4AFE4B" box="[830,956,487,507]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taenioglyptes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC7858E7FB96FE4B" author="Bedel, L." box="[962,1120,487,507]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="385 - 444" refId="ref48957" refString="Bedel, L. 1888. Faune des Coleopteres du Bassin de la Seine. Vol. VI. Rhynchophora. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr .. (6) 7 (4), Publication Hors Serie: 385 - 444." type="book chapter" year="1888">Bedel, 1888: 398</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845B05FC49FDA9" box="[830,959,517,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Cryptarthrum</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845B22FB8BFD86" author="Hagedorn, M." box="[830,1149,546,566]" page="355" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1912">
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<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845B22FC53FD86" box="[830,933,546,566]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Allarthrum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC115B22FB8BFD86" author="Hagedorn, M." box="[939,1149,546,566]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="351 - 356" refId="ref54591" refString="Hagedorn, M. 1912 c. Neue Borkenkafergattungen und arten aus Afrika (Col.). Deutsche Entomol. Z. 1912: 351 - 356, pls. 6 - 7." type="journal article" year="1912">Hagedorn, 1912c: 355</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845B40FB91FDE4" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[830,1127,576,596]" page="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1915">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC845B40FB91FDE4" ID-CoL="8HH8S" authority="Hopkins, 1915: 42" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityPageNumber="42" authorityYear="1915" box="[830,1127,576,596]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Dacryphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845B40FC45FDE4" box="[830,947,576,596]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dacryphalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC035B40FB91FDE4" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[953,1127,576,596]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref54792" refString="Hopkins, A. D. 1915. Classification of the Cryphalinae, with descriptions of new genera and species. United States Department of Agriculture, Report No. 99. Government Printing Office, Washington, New Zealand. 75 pp, 4 pls." type="book" year="1915">Hopkins, 1915: 42</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFBD65B40FB4AFDE4" bold="true" box="[1132,1212,576,596]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885B5EFB9BFDC2" blockId="15.[818,1376,428,863]" box="[818,1133,606,626]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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=
<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845B5EFB9FFDC2" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[830,1129,606,626]" page="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1915">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC845B5EFB9FFDC2" ID-CoL="8HG6M" authority="Hopkins, 1915: 38" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1915" box="[830,1129,606,626]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ericryphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845B5EFC45FDC2" box="[830,947,606,626]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ericryphalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC035B5EFB9FFDC2" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[953,1129,606,626]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref54792" refString="Hopkins, A. D. 1915. Classification of the Cryphalinae, with descriptions of new genera and species. United States Department of Agriculture, Report No. 99. Government Printing Office, Washington, New Zealand. 75 pp, 4 pls." type="book" year="1915">Hopkins, 1915: 38</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885B7CFB22FD3F" blockId="15.[818,1376,428,863]" box="[818,1236,635,655]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B4E015392831FF9AFC885B7CFB22FD3F" box="[818,1236,635,655]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
=
<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845B7BFB88FD3F" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[830,1150,635,655]" page="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1915">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC845B7BFB88FD3F" ID-CoL="8HFHZ" authority="Hopkins, 1915: 41" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1915" box="[830,1150,635,655]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Hypocryphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845B7BFC3DFD3F" box="[830,971,635,655]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Hypocryphalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC6B5B7BFB88FD3F" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[977,1150,635,655]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref54792" refString="Hopkins, A. D. 1915. Classification of the Cryphalinae, with descriptions of new genera and species. United States Department of Agriculture, Report No. 99. Government Printing Office, Washington, New Zealand. 75 pp, 4 pls." type="book" year="1915">Hopkins, 1915: 41</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFB3E5B7BFB22FD3F" bold="true" box="[1156,1236,635,655]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885B9AFB4DFD1D" blockId="15.[818,1376,428,863]" box="[818,1211,665,685]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B4E015392831FF9AFC885B9AFB4DFD1D" box="[818,1211,665,685]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
=
<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845B99FB93FD1D" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[830,1125,665,685]" page="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1915">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC845B99FB93FD1D" ID-CoL="8HLZ2" authority="Hopkins, 1915: 37" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityPageNumber="37" authorityYear="1915" box="[830,1125,665,685]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Margadillius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845B99FC44FD1D" box="[830,946,665,685]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Margadillius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC0D5B99FB93FD1D" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[951,1125,665,685]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref54792" refString="Hopkins, A. D. 1915. Classification of the Cryphalinae, with descriptions of new genera and species. United States Department of Agriculture, Report No. 99. Government Printing Office, Washington, New Zealand. 75 pp, 4 pls." type="book" year="1915">Hopkins, 1915: 37</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFBD15B99FB4DFD1D" bold="true" box="[1131,1211,665,685]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">syn. nov.</emphasis>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885BB7FBB4FD7B" blockId="15.[818,1376,428,863]" box="[818,1090,695,715]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B4E015392831FF9AFC885BB7FBB4FD7B" box="[818,1090,695,715]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
=
<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845BB7FBC8FD7B" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[830,1086,695,715]" page="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1915">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC845BB7FBC8FD7B" ID-CoL="8HPKS" authority="Hopkins, 1915: 39" authorityName="Hopkins" authorityPageNumber="39" authorityYear="1915" box="[830,1086,695,715]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Piperius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845BB7FC7FFD79" box="[830,905,695,713]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Piperius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC345BB7FBC8FD7B" author="Hopkins, A. D." box="[910,1086,695,715]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref54792" refString="Hopkins, A. D. 1915. Classification of the Cryphalinae, with descriptions of new genera and species. United States Department of Agriculture, Report No. 99. Government Printing Office, Washington, New Zealand. 75 pp, 4 pls." type="book" year="1915">Hopkins, 1915: 39</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885BD5FB57FCB6" blockId="15.[818,1376,428,863]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B4E015392831FF9AFC885BD5FB57FCB6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
=
<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845BD4FB52FD58" author="Balachowsky, A. S." box="[830,1188,724,744]" page="205" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1949">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC845BD4FB52FD58" authority="Balachowsky, 1949: 205" authorityName="Balachowsky" authorityPageNumber="205" authorityYear="1949" box="[830,1188,724,744]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Toenioglyptes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845BD4FC4BFD58" box="[830,957,724,744]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Toenioglyptes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC785BD4FB52FD58" author="Balachowsky, A. S." box="[962,1188,724,744]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref48370" refString="Balachowsky, A. S. 1949. Faune de France 50 Coleopteres: Scolytides. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France. 320 pp." type="book" year="1949">Balachowsky, 1949: 205</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(unavailable name). =
<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845BF2FB68FCB6" author="Murayama, J." box="[830,1182,754,774]" page="934" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1958">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC845BF2FB68FCB6" ID-CoL="8HJD2" authority="Murayama, 1958: 934" authorityName="Murayama" authorityPageNumber="934" authorityYear="1958" box="[830,1182,754,774]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ernocryphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845BF2FC33FCB6" box="[830,965,754,774]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ernocryphalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC715BF3FB68FCB6" author="Murayama, J." box="[971,1182,754,774]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="927 - 936" refId="ref57448" refString="Murayama, J. 1958. Studies in the scolytid-fauna of the northern half of the Far East, IV: new genera and new species. Bull. Fac. Agric. Yamaguti Univ. 9: 927 - 936." type="journal article" year="1958">Murayama, 1958: 934</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885A10FB6BFCEF" blockId="15.[818,1376,428,863]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="B4E015392831FF9AFC885A10FB6BFCEF" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
=
<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845A0FFB8AFC93" author="Tsai, P-H. &amp; C-L. Li" box="[830,1148,783,803]" page="604" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC845A0FFB8AFC93" authority="Tsai and Li, 1963: 604" authorityName="Tsai and Li" authorityPageNumber="604" authorityYear="1963" box="[830,1148,783,803]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Acryphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845A0FFC50FC93" box="[830,934,783,803]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Acryphalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC115A0FFB8AFC93" author="Tsai, P-H. &amp; C-L. Li" box="[939,1148,783,803]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="597 - 624" refId="ref65784" refString="Tsai, P-H., and C-L. Li. 1963. Research on the Chinese bark-beetles of the genus Cryphalus Er. with descriptions of new species. Acta Entomol. Sin. 12: 597 - 624, 6 pls. [in Chinese and English]." type="journal article" year="1963">Tsai and Li, 1963: 604</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(unavailable name). =
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845A2DFC3CFCF1" box="[830,970,813,833]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Gugocryphelus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC745A2DFB56FCF1" author="Tsai, P-H. &amp; C-L. Li" box="[974,1184,813,833]" page="603" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC745A2DFB56FCF1" author="Tsai, P-H. &amp; C-L. Li" box="[974,1184,813,833]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="597 - 624" refId="ref65784" refString="Tsai, P-H., and C-L. Li. 1963. Research on the Chinese bark-beetles of the genus Cryphalus Er. with descriptions of new species. Acta Entomol. Sin. 12: 597 - 624, 6 pls. [in Chinese and English]." type="journal article" year="1963">Tsai and Li, 1963: 603</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(unavailable name). =
<treatmentCitation id="155114062831FF9AFC845A4BFB6CFCEF" author="Tsai, P-H. &amp; C-L. Li" box="[830,1178,843,863]" page="604" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1963">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC845A4BFB6CFCEF" authority="Tsai and Li, 1963: 604" authorityName="Tsai and Li" authorityPageNumber="604" authorityYear="1963" box="[830,1178,843,863]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Jugocryphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC845A4BFC37FCEF" box="[830,961,843,863]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Jugocryphalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC7F5A4BFB6CFCEF" author="Tsai, P-H. &amp; C-L. Li" box="[965,1178,843,863]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="597 - 624" refId="ref65784" refString="Tsai, P-H., and C-L. Li. 1963. Research on the Chinese bark-beetles of the genus Cryphalus Er. with descriptions of new species. Acta Entomol. Sin. 12: 597 - 624, 6 pls. [in Chinese and English]." type="journal article" year="1963">Tsai and Li, 1963: 604</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCEA619C2831FF9AFC885A8BFB78FC0D" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885A8BFC44FC2F" blockId="15.[818,1166,907,957]" box="[818,946,907,927]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC885A8BFC44FC2F" bold="true" box="[818,946,907,927]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="4B4B8CB52831FF9AFC885A8BFCA9FC2F" box="[818,863,907,927]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Type</typeStatus>
of genus
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885AA9FB78FC0D" blockId="15.[818,1166,907,957]" box="[818,1166,937,957]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC885AA9FB71FC0D" authority="Gyllenhal, 1813" authorityName="Gyllenhal" authorityYear="1813" box="[818,1159,937,957]" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Bostrichus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asperatus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC885AA9FC19FC0C" box="[818,1007,937,957]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Bostrichus asperatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F0614FE62831FF9AFC4E5AA9FB71FC0D" author="Gyllenhal, L." box="[1012,1159,937,957]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="2" refId="ref54355" refString="Gyllenhal, L. 1813. Insecta Svecica descripta a Leonardo Gyllenhal. F. J. Leverentz, Scaris [Skara], Sweden. [4] + 730 + [2] pp." type="journal article" year="1813">Gyllenhal, 1813</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DCEA619C2831FF9AFC885AE9FC62FB1F" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885AE9FC7AFC4D" blockId="15.[818,1442,1001,1199]" box="[818,908,1001,1021]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC885AE9FC7AFC4D" bold="true" box="[818,908,1001,1021]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="944F32172831FF9AFC885D07FC62FB1F" blockId="15.[818,1442,1001,1199]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="53F049942831FF9AFC885D07FC67FBAB" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1836" box="[818,913,1031,1051]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cryphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A684EE052831FF9AFC885D07FC67FBAB" box="[818,913,1031,1051]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Cryphalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from similar genera by the combination of emarginated eyes, sutures on the antennae clearly visible but without a septum, by the weakly bilobed third tarsal segments, the proventriculus with a large apical plate, and the aedeagus that has a tegmen sclerotized completing a ring, usually with two tegminal apodemes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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