treatments-xml/data/23/76/87/23768787FFD94425DFC2FF72FC28F812.xml

<document id="FCD8B2E9B13801BAEC227AAB79EEB669" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.656.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13213072" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1722614541709" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Croat, Thomas B., Cedeño-Fonseca, Marco &amp; Ortiz, Orlando O." docDate="2024" docId="23768787FFD94425DFC2FF72FC28F812" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.156.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 656 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.656.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Monstera guzmanjacobiae Diaz-Jimenez, M. Cedeno, Zuluaga &amp; Aguilar-Rodriguez, Phytotaxa" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="97" masterDocId="DF4FFFFFFFB94445DF4AFFECFFF8FFD2" masterDocTitle="Revision of Monstera (Araceae: Monsteroideae) of Central America" masterLastPageNumber="197" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="97" updateTime="1724418234311" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1920F6A1D0BC8DA6AA4BBD3E8BCE43C9">Revision of Monstera (Araceae: Monsteroideae) of Central America</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4338AA4BDE431C2805AE18F843DFF8E2">Croat, Thomas B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B4FAB3A2CBD8C4DD7B7ABB687F855F47">P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A. &amp; email: thomas. croat @ mobot. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1804 - 0532</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="830AA7F9016DEAE07EE9EC04E359709C" type="email">thomas.croat@mobot.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="46E12369D622E0D58C0DD42DE5E901CF">Cedeño-Fonseca, Marco</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C0BB39A4AAD8CAB272B8734460BC142A" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0119-0427</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="586FD9D51213D00D822A60938073A64C">P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A. &amp; Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Strasse 6 - 8, D- 14195 Berlin, Germany. &amp; Herbario Luis Fournier Origgi (USJ), Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apdo. 11501 - 2060, San José, Costa Rica. &amp; Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, Apartado 302 - 7050 Cartago, Costa Rica. &amp; email: marcovf. 09 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0119 - 0427</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="898CF7EA45B5B4F4B5787DF829F783E6" type="email">marcovf.09@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FD02723B0BB35F1B550D8A12B0A87064">Ortiz, Orlando O.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C157EB76DB16738E26C738D7A9FABD35" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7805-0046</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E22A93D34672442F372DC0121F8B4385">P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A. &amp; Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Strasse 6 - 8, D- 14195 Berlin, Germany. &amp; P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A. &amp; Herbario PMA, Universidad de Panamá, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama City, Republic of Panamá. &amp; P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A. &amp; Coiba Scientific Station (COIBA AIP), Clayton, Panama City, Panama. &amp; P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A. &amp; email: ortizopma @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7805 - 0046 * Corresponding author. e-mail: marcovf. 09 @ gmail. com &amp; P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C59EFC0A2DC84E84EBFA44A16DF22DF7" type="email">ortizopma@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="AE7E40BD2D7AD8B957AF8D2A867BDD47">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0E2B5D88BA8E31D7A47E143368A73089">2024</mods:date>
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24. 
<taxonomicName id="6CDF4D12FFD94425DFF7FF73FAFDFF6A" ID-CoL="9V6NG" authority="Diaz-Jimenez, M. Cedeno, Zuluaga &amp; Aguilar-Rodriguez, Phytotaxa" authorityName="Diaz-Jimenez, M. Cedeno, Zuluaga &amp; Aguilar-Rodriguez, Phytotaxa" box="[189,1285,158,185]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Monstera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guzmanjacobiae">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFF7FF73FE09FF6B" bold="true" box="[189,497,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Monstera guzmanjacobiae</emphasis>
Díaz-Jiménez, M.Cedeño, Zuluaga &amp; Aguilar-Rodríguez, 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DBD9FF72FAFDFF6A" box="[1171,1285,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Phytotaxa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
437 (1): 039– 046. 2020. (
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, 
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)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="E3C5651AFFD94425DFC2FEE2FBBFFE95" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AB603691FFD94425DFC2FEE2FBBFFE95" blockId="96.[136,1452,270,328]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFC2FEE2FF3AFEF1" bold="true" box="[136,194,270,291]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Type:</emphasis>
— 
<materialsCitation id="1BB73CCCFFD94425DF91FEE2FBBBFE95" collectingDate="2014-05-31" collectionCode="MO, MEXU, XAL" collectorName="La Palma &amp; Pedro Diaz Jimenez &amp; Valeria Guzman Jacob" country="Mexico" county="Municipio Catemaco" elevation="56" latitude="18.555832" location="Selva" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-95.05972" municipality="La Palma" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="D3C87601FFD94425DF91FEE2FEC4FEF1" box="[219,316,270,291]" name="Mexico" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="691BF873FFD94425DE0CFEE2FE67FEF1" box="[326,415,270,291]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty id="42014E1DFFD94425DEE0FEE2FD8FFEF1" box="[426,631,270,292]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Municipio Catemaco</collectingCounty>
, 
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<collectingMunicipality id="4B04ACEBFFD94425DDC9FEE2FD1AFEF6" box="[643,738,270,292]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">La Palma</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
, 
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alta perennifolia, 
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, 
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, 
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<elevation id="20F2D1A2FFD94425DBA8FEE2FAEFFEF1" box="[1250,1303,270,292]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="56.0">56 m</elevation>
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, 
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<collectingDate id="CF25E9B9FFD94425DA68FEE2FA5FFEF1" box="[1314,1447,270,291]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2014-05-31">31 May 2014</collectingDate>
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, 
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<collectorName id="062A5347FFD94425DFF7FEDEFE86FE95" box="[189,382,306,327]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Pedro Díaz Jiménez</collectorName>
&amp; 
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1305
</emphasis>
(
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!, 
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!, 
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!)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="AB603691FFD94425DFC2FE9AFED8FAEA" blockId="96.[136,1452,374,1985]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
Nomadic vine, appressed-climbing with pendent branches. SEEDLINGS: filiform. JUVENILE PLANTS: root climbers; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFB1FE76FEC6FE66" bold="true" box="[251,318,410,436]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">stems</emphasis>
smooth, light-green, dorsiventrally compressed; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DC3EFE76FC0AFE66" bold="true" box="[884,1010,410,436]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">internodes</emphasis>
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DCB6FE76FBABFE67" box="[1020,1107,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="6.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="4.0">4–8 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DBEBFE76FAF9FE67" box="[1185,1281,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
diam.; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DA16FE76FA53FE66" bold="true" box="[1372,1451,410,436]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">petiole</emphasis>
inconspicuous, 1.0– 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DE2DFE52FE4BFE0B" box="[359,435,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="2.5">2.5 cm</quantity>
long; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DEB1FE52FDBFFE0A" bold="true" box="[507,583,446,472]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">blades</emphasis>
obovate, cordate at base, short-acuminate at apex, coriaceous, 6–9 × 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DA1BFE52FA5FFE0B" box="[1361,1447,446,473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 cm</quantity>
, occasionally white spotted, completely appressed to the phorophyte; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DCE9FE0EFBC5FE2E" bold="true" box="[931,1085,482,508]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">fenestrations</emphasis>
absent. ADULT PLANTS: root climbers; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFBCFDEAFEC1FDF2" bold="true" box="[246,313,518,544]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">stems</emphasis>
dark green, scaly or with a light brown, thin and exfoliating epidermis, sometimes semiglossy, slightly with greenish pustules, rarely smooth, sulcate on one side; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DC75FDC6FC45FD96" bold="true" box="[831,957,554,580]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">internodes</emphasis>
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DC8DFDC6FBD4FD97" box="[967,1068,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="6.0">6–12 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DB31FDC6FB04FD97" box="[1147,1276,554,581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2.5 cm</quantity>
diam., 4.8–7.5 times longer than wide; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DED2FDA2FDE9FDBA" bold="true" box="[408,529,590,616]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">cataphylls</emphasis>
deciduous; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DDD0FDA2FCC9FDBA" bold="true" box="[666,817,590,616]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">anchor roots</emphasis>
brown; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DCC5FDA2FBE4FDBA" bold="true" box="[911,1052,590,616]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">feeder roots</emphasis>
beige and corky, up to 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DA6FFDA2FA92FDBB" box="[1317,1386,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="35.0">35 cm</quantity>
long; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFC2FD9EFF2FFD5E" bold="true" box="[136,215,626,652]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">petiole</emphasis>
matte-green, glaucous towards base, smooth towards the geniculum, striated at base, scarcely white-spotted, 15–25(30) cm long, sheathed up to 
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before or to base of the geniculum; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DCBEFD7AFB60FD62" bold="true" box="[1012,1176,662,688]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">petiole sheath</emphasis>
marcescent with fibrous fragments, apically prolonged as a ligule 1.5–3.0 cm long; geniculum light or dark green, smooth or striated, terete, 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DFC2FD32FEFFFD2B" box="[136,263,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="2.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="0.5">0.5–3.5 cm</quantity>
long, 0.4–1.0 cm diam.; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DD6DFD32FD8BFD2A" bold="true" box="[551,627,734,760]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">blades</emphasis>
chartaceous to subcoriaceous, ovate to broadly elliptic, cordate to semicordate at base, acute or acuminate at apex, 18–59 × 15–37(40) cm, dark green, glossy above and bright light green below, drying light brown above and dull green below; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DDB7FCCAFC69FC92" bold="true" box="[765,913,806,832]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">perforations</emphasis>
absent or present, 1–4 per side, oblong-elliptic, generally arranged in one side; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DEA2FCA6FDB2FCB6" bold="true" box="[488,586,842,868]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">margins</emphasis>
entire; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DDEAFCA6FD0AFCB6" bold="true" box="[672,754,842,868]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">midrib</emphasis>
sunken adaxially, prominent abaxially, 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DBE5FCA6FA54FCB6" bold="true" box="[1199,1452,842,868]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">primary lateral veins</emphasis>
5–9 per side, whitish and prominent abaxially, departing midrib at 65–70°; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DC96FC82FB62FC5A" bold="true" box="[988,1178,878,904]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">secondary veins</emphasis>
parallel and joined near the medial part of the blade to the margin. INFLORESCENCES curved or rarely erect, at an angle of 40–60°, on ascending or pendent stems, arranged in the axils of the leaves or into cataphylls; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DB46FC5AFB8FFC02" bold="true" box="[1036,1143,950,976]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">peduncle</emphasis>
green or yellowish, smooth towards the apex, with greenish-white pustules at base, 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DDBFFC36FCADFC27" box="[757,853,986,1013]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="5.0">5–20 cm</quantity>
long, 0.8–2.0 cm diam.; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DB26FC36FB42FC26" bold="true" box="[1132,1210,986,1012]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">spathe</emphasis>
obtuse or mucronate, light green or yellowish green during development, white to creamy internally and green-yellowish or yellowish externally at anthesis, cucullate, coriaceous, 15–19 × 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DDB8FBCEFC9EFBEF" box="[754,870,1058,1085]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 cm</quantity>
, marcescent after anthesis, without enveloping the spadix, up to 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DE54FBAAFEACFBB3" box="[286,340,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
longer than the spadix; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DD2BFBAAFD57FBB2" bold="true" box="[609,687,1094,1120]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">spadix</emphasis>
white during development, white-creamy at anthesis, 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DA41FBAAFA94FBB3" box="[1291,1388,1094,1121]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="12.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="8.0">8–16 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DFC2FB86FF24FB57" box="[136,220,1130,1157]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 cm</quantity>
diam., with a sterile flowered slender region towards base; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DC34FB86FB94FB56" bold="true" box="[894,1132,1130,1156]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">basal sterile flowers</emphasis>
with a transparent stigmatic secretion, 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DFB6FB62FEA2FB7B" box="[252,346,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
long; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DEEEFB62FDB3FB7A" bold="true" box="[420,587,1166,1192]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">fertile flowers</emphasis>
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DD19FB62FD49FB7B" box="[595,689,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
long; stamens 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DC17FB62FC43FB7B" box="[861,955,1166,1193]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.0">1–6 mm</quantity>
long, with laminar filaments; anthers 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DA26FB62FF4CFB1F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
long; ovary quadrangular in longitudinal section, ribbed, 4–5 × 3.5–4.0 mm; style pyramidal and conical, 3.5–4.0 × 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DFD4FB3AFEDFFB23" box="[158,295,1238,1265]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
; stigma linear, with a yellowish stigmatic secretion; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DC21FB3AFC47FB22" bold="true" box="[875,959,1238,1264]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">berries</emphasis>
with a green stylar cap during development, mature stylar cap yellowish-green; pulp white; 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DDDDFB16FD2DFAC6" bold="true" box="[663,725,1274,1300]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">seeds</emphasis>
pale yellow and brown, ovate-oblong, 6–9 × 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DB9BFB16FAC8FAC7" box="[1233,1328,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
; strophiole thick, yellow.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E3C5651AFFD94425DFF7FAAEFDB6FA77" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AB603691FFD94425DFF7FAAEFDB6FA77" blockId="96.[136,1452,374,1985]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFF7FAAEFE0AFA8E" bold="true" box="[189,498,1346,1372]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Distribution and ecology:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="6CDF4D12FFD94425DD44FAAFFCC3FA8E" box="[526,827,1346,1372]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Monstera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guzmanjacobiae">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DD44FAAFFCC3FA8E" box="[526,827,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Monstera guzmanjacobiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to the Los Tuxtlas region of 
<collectingCountry id="D3C87601FFD94425DA5DFAAEFA88FA8E" box="[1303,1392,1346,1372]" name="Mexico" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. It is known from the municipality of Catemaco between La Palma and the road between Tebanca and Miguel 
<collectingRegion id="691BF873FFD94425DA64FA8AFA73FA52" box="[1326,1419,1382,1408]" country="Mexico" name="Hidalgo" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Hidalgo</collectingRegion>
, at 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DFC2FA66FF29FA77" box="[136,209,1418,1445]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
, in a 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DE47FA66FE27FA76" box="[269,479,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Tropical wet forest</emphasis>
life zone.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E3C5651AFFD94425DFF7FA42FAAAFA1A" box="[189,1362,1454,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="AB603691FFD94425DFF7FA42FAAAFA1A" blockId="96.[136,1452,374,1985]" box="[189,1362,1454,1481]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFF7FA42FEBBFA1A" bold="true" box="[189,323,1454,1480]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Phenology:</emphasis>
—Flowering and fruiting was recorded in February, March, April, May, June and November.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E3C5651AFFD94425DFF7FA3EFD3BF8E2" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="AB603691FFD94425DFF7FA3EFD3AF98A" blockId="96.[136,1452,374,1985]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFF7FA3EFEBDFA3E" bold="true" box="[189,325,1490,1516]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Discussion:</emphasis>
—The species is member of sect. 
<taxonomicName id="6CDF4D12FFD94425DD9AFA3FFC78FA3E" authorityName="Madison" authorityYear="1977" box="[720,896,1491,1516]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" rank="section" section="Marcgraviopsis">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DD9AFA3FFC78FA3E" box="[720,896,1491,1516]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Marcgraviopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is characterized by the ligule of the petiole sheath 1.5–3.0 cm in length, the adult plant’s leaf blade with fenestrations (1–4 perforations) often only on one side or lacking fenestrations, the inflorescence erect or inclined, the flowers with a conical pyramidal style, the seeds with a yellowish color and with a thick yellow strophiole.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB603691FFD94425DFF7F98FFD3BF8E2" blockId="96.[136,1452,374,1985]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<taxonomicName id="6CDF4D12FFD94425DFF7F98FFE12F9AE" box="[189,490,1634,1660]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Monstera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guzmanjacobiae">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFF7F98FFE12F9AE" box="[189,490,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Monstera guzmanjacobiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="6CDF4D12FFD94425DDC9F98FFD06F9AE" box="[643,766,1634,1660]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Monstera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="luteynii">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DDC9F98FFD06F9AE" box="[643,766,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">M. luteynii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but this is endemic from 
<collectingCountry id="D3C87601FFD94425DB6DF98EFB5BF9AE" box="[1063,1187,1634,1660]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and has non-fenestrate blades and flowers with truncate style. It could also be confused with 
<taxonomicName id="6CDF4D12FFD94425DCC1F96BFBD7F972" authorityName="Lundell" authorityYear="1939" box="[907,1071,1670,1696]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Monstera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tuberculata">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DCC1F96BFBD7F972" box="[907,1071,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">M. tuberculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because both have pendent habit, although the latter has leaf blades two to three times smaller, rarely fenestrate, and the inflorescences are completely pendent (inclined between 40–60° and rarely erect in 
<taxonomicName id="6CDF4D12FFD94425DDA3F923FC30F93A" box="[745,968,1742,1768]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Monstera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guzmanjacobiae">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DDA3F923FC30F93A" box="[745,968,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">M. guzmanjacobiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Adult plants of 
<taxonomicName id="6CDF4D12FFD94425DBDAF923FA97F93A" box="[1168,1391,1742,1768]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Monstera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guzmanjacobiae">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DBDAF923FA97F93A" box="[1168,1391,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">M. guzmanjacobiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have leaf blades similar to those of pre-adult plants of 
<taxonomicName id="6CDF4D12FFD94425DDE7F91FFCB3F8DE" authorityName="Schott ex Engl." baseAuthorityName="Schott" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[685,843,1778,1804]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Monstera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="punctulata">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DDE7F91FFCB3F8DE" box="[685,843,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">M. punctulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, in this latter species, the fenestrations have varied sizes and some reach the edge of the blades.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E3C5651AFFD94425DFF7F8D6FC28F812" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AB603691FFD94425DFF7F8D6FC28F812" blockId="96.[136,1452,374,1985]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DFF7F8D6FDAAF886" bold="true" box="[189,594,1850,1876]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Additional specimens examined:</emphasis>
— 
<materialsCitation id="1BB73CCCFFD94425DD25F8D6FC34F812" collectingDate="2018-09-20" collectingDateMax="2019-02-25" collectingDateMin="2018-09-20" collectionCode="MEXU, UJAT, XAL" collectorName="La Palma &amp; P. Diaz-Jimenez &amp; M. M. Alarcon" country="Mexico" county="Municipio Catemaco" elevation="30" latitude="18.370277" location="Acahual" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-95.01556" municipality="La Palma" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave">
<collectingCountry id="D3C87601FFD94425DD25F8D6FD18F886" box="[623,736,1850,1876]" name="Mexico" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
. 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DDB9F8D6FC92F886" bold="true" box="[755,874,1850,1876]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<collectingRegion id="691BF873FFD94425DDB9F8D6FC9DF886" box="[755,869,1850,1876]" country="Mexico" name="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Veracruz</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCounty id="42014E1DFFD94425DC33F8D6FB89F886" box="[889,1137,1850,1876]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Municipio Catemaco</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectorName id="062A5347FFD94425DBCEF8D7FB03F886" box="[1156,1275,1850,1877]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<collectingMunicipality id="4B04ACEBFFD94425DBCEF8D7FB03F886" box="[1156,1275,1850,1877]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">La Palma</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
, 
<location id="AE00604AFFD94425DA47F8D6FA92F886" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:23768787FFD94425DFC2FF72FC28F812:AE00604AFFD94425DA47F8D6FA92F886" box="[1293,1386,1850,1876]" country="Mexico" county="Municipio Catemaco" latitude="18.370277" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-95.01556" municipality="La Palma" name="Acahual" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" stateProvince="Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave">Acahual</location>
(con elementos de selva alta perennifolia), 
<geoCoordinate id="CEEB5056FFD94425DD70F8B2FD3FF8AA" box="[570,711,1886,1912]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" precision="15" seconds="12" value="18.553333">18º33’12’’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="CEEB5056FFD94425DD9FF8B2FC9EF8AB" box="[725,870,1886,1913]" degrees="95" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-95.06139">95º03’41’’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DC39F8B2FC48F8AB" box="[883,944,1886,1913]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="30.0">
<elevation id="20F2D1A2FFD94425DC39F8B2FC48F8AB" box="[883,944,1886,1913]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="DF611051FFD94425DCF4F8B2FB67F8AA" box="[958,1183,1886,1912]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2018-09-20">
<collectingDate id="CF25E9B9FFD94425DCF4F8B2FB67F8AA" box="[958,1183,1886,1912]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2018-09-20">20 September 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DBE6F8B3FA54F8AA" box="[1196,1452,1886,1913]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<collectorName id="062A5347FFD94425DBE6F8B3FA9CF8AB" box="[1196,1380,1887,1913]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">P. Díaz-Jiménez</collectorName>
, et al.
</emphasis>
1427 (
<collectionCode id="CDCEAE54FFD94425DF9AF86EFED4F84E" box="[208,300,1922,1948]" country="Mexico" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15658" name="Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Herbarium">MEXU</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="CDCEAE54FFD94425DE71F86EFE7FF84E" box="[315,391,1922,1948]" country="Mexico" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14347" name="Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Herbarium">UJAT</collectionCode>
!); Municipio Catemaco, Tebanca, relicto de selva alta perennifolia, 
<geoCoordinate id="CEEB5056FFD94425DB37F86EFAF1F84E" box="[1149,1289,1922,1948]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" precision="15" seconds="13" value="18.370277">18º22’13’’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="CEEB5056FFD94425DA5CF86EFA5FF84F" box="[1302,1447,1922,1949]" degrees="95" direction="west" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-95.01556">95º00’56’’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="6C279B74FFD94425DFC2F84AFF29F813" box="[136,209,1958,1985]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="361.0">
<elevation id="20F2D1A2FFD94425DFC2F84AFF29F813" box="[136,209,1958,1985]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.61" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" unit="m" value="361.0">361 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="DF611051FFD94425DF97F84AFE5FF812" box="[221,423,1958,1985]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2019-02-25">
<collectingDate id="CF25E9B9FFD94425DF97F84AFE5FF812" box="[221,423,1958,1985]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" value="2019-02-25">25 February 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="99ABEA83FFD94425DEF8F84BFCD5F812" box="[434,813,1958,1985]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<collectorName id="062A5347FFD94425DEF8F84BFD9DF813" box="[434,613,1959,1985]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">P. Díaz-Jiménez</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="062A5347FFD94425DDC0F84BFCD5F812" box="[650,813,1958,1984]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">M. M. Alarcón</collectorName>
</emphasis>
1429 (
<collectionCode id="CDCEAE54FFD94425DC31F84AFC47F812" box="[891,959,1958,1984]" country="Mexico" name="Instituto de Ecología, A.C." pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="Herbarium">XAL</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>