216 lines
24 KiB
XML
216 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="9433912E00BC8155028251861545F78D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.12808389" ID-ISSN="1942-1354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12808389" ID-ZooBank="4583EB82-8B38-4601-9608-C479D027FC70" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1721837425166" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Young, Julia Janicki Daniel K." docDate="2021" docId="039AFF58FFDB221186D9F4ECC5A340CE" docLanguage="en" docName="InsectaMundi.2021.0891.1-61.pdf" docOrigin="Insecta Mundi 2021 (891)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592.4:InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleId="F9976E9B7F8A094D890004515A7A0592" docStyleName="InsectaMundi.2020-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Merhynchites bicolor" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFA38720FFC922028619F73AC03E424F" masterDocTitle="Survey of the Attelabidae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1721840566399" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="126D3AEBDBC7797FD611392908F0DC8D">
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<mods:title id="72F14E838E2F891D7CF58D7E4041500F">Survey of the Attelabidae of Wisconsin (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="77B2A3ED07ACECBEE6AF3F1A1393708B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="B0F0F2E46120A61DC64594E162C7A8E7">Young, Julia Janicki Daniel K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="62F9E59B333CC4740499168AD1266D71">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BD130C24A034950DF6EFF8BF499DF942">Insecta Mundi</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AC1F67713D3E318B8642455EF45606AE">
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<mods:date id="F8ED8766F449871FFC1E2AB8D452FB5D">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="610023E13D757AD4EF87C93A40B076B2">2021-11-19</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D91A1CE7773E9EE65655E8538F910E0D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="33BE67BA436D2932068977C7658A5CED">2021</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="39B89F2B13B481DD5262371EE573C944">891</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="58B8B299FE36A983DC4A770FCF2A2EFC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D42C253E9F2937C7ED9802D7094ECEA0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.12808389</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4ED681C946817BE1944D2380F3C73AE7" type="ISSN">1942-1354</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039AFF58FFDB221186D9F4ECC5A340CE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039AFF58FFDB221186D9F4ECC5A340CE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039AFF58FFDB221186D9F4ECC5A340CE" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C3291DC5FFDB221086D9F4ECC26441BC" box="[192,602,982,1011]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDB221086D9F4ECC26441BC" blockId="18.[192,602,982,1044]" box="[192,602,982,1011]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0C4F922FFDB221086D9F4ECC26441BC" box="[192,602,982,1011]" fontSize="12" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB221086D9F4ECC26441BC" ID-CoL="3ZTRS" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" box="[192,602,982,1011]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB221086D9F4ECC26441BC" bold="true" box="[192,602,982,1011]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB221086D9F4ECC1F941BC" bold="true" box="[192,455,982,1011]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Merhynchites bicolor</emphasis>
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(Fabricius)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3291DC5FFDB221086D9F4C0C176465B" box="[192,328,1018,1044]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDB221086D9F4C0C176465B" blockId="18.[192,602,982,1044]" box="[192,328,1018,1044]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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(
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<figureCitation id="130852CBFFDB221086D1F4C0C17E465B" box="[200,320,1018,1044]" captionStart="Figures 17–18" captionStartId="19.[192,279,1780,1806]" captionTargetBox="[369,1300,726,1673]" captionTargetId="figure-224@19.[309,1323,712,1716]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figures 17–18. Merhynchites bicolor (Fabricius). 17) Habitus, dorsal view. 189) Habitus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12808407" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12808407/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Fig. 17–18</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3291DC5FFDB221086D9F31EC1E54743" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDB221086D9F31EC1E54743" blockId="18.[192,1441,1060,1292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB221086D9F31EC1024671" bold="true" box="[192,316,1060,1086]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB2210875AF31FC2164670" box="[323,552,1061,1087]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB2210875AF31FC2164670" box="[323,552,1061,1087]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Merhynchites bicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished by the red prothorax, elytra and base of head, and by the larger size. It is very similar to
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB22108438F372C28C462E" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityYear="1979" box="[545,690,1095,1121]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wickhami">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB22108438F372C28C462E" box="[545,690,1095,1121]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">M. wickhami</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the western rose curculio, which has a more western distribution and is not known from
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<collectingRegion id="49F780ACFFDB221087D2F353C27A46CC" box="[459,580,1129,1155]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB22108457F353C30F46CC" box="[590,817,1129,1155]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB22108457F353C30F46CC" box="[590,817,1129,1155]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Merhynchites bicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be recognized by the base of the head that is red as opposed to black, by the elytral strial punctures that are larger than the interstrial punctures, by the wider eyes (
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<quantity id="4CCBE3ABFFDB221086D1F394C1554687" box="[200,363,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="0.13" valueMax="0.14" valueMin="0.12">0.12–0.14 mm</quantity>
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wide as opposed to
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<quantity id="4CCBE3ABFFDB22108450F394C2D74687" box="[585,745,1198,1224]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="0.085" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.07">0.07–0.10 mm</quantity>
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in
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB22108510F395C3A74687" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityYear="1979" box="[777,921,1198,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wickhami">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB22108510F395C3A74687" box="[777,921,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">M. wickhami</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), by the straighter rostrum, by the smooth elytral interstriae, and by the spiculum gastrale with the lateral margin bearing an acute, tooth-like process, which is absent in
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB2210875DF3C9C1E54743" box="[324,475,1266,1292]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB2210875DF3C9C1E94743" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityYear="1979" box="[324,471,1266,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wickhami">M. wickhami</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3291DC5FFDB221186D9F226C56243E7" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDB221086D9F226C2F74424" blockId="18.[192,1442,1308,1644]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB221086D9F226C16C4779" bold="true" box="[192,338,1308,1334]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Description.</emphasis>
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Length
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<quantity id="4CCBE3ABFFDB221087ADF227C2034778" box="[436,573,1309,1336]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5.5 mm</quantity>
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(head excluded). Integument black; prothorax, elytra and base of head red or reddish brown to light yellow. Head dull or shining, base of head red, apex usually black; surface with elongate punctures between eyes, interpuncture space weakly elevated, carinate at base of rostrum. Rostrum straight (more so in female), distinctly punctured, with 1 weakly elevated, longitudinal median ridge; longitudinally impressed basally in front of eyes. Eyes strongly convex. Pronotal width 1.1× length, widest at middle; broadly arcuate laterally, strongly converging to broadly rounded apex; disc distinctly convex, with moderate, impressed punctures, interpuncture spaces moderately shining, smooth. Elytral length 1.3× width, width at base 1.5–1.6× pronotal width; striae with large punctures; interstriae 1.5–2.0× strial width, smooth, with fine, erect, scattered setae. Pygidium densely punctured. Sexual dimorphism present in rostrum and legs: prothoracic coxae of male with round to oval, densely setose pits apically.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDB221086D9F146C5274550" blockId="18.[190,1442,1660,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB221086D9F146C14844D9" bold="true" box="[192,374,1660,1686]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Natural history.</emphasis>
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This species is commonly known as the rose curculio or the rose weevil as it is most often found on roses (
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB22108711F1A5C1E244F7" box="[264,476,1694,1720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB22108711F1A5C10344F7" box="[264,317,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Rosa</emphasis>
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Linnaeus spp.
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</taxonomicName>
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) as well as species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB221084D9F1A4C33B44F7" box="[704,773,1694,1720]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB221084D9F1A4C33B44F7" box="[704,773,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Rubus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; it can be an occasional pest of cultivated roses, blackberries, and raspberries. Larvae are recorded to develop in the hips of these plants and feed on the achenes. In
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<collectingRegion id="49F780ACFFDB2210833BF1FAC5A44495" box="[1314,1434,1728,1754]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
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, it has been reared from hips of Carolina rose (
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB221084A1F1DEC38244B2" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[696,956,1763,1789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carolina">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB221084A1F1DEC37244B2" box="[696,844,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Rosa carolina</emphasis>
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Linnaeus
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</taxonomicName>
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), smooth rose (
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB2210827CF1DEC50C44B2" authority="Aiton" authorityName="Aiton" box="[1125,1330,1763,1789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="blanda">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB2210827CF1DEC4D544B2" box="[1125,1259,1763,1789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Rosa blanda</emphasis>
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Aiton
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</taxonomicName>
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) and wild prairie rose (
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB22108756F03CC26E4550" authority="Porter" authorityName="Porter" box="[335,592,1797,1823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arkansana">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB22108756F03CC1C14550" box="[335,511,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Rosa arkansana</emphasis>
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Porter
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</taxonomicName>
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). It has also been found on rugosa rose (
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB22108209F03CC5334550" authority="Thunberg" authorityName="Thunberg" box="[1040,1293,1797,1823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rugosa">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB22108209F03CC4AB4550" box="[1040,1173,1798,1823]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Rosa rugosa</emphasis>
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Thunberg
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDB22118719F01DC3CD435D" blockId="18.[190,1442,1660,1926]" lastBlockId="19.[192,1440,214,274]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">
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There is much published on this species:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA233BFFFDB221084D6F01DC3A0450D" author="Chittenden FH" box="[719,926,1831,1858]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" refId="ref14562" refString="Chittenden FH. 1901. Some insects injurious to the violet, rose, and other ornamental plants: a collection of articles dealing with insects of this class. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology; Washington, D. C. 128 p." type="book" year="1901">Chittenden (1901)</bibRefCitation>
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reported on pest species including
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB22108329F012C59C450E" box="[1328,1442,1831,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB22108329F012C59C450E" box="[1328,1442,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">M. bicolor</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that are found on ornamental plants;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA233BFFFDB2210846CF070C329452B" author="Cooley RA" box="[629,791,1866,1892]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="107 - 112" refId="ref14613" refString="Cooley RA. 1903. Two insect pests. Montana Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin 46: 107 - 112." type="journal article" year="1903">Cooley (1903)</bibRefCitation>
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reported that
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB221085D9F071C40D452B" box="[960,1075,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB221085D9F071C40D452B" box="[960,1075,1866,1892]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">M. bicolor</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
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is an insect pest;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA233BFFFDB2210831EF070C59E452A" author="Lovett AL" box="[1287,1440,1866,1893]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="150 - 153" refId="ref15779" refString="Lovett AL. 1915. The rose curculio, Rhynchites bicolor Fab., injures blackberry buds. Reports of the Department of Entomology, Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin: 150 - 153." type="book chapter" year="1915">Lovett (1915)</bibRefCitation>
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reported that
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB22108740F057C1F745C9" box="[345,457,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
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<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB22108740F057C1F745C9" box="[345,457,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">M. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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injures blackberry buds;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA233BFFFDB221084FAF056C39945C9" author="Robertson HA" box="[739,935,1900,1926]" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" pagination="12 - 16" refId="ref16159" refString="Robertson HA. 1923. The rose curculio in Manitoba with notes on other insects affecting roses. Annual Reports of the Entomological Society of Ontario 54: 12 - 16." type="journal article" year="1923">Robertson (1923)</bibRefCitation>
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investigated
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<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDB22108223F057C49445C9" box="[1082,1194,1900,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDB22108223F057C49445C9" box="[1082,1194,1900,1926]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">M. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F780ACFFDB221082D4F056C50745C9" box="[1229,1337,1900,1926]" country="Canada" name="Manitoba" pageId="18" pageNumber="17">Manitoba</collectingRegion>
|
||
and how it affected roses;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA233BFFFDA22118761F7ECC22C42BE" author="Balduf VW" box="[376,530,214,241]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" refId="ref14386" refString="Balduf VW. 1959. Obligatory and facultative insects in rose hips, their recognition and bionomics. Illinois Biological Monographs No. 26. University of Illinois Press; Urbana, IL. 194 p." type="book" year="1959">Balduf (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported on insects including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDA2211857CF7EDC3EB42BF" box="[869,981,214,240]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDA2211857CF7EDC3EB42BF" box="[869,981,214,240]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">M. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that are associated with rose hips; finally,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA233BFFFDA221186D9F7CDC22F435E" author="Hamilton RW & Kuritsky SS" box="[192,529,247,273]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="189 - 195" refId="ref15437" refString="Hamilton RW, Kuritsky SS. 1981. Description of the larva and pupa of Merhynchites bicolor (Fabricius). (Coleoptera: Rhynchitidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 35: 189 - 195." type="journal article" year="1981">Hamilton and Kuritsky (1981)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the larva and pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3335CDFFDA22118567F7C2C3D3435E" box="[894,1005,247,273]" class="Insecta" family="Attelabidae" genus="Merhynchites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDA22118567F7C2C3D3435E" box="[894,1005,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">M. bicolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDA221186D9F61BC5794374" blockId="19.[192,1351,289,315]" box="[192,1351,289,315]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDA221186D9F61BC17C4374" bold="true" box="[192,322,289,315]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Phenology.</emphasis>
|
||
In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F780ACFFDA2211877EF61BC1E14374" box="[359,479,289,315]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
, adults have been collected from April to August, with a peak in June and July.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDA221186D9F670C56243E7" blockId="19.[191,1442,330,424]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDA221186D9F670C190432A" bold="true" box="[192,430,330,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Collecting methods.</emphasis>
|
||
During this study, 239
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F780ACFFDA221184A3F670C30E432B" box="[698,816,330,356]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens were examined from 27 counties, forming a total of 28 county records. This species is most commonly hand-collected from wild roses. It is also often collected by sweeping roses, sweeping fields where roses are present, or by rearing from hips of various rose species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3291DC5FFDA221186D9F68DC5A340CE" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDA221186D9F68DC51C43BC" blockId="19.[192,1440,439,499]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDA221186D9F68DC165439E" bold="true" box="[192,347,439,465]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDA22118778F68DC1C6439D" box="[353,504,439,466]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3240EDEFFDA22118778F68DC1CA439D" box="[353,500,439,466]" name="United States of America" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
AB, AZ, CA, CO, CT, DC, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, ME, MI, MO, MT, ND, NE, NH, NJ, NV, NY, OH, OR, PA, RI, SC, SD, UT, VA, WA, WI, WV, WY.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDA2211821DF6E3C45C43BC" box="[1028,1122,473,499]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3240EDEFFDA2211821DF6E3C46043BC" box="[1028,1118,473,499]" name="Canada" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
BC, MB, NF, SK.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C4E4EFFDA221186D9F538C5A340CE" blockId="19.[192,1441,514,642]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947925CFFDA221186D9F538C1C74052" bold="true" box="[192,505,514,541]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F780ACFFDA221186D9F538C1054053" box="[192,315,514,540]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
county records.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
This species was previously recorded from Barron, Crawford, and Kenosha counties (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA233BFFFDA221186ECF51EC21B4071" author="O'Brien CW & Wibmer GJ" box="[245,549,548,574]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" pagination="1 - 382" refId="ref16000" refString="O'Brien CW, Wibmer GJ. 1982. Weevils of North America. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 34: i - ix, 1 - 382." type="journal article" year="1982">O’Brien and Wibmer 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA233BFFFDA22118428F51EC3704071" author="Downie NM & Arnett RH" box="[561,846,548,574]" pageId="19" pageNumber="18" refId="ref14663" refString="Downie NM, Arnett RH Jr. 1996. The beetles of northeastern North America. Vol II. Polyphaga: Series Bostrichiformia through Curculionoidea. The Sandhill Crane Press; Gainesville, FL. 1721 p." type="book" year="1996">Downie and Arnett 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Ashland, Barron, Brown, Burnett, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Douglas, Grant, Green,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49F780ACFFDA2211843BF57CC264402F" box="[546,602,582,608]" country="United States of America" name="Iowa" pageId="19" pageNumber="18">Iowa</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Jackson, Jefferson, Kenosha, Manitowoc, Marathon, Marinette, Marquette, Milwaukee, Monroe, Polk, Portage, Racine, Richland, Sauk, St. Croix, Waukesha, Waushara, Winnebago, Wood.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |