treatments-xml/data/92/60/87/926087BC1601FFE5FF1DFF3BFC71FD39.xml
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<document id="FBBC0189B196B58564B39E0FB7124EAD" ID-CLB-Dataset="6391" ID-DOI="10.5252/g2014n4a3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="348e847c-f4e9-4aec-9917-b8b894a85e71" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4538596" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613150756234" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zágoršek, Kamil &amp; Gordon, Dennis P." docDate="2014" docId="926087BC1601FFE5FF1DFF3BFC71FD39" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.36.4.541-564.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 36 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2014n4a3" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36.3:Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Lepralia pedicularis Stoliczka 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="552" masterDocId="6E59FFC4160AFFEEFFB3FFE3FFD9FF97" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Oligocene bryozoan taxa described by Stoliczka (1862), with the description of a new genus of Bryocryptellidae" masterLastPageNumber="564" masterPageNumber="541" pageNumber="552" updateTime="1698929451317" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="97A9B0FCFCBC28326AABC46D77DC4164">Revision of the Oligocene bryozoan taxa described by Stoliczka (1862), with the description of a new genus of Bryocryptellidae</mods:title>
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<treatment id="926087BC1601FFE5FF1DFF3BFC71FD39" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4837294" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182405760" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4837294" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:926087BC1601FFE5FF1DFF3BFC71FD39" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/926087BC1601FFE5FF1DFF3BFC71FD39" lastPageNumber="552" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
<subSubSection id="52D365211601FFE5FF1DFF3BFE12FE86" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1A7636AA1601FFE5FF1DFF3BFE12FE86" blockId="11.[174,586,215,305]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
<heading id="413E81C61601FFE5FF1DFF3BFE12FE86" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FF0AFF34FD99FF65" authority="Stoliczka, 1862" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1862" box="[185,576,215,242]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicularis">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FF0AFF34FE48FF65" bold="true" box="[185,401,215,242]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Lepralia pedicularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E584B5B1601FFE5FE2BFF3BFD99FF65" author="STOLICZKA F." box="[408,576,216,242]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" pagination="71 - 94" refId="ref13353" refString="STOLICZKA F. 1862. - Oligocane Bryozoen von Latdorf in Bernburg. Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 45: 71 - 94, pls 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1862">Stoliczka, 1862</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FE9FFF1BFE12FE86" box="[300,459,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">nomen dubium</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="52D365211601FFE5FEF8FEF4FE74FEA6" box="[331,429,279,305]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" type="description">
<paragraph id="1A7636AA1601FFE5FEF8FEF4FE74FEA6" blockId="11.[174,586,215,305]" box="[331,429,279,305]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
(
<figureCitation id="82F22A2F1601FFE5FEE0FEF4FE7CFEA6" box="[339,421,279,305]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[112,123,1067,1085]" captionTargetBox="[113,1209,215,1028]" captionTargetId="figure-34@10.[387,662,485,757]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — A, Adeonellopsis pulchra (Stoliczka, 1862) n. comb., lectotype showing arrangement of autozooecia; B, interior view of holotype of Lepralia pedicularis showing elongate zooecial chambers with mixed frontal shields and scattered lepralioid pseudopores; due to the very poor preservation and the absence any other characteristic features described here as “Lepralia pedicularis Stoliczka, 1862” nomen dubium; C-G, Stoliczkella subovata (Stoliczka,1862) n. comb.;C, general view of lectotype;D, detail of three autozooecia showing deeply immersed apertures and a proximal pair of frontal areolar pores;E, autozooecial aperture showing a Y-shaped denticle;F, autozooecial aperture showing spiraminal openings produced by fusion of lateral processes, proximal to which is a suboral avicularium; G, interior of the autozooecium showing umbonuloid surface and primary aperture with slightly convex proximal margin. Scale bars:100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4538606" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4538606/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52D365211601FFE5FFC2FEB3FDB3FEFF" box="[113,618,336,360]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1A7636AA1601FFE5FFC2FEB3FDB3FEFF" blockId="11.[113,618,336,360]" box="[113,618,336,360]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3AD911841601FFE5FFC2FEB3FDB3FEFF" box="[113,618,336,360]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
<treatmentCitation id="9B6810BB1601FFE5FFC2FEB3FE37FEFF" author="STOLICZKA F." box="[113,494,336,360]" page="84" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" year="1862">
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FFC2FEB3FE37FEFF" authority="Stoliczka, 1862: 84" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityPageNumber="84" authorityYear="1862" box="[113,494,336,360]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicularis">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FFC2FEB3FEF0FEFF" box="[113,297,336,360]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Lepralia pedicularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E584B5B1601FFE5FE83FEB3FE37FEFF" author="STOLICZKA F." box="[304,494,336,360]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" pagination="71 - 94" refId="ref13353" refString="STOLICZKA F. 1862. - Oligocane Bryozoen von Latdorf in Bernburg. Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 45: 71 - 94, pls 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1862">Stoliczka, 1862: 84</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 2, fig. 2.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="52D365211601FFE5FFC2FE63FE44FE25" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="1A7636AA1601FFE5FFC2FE63FE44FE25" blockId="11.[113,646,384,434]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
MATERIAL EXAMINED. —
<typeStatus id="C57288081601FFE5FEEFFE63FE6FFE0F" box="[348,438,384,408]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FE62FE63FD59FE0F" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1862" box="[465,640,384,408]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicularis">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FE62FE63FD59FE0F" box="[465,640,384,408]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Lepralia pedicularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, registered as 1862/0022/0053.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52D365211601FFE5FFC2FE35FDFCFC3C" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" type="description">
<paragraph id="1A7636AA1601FFE5FFC2FE35FEDBFE79" blockId="11.[111,647,470,939]" box="[113,258,470,496]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A7636AA1601FFE5FFC2FE16FDFCFC3C" blockId="11.[111,647,470,939]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Colony robust, erect, bifurcating, exteriorly heavily secondarily calcified and rather densely perforated by tiny pores, some of which are in linear series. Obvious autozooecial boundaries are lacking although very thin, faint lines may be indicative; no other exterior features are visible. Interior view of a fracture shows parts of several elongate zooecial chambers with undersides of mixed frontal shields excluding orifices; each shows the internal openings of sparsely scattered lepralioid pseudopores and a small oval umbonuloid area of planar-spherulitic microstructure, bounded by a ring scar and in the centre of which is a foramen. Interzooecial communications via simple, uniporous pore.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52D365211601FFE5FFC2FC32FF22FAF1" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="1A7636AA1601FFE5FFC2FC32FF0CFC7E" blockId="11.[111,648,977,1700]" box="[113,213,977,1003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1A7636AA1601FFE5FFC2FC13FF22FAF1" blockId="11.[111,648,977,1700]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
Ŋe internal opening surrounded by a small umbonuloid area of exterior skeletal wall is highly distinctive. Ŋe only other known example at the present time is a species of
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FEB8FBACFE41FBFE" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1884" box="[267,408,1103,1129]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Siphonicytaridae" genus="Siphonicytara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FEB8FBACFE41FBFE" box="[267,408,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Siphonicytara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gordon &amp; Taylor in press), from the Early Eocene of Chatham Island,
<collectingCountry id="62DE763A1601FFE5FFC2FB6CFEDAFB3F" box="[113,259,1166,1193]" name="New Zealand" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
, which has an identical arrangement. Insofar as all other examined species of
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FE4CFB4DFF36FB7F" authority="Busk, 1884" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1884" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Siphonicytaridae" genus="Siphonicytara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FE4CFB4DFD5EFB5F" box="[511,647,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Siphonicytara</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E584B5B1601FFE5FFC2FB2EFF36FB7F" author="BUSK G." box="[113,239,1229,1256]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" pagination="1 - 216" refId="ref11356" refString="BUSK G. 1884. - Report on the Polyzoa collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Part 1. - Ne Cheilostomata. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology 10 (30): i-xxiv, 1 - 216, 36 pls." type="book chapter" year="1884">Busk, 1884</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
have an ascopore, Gordon &amp; Taylor interpreted the foramen as technically a spiraminal opening and that the genus evolved from a fully umbonuloid ancestor, perhaps resembling
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FD9BFACEFD51FAD0" box="[552,648,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Beisselina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E584B5B1601FFE5FFC2FAAFFF2FFAF1" author="CANU F." box="[113,246,1356,1382]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" pagination="132 - 147" refId="ref11421" refString="CANU F. 1913. - Etudes morphologiques sur trois nouvelles familles de Bryozoaires. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France, ser. 4, 13: 132 - 147." type="journal article" year="1913">Canu, 1913</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="52D365211601FFE5FF3BFA8FFC71FD39" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="1A7636AA1601FFE5FF3BFA8FFC71FD39" blockId="11.[111,648,977,1700]" lastBlockId="11.[674,1211,216,686]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FF3BFA8FFE97FA11" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1862" box="[136,334,1388,1414]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicularis">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FF3BFA8FFE97FA11" box="[136,334,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Lepralia pedicularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
need not have belonged to a family
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FF0FFA6FFEB7FA31" ID-CoL="84KS6" box="[188,366,1420,1446]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Siphonicytaridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Siphonicytaridae</taxonomicName>
, however. Members of this monogeneric family were rooted in soft sediments and no known species has the same degree of robust secondary calcification.
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FED8FA08FE03F992" ID-CoL="84JTZ" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1884" box="[363,474,1515,1541]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="family">Adeonidae</taxonomicName>
is a much more likely family, members of which include wholly umbonuloid and wholly lepralioid frontal shields;no species has yet been found with a skeletally mixed shield but it is highly likely that such species exist. Based on external appearance, similar colonies are produced by several genera in Miocene of the Paratethys. Ŋe most similar is the non-spiraminate adeonid
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FBC8FF14FB55FEA6" ID-CoL="86RXV" authority="David &amp; Pouyet, 1974" authorityName="David &amp; Pouyet" authorityYear="1974" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonidae" genus="Schizostomella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="grinzingensis">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FBC8FF14FC53FEA6" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Schizostomella grinzingensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7E584B5B1601FFE5FC21FEF4FB55FEA6" author="DAVID L. &amp; POUYET S." box="[914,1164,279,306]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" pagination="83 - 258" refId="ref11599" refString="DAVID L., POUYET S. 1974. - Revision des Bryozoaires cheilostomes miocenes du Bassin de Vienne-Autriche. Documents des Laboratoires de Geologie de la Faculte des Sciences de Lyon 60: 83 - 258, 15 pls." type="book chapter" year="1974">David &amp; Pouyet, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, the branches of which are often heavily calcified proximally, gradually obliterating apertures and just leaving scattered pores and thin zooecial boundary lines as in
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FD11FE74FCF5FE27" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1862" box="[674,812,406,432]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicularis">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FD11FE74FCF5FE27" box="[674,812,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">L. pedicularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Similarly, spiraminate fossil
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FBD1FE75FBCBFE47" ID-CoL="4RSPZ" authority="(Johnston, 1847)" baseAuthorityName="Johnston" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonidae" genus="Reptadeonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="violacea">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FBD1FE75FD39FE58" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Reptadeonella</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FCB5FE56FC8CFE58" box="[774,853,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">violacea</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7E584B5B1601FFE5FCD0FE56FBD3FE47" author="JOHNSTON G." box="[867,1034,437,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" refId="ref12293" refString="JOHNSTON G. 1847. - A History of the British Zoophytes. 2 nd edn. John Van Voorst, London, Vol. 1, xvi + 488 p.; Vol. 2, 74 pls." type="book" year="1847">Johnston, 1847</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, as described by
<bibRefCitation id="7E584B5B1601FFE5FD17FE36FC97FE78" author="ZAGORSEK K." box="[676,846,469,495]" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" pagination="3 - 255" refId="ref13533" refString="ZAGORSEK K. 2010. - Bryozoa from the Langhian (Miocene) of the Czech Republic. Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, ser. B, Historia Naturalis 66: 3 - 255." type="journal article" year="2010">Zágoršek (2010)</bibRefCitation>
, also produced heavily calcified parts of multilamellar colonies in which some orifices and spiramina become almost completely obliterated. Species of
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FCAAFDD7FC7FFDD9" ID-CoL="84T6F" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1884" box="[793,934,564,590]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonidae" genus="Reptadeonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FCAAFDD7FC7FFDD9" box="[793,934,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Reptadeonella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, are all encrusting. Our conclusion is that
<taxonomicName id="DDC94D291601FFE5FC79FDB7FB56FDF9" authorityName="Stoliczka" authorityYear="1862" box="[970,1167,596,622]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="11" pageNumber="552" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="pedicularis">
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FC79FDB7FB56FDF9" box="[970,1167,596,622]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">Lepralia pedicularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a presently indeterminable genus of adeonid and the species is
<emphasis id="28BDEAB81601FFE5FCB4FD77FC78FD3A" box="[775,929,659,685]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="552">nomen dubium</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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