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<mods:title id="25D83AAB8239999BD8D8F800C5FEC579">Systematic revision of the North American velvet ant genus Invreiella Suárez (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) with description of eleven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C59B05FA47E5FCAAE6A503455D708FF8">Williams, Kevin A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6F6AE52BFC0CAA8B9A1E7058334A1C7E">Cambra, Roberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="FC94DDA6304FFF862BE5FB4554DDFAA0" box="[151,965,1266,1293]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B4318E2D304FFF862BE5FB4554DDFAA0" blockId="48.[151,965,1266,1293]" box="[151,965,1266,1293]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">
<heading id="EF793941304FFF862BE5FB4554DDFAA0" bold="true" box="[151,965,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" reason="1">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862BE5FB4554DDFAA0" bold="true" box="[151,965,1266,1293]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">
15.
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862BB1FB45543FFAA1" authority="(Cockerell &amp; Casad, 1894)" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell &amp; Casad" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[195,807,1266,1293]" class="Insecta" genus="Invreiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862BB1FB4556CCFAA0" bold="true" box="[195,468,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Invreiella megacantha</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862A91FB455406FAA1" author="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E." box="[483,798,1266,1292]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="293 - 296" refId="ref36241" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E. (1894) New species of Mutillidae. Entomological News, 5, 293 - 296." type="journal article" year="1894">Cockerell &amp; Casad, 1894</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, stat. resurr.
</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="FC94DDA6304FFF862BE5FA8055B5FA67" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="352FA83C304FFF862BE5FA805423FAE2" author="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E." box="[151,827,1335,1359]" page="294" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" year="1894">
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862BE5FA805423FAE2" authority="Cockerell &amp; Casad, 1894: 294" authorityName="Cockerell &amp; Casad" authorityPageNumber="294" authorityYear="1894" box="[151,827,1335,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862BE5FA805652FAE2" box="[151,330,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Sphaerophthalma</emphasis>
[sic]
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862AF6FA805518FAE2" box="[388,512,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">megacantha</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862975FA805423FAE2" author="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E." box="[519,827,1335,1359]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="293 - 296" refId="ref36241" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E. (1894) New species of Mutillidae. Entomological News, 5, 293 - 296." type="journal article" year="1894">Cockerell &amp; Casad, 1894: 294</bibRefCitation>
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[
<typeStatus id="6B35308F304FFF862835FA8054BAFAE2" box="[839,930,1335,1359]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(MADUG lost)]. Cameron 1895: 365; Cock-erell 1895: 60. Junior subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF8629D2FAE15399FAC3" authority="(Gerstaecker, 1874)" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[672,1153,1366,1390]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Pseudomethoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardinalis">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF8629D2FAE154B7FAC3" box="[672,943,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Pseudomethoca cardinalis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF8628CCFAE15362FAC3" author="Gerstaecker, A." box="[958,1146,1366,1390]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="299 - 328" refId="ref36738" refString="Gerstaecker, A. (1874) Mutillarum Americae meridionalis indigenarum synopsis systematica et synonymica. Archiv f ʾ r Naturgeschichte, 40, 41 - 77, 299 - 328. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 29638 # page / 49 / mode / 1 up and https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 29638 # page / 307 / mode / 1 up" type="journal article" year="1874">Gerstaecker, 1874</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
according to
<treatmentCitation id="352FA83C304FFF862E60FAE157E8FA21" author="Mickel, C. E." page="166" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862E60FAE157E8FA21" author="Mickel, C. E." pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="163 - 171" refId="ref38028" refString="Mickel, C. E. (1964) Synonymical notes on Neotropical Mutillidae (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy, 33, 163 - 171. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1964. tb 01635. x" type="journal article" year="1964">Mickel 1964: 166</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="B4318E2D304FFF862BB5FA24559CFA06" blockId="48.[151,1437,1335,1482]" box="[199,644,1427,1451]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="949EA903304FFF862BB5FA24559CFA06" box="[199,644,1427,1451]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862BB5FA2457D5FA06" box="[199,205,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">-</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="352FA83C304FFF862BBCFA245567FA06" author="Dalla Torre, K. W. von &amp; C. G. de Dalla Torre" box="[206,639,1427,1451]" page="60" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" year="1897">
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862BBCFA245567FA06" authority=": Dalla Torre 1897: 60" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityPageNumber="60" authorityYear="1897" box="[206,639,1427,1451]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862BBCFA245685FA06" box="[206,413,1427,1451]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Mutilla megacantha</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862AD8FA245567FA06" author="Dalla Torre, K. W. von &amp; C. G. de Dalla Torre" box="[426,639,1427,1451]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" refId="ref36404" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. von [as C. G. de Dalla Torre] (1897) Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonimicus. Volumen VIII: Fossores (Sphegidae). Guilelmi Engelmann, Lipsiae (Leipzig]), viii + 749 pp." type="book" year="1897">Dalla Torre 1897: 60</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4318E2D304FFF862BB5FA0555B5FA67" blockId="48.[151,1437,1335,1482]" box="[199,685,1458,1482]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="949EA903304FFF862BB5FA0555B5FA67" box="[199,685,1458,1482]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862BB5FA0557D5FA67" box="[199,205,1458,1482]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">-</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="352FA83C304FFF862BBCFA0555B1FA67" author="Andre, E." box="[206,681,1458,1482]" page="61" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" year="1902">
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862BBCFA0555B1FA67" authority=": Andre 1902: 61" authorityName="Andre" authorityPageNumber="61" authorityYear="1902" box="[206,681,1458,1482]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephuta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha" subGenus="Ephuta">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862BBCFA055601FA67" box="[206,281,1458,1482]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Ephuta</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862A5AFA055669FA67" box="[296,369,1458,1482]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Ephuta</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862AF2FA0556E4FA67" box="[384,508,1458,1482]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">megacantha</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862975FA0555B1FA67" author="Andre, E." box="[519,681,1458,1482]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref35074" refString="Andre, E. (1902 [&quot; 1903 &quot;]) Fam. Mutillidae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fascicle 11. L. Desmet-Verteneuil, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 77, pls. 1 - 3." type="book chapter" year="1902">André 1902: 61</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC94DDA6304FFF872BE5FA4F5620FD90" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B4318E2D304FFF862BE5FA4F5234F946" blockId="48.[151,1437,1528,2023]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862BE5FA4F56DFF9BF" author="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E." box="[151,455,1528,1554]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="293 - 296" refId="ref36241" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E. (1894) New species of Mutillidae. Entomological News, 5, 293 - 296." type="journal article" year="1894">Cockerell &amp; Casad (1894)</bibRefCitation>
described two new species of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862842FA4F54BDF9BF" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[816,933,1528,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mutillidae</taxonomicName>
based on material collected in
<collectingRegion id="764A40CF304FFF862E66FA4F5280F9BF" box="[1300,1432,1528,1554]" country="Mexico" name="Guanajuato" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Guanajuato</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="764A40CF304FFF862BE5F9AB560BF99B" box="[151,275,1564,1590]" country="Mexico" name="Distrito Federal" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Mexico by</collectingRegion>
Alfredo Dugès:
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862AAAF9AB5305F99B" authority="Cockerell &amp; Casad" authorityName="Cockerell &amp; Casad" box="[472,1053,1563,1590]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesii">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862AAAF9AB5586F99B" box="[472,670,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Sphaerophthalma</emphasis>
[sic]
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862994F9AB542FF99B" box="[742,823,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">dugesii</emphasis>
Cockerell &amp; Casad
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862F2EF9AB5625F9F7" authority="Cockerell &amp; Casad. Shortly" authorityName="Cockerell &amp; Casad. Shortly" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephuta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862F2EF9AB521CF99B" box="[1116,1284,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. megacantha</emphasis>
Cockerell &amp; Casad. Shortly
</taxonomicName>
after, two additional species,
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF8629E2F9F754BDF9F7" authority="Cockerell" authorityName="Cockerell" box="[656,933,1600,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prunotincta">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF8629E2F9F75428F9F7" box="[656,816,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. prunotincta</emphasis>
Cockerell
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF8628AFF9F75241F9F7" authority="Cockerell &amp; Casad" authorityName="Cockerell &amp; Casad" box="[989,1369,1600,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufosuffusa">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF8628AFF9F75360F9F7" box="[989,1144,1600,1626]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. rufosuffusa</emphasis>
Cockerell &amp; Casad
</taxonomicName>
, were also described from material collected by Dugès in
<collectingRegion id="764A40CF304FFF862998F9D35473F9D3" box="[746,875,1636,1662]" country="Mexico" name="Guanajuato" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Guanajuato</collectingRegion>
(Cockerell 1895;
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862F4FF9D35244F9D2" author="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E." box="[1085,1372,1636,1663]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="297 - 300" refId="ref36294" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E. (1895) Descriptions of new Hymenoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 22, 297 - 300." type="journal article" year="1895">Cockerell &amp; Casad 1895</bibRefCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="6B35308F304FFF862BE5F93F561CF90F" box="[151,260,1672,1698]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862A58F93F568FF90F" box="[298,407,1672,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesii">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862A58F93F568FF90F" box="[298,407,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. dugesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862AD7F93F5553F90F" box="[421,587,1672,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephuta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862AD7F93F5553F90F" box="[421,587,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. megacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF86292BF93F55E0F90F" box="[601,760,1672,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prunotincta">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF86292BF93F55E0F90F" box="[601,760,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. prunotincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862844F93F54C8F90F" box="[822,976,1672,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufosuffusa">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862844F93F54C8F90F" box="[822,976,1672,1698]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. rufosuffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been considered lost for some time (
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862BEDF91B562AF96B" author="Mickel, C. E." box="[159,306,1708,1734]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="1 - 351" refId="ref37820" refString="Mickel, C. E. (1928) Biological and taxonomic investigations on the mutillid wasps. United States National Museum, Bulletin 143, 1 - 351, pls. 1 - 5. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 7835957 # page / 5 / mode / 1 up https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.143.1" type="journal article" year="1928">Mickel 1928</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862A4FF91B5660F96B" author="Mickel, C. E." box="[317,376,1708,1734]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="163 - 171" refId="ref38028" refString="Mickel, C. E. (1964) Synonymical notes on Neotropical Mutillidae (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy, 33, 163 - 171. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1964. tb 01635. x" type="journal article" year="1964">1964</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862AF1F91B5509F96B" author="Suarez, F. J." box="[387,529,1708,1734]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="471 - 482" refId="ref39506" refString="Suarez, F. J. (1966 [&quot; 1965 &quot;]) Datos sobre Mutilidos neotropicales. VI. Dos nuevos generos de Pseudomethocini de Mejico y Brasil (Hymenoptera). Eos, Revista Espanola de Entomologia, Madrid, 41 (2 - 3), 471 - 482. http: // hdl. handle. net / 10261 / 162095" type="journal article" year="1966">Suárez 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF86296FF91B5414F96B" author="Manley, D. G. &amp; Pitts, J. P." box="[541,780,1708,1734]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref37618" refString="Manley, D. G. &amp; Pitts, J. P. (2007) Tropical and subtropical velvet ants of the genus Dasymutilla Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) with descriptions of 45 new species. Zootaxa, 1487 (1), 1 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1487.1.1" type="journal article" year="2007">Manley &amp; Pitts 2007</bibRefCitation>
). Despite not having located and examined the
<typeStatus id="6B35308F304FFF862E6EF91B5266F96B" box="[1308,1406,1708,1734]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862BE5F96756F3F946" authority=", Mickel (1964)" authorityName=", Mickel" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,491,1744,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephuta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862BE5F9675624F947" box="[151,316,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. megacantha</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304FFF862A38F96756F3F946" author="Mickel, C. E." box="[330,491,1744,1771]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" pagination="163 - 171" refId="ref38028" refString="Mickel, C. E. (1964) Synonymical notes on Neotropical Mutillidae (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy, 33, 163 - 171. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1964. tb 01635. x" type="journal article" year="1964">Mickel (1964)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
synonymized this species under
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF86282EF9675231F946" authority="(Gerstaecker)" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[860,1321,1744,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Pseudomethoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardinalis">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF86282EF967539EF947" box="[860,1158,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Pseudomethoca cardinalis</emphasis>
(Gerstaecker)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4318E2D304FFF872BB5F942559BFF78" blockId="48.[151,1437,1528,2023]" lastBlockId="49.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">
We sought to locate these four lost
<typeStatus id="6B35308F304FFF862925F94355DCF8A3" box="[599,708,1780,1806]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" type="holotype">holotypes</typeStatus>
with the hunch that Cockerell and Casad may have returned the material to Dugès in
<collectingRegion id="764A40CF304FFF862AF9F8AF5517F89F" box="[395,527,1816,1842]" country="Mexico" name="Guanajuato" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Guanajuato</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CC99CEBD304FFF86296EF8AF556DF89F" box="[540,629,1816,1842]" name="Mexico" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. Mr. Néstor Quezadas Tapia at the Museo de Historia Natural Alfredo Dugès (
<collectionCode id="D29F16E8304FFF862B9EF88B5641F8FB" box="[236,345,1852,1878]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">MADUG</collectionCode>
) kindly searched for these four type specimens and provided photographs to confirm their identity. The type of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862A51F8D756A6F8D7" box="[291,446,1888,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufosuffusa">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862A51F8D756A6F8D7" box="[291,446,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. rufosuffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was discovered (label: “
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF8629AAF8D75488F8D7" authorityName="Blake" authorityYear="1871" box="[728,912,1888,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaeropthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF8629AAF8D75488F8D7" box="[728,912,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Sphaeropthalma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF8628DAF8D75336F8D7" box="[936,1070,1888,1914]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF8628DAF8D75331F8D7" box="[936,1065,1888,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufosuffusa">rufosuffusa</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
/
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862F34F8D6539AF8D7" box="[1094,1154,1889,1914]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Type.</emphasis>
”), as well as a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862BC4F833563CF833" box="[182,292,1924,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesii">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862BC4F833563CF833" box="[182,292,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. dugesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that is not labeled as a type but could potentially be it (label: “
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862883F83353AFF833" box="[1009,1207,1924,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862883F83353AFF833" box="[1009,1207,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Sphaerophthalma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862FBDF8325244F833" box="[1231,1372,1924,1950]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">Dugesi, Ckll</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A28845A4304FFF862E11F833526FF833" box="[1379,1399,1924,1950]" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" type="female"></specimenCount>
.”). A specimen of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304FFF862A3AF81F56F1F86F" box="[328,489,1960,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prunotincta">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304FFF862A3AF81F56F1F86F" box="[328,489,1960,1986]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="199">S. prunotincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also found but it lacks labels; this could be the type based on its match with Cockerells original description, the apparent age of the specimen, and the appearance of the pin. It is worth noting that
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304EFF872BB5FF205647FF1C" author="Andre, E." box="[199,351,151,177]" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref35023" refString="Andre, E. (1898) Etude sur les Mutillides du Museum de Paris. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 67, 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="1898">André (1898)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned that he examined the type of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872858FF2054D2FF1D" box="[810,970,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prunotincta">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872858FF2054D2FF1D" box="[810,970,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">S. prunotincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
through A. Dugès. No specimens labeled as
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872BC4FF0C5643FF78" authorityName=", Mickel" authorityYear="1964" box="[182,347,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephuta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872BC4FF0C5643FF78" box="[182,347,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">S. megacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were located at MADUG.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4318E2D304EFF872BB5FF685620FD90" blockId="49.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">
Based on the original description of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872902FF685400FF54" authorityName=", Mickel" authorityYear="1964" box="[624,792,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephuta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872902FF685400FF54" box="[624,792,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">S. megacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304EFF87283AFF685362FF54" author="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E." box="[840,1146,223,249]" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" pagination="293 - 296" refId="ref36241" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. &amp; Casad, J. E. (1894) New species of Mutillidae. Entomological News, 5, 293 - 296." type="journal article" year="1894">Cockerell &amp; Casad (1894)</bibRefCitation>
, it is likely a member of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872BE5FEB4561BFEB0" authorityName=", Suarez" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,259,259,285]" class="Insecta" genus="Invreiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872BE5FEB4561BFEB0" box="[151,259,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">Invreiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; however, there is not enough information to determine with certainty its species-level identity. Due to the unexpected diversity of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872ABDFE905523FEEC" authorityName=", Suarez" authorityYear="1966" box="[463,571,295,321]" class="Insecta" genus="Invreiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872ABDFE905523FEEC" box="[463,571,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">Invreiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
discovered during the course of this study, we here treat
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872FC9FE905244FEEC" authorityName=", Mickel" authorityYear="1964" box="[1211,1372,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephuta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872FC9FE905244FEEC" box="[1211,1372,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">I. megacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872E18FE9057F0FEC8" bold="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">stat. resurr.</emphasis>
, as a
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872A5AFEFC56D6FEC8" box="[296,462,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">nomen dubium</emphasis>
with the hope that type material will eventually surface. It is possible that
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872E64FEFC57A3FE24" authorityName=", Mickel" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Ephuta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megacantha">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872E64FEFC57A3FE24" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">I. megacantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is indeed a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872AA1FED85545FE24" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[467,605,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Pseudomethoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardinalis">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872AA1FED85545FE24" box="[467,605,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">I. cardinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as A. Dugès brother, Eugenio Dugès, collected a female of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872E61FED85285FE24" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1874" box="[1299,1437,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Pseudomethoca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cardinalis">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872E61FED85285FE24" box="[1299,1437,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">I. cardinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingRegion id="764A40CF304EFF872BC6FE245621FE00" box="[180,313,403,429]" country="Mexico" name="Guanajuato" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">Guanajuato</collectingRegion>
; this specimen is housed at RBINS. As for the other three types,
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304EFF872F7FFE245212FE00" author="Manley, D. G. &amp; Pitts, J. P." box="[1037,1290,403,429]" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref37618" refString="Manley, D. G. &amp; Pitts, J. P. (2007) Tropical and subtropical velvet ants of the genus Dasymutilla Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) with descriptions of 45 new species. Zootaxa, 1487 (1), 1 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1487.1.1" type="journal article" year="2007">Manley &amp; Pitts (2007)</bibRefCitation>
designated a
<typeStatus id="6B35308F304EFF872BE5FE0057E8FE7C" box="[151,240,439,465]" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
for
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872A6FFE005691FE7C" box="[285,393,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dugesii">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872A6FFE005691FE7C" box="[285,393,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">S. dugesii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a species that is now considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF8728E9FE005618FE58" authority="(Cockerell, 1894) (Pilgrim et al. 2008)" authorityName="Pilgrim et al." authorityYear="2008" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell" baseAuthorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Dasymutilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="foxi">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF8728E9FE00534CFE7C" box="[923,1108,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">Dasymutilla foxi</emphasis>
(Cockerell, 1894) (
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304EFF872E5EFE0057E0FE58" author="Pilgrim, E. M. &amp; Williams, K. A. &amp; Pitts, J. P." pageId="49" pageNumber="200" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref38691" refString="Pilgrim, E. M., Williams, K. A. &amp; Pitts, J. P. (2008) Sex association and synonymy in southwestern U. S. species of Dasymutilla (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 84 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.3956 / 2007 - 13.1" type="journal article" year="2008">
Pilgrim
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872EFAFE0057B5FE58" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The species
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872AE7FE6C552CFE59" box="[405,564,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prunotincta">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872AE7FE6C552CFE59" box="[405,564,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">S. prunotincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was synonymized under
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872823FE6C5221FE58" authority="Saussure, 1867" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1867" box="[849,1337,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Mutilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicheliana" subGenus="Ephuta">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872823FE6C54BBFE58" box="[849,931,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">Mutilla</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF8728C6FE6C531DFE58" box="[948,1029,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">Ephuta</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872F67FE6C5390FE58" box="[1045,1160,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">sicheliana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304EFF872FFDFE6C5221FE58" author="Saussure, H. de" box="[1167,1337,475,501]" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" pagination="351 - 364" refId="ref39122" refString="Saussure, H. de (1867) Mutillarum novarum species aliquot. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 7, 351 - 364, pl. VIII." type="journal article" year="1867">Saussure, 1867</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872E2BFE6C5679FDB4" baseAuthorityName="Saussure" baseAuthorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Dasymutilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sicheliana">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872E2BFE6C5679FDB4" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">Dasymutilla sicheliana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304EFF872AE1FE485537FDB4" author="Andre, E." box="[403,559,511,537]" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" pagination="1 - 79" refId="ref35023" refString="Andre, E. (1898) Etude sur les Mutillides du Museum de Paris. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 67, 1 - 79." type="journal article" year="1898">André (1898)</bibRefCitation>
. Lastly, the species
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF87287FFE4854B0FDB4" box="[781,936,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Sphaerophthalma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufosuffusa">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF87287FFE4854B0FDB4" box="[781,936,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">S. rufosuffusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is likely a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="738EF5AE304EFF872FC2FE48562DFD90" authority="(Blake, 1871)" baseAuthorityName="Blake" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Insecta" family="Mutillidae" genus="Dasymutilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosa">
<emphasis id="86FA523F304EFF872FC2FE485284FDB4" box="[1200,1436,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="200">Dasymutilla formosa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D01FF3DC304EFF872BEDFD945634FD90" author="Blake, C. A." box="[159,300,547,573]" pageId="49" pageNumber="200" pagination="217 - 265" refId="ref35467" refString="Blake, C. A. (1871) Synopsis of the Mutillidae of North America. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 3, 217 - 265 + 358." type="journal article" year="1871">Blake, 1871</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>