plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/21/DD/D5/21DDD52DBD4F5409AE901B50F0236358.xml
maintenance 29c63c90d1 added 21
2024-06-21 12:31:17 +02:00

247 lines
29 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c81147b7-467a-4477-a36e-76f3fd8358c7" ID-PMC="PMC7921074" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1019-93" ID-Pensoft-UUID="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" ID-PubMed="33688849" ID-ZooBank="740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1019-93" checkinTime="1614092297092" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Giron, Jennifer C. &amp; Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2021" docId="21DDD52DBD4F5409AE901B50F0236358" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1019: 93-140" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1019" docPubDate="2021-02-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" docTitle="Tobochares atures Girón &amp; Short 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="EA1F3EA4-DD9D-4A07-8CB1-219E91CAD0AA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" lastPageNumber="93" masterDocId="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" masterDocTitle="Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short &amp; Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="93" pageNumber="93" updateTime="1668149822001" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short &amp; Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA &amp; Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-02-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1019</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>93</mods:start>
<mods:end>140</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1019-93</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="179905052" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EA1F3EA4-DD9D-4A07-8CB1-219E91CAD0AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/21DDD52DBD4F5409AE901B50F0236358" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/EA1F3EA4-DD9D-4A07-8CB1-219E91CAD0AA" authority="Girón &amp; Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón &amp; Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares atures" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atures" status="sp. nov.">Tobochares atures</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="93">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figs 3B, G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 7D, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 11G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tobochares habitat in Guyana and Venezuela A, B habitat for T. arawak, Guyana, upper Potaro River (collecting event GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela, rock outcrop by Rio Cuchivero, (collecting event VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela Campamento Rio Aro (collecting event VZ 10 - 0711 - 01 B) F type locality and habitat for T. atures, Venezuela, Tobogan de la Selva (collecting event VZ 09 - 0114 - 01 F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512613" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 15F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName authority="Girón &amp; Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón &amp; Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Tobochares</taxonomicName>
sp. 8:
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" refId="B9" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Holotype</emphasis>
(male): Venezuela
</emphasis>
, &quot;
<taxonomicName genus="T." lsidName="T." pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="genus">T.</taxonomicName>
F. Amazonas/ Puerto Ayacucho (40km S)/ El
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
Coromoto/ 26 Jan 1989, stream edge/ at upper shelter&quot;, &quot;collected by/ PJSpangler/RAFaitoute &amp; CBBarr&quot; (MIZA).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Paratypes</emphasis>
(357 exs.): Venezuela: Amazonas
</emphasis>
: &quot;40 Km S of Puerto Ayacucho, at
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
; upper seep; 18.i.1989; leg. Spangler, Faitoute, Barr&quot; (34, USNM); same, except &quot;; colln #1; collected by pouring water over stream bank and washing riparian insects into seine; 19.vi.1989; leg. Spangler and Faitoute&quot; (3, USNM); same, except &quot;sandy margins; colln. #10; 23.ii.1986; leg. P. Spangler&quot; (38, USNM); same, except &quot;colln. #14; 25.ii.1986&quot; (16, USNM); &quot;40 Km S of Puerto Ayacucho, El
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
Coromoto; seep, at upper shelter; 26.i.1989; leg. Spangler, Faitoute, Barr&quot; (55, USNM); same data as holotype (174, SEMC, MIZA, USNM); &quot;5°62'N [Sic!], 66°23'W; 1250 m; Cerro Guanay; Exp. Terramar; 5-12.ii.1995; leg. J. Clavijo&quot; (1, MIZA);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
de la Selva; old
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Tobogancito”">&quot;Tobogancito&quot;</normalizedToken>
on seepage area with detritus; 8.viii.2008; leg. Short,
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, Joly; AS-08-080b (16, SEMC including DNA voucher SLE1032); same, except
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Tobogán">&quot;Tobogan</normalizedToken>
de la Selva; wet rock covered with detritus; upstream slide; 14.i.2009; leg. Short,
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, Miller, Joly; VZ09-0114-01F&quot; (16, SEMC); same, except &quot;partly shaded wet rock with algae; leg. Short and Miller; VZ09-0114-01G&quot; (2, SEMC).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: &quot;
<geoCoordinate degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="4.6" value="6.2179446">6°13'4.6&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="26.4" value="-67.24066">67°14'26.4&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; 60 m; ca. 25 Km E of El Burro; rocky morichal; 12.i.2009; leg. Short and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Téllez">Tellez</normalizedToken>
; VZ09-0113-01X&quot; (1, SEMC).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512613" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Girón &amp; Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
habitat in Guyana and Venezuela
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A, B</emphasis>
habitat for
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. arawak" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="arawak">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. arawak</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Guyana, upper Potaro River (collecting event GY14-0312-01B)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">C, D</emphasis>
habitat for
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Venezuela, rock outcrop by
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Cuchivero, (collecting event VZ10-0710-01A)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">E</emphasis>
habitat for
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Venezuela Campamento
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Aro (collecting event VZ10-0711-01B)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">F</emphasis>
type locality and habitat for
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Venezuela, Tobogan de la Selva (collecting event VZ09-0114-01F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
The general habitus and coloration of
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that of several species in the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, nevertheless, the elytral punctation in
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively distinct: all the elytral punctures are shallowly impressed, longitudinally aligned, and have two different sizes: the serial punctures, which are slightly impressed, are larger, whereas the interserial punctures are smaller and denser (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3B, G</figureCitation>
). In addition, the overall shape of the aedeagus, especially the shape of the median lobe of
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique among members of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group: the median lobe gradually and slightly narrows towards a rounded apex, and the gonopore is located at the apical third of the median lobe (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Size and form</emphasis>
: Body length 2.0-2.2 mm. Body elongate oval, moderately convex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7D</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Color and punctation</emphasis>
: Dorsal and ventral surfaces of body dark brown, with prothorax and lateral margins of elytra slightly paler (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7D, E</figureCitation>
); mouthparts and antennae yellow, with slightly darker apical third of maxillary palpomere IV; legs orange to reddish brown with paler tarsi (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7E</figureCitation>
). Ground punctation on head, pronotum and elytra rather shallowly marked.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Head</emphasis>
: Eyes in dorsal view with anterior margin oblique (anteriorly directed), and outer margins slightly bulging from outline of head (e.g., Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2D</figureCitation>
); in lateral view, eyes not emarginate (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2E</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Thorax</emphasis>
: Elytra with longitudinal rows of shallow punctures, not forming grooves; punctures in two different sizes: serial punctures larger, interserial punctures smaller and denser (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3B, G</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName genus="Metafemora" lsidName="Metafemora" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="genus">Metafemora</taxonomicName>
mostly glabrous on anterior face (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7F</figureCitation>
). Elevation of mesoventrite forming a low transverse carina (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7F</figureCitation>
). Metaventrite with distinct median, longitudinal, narrow glabrous area extending along posterior half (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Abdominal ventrites uniformly and very densely pubescent (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7F</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11G</figureCitation>
). Basal piece nearly 0.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the length of a paramere; parameres nearly 0.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
greatest width of median lobe, with outer margins weakly and uniformly convex, and rounded apex; median lobe roughly triangular, widely rounded at apex; gonopore situated nearly at apical third of median lobe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Noun in apposition. Named after Atures, the municipality where the type locality is situated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
This species is known from several localities along the northwestern edge of the Guiana Shield in Venezuela. See Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">13</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="life history">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Life history.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
Most specimens were collected on granite seepages that were adjacent to permanent streams. See Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tobochares habitat in Guyana and Venezuela A, B habitat for T. arawak, Guyana, upper Potaro River (collecting event GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela, rock outcrop by Rio Cuchivero, (collecting event VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela Campamento Rio Aro (collecting event VZ 10 - 0711 - 01 B) F type locality and habitat for T. atures, Venezuela, Tobogan de la Selva (collecting event VZ 09 - 0114 - 01 F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512613" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">15F</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink