treatments-xml/data/03/F6/87/03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA.xml

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<mods:title id="AC18F1D4C9282C65081C0459F5443675">Taxonomic notes on Acanthopsis (Acanthaceae, tribe Acantheae): the group with semi-dense spikes and 5 - fid bracts</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="53E9208C583D515B2C37A701DCC28C5D">Steyn, Hester M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F923EE8D7C4140395890EC1D187B63E9">National Herbarium, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Private Bag X 101, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8BE036DB4624FFCDFF2AC9DAFC3553C6" blockId="3.[136,1452,1194,1400]" box="[136,940,1194,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<heading id="D0A881B74624FFCDFF2AC9DAFC3553C6" box="[136,940,1194,1221]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFF2AC9DAFF0453C6" bold="true" box="[136,157,1195,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584624FFCDFF01C9DCFDC153C6" ID-CoL="8ZL8" authority="(Nees) H. M. Steyn" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="H. M. Steyn" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[163,600,1194,1221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFF01C9DCFE1A53C6" bold="true" box="[163,387,1194,1221]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Acanthopsis glabra</emphasis>
(Nees) H.M.Steyn
</taxonomicName>
, 
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<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFDC6C9DAFD4F53C6" box="[612,726,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">comb. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="13642A5E4624FFCDFD4FC9DAFCA353C6" box="[749,826,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1423,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-15@4.[151,1436,187,1395]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Known distribution of A. glabra (○), A. scullyi (▲), A. nitida (□), A. glandulopalmata (■) A. insueta (Δ) and A. carduifolia (●). Thunberg’s route (1774) indicated in red. (for explanation see Notes under taxonomic treatment of A. carduifolia)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13697362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13697362/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13642A5E4624FFCDFCEAC9DAFCF453C6" box="[840,877,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1911,1932]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-15@6.[151,1436,190,1886]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of floral parts, associated bracts and bracteoles (from left to right): bracts (2), bracteoles (2), calyx (4 sepals: dorsal, ventral and 2 lateral ones) and corolla with anthers.A. A. glabra, B. A. scullyi, C. A. nitida, D. A. glandulopalmata, E. A. insueta, F. A. carduifolia. Note: the bract on the left is from lower down in the same inflorescence. Scale bar = 10 mm. Vouchers:A = Steyn 1893 (PRE), B = Steyn 1911 (PRE), C = Steyn 1884 (PRE), D = Steyn 1890 (PRE), E = Steyn 1805 (PRE), F = Koekemoer 4620 (PRE)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13697366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13697366/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">3A</figureCitation>
, &amp; 
<figureCitation id="13642A5E4624FFCDFC37C9DAFC3D53C6" box="[917,932,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1780,1801]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,175,1755]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[151,1436,175,1755]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Acanthopsis glabra. A &amp; B. Habit. C &amp; D. Leaf indumentum (abaxial). E &amp; F. Bract. G. Calyx. H. Corolla (lobes lilac to cream; throat cream). I. Glandular hairs at base of style. J. Capsule. K. Seed. Vouchers: C–F = Acocks 16476 (PRE), G–I = Steyn 1893 (PRE), J &amp; K = Steyn 2119 (PRE). Photographed by: H.M. Steyn (A, C–K) and M. Koekemoer (B)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13697368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13697368/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">4</figureCitation>
)
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</paragraph>
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Basionym:— 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584624FFCDFEAAC9A5FCBC53EB" ID-CoL="8XGG" authority="Nees von Esenbeck (1847: 278)" authorityName="Nees von Esenbeck" authorityPageNumber="278" authorityYear="1847" box="[264,805,1235,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabrum">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFEAAC9A5FE7853EB" box="[264,481,1235,1256]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Acanthodium glabrum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4624FFCDFE4BC9A5FCBC53EB" author="Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D." box="[489,805,1235,1256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="46 - 519" refId="ref13072" refString="Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D. (1847) Acanthaceae. In: Candolle, A. de. (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 11. Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris, pp. 46 - 519." type="book chapter" year="1847">Nees von Esenbeck (1847: 278)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584624FFCDFC92C9A5FDD8520F" ID-CoL="B5LLC" authority="(Nees) Anderson (1864: 35)" authorityName="Anderson" authorityPageNumber="35" authorityYear="1864" baseAuthorityName="Nees" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Blepharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="carduifolia" variety="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFC92C9A5FB9953EB" box="[816,1024,1235,1256]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Blepharis carduifolia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4624FFCDFBACC9A5FB4B53EB" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[1038,1234,1235,1256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" refId="ref12915" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1782) Supplementum plantarum. Impensis Orphanotrophei, Brunsvigae, 502 pp." type="book" year="1782">Linnaeus 1782: 294</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4624FFCDFB42C9A5FA3253EB" author="Anderson, T." box="[1248,1451,1235,1256]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="13 - 54" refId="ref12377" refString="Anderson, T. (1864) An enumeration of the species of Acanthaceae from the continent and the adjacent islands. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society 7: 13 - 54." type="journal article" year="1864">Anderson (1864: 35)</bibRefCitation>
var. 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFF4AC981FEB1520F" box="[232,296,1271,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">glabra</emphasis>
(Nees) 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4624FFCDFED6C981FDD8520F" author="Anderson, T." box="[372,577,1271,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="13 - 54" refId="ref12377" refString="Anderson, T. (1864) An enumeration of the species of Acanthaceae from the continent and the adjacent islands. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society 7: 13 - 54." type="journal article" year="1864">Anderson (1864: 35)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584624FFCDFDE9C981FCAB520F" ID-CoL="8ZKX" authorityName=", Drege" authorityYear="1843" box="[587,818,1271,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carduifolia">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFDE9C981FCAB520F" box="[587,818,1271,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Acanthopsis carduifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.f.) 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4624FFCDFCD0C981FBB5520F" author="Schinz, H." box="[882,1068,1271,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="179 - 230" refId="ref13310" refString="Schinz, H. (1890) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora von Deutsch-Sudwest-Afrika und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins fur die Provinz Brandenbrug und die Angrenzenden Lander 31: 179 - 230." type="journal article" year="1890">Schinz (1890: 200)</bibRefCitation>
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584624FFCDFB91C981FA31520F" ID-CoL="8ZL8" authority="(Nees) Schinz (1890: 200)" authorityName="Schinz" authorityPageNumber="200" authorityYear="1890" baseAuthorityName="Nees" box="[1075,1448,1271,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="carduifolia" variety="glabra">
var. 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFBFFC981FB04520F" box="[1117,1181,1271,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">glabra</emphasis>
(Nees) 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4624FFCDFB49C981FA31520F" author="Schinz, H." box="[1259,1448,1271,1292]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" pagination="179 - 230" refId="ref13310" refString="Schinz, H. (1890) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora von Deutsch-Sudwest-Afrika und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins fur die Provinz Brandenbrug und die Angrenzenden Lander 31: 179 - 230." type="journal article" year="1890">Schinz (1890: 200)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFF1FC86DFF5C5233" box="[189,197,1307,1328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">“</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584624FFCDFF64C86DFE215233" ID-CoL="92SJ" authority="&quot; Meyer" authorityName="Meyer" box="[198,440,1307,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaber">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFF64C86DFEF05233" box="[198,361,1307,1328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Acanthus glaber</emphasis>
” Meyer
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4624FFCDFE75C86DFDEF5233" author="Drege, J. F." box="[471,630,1307,1328]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" refId="ref12531" refString="Drege, J. F. (1843) Zwei Pflanzengeographische Documente, nebst einer Einleitung von Dr. E. Meyer. Regensburg, Leipzig, 230 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 87612" type="book" year="1843">Drège (1843: 67</bibRefCitation>
, 161), 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFD1AC86DFC885233" box="[696,785,1307,1328]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">nom. nud</emphasis>
(Art. 38).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFF2AC849FF5B5257" bold="true" box="[136,194,1343,1364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Type:</emphasis>
— 
<collectingCountry id="F348764B4624FFCDFF79C849FE135257" box="[219,394,1343,1364]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="499BF8394624FFCDFE36C849FDBF5257" box="[404,550,1343,1364]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
: Little Namaqualand, Kamies Bergen. [Am Berg bei Kasparskloof, fide 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4624FFCDFB42C849FAFA5257" author="Drege, J. F." box="[1248,1379,1343,1364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" refId="ref12531" refString="Drege, J. F. (1843) Zwei Pflanzengeographische Documente, nebst einer Einleitung von Dr. E. Meyer. Regensburg, Leipzig, 230 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 87612" type="book" year="1843">Drège (1843)</bibRefCitation>
] 
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[
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], 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94624FFCDFDF3C815FD2D527B" box="[593,692,1379,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Drège s.n.</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="54E488794624FFCDFD62C815FC83527B" box="[704,794,1379,1400]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4624FFCDFC82C815FCAB527B" box="[800,818,1379,1400]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
000394342! designated here).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE036DB4624FFCDFF2AC8DEFBAF5F26" blockId="3.[136,1459,1448,2085]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
Perennial, acaulescent herb or compact subshrub, up to 
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tall with very short internodes. Leaves sessile, petiole-like base with spines 
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long; lamina oblanceolate, 45–70(–100) × (6–)8–10(–12) mm, often grey to grey-green due to densely packed long, strigose hairs, also with subsessile glands; apex acute, base attenuate, margin undulate, coarsely dentate-spinose, spines fine to rigid, 1–3(–6) mm long, yellow to orange-brown. Inflorescences lax (bract lamina overlap &lt;30%), cylindrical, subsessile with a few infertile bracts at the base, (50–)70–140(–250) mm long, (5–) 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4624FFCDFF17CB2AFE8C5176" box="[181,277,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
in diameter. Bracts oblong to obovate, 18–20(–23) mm long (including spines), lamina 9–11(–14) mm long, base obtuse; hirsute with deflexed to appressed short hairs, also with isolated, subsessile glandular hairs abaxially, silky-hairy adaxially; middle and upper bracts usually truncate, ending in 5 primary spines; central primary spine usually simple, rarely with 1 pair of short marginal secondary spines; lateral primary spines usually simple; spines spreading (usually 90°) in fruit. Bracteoles linear, (6–) 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4624FFCDFD44CB9AFCDA5006" box="[742,835,1772,1797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8–9 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent with short, deflexed to spreading hairs and short glandular hairs. Calyx with dorsal sepal ovate, apiculate to acuminate, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4624FFCDFBAFCA66FB1F502A" box="[1037,1158,1808,1833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="13.0">13–14 mm</quantity>
long, hirsute to pubescent with short, deflexed to spreading hairs and short glandular hairs abaxially, silky-hairy adaxially, 7–9-veined; ventral sepal ovate, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4624FFCDFEBACA2EFE0B5072" box="[280,402,1880,1905]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11–13 mm</quantity>
long, hirsute to pubescent with short, deflexed to spreading hairs and short glandular hairs abaxially, silky-hairy adaxially, 5–7-veined; lateral sepals 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4624FFCDFCBCCA0AFCE45096" box="[798,893,1916,1941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="7.0">7–9 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent with short hairs, also with long, silky hairs along margin. Flowers clearly decussate; corolla cream or lilac with darker veins, cream throat, 27–29 × 9(–10) mm, tube 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4624FFCDFEEACAB2FE0E50DE" box="[328,407,1988,2013]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
long, pubescent especially on outside, central lobe wider than long or equal, constricted at the base, truncate to emarginate. Filaments 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4624FFCDFDE3CA9EFD045F02" box="[577,669,2024,2049]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 mm</quantity>
long, glandular; anthers orange-brown, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4624FFCDFBF8CA9EFB2F5F02" box="[1114,1206,2024,2049]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long. Style with basal part densely covered with glandular hairs. Capsules 7 × 3(–4) mm. Seeds 4 × 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4624FFCDFC4CC57AFBAB5F26" box="[1006,1074,2060,2085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2066534623FFCAFF2AC8F9FB6C52CB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13697362" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13697362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13697362/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" startId="4.[136,229,1423,1444]" targetBox="[151,1436,187,1395]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE036DB4623FFCAFF2AC8F9FB6C52CB" blockId="4.[136,1452,1423,1480]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFF2AC8F9FF6752A7" bold="true" box="[136,254,1423,1444]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Known distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584623FFCAFE43C8F9FDA552A7" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="H. M. Steyn" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[481,572,1423,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFE43C8F9FDA552A7" box="[481,572,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(○), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584623FFCAFDCFC8F9FD5E52A7" authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityYear="1937" baseAuthorityName="S. Moore" box="[621,711,1423,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scullyi">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFDCFC8F9FD5E52A7" box="[621,711,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. scullyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(▲), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584623FFCAFCA0C8F9FCCC52A7" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" box="[770,853,1423,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFCA0C8F9FCCC52A7" box="[770,853,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(□), 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584623FFCAFC24C8F9FBDC52A7" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" box="[902,1093,1423,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulopalmata">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFC24C8F9FBDC52A7" box="[902,1093,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. glandulopalmata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(■) 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584623FFCAFBD3C8F9FB4852A7" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" box="[1137,1233,1423,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insueta">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFBD3C8F9FB4852A7" box="[1137,1233,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. insueta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Δ) and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584623FFCAFA84C8F9FA3552A7" authorityName=", Drege" authorityYear="1843" box="[1318,1452,1423,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carduifolia">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFA84C8F9FA3552A7" box="[1318,1452,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. carduifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(●). Thunberg’s route (1774) indicated in red. (for explanation see Notes under taxonomic treatment of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584623FFCAFBCBC8C5FB7452CB" authorityName=", Drege" authorityYear="1843" box="[1129,1261,1459,1480]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carduifolia">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFBCBC8C5FB7452CB" box="[1129,1261,1459,1480]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">A. carduifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34565504623FFCAFF1FC88FFDD25135" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE036DB4623FFCAFF1FC88FFDD25135" blockId="4.[136,1452,1529,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFF1FC88FFED15111" bold="true" box="[189,328,1529,1554]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Etymology:</emphasis>
—The specific epithet 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584623FFCAFDEEC88FFD0E5111" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="H. M. Steyn" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[588,663,1529,1554]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFDEEC88FFD0E5111" box="[588,663,1529,1554]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, meaning “smooth/without hairs”, probably refers to the floral bracts which appear glabrous to the naked eye.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34565504623FFC6FF1FCB37FEE753AA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE036DB4623FFCAFF1FCB37FBA95055" blockId="4.[136,1452,1529,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFF1FCB37FDED5159" bold="true" box="[189,628,1601,1626]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Distribution, ecology and phenology:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584623FFCAFD32CB37FCF35159" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="H. M. Steyn" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[656,874,1601,1626]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFD32CB37FCF35159" box="[656,874,1601,1626]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Acanthopsis glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from mountain slopes and rocky outcrops on the escarpment from west of Spektakel Pass in the north to just north of Bitterfontein in the south (
<collectingRegion id="499BF8394623FFCAFB58CB13FA3A517D" box="[1274,1443,1637,1662]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="13642A5E4623FFCAFF32CBFFFF4951A1" box="[144,208,1673,1698]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1423,1444]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1395]" captionTargetId="figure-15@4.[151,1436,187,1395]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Known distribution of A. glabra (○), A. scullyi (▲), A. nitida (□), A. glandulopalmata (■) A. insueta (Δ) and A. carduifolia (●). Thunberg’s route (1774) indicated in red. (for explanation see Notes under taxonomic treatment of A. carduifolia)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13697362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13697362/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) at elevations between 260 and 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4623FFCAFD96CBFFFD1351A1" box="[564,650,1673,1698]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
. This range falls within the Namaqualand Hardeveld Bioregion (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4623FFCAFAF6CBFFFEFF51C5" author="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C." pageId="4" pageNumber="105" refId="ref13030" refString="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C. (Eds.) (2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 807 pp." type="book" year="2006">Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006</bibRefCitation>
) in the Succulent Karoo Biome (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4623FFCAFD47CBDBFBB251C5" author="Rutherford, M. C. &amp; Westfall, R. H." box="[741,1067,1709,1734]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" refId="ref13271" refString="Rutherford, M. C. &amp; Westfall, R. H. (1994) Biomes of southern Africa: an objective categorization. [Memoir 63]. National Botanical Institute, Pretoria, 94 pp." type="book" year="1994">Rutherford &amp; Westfall 1994</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4623FFCAFB9BCBDBFAB051C5" author="Low, A. B. &amp; Rebelo, A. G." box="[1081,1321,1709,1734]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" refId="ref12933" refString="Low, A. B., Rebelo, A. G. (Eds.) (1996) Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Department of Environmental Affairs &amp; Tourism, Pretoria, 85 pp." type="book" year="1996">Low &amp; Rebelo 1996</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4623FFCAFA95CBDBFEDF51E9" author="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C." pageId="4" pageNumber="105" refId="ref13030" refString="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C. (Eds.) (2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 807 pp." type="book" year="2006">Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006</bibRefCitation>
) with the Kamiesberg localities falling in the Namaqualand 
<collectingRegion id="499BF8394623FFCAFC5ACBA7FBAB51E9" box="[1016,1074,1745,1770]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Cape</collectingRegion>
Shrubland Bioregion (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4623FFCAFA94CBA7FEDD500D" author="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C." pageId="4" pageNumber="105" refId="ref13030" refString="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C. (Eds.) (2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 807 pp." type="book" year="2006">Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006</bibRefCitation>
) in the Fynbos Biome (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4623FFCAFDEECB83FCAE500D" author="Low, A. B. &amp; Rebelo, A. G." box="[588,823,1781,1806]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" refId="ref12933" refString="Low, A. B., Rebelo, A. G. (Eds.) (1996) Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Department of Environmental Affairs &amp; Tourism, Pretoria, 85 pp." type="book" year="1996">Low &amp; Rebelo 1996</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4623FFCAFCE0CB83FBE2500D" author="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C." box="[834,1147,1781,1806]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" refId="ref13030" refString="Mucina, L. &amp; Rutherford, M. C. (Eds.) (2006) The vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 807 pp." type="book" year="2006">Mucina &amp; Rutherford 2006</bibRefCitation>
). It receives predominantly winter rains with an average of 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4623FFCAFE5BCA6FFD085031" box="[505,657,1817,1842]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="225.0" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="200.0">200–250 mm</quantity>
per year. This species prefers deep sandy soils derived from granitic gneisses. Specimens with flowers were collected at the end of August to December.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE036DB4623FFCAFF1FCA17FCF450E5" blockId="4.[136,1452,1529,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94623FFCAFF1FCA17FE2C5079" bold="true" box="[189,437,1889,1914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Conservation status:</emphasis>
—This species is widespread and common. Subpopulations are large, and it persists even in heavily overgrazed communal rangelands in the Kamiesberg. As there are no severe threats to this species, the population is not suspected to be declining and it is categorised as Least Concern according to the IUCN Red List Category and Criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A4623FFCAFE2BCABBFD8950E5" author="IUCN" box="[393,528,1997,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" refId="ref12795" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List categories and criteria version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK, iv + 32 pp." type="book" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
) (L. von Staden, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2066534622FFCBFF2ACABAFE8D5F2A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13697364" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13697364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13697364/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" startId="5.[136,229,1996,2017]" targetBox="[230,1356,176,1970]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE036DB4622FFCBFF2ACABAFE8D5F2A" blockId="5.[136,1452,1996,2089]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94622FFCBFF2ACABAFF6750E2" bold="true" box="[136,254,1996,2017]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Types of inflorescences found in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584622FFCBFDE7CABAFD2350E2" authorityName="Harvey" authorityYear="1842" box="[581,698,1996,2017]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94622FFCBFDE7CABAFD2350E2" box="[581,698,1996,2017]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Acanthopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on density of individual flowers and their bracts. A. dense (&gt;60% bract lamina overlap), B. semi-dense (30–60% bract lamina overlap), C. semi-dense (&lt;30% bract lamina overlap). Scale bar = 10 mm. Artist: Daleen Roodt.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2066534621FFC8FF2ACA01FAFE50FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13697366" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13697366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13697366/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" startId="6.[136,229,1911,1932]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1886]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE036DB4621FFC8FF2ACA01FAFE50FB" blockId="6.[136,1452,1911,2040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FF2ACA01FF66508F" bold="true" box="[136,255,1911,1932]" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Comparison of floral parts, associated bracts and bracteoles (from left to right): bracts (2), bracteoles (2), calyx (4 sepals: dorsal, ventral and 2 lateral ones) and corolla with anthers. A. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584621FFC8FD7DCAEDFCA350B3" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="H. M. Steyn" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[735,826,1947,1968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FD7DCAEDFCA350B3" box="[735,826,1947,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">A. glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, B. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584621FFC8FCC0CAEDFC2550B3" authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityYear="1937" baseAuthorityName="S. Moore" box="[866,956,1947,1968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scullyi">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FCC0CAEDFC2550B3" box="[866,956,1947,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">A. scullyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, C. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584621FFC8FC41CAEDFBAF50B3" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" box="[995,1078,1947,1968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nitida">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FC41CAEDFBAF50B3" box="[995,1078,1947,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">A. nitida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, D. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584621FFC8FBFDCAEDFA8750B3" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" box="[1119,1310,1947,1968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulopalmata">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FBFDCAEDFA8750B3" box="[1119,1310,1947,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">A. glandulopalmata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, E. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584621FFC8FAE7CAEDFA3C50B3" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" box="[1349,1445,1947,1968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="insueta">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FAE7CAEDFACD50B3" box="[1349,1364,1947,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">A</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FAC2CAEDFA3C50B3" box="[1376,1445,1947,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">insueta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, F. 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584621FFC8FF3DCAC9FEBD50D7" authorityName=", Drege" authorityYear="1843" box="[159,292,1983,2004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="107" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carduifolia">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FF3DCAC9FEBD50D7" box="[159,292,1983,2004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">A. carduifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Note: the bract on the left is from lower down in the same inflorescence. Scale bar = 10 mm. Vouchers: A = 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FAE3CAC9FA3250D7" box="[1345,1451,1983,2004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Steyn 1893</emphasis>
(PRE), B = 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FF58CA95FEFB50FB" box="[250,354,2019,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Steyn 1911</emphasis>
(PRE), C = 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FE7BCA95FDDA50FB" box="[473,579,2019,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Steyn 1884</emphasis>
(PRE), D = 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FD1ECA95FCBF50FB" box="[700,806,2019,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Steyn 1890</emphasis>
(PRE), E = 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FC3ECA95FB9F50FB" box="[924,1030,2019,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Steyn 1805</emphasis>
(PRE), F = 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94621FFC8FBD9CA95FA8750FB" box="[1147,1310,2019,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="107">Koekemoer 4620</emphasis>
(PRE).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2066534620FFC9FF2ACB82FBDF5052" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13697368" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13697368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13697368/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" startId="7.[136,229,1780,1801]" targetBox="[151,1436,175,1755]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BE036DB4620FFC9FF2ACB82FBDF5052" blockId="7.[136,1452,1780,1873]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FF2ACB82FF66500A" bold="true" box="[136,255,1780,1801]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584620FFC9FEA4CB82FE5A500A" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="H. M. Steyn" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[262,451,1780,1801]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FEA4CB82FE5A500A" box="[262,451,1780,1801]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Acanthopsis glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A &amp; B. Habit. C &amp; D. Leaf indumentum (abaxial). E &amp; F. Bract. G. Calyx. H. Corolla (lobes lilac to cream; throat cream). I. Glandular hairs at base of style. J. Capsule. K. Seed. Vouchers: C–F = 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FB8ACA6EFB36502E" box="[1064,1199,1816,1837]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Acocks 16476</emphasis>
(PRE), G–I = 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FAE2CA6EFA32502E" box="[1344,1451,1816,1837]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Steyn 1893</emphasis>
(PRE), J &amp; K = 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FE81CA4AFE125052" box="[291,395,1852,1873]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Steyn 2119</emphasis>
(PRE). Photographed by: H.M. Steyn (A, C–K) and M. Koekemoer (B).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE036DB4620FFC6FF1FCA0CFDCD5546" blockId="7.[136,1451,1914,2083]" lastBlockId="8.[136,1452,160,1193]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FF1FCA0CFDA65090" bold="true" box="[189,575,1914,1939]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Additional specimens examined:</emphasis>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C864620FFC9FDF9CA0CFC8750B4" collectingDate="1986-10-09" collectionCode="CD, NBG" collectorName="Le Roux &amp; Lloyd" country="South Africa" elevation="316260" location="Namaqualand. Farm Kourootjie" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape">
<collectingCountry id="F348764B4620FFC9FDF9CA0CFCBF5090" box="[603,806,1914,1939]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="499BF8394620FFC9FC92CA0CFC405090" box="[816,985,1914,1939]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Northern Cape</collectingRegion>
: 
<location id="8E8060004620FFC9FC40CA0CFADD5090" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E8060004620FFC9FC40CA0CFADD5090" box="[994,1348,1914,1939]" country="South Africa" name="Namaqualand. Farm Kourootjie" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Namaqualand. Farm Kourootjie</location>
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4620FFC9FAE8CA0CFF3950B4" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1626" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="m" value="316260.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E84620FFC9FAE8CA0CFF3950B4" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1626" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="m" value="316260.0">316, 260 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (2917 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4620FFC9FF4FCAE8FE8F50B4" box="[237,278,1950,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">CD</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B4620FFC9FE8ACAE8FE4C50B4" box="[296,469,1950,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="1986-10-09">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F34620FFC9FE8ACAE8FE4C50B4" box="[296,469,1950,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="1986-10-09">9 October 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FE7CCAE8FD5150B4" box="[478,712,1950,1975]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<collectorName id="26AA530D4620FFC9FE7CCAE8FDA050B4" box="[478,569,1950,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Le Roux</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26AA530D4620FFC9FDFBCAE8FD0050B4" box="[601,665,1950,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Lloyd</collectorName>
608
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4620FFC9FD77CAE8FC8F50B4" box="[725,790,1950,1975]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C864620FFC9FC85CAE8FC1550D8" collectingDate="2009-08-12" collectionCode="DD, PRE" collectorName="Steyn" country="South Africa" county="Namaqualand District" elevation="851" location="Messelpadpas" municipality="Springbok-Soebatsfontein" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="62814E574620FFC9FC85CAE8FB8650B4" box="[807,1055,1950,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Namaqualand District</collectingCounty>
, on 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B84ACA14620FFC9FBEBCAE8FAF450B4" box="[1097,1389,1950,1975]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Springbok-Soebatsfontein</collectingMunicipality>
road, 
<location id="8E8060004620FFC9FF2ACAB4FEB150D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E8060004620FFC9FF2ACAB4FEB150D8" box="[136,296,1986,2011]" country="South Africa" county="Namaqualand District" municipality="Springbok-Soebatsfontein" name="Messelpadpas" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Messelpadpas</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4620FFC9FE90CAB4FEE350D8" box="[306,378,1986,2011]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.51" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="m" value="851.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E84620FFC9FE90CAB4FEE350D8" box="[306,378,1986,2011]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.51" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="m" value="851.0">851 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (2917 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4620FFC9FE6ACAB4FE6A50D8" box="[456,499,1986,2011]" country="India" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13033" name="Forest Research Institute, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Herbarium">DD</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B4620FFC9FDA7CAB4FD2150D8" box="[517,696,1986,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2009-08-12">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F34620FFC9FDA7CAB4FD2150D8" box="[517,696,1986,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="2009-08-12">12 August 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FD60CAB4FCA450D8" box="[706,829,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<collectorName id="26AA530D4620FFC9FD60CAB4FD6650D8" box="[706,767,1986,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Steyn</collectorName>
1565
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4620FFC9FCE9CAB4FC1D50D8" box="[843,900,1986,2011]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C864620FFC9FC34CAB4FDB450FC" collectingDate="1951-09-03" collectionCode="DA, NBG" country="South Africa" location="Groot Vlei" municipality="Namaqualand District" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B84ACA14620FFC9FC34CAB4FB1650D8" box="[918,1167,1986,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Namaqualand District</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8E8060004620FFC9FB3BCAB4FA8A50D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E8060004620FFC9FB3BCAB4FA8A50D8" box="[1177,1299,1986,2011]" country="South Africa" municipality="Namaqualand District" name="Groot Vlei" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Groot Vlei</location>
, (2918 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4620FFC9FAC2CAB4FA1250D8" box="[1376,1419,1986,2011]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">DA</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B4620FFC9FA3FCAB4FEA650FC" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="1951-09-03">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F34620FFC9FA3FCAB4FEA650FC" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="1951-09-03">3 September 1951</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FEE8CA90FE4E50FC" box="[330,471,2022,2047]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D584620FFC9FEE8CA90FE3E50FC" box="[330,423,2022,2047]" genus="Johnson" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="genus">Johnson</taxonomicName>
204
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4620FFC9FE46CA90FDBC50FC" box="[484,549,2022,2047]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15565" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Herbarium">NBG</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C864620FFC9FD95CA90FD4F50FC" box="[567,726,2022,2047]" country="South Africa" location="Namaqualand" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E8060004620FFC9FD95CA90FD4F50FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E8060004620FFC9FD95CA90FD4F50FC" box="[567,726,2022,2047]" country="South Africa" name="Namaqualand" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Namaqualand</location>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C864620FFC9FD42CA90FCE250FC" box="[736,891,2022,2047]" country="South Africa" location="Kamieskroon" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E8060004620FFC9FD42CA90FCE250FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E8060004620FFC9FD42CA90FCE250FC" box="[736,891,2022,2047]" country="South Africa" name="Kamieskroon" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Kamieskroon</location>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C864620FFC9FC26CA90FCA65F20" collectingDate="1952-09-25" collectionCode="BB, PRE" collectorName="Acocks" country="South Africa" elevation="762" location="Kamieskroon" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1">
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4620FFC9FC26CA90FC4C50FC" box="[900,981,2022,2047]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1265408" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="mi" value="7.0">7 miles</quantity>
[
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4620FFC9FC40CA90FBB250FC" box="[994,1067,2022,2047]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="km" value="11.0">11 km</quantity>
] N. by W. of 
<location id="8E8060004620FFC9FB1BCA90FACA50FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E8060004620FFC9FB1BCA90FACA50FC" box="[1209,1363,2022,2047]" country="South Africa" name="Kamieskroon" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Kamieskroon</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4620FFC9FAFFCA90FA3250FC" box="[1373,1451,2022,2047]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="ft" value="2500.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E84620FFC9FAFFCA90FA3250FC" box="[1373,1451,2022,2047]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="ft" value="2500.0">2500 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
[
<quantity id="4CA79B3E4620FFC9FF2DC57CFF455F20" box="[143,220,2058,2083]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="m" value="760.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E84620FFC9FF2DC57CFF455F20" box="[143,220,2058,2083]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" unit="m" value="760.0">760 m</elevation>
</quantity>
], (3017 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4620FFC9FE91C57CFEC05F20" box="[307,345,2058,2083]" country="0" name="Buffalo Bill Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">BB</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B4620FFC9FECEC57CFDD15F20" box="[364,584,2058,2083]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="1952-09-25">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F34620FFC9FECEC57CFDD15F20" box="[364,584,2058,2083]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="1952-09-25">25 September 1952</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC94620FFC9FDF1C57CFD765F20" box="[595,751,2058,2083]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">
<collectorName id="26AA530D4620FFC9FDF1C57CFD3B5F20" box="[595,674,2058,2083]" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Acocks</collectorName>
16476
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4620FFC9FD5FC57CFCAF5F20" box="[765,822,2058,2083]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C864620FFC9FCE8C57CFC705F20" box="[842,1001,2058,2083]" country="South Africa" location="Namaqualand" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E8060004620FFC9FCE8C57CFC705F20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E8060004620FFC9FCE8C57CFC705F20" box="[842,1001,2058,2083]" country="South Africa" name="Namaqualand" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Namaqualand</location>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C864620FFC6FC56C57CFE5157BA" collectingDate="1936-12-15" collectionCode="BB, PRE" collectorName="Adamson" country="South Africa" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="109" location="Kamieskroon" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E8060004620FFC9FC56C57CFB175F20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E8060004620FFC9FC56C57CFB175F20" box="[1012,1166,2058,2083]" country="South Africa" name="Kamieskroon" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">Kamieskroon</location>
, (3017 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E4620FFC9FB7EC57CFA9B5F20" box="[1244,1282,2058,2083]" country="0" name="Buffalo Bill Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="108">BB</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B4620FFC6FAB4C57CFF5A57BA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="1936-12-15">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F34620FFC6FAB4C57CFF5A57BA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="7" pageNumber="108" value="1936-12-15">15 December 1936</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FF6DCDD6FEEE57BA" box="[207,375,160,185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FF6DCDD6FEAE57BA" box="[207,311,160,185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Adamson</collectorName>
1422
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FE25CDD6FE5957BA" box="[391,448,160,185]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FE77CDD6FCB257DE" collectingDate="2010-12-29" collectionCode="BB, PRE" collectorName="Koekemoer" country="South Africa" elevation="689" location="Namaqua National Park. On" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FE77CDD6FC8D57BA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FE77CDD6FC8D57BA" box="[469,788,160,185]" country="South Africa" name="Namaqua National Park. On" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Namaqua National Park. On</location>
the cement road 
<locationDeviation id="9A522FF9462FFFC6FC7BCDD6FAEC57BA" box="[985,1397,160,185]" firstLocation="Skilpad" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" secondLocation="Soebatsfontein">between Skilpad and Soebatsfontein</locationDeviation>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FA23CDD6FF3957DE" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.89" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="689.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FA23CDD6FF3957DE" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.89" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="689.0">689 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (3017 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FF50CDB2FE8157DE" box="[242,280,196,221]" country="0" name="Buffalo Bill Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">BB</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FE8CCDB2FD9357DE" box="[302,522,196,221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2010-12-29">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FE8CCDB2FD9357DE" box="[302,522,196,221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2010-12-29">29 December 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FDBACDB2FD4157DE" box="[536,728,196,221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FDBACDB2FD0157DE" box="[536,664,196,221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Koekemoer</collectorName>
3996
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FD4BCDB2FCBB57DE" box="[745,802,196,221]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FC9ACDB2FBEC5602" collectingDate="2011-08-11" collectionCode="BB, PRE" collectorName="Steyn" country="South Africa" elevation="100" location="Namaqualand District. Namaqua National Park" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FC9ACDB2FACC57DE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FC9ACDB2FACC57DE" box="[824,1365,196,221]" country="South Africa" name="Namaqualand District. Namaqua National Park" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Namaqualand District. Namaqua National Park</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FAC1CDB2FA3557DE" box="[1379,1452,196,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FAC1CDB2FA3557DE" box="[1379,1452,196,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
S of view point on circular route, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FDAFCD9EFDCE5602" box="[525,599,232,257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.909999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="691.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FDAFCD9EFDCE5602" box="[525,599,232,257]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.909999999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="691.0">691 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (3017 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FD0BCD9EFD565602" box="[681,719,232,257]" country="0" name="Buffalo Bill Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">BB</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FD46CD9EFC005602" box="[740,921,232,257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2011-08-11">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FD46CD9EFC005602" box="[740,921,232,257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2011-08-11">11 August 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FC04CD9EFBBA5602" box="[934,1059,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FC04CD9EFC7A5602" box="[934,995,232,257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Steyn</collectorName>
1860
</emphasis>
(
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)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FB20CD9EFBE45626" collectingDate="2010-09-02" collectionCode="BB, PRE" collectorName="Steyn" country="South Africa" elevation="765" location="Namaqualand District. No Heep" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FB20CD9EFF5A5626" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FB20CD9EFF5A5626" country="South Africa" name="Namaqualand District. No Heep" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Namaqualand District. No Heep</location>
road 
<locationDeviation id="9A522FF9462FFFC6FEAACC7AFE785626" box="[264,481,268,293]" location="Kamieskroon" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">N of Kamieskroon</locationDeviation>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FE4DCC7AFDA25626" box="[495,571,268,293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.65" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="765.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FE4DCC7AFDA25626" box="[495,571,268,293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.65" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="765.0">765 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (3017 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FD2FCC7AFD2A5626" box="[653,691,268,293]" country="0" name="Buffalo Bill Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">BB</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FD68CC7AFC075626" box="[714,926,268,293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2010-09-02">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FD68CC7AFC075626" box="[714,926,268,293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2010-09-02">2 September 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FC0ECC7AFBB35626" box="[940,1066,268,293]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FC0ECC7AFC705626" box="[940,1001,268,293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Steyn</collectorName>
1767
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FB9ECC7AFBEC5626" box="[1084,1141,268,293]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FB29CC7AFC4E564A" collectingDate="2001-09-10" collectionCode="BB, KMG, PRE" collectorName="Venter JV" country="South Africa" elevation="750" location="Kamieskroon. Bloupoort" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FB29CC7AFA3E5626" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FB29CC7AFA3E5626" box="[1163,1447,268,293]" country="South Africa" name="Kamieskroon. Bloupoort" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Kamieskroon. Bloupoort</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FF2ACC46FF48564A" box="[136,209,304,329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="750.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FF2ACC46FF48564A" box="[136,209,304,329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="750.0">750 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (3017 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FE82CC46FEDF564A" box="[288,326,304,329]" country="0" name="Buffalo Bill Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">BB</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FEF8CC46FDAC564A" box="[346,565,304,329]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2001-09-10">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FEF8CC46FDAC564A" box="[346,565,304,329]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2001-09-10">10 September 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FDE2CC46FCA1564A" box="[576,824,304,329]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FDE2CC46FD36564A" box="[576,687,304,329]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Venter JV</collectorName>
9599(JV-52)
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FCE4CC46FC15564A" box="[838,908,304,329]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13561" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13561" name="McGregor Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">KMG</collectionCode>
, 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FC34CC46FC57564A" box="[918,974,304,329]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FC40CC46FC1C566E" collectingDate="1910-12-07" collectionCode="DD, BOL" collectorName="Pillans" country="South Africa" location="Garies" municipality="Namaqualand. In valley" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B84ACA1462FFFC6FC40CC46FB75564A" box="[994,1260,304,329]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Namaqualand. In valley</collectingMunicipality>
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FB51CC46FADC564A" box="[1267,1349,304,329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 miles</quantity>
[
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FAF0CC46FA3C564A" box="[1362,1445,304,329]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="km" value="3.2">3.2 km</quantity>
] west of 
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FF47CC22FEA8566E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FF47CC22FEA8566E" box="[229,305,340,365]" country="South Africa" municipality="Namaqualand. In valley" name="Garies" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Garies</location>
, (3017 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FE23CC22FE35566E" box="[385,428,340,365]" country="India" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13033" name="Forest Research Institute, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">DD</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FE60CC22FD09566E" box="[450,656,340,365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="1910-12-07">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FE60CC22FD09566E" box="[450,656,340,365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="1910-12-07">7 December 1910</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FD3CCC22FCB7566E" box="[670,814,340,365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FD3CCC22FD74566E" box="[670,749,340,365]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Pillans</collectorName>
5640
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FCE2CC22FCE7566E" box="[832,894,340,365]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" name="University of Cape Town" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">BOL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FC31CC22FD5C5692" collectingDate="2015-10-04" collectionCode="AA, PRE" collectorName="Steyn" country="South Africa" elevation="1043" location="Namaqualand District." pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FC31CC22FB0D566E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FC31CC22FB0D566E" box="[915,1172,340,365]" country="South Africa" name="Namaqualand District." pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Namaqualand District.</location>
<locationDeviation id="9A522FF9462FFFC6FB3ECC22FAFF566E" box="[1180,1382,340,365]" location="Leliefontein" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">N of Leliefontein</locationDeviation>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FAD1CC22FF395692" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.043" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="1043.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FAD1CC22FF395692" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.043" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="1043.0">1043 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (3018 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FF53CC0EFE855692" box="[241,284,376,401]" country="Kazakhstan" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13590" name="Ministry of Science, Academy of Sciences" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">AA</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FE90CC0EFE715692" box="[306,488,376,401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2015-10-04">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FE90CC0EFE715692" box="[306,488,376,401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2015-10-04">4 October 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FE54CC0EFDEB5692" box="[502,626,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FE54CC0EFDAA5692" box="[502,563,376,401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Steyn</collectorName>
2119
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FD21CC0EFD255692" box="[643,700,376,401]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FD70CC0EFA3E56B6" collectingDate="1911-01-17" collectionCode="AC, BOL" collectorName="Pearson" country="South Africa" county="Khamiesberg. Sandy" elevation="1524" location="Leliefontein Mission Station" municipality="Beacon" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="62814E57462FFFC6FD70CC0EFC275692" box="[722,958,376,401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Khamiesberg. Sandy</collectingCounty>
ground at foot of 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B84ACA1462FFFC6FB37CC0EFB705692" box="[1173,1257,376,401]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Beacon</collectingMunicipality>
hill 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FA83CC0EFAEF5692" box="[1313,1398,376,401]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.218688" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="mi" value="2.0">2 miles</quantity>
[
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FA24CC0EFF3656B6" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="km" value="3.2">3.2 km</quantity>
] south east of 
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FEF0CCEAFD0C56B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FEF0CCEAFD0C56B6" box="[338,661,412,437]" country="South Africa" county="Khamiesberg. Sandy" municipality="Beacon" name="Leliefontein Mission Station" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Leliefontein Mission Station</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FD03CCEAFD6856B6" box="[673,753,412,437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="ft" value="5000.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FD03CCEAFD6856B6" box="[673,753,412,437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="ft" value="5000.0">5000 ft</elevation>
</quantity>
[
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FD5DCCEAFCC256B6" box="[767,859,412,437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FD5DCCEAFCC256B6" box="[767,859,412,437]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
], (3018 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FC13CCEAFC4256B6" box="[945,987,412,437]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12582" name="Amherst College, Beneski Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="University or college">AC</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FC4CCCEAFB3056B6" box="[1006,1193,412,437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="1911-01-17">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FC4CCCEAFB3056B6" box="[1006,1193,412,437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="1911-01-17">17 January 1911</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FB17CCEAFACB56B6" box="[1205,1362,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FB17CCEAFA8B56B6" box="[1205,1298,412,437]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Pearson</collectorName>
6378
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FAC3CCEAFA0656B6" box="[1377,1439,412,437]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" name="University of Cape Town" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">BOL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FF2ACCB6FF4C56DA" box="[136,213,448,473]" country="South Africa" location="Garies" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FF2ACCB6FF4C56DA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FF2ACCB6FF4C56DA" box="[136,213,448,473]" country="South Africa" name="Garies" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Garies</location>
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FF41CCB6FF485522" collectingDate="2009-08-22" collectingDateMax="2012-08-27" collectingDateMin="2009-08-22" collectionCode="CA, PRE, CD" collectorName="Steyn" country="South Africa" elevation="491" location="Kwanous" municipality="Namaqualand District" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
on track 
<locationDeviation id="9A522FF9462FFFC6FEE9CCB6FC8856DA" box="[331,785,448,473]" firstLocation="Buffelsfontein" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" secondLocation="Doornkraal">between Buffelsfontein and Doornkraal</locationDeviation>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FC82CCB6FCF556DA" box="[800,876,448,473]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.91" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="491.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FC82CCB6FCF556DA" box="[800,876,448,473]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.91" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="491.0">491 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (3018 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FC1FCCB6FC7E56DA" box="[957,999,448,473]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FC5FCCB6FB2E56DA" box="[1021,1207,448,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2009-08-22">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FC5FCCB6FB2E56DA" box="[1021,1207,448,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2009-08-22">22 August 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FB67CCB6FACC56DA" box="[1221,1365,448,473]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FB67CCB6FA9B56DA" box="[1221,1282,448,473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Steyn</collectorName>
1681B
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FAC4CCB6FA0656DA" box="[1382,1439,448,473]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
). 
<collectingRegion id="499BF839462FFFC6FF2ACC92FEB156FE" box="[136,296,484,509]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B84ACA1462FFFC6FE93CC92FDB256FE" box="[305,555,484,509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Namaqualand District</collectingMunicipality>
. Farm Eenkokerboom/ 
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FC8CCC92FC0F56FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FC8CCC92FC0F56FE" box="[814,918,484,509]" country="South Africa" municipality="Namaqualand District" name="Kwanous" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" stateProvince="Western Cape">Kwanous</location>
, 
<quantity id="4CA79B3E462FFFC6FC02CC92FC7056FE" box="[928,1001,484,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="320.0">
<elevation id="0072D1E8462FFFC6FC02CC92FC7056FE" box="[928,1001,484,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" unit="m" value="320.0">320 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, (3018 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FB95CC92FBF956FE" box="[1079,1120,484,509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">CD</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FBD1CC92FABF56FE" box="[1139,1318,484,509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2012-08-27">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FBD1CC92FABF56FE" box="[1139,1318,484,509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="2012-08-27">27 August 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FA92CC92FA3256FE" box="[1328,1451,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FA92CC92FAF456FE" box="[1328,1389,484,509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Steyn</collectorName>
1893
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FF32CF7EFF505522" box="[144,201,520,545]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B373C86462FFFC6FF7CCF7EFDC95546" collectingDate="1908-12-21" collectionCode="DA, BOL, P, S" collectorName="Pearson &amp; Without" country="South Africa" county="Bushmanland" location="Drege" municipality="Upper. Near Nieuwfontein" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="62814E57462FFFC6FF7CCF7EFEE15522" box="[222,376,520,545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Bushmanland</collectingCounty>
and 
<collectingMunicipality id="6B84ACA1462FFFC6FE12CF7EFD465522" box="[432,735,520,545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Upper. Near Nieuwfontein</collectingMunicipality>
, (3018 
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FC8FCF7EFCC15522" box="[813,856,520,545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">DA</collectionCode>
), 
<date id="FFE1101B462FFFC6FCCFCF7EFBDE5522" box="[877,1095,520,545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="1908-12-21">
<collectingDate id="EFA5E9F3462FFFC6FCCFCF7EFBDE5522" box="[877,1095,520,545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" value="1908-12-21">21 December 1908</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FBF0CF7EFB695522" box="[1106,1264,520,545]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FBF0CF7EFB365522" box="[1106,1199,520,545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Pearson</collectorName>
3317
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FAA2CF7EFAA75522" box="[1280,1342,520,545]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15865" name="University of Cape Town" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">BOL</collectionCode>
). 
<collectorName id="26AA530D462FFFC6FAF3CF7EFA355522" box="[1361,1452,520,545]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Without</collectorName>
precise locality: 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FEE3CF5AFE5F5546" box="[321,454,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<location id="8E806000462FFFC6FEE3CF5AFE1E5546" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F687CD4624FFC6FF2AC9DAFEE753AA:8E806000462FFFC6FEE3CF5AFE1E5546" box="[321,391,556,581]" country="South Africa" county="Bushmanland" municipality="Upper. Near Nieuwfontein" name="Drege" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Drège</location>
2436
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FE74CF5AFE715546" box="[470,488,556,581]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
), 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FE5FCF5AFDBD5546" box="[509,548,556,581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">s.n.</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4EAE1E462FFFC6FD97CF5AFDDF5546" box="[565,582,556,581]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE036DB462FFFC6FF1FCF26FB28558E" blockId="8.[136,1452,160,1193]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FF1FCF26FE90556A" bold="true" box="[189,265,592,617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Notes:</emphasis>
— 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FE84CF26FE7F556A" box="[294,486,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Koekemoer 3996</emphasis>
has villose leaves and antrorse hairs on the bracts but is here included in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FA9DCF26FA35556A" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="H. M. Steyn" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[1343,1452,592,617]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FA9DCF26FA35556A" box="[1343,1452,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">A. glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rather than in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FE86CF02FE15558E" authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityYear="1937" baseAuthorityName="S. Moore" box="[292,396,628,653]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scullyi">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FE86CF02FE15558E" box="[292,396,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">A. scullyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the oblong, truncate bracts ending in five simple primary spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE036DB462FFFC6FF1FCFEEFBD554F6" blockId="8.[136,1452,160,1193]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
“ 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FF68CFEEFE1855B2" box="[202,385,664,689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaber">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FF68CFEEFE1855B2" box="[202,385,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Acanthus glaber</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” was proposed by Meyer in 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FD1FCFEEFCC855B2" author="Drege, J. F." box="[701,849,664,689]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" refId="ref12531" refString="Drege, J. F. (1843) Zwei Pflanzengeographische Documente, nebst einer Einleitung von Dr. E. Meyer. Regensburg, Leipzig, 230 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 87612" type="book" year="1843">Drège (1843)</bibRefCitation>
based on a herbarium specimen in Drège’s herbarium, but it was not validly published because no diagnosis or description was provided. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FB90CFCAFAF855D6" author="Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D." box="[1074,1377,700,725]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="46 - 519" refId="ref13072" refString="Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D. (1847) Acanthaceae. In: Candolle, A. de. (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 11. Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris, pp. 46 - 519." type="book chapter" year="1847">Nees von Esenbeck (1847)</bibRefCitation>
firstly validly published the name 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FE65CF96FD5D55FA" authorityName="Nees von Esenbeck" authorityYear="1847" box="[455,708,736,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabrum">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FE65CF96FD5D55FA" box="[455,708,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Acanthodium glabrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for the taxon with citing 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FC4CCF96FB3055FA" box="[1006,1193,736,761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glaber">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FC4CCF96FB3055FA" box="[1006,1193,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Acanthus glaber</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FAFDCF96FF4A541E" author="Schinz, H." pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="179 - 230" refId="ref13310" refString="Schinz, H. (1890) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora von Deutsch-Sudwest-Afrika und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins fur die Provinz Brandenbrug und die Angrenzenden Lander 31: 179 - 230." type="journal article" year="1890">Schinz (1890)</bibRefCitation>
treated it as a variety of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FE55CE72FC9D541E" authorityName=", Drege" authorityYear="1843" box="[503,772,772,797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carduifolia">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FE55CE72FC9D541E" box="[503,772,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Acanthopsis carduifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(L.f.) 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FCF0CE72FBB4541E" author="Schinz, H." box="[850,1069,772,797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="179 - 230" refId="ref13310" refString="Schinz, H. (1890) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora von Deutsch-Sudwest-Afrika und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins fur die Provinz Brandenbrug und die Angrenzenden Lander 31: 179 - 230." type="journal article" year="1890">Schinz (1890: 200)</bibRefCitation>
and the authorship of the 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FAFCCE72FF5C5442" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" rank="variety" variety="name">variety name</taxonomicName>
was incorrectly attributed to “(E.Mey.) Schinz”.The correct author citation of the variety 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FB03CE5EFE9E5466" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1890" baseAuthorityName="Nees" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="carduifolia" variety="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FB03CE5EFA325442" box="[1185,1451,808,833]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Acanthopsis carduifolia</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FF1ECE3AFE9E5466" box="[188,263,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is therefore (Nees) Schinz. Simultaneously, Schinz published an additional variety, 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FB78CE3AFE6F548A" authority="Schinz (1890: 200)" authorityName="Schinz" authorityPageNumber="200" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="carduifolia" variety="longearistata">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FB78CE3AFAEE5466" box="[1242,1399,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">A. carduifolia</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FF2ACE06FE84548A" box="[136,285,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">longearistata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FE81CE06FE6F548A" author="Schinz, H." box="[291,502,880,905]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="179 - 230" refId="ref13310" refString="Schinz, H. (1890) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora von Deutsch-Sudwest-Afrika und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins fur die Provinz Brandenbrug und die Angrenzenden Lander 31: 179 - 230." type="journal article" year="1890">Schinz (1890: 200)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
based on a specimen (
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FD49CE06FCEF548A" box="[747,886,880,905]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Schenck 318</emphasis>
) collected at “Aus in Gross-Namaland” [
<collectingCountry id="F348764B462FFFC6FA9ACE06FA3B548A" box="[1336,1442,880,905]" name="Namibia" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Namibia</collectingCountry>
]. This specimen (
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FE9CCEE2FE5454AE" box="[318,461,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Schenck 318</emphasis>
) could not be traced and verified and therefore this name is excluded from the current treatment. In his treatment of the genus for Flora Capensis, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FC87CECEFC5854D2" author="Clarke, C. B." box="[805,961,952,977]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref12444" refString="Clarke, C. B. (1901) Acanthaceae. In: Thiselton-Dyer, W. T. (Ed.) Flora capensis 5, 1. Lovell Reeve &amp; Co., London, pp. 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 821" type="book chapter" year="1901">Clarke (1901)</bibRefCitation>
upheld 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FBBECECEFB0E54D2" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1890" baseAuthorityName="Nees" box="[1052,1175,952,977]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="carduifolia" variety="glabra">
var. 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FBEECECEFB0E54D2" box="[1100,1175,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but did not mention 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FA20CECEFE8454F6" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="carduifolia" variety="longearistata">
var. 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FF2ACEAAFE8454F6" box="[136,285,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">longearistata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FE89CEAAFE5F54F6" author="Meyer, P. G." box="[299,454,988,1013]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" refId="ref12974" refString="Meyer, P. G. (1961) Die Acanthaceae und Euphorbiaceae Sudwestafrikas. Publisher unknown, Munchen, 151 pp." type="book" year="1961">Meyer (1961)</bibRefCitation>
sunk 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FDABCEAAFCE954F6" authorityName="Schinz" authorityYear="1890" box="[521,880,988,1013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="carduifolia" variety="longearistata">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FDABCEAAFD3A54F6" box="[521,675,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">A. carduifolia</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FD79CEAAFCE954F6" box="[731,880,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">longearistata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FC1CCEAAFBDC54F6" authorityName="Nees von Esenbeck" authorityYear="1847" box="[958,1093,988,1013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="disperma">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FC1CCEAAFBDC54F6" box="[958,1093,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">A. disperma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE036DB462FFFC6FF1FC976FEE753AA" blockId="8.[136,1452,160,1193]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">
Although 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FE88C976FE71531A" author="Anderson, T." box="[298,488,1024,1049]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="13 - 54" refId="ref12377" refString="Anderson, T. (1864) An enumeration of the species of Acanthaceae from the continent and the adjacent islands. Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society 7: 13 - 54." type="journal article" year="1864">Anderson (1864)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FE53C976FD15531A" author="Schinz, H." box="[497,652,1024,1049]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="179 - 230" refId="ref13310" refString="Schinz, H. (1890) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Flora von Deutsch-Sudwest-Afrika und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Verhandlungen des Botanischen Vereins fur die Provinz Brandenbrug und die Angrenzenden Lander 31: 179 - 230." type="journal article" year="1890">Schinz (1890)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FD1FC976FCCE531A" author="Clarke, C. B." box="[701,855,1024,1049]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref12444" refString="Clarke, C. B. (1901) Acanthaceae. In: Thiselton-Dyer, W. T. (Ed.) Flora capensis 5, 1. Lovell Reeve &amp; Co., London, pp. 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 821" type="book chapter" year="1901">Clarke (1901)</bibRefCitation>
treated 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FC0EC976FB1D531A" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="H. M. Steyn" baseAuthorityYear="2017" box="[940,1156,1024,1049]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FC0EC976FB1D531A" box="[940,1156,1024,1049]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Acanthopsis glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a variety of 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FA80C976FE31533E" authority=", Drege (1843)" authorityName=", Drege" authorityYear="1843" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carduifolia">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FA80C976FE93533E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Acanthopsis carduifolia,</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FEB0C952FE31533E" author="Drege, J. F." box="[274,424,1060,1085]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" refId="ref12531" refString="Drege, J. F. (1843) Zwei Pflanzengeographische Documente, nebst einer Einleitung von Dr. E. Meyer. Regensburg, Leipzig, 230 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 87612" type="book" year="1843">Drège (1843)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FE7CC952FC95533E" author="Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D." box="[478,780,1060,1085]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="46 - 519" refId="ref13072" refString="Nees von Esenbeck, C. G. D. (1847) Acanthaceae. In: Candolle, A. de. (Ed.) Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis 11. Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris, pp. 46 - 519." type="book chapter" year="1847">Nees von Esenbeck (1847)</bibRefCitation>
recognised it at species level in 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FBD5C952FB46533E" box="[1143,1247,1060,1085]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FBD5C952FB46533E" box="[1143,1247,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Acanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FAB4C952FA32533E" box="[1302,1451,1060,1085]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FAB4C952FA32533E" box="[1302,1451,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">Acanthodium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
respectively. Until more information becomes available, we have decided to follow Drège and Nees in recognizing 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FA31C93EFF4A5386" authorityName="H. M. Steyn" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="H. M. Steyn" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FA31C93EFF4A5386" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">A. glabra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a distinct species as the latter is probably more closely related to 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FC1DC91AFA325386" authority="(S. Moore) Obermeyer (1937: 138)" authorityName="Obermeyer" authorityPageNumber="138" authorityYear="1937" baseAuthorityName="S. Moore" box="[959,1451,1132,1157]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scullyi">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FC1DC91AFBBF5386" box="[959,1062,1132,1157]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">A. scullyi</emphasis>
(S.Moore) 
<bibRefCitation id="EFCE4B2A462FFFC6FB07C91AFA325386" author="Obermeyer, A. A." box="[1189,1451,1132,1157]" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" pagination="105 - 139" refId="ref13166" refString="Obermeyer, A. A. (1937) The South African species of Blepharis. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 14: 105 - 139." type="journal article" year="1937">Obermeyer (1937: 138)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
than to 
<taxonomicName id="4C5F4D58462FFFC6FF7EC9E6FEEF53AA" authorityName=", Drege" authorityYear="1843" box="[220,374,1168,1193]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Acanthopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carduifolia">
<emphasis id="B92BEAC9462FFFC6FF7EC9E6FEEF53AA" box="[220,374,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="109">A. carduifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>