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<document id="751D652EEC1029E467F596580086350D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385386" ID-ZooBank="2DB3A5B7-4292-4CD9-B6D8-FA97EB48DD16" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1733917054948" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moghaddam, Masumeh &amp; Watson, Gillian W." docDate="2024" docId="981B8798FFC2392F92DA941737A8DDBA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5542.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5542 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Saissetia miranda" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="97" masterDocId="6422FFE0FF9D394F924D97543531DD43" masterDocTitle="The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families" masterLastPageNumber="202" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="96" updateTime="1734100020587" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="5DC534EAAA4E7F5BC799C6A75C43B7F8">The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1EF2CEF3256996F05F772A2649E6A9D3">Moghaddam, Masumeh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3D87889778124C1816474E3E2E92F031">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="791E6DE79871E3DA6C09DC361355BF7B">Watson, Gillian W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D45AE82D3D2E8C0328D4EB7E0A0456B5" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9914-0094</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9A59BEF55AA7122E26C53012AF296AAC">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran. &amp; Science: Research, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K. gillian. watson @ nhm. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9914 - 0094 * Corresponding author. moghadam @ iripp. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0908 - 838 X &amp; Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="779E6CB273E9EAFA34817BB99CCED142">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="981B8798FFC2392F92DA941737A8DDBA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:981B8798FFC2392F92DA941737A8DDBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/981B8798FFC2392F92DA941737A8DDBA" lastPageId="96" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC2391092DA94173614DE1F" box="[151,805,834,861]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC2391092DA94173614DE1F" blockId="95.[151,805,834,897]" box="[151,805,834,861]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<heading id="4B4581E2FFC2391092DA94173614DE1F" bold="true" box="[151,805,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" reason="4">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391092DA94173614DE1F" bold="true" box="[151,805,834,861]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC2391092DA9417345EDE1E" ID-CoL="4TZPC" authority="(Cockerell &amp; Parrott, 1899)" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell &amp; Parrott" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[151,367,834,861]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miranda">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391092DA9417345EDE1E" bold="true" box="[151,367,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Saissetia miranda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Cockerell &amp; Parrott
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391090CE941737AADE1E" bold="true" box="[643,667,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">in</emphasis>
Cockerell)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC2391092DA94333638DEC2" box="[151,777,871,897]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="description">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC2391092DA94333638DEC2" blockId="95.[151,805,834,897]" box="[151,777,871,897]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
(
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFFC2391092D2943335C3DEC2" box="[159,242,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="96.[151,250,1865,1889]" captionTargetBox="[159,1428,278,1833]" captionTargetId="figure-53@96.[151,1436,273,1842]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="FIGURE 41. Adult female of Saissetia miranda (Cockerell &amp; Parrott in Cockerell)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385536" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385536/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFFC2391092B39433347ADEC2" box="[254,331,871,897]" captionStart="PLATE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,234,1629,1653]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-22@8.[189,1398,181,1606]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="PLATE 3. Coccidae continued: A, Palaeolecanium bituberculatum (Signoret); B, Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché); C, Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae (Signoret); D, Rhizopulvinaria turkestanica (Archangelskaya); E-1 and E-2, Saissetia miranda (Cockerell &amp; Parrott); F, Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe); G, Stotzia ephedrae (Newstead)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385396" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385396/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Plate 3</figureCitation>
E-1 and E-2, distribution map
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFFC2391090ED94333630DEC2" box="[672,769,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 93" captionStartId="183.[151,250,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[217,1381,216,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-17@183.[206,1381,181,1797]" captionTargetPageId="183" captionText="FIGURE 93. Distribution maps of scale insect species in Iran covered in this work. A, Pulvinaria urbicola Cockerell; B, Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus); C, Rhizococcus asperulae Moghaddam; D, Rhizococcus avicennae Moghaddam; E, Rhizococcus borchsenii Danzig; F, Rhizococcus istresianus (Goux); G, Rhizococcus reynei (Schmutterer); H, Rhizococcus saxidesertus (Borchsenius); I, Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae (Signoret); J, Rhizopulvinaria turkestanica (Archangelskaya); K, Saissetia coffeae (Walker); L, Saissetia miranda (Cockerell &amp; Parrott); M, Saissetia oleae (Olivier); N, Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe); O, Stotzia ephedrae (Newstead)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385725/files/figure.png" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 93L</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC2391092DA94F83687DEA1" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC2391092DA94F83687DEA1" blockId="95.[151,1436,939,994]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="30A211A0FFC2391092DA94F83687DEA1" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC2391092DA94F83742DE80" ID-CoL="7JX8M" authority="Cockerell &amp; Parrott" authorityName="Cockerell &amp; Parrott" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,627,939,963]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Lecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oleae" subSpecies="mirandum">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391092DA94F83497DE80" box="[151,422,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Lecanium oleae mirandum</emphasis>
Cockerell &amp; Parrott
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910903494F837BCDE80" box="[633,653,940,963]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">in</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFFC2391090DF94FF3659DE80" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[658,872,939,963]" page="12" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1899">
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC2391090DF94FF3659DE80" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[658,872,939,963]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 37" refId="ref99613" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1899 a) Rhynchota, Hemiptera - Homoptera. Biologia Centrali-Americana, 2 (2), 1 - 37. Available from: https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / item / 14634 # page / 2 / mode / 1 up (accessed 31 January 2024)." type="journal article" year="1899">Cockerell, 1899a: 12</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC23910913F94FF3074DE80" ID-CoL="4TZPC" authority="(Cockerell &amp; Parrott)" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell &amp; Parrott" box="[882,1349,939,963]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="oleae" subSpecies="miranda">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910913F94FF3155DE80" box="[882,1124,939,963]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Saissetia oleae miranda</emphasis>
(Cockerell &amp; Parrott)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFFC23910970294FF3401DEA1" author="Fernald, M. E." page="206" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1903">
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC23910970294FF3401DEA1" author="Fernald, M. E." pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="1 - 360" refId="ref101196" refString="Fernald, M. E. (1903) A catalogue of the Coccidae of the world. Bulletin of the Hatch Experiment Station of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, 88, 1 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8533" type="journal article" year="1903">Fernald 1903: 206</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC239109377949E37E2DEA1" ID-CoL="4TZPC" authority="(Cockerell &amp; Parrott)" authorityName="Moghaddam et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell &amp; Parrott" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[314,723,970,994]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miranda">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC239109377949E34C1DEA1" box="[314,496,970,994]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Saissetia miranda</emphasis>
(Cockerell &amp; Parrott)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFFC239109090949E3683DEA1" author="De Lotto, G." box="[733,946,970,994]" page="419" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC239109090949E3683DEA1" author="De Lotto, G." box="[733,946,970,994]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="413 - 422" refId="ref100574" refString="De Lotto, G. (1969 a) On a few old and new soft scales and mealybugs (Homoptera: Coccoidea). Journal of the Entomological Society of southern Africa, 32, 413 - 422." type="journal article" year="1969">De Lotto 1969a: 419</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC2391092DA934431DFD90D" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC2391092DA934431DFD90D" blockId="95.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391092DA934434A5D969" bold="true" box="[151,404,1040,1066]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Field characteristics:</emphasis>
Adult females circular, highly convex; older specimens dark brown to black. Nymphs and young adult females with raised “H” pattern on dorsum, but this disappears in mature adult female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC23910928A930C3714DBB9" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC23910928A930C3468D9D5" blockId="95.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910928A930C34EAD931" bold="true" box="[199,475,1112,1138]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Microscopic diagnosis:</emphasis>
Slide-mounted adult female body circular, with shallow stigmatic clefts. Anal cleft moderately deep.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC23910928A93F53146D808" blockId="95.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910928A93F53410D9F9" box="[199,289,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Dorsum</emphasis>
. Derm membranous in young females; dermal areolations well developed in older females, usually each areolation containing a microduct. Setae short, conical, sharply pointed, distributed throughout. Tubular ducts absent. Duct tubercles, each with an inner filamentous ductule, present in submarginal row. Preopercular pores variable in size, present in a group of 6‒13 pores anterior to anal plates. Anal plates together quadrate, each plate triangular, with a large discal seta in addition to 3 apical setae. Anal ring bearing 8 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC23910928A92013623D898" blockId="95.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910928A9201342BD82D" box="[199,282,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Margin</emphasis>
. Marginal setae usually with bifid or fimbriate apices; numbering 40−60 between anterior stigmatic clefts, and with about 17‒20 setae on each side between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas, also with 1‒3 simple setae on each side of anal cleft opening. Stigmatic clefts very shallow, each containing 3 unequal setae; median seta longer than lateral setae, slightly bent, with a blunt apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC23910928A92B13714DBB9" blockId="95.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910928A92B1343ED8BD" box="[199,271,1509,1534]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Venter</emphasis>
. Derm membranous. Pregenital disc-pores mostly each with 10 loculi, present around anogenital fold, and across all preceding abdominal segments; a few occasionally also present medially on metathorax. Spiracular disc-pores each with 5 loculi, present in 1 or 2 rows in each spiracular furrow. Microducts present throughout. Three pregenital segments each with a pair of long setae; also 1 pair of long and 3 pairs of short setae between antennal bases; other setae small and scattered. Tubular ducts of
<specimenCount id="06B4FD07FFC23910914291203669DBCC" box="[783,856,1652,1679]" count="1" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="generic" typeStatus="type">1 type</specimenCount>
, present in submarginal zone, each duct possessing a narrow inner ductule and a flower-shaped terminal gland. Antennae each with 8 segments. Legs well developed, each with a tibio-tarsal articulation and articulatory sclerosis; claw without denticle; claw digitules both broad and shorter than narrow tarsal digitules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC23910928A905037E9DA90" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC23910928A905030A4DA24" blockId="95.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910928A90503452DA5D" bold="true" box="[199,355,1796,1822]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Distribution:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC2391093209050370ADA5D" authorityName="Moghaddam et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell &amp; Parrott" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[365,571,1796,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miranda">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391093209050370ADA5D" box="[365,571,1796,1822]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Saissetia miranda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a species of African origin but is now known from 37 countries in the Afrotropical, Nearctic, Neotropical, Oriental and Palaearctic regions (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC2391091E6907C31D0DA01" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." box="[939,1249,1832,1859]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910962E907D31A4DA01" box="[1123,1173,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC23910975E907D3072DA00" box="[1299,1347,1833,1859]" name="Iran" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Iran</collectingCountry>
, it is an alien introduced species that has been found in
<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFFC2391090E7901937ECDA24" box="[682,733,1869,1895]" country="Iran" name="Fars" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fars</collectingRegion>
, Sistan &amp; Balouchestan provinces (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC239109624901830BBDA24" author="Moghaddam, M. &amp; Sahraian, H. &amp; Abbasi, J." box="[1129,1418,1868,1895]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="228 - 231" refId="ref106473" refString="Moghaddam, M., Sahraian, H. &amp; Abbasi, J. (2015 b) The first record of invasive soft scale of Saissetia miranda (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) and with an identification key to species of genus Saissetia in Iran. Proceedings and Abstracts, 1 st Iranian International Congress of EntomologyTehran, Iran, 29 - 31 August 2015, 228 - 231." type="book chapter" year="2015">
Moghaddam
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391096B290193000DA25" box="[1279,1329,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">et al</emphasis>
. 2015b
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC23910928A902437E9DA90" blockId="95.[151,1437,1040,2003]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910928A9024346ADAC9" bold="true" box="[199,347,1904,1930]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Host-plants:</emphasis>
The species is polyphagous, having been recorded on host-plants in 59 genera belonging to 27 families (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC2391092B290C0371CDAED" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." box="[255,557,1940,1967]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391093FE90C134D5DAED" box="[435,484,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). In
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC23910901190C137BDDAEC" box="[604,652,1941,1967]" name="Iran" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Iran</collectingCountry>
, it has been found on
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC23910913190C03178DAED" box="[892,1097,1940,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Tachinidae" genus="Melia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azadirachta">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910913190C03178DAED" box="[892,1097,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Melia azadirachta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC23910961A90C031E1DAED" box="[1111,1232,1940,1966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Meliaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC2391096AF90C1305FDAED" baseAuthorityName="Bodenheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[1250,1390,1941,1966]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carica">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391096AF90C1305FDAED" box="[1250,1390,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Ficus carica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC2391092DA90ED3427DA91" box="[151,278,1976,2002]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="religiosa">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC2391092DA90ED3427DA91" box="[151,278,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">F. religiosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC23910936990EC34A7DA91" box="[292,406,1976,2002]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC2391093E190EC37FDDA90" author="Moghaddam, M. &amp; Sahraian, H. &amp; Abbasi, J." box="[428,716,1976,2003]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="228 - 231" refId="ref106473" refString="Moghaddam, M., Sahraian, H. &amp; Abbasi, J. (2015 b) The first record of invasive soft scale of Saissetia miranda (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) and with an identification key to species of genus Saissetia in Iran. Proceedings and Abstracts, 1 st Iranian International Congress of EntomologyTehran, Iran, 29 - 31 August 2015, 228 - 231." type="book chapter" year="2015">
Moghaddam
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC23910900F90ED3742DA91" box="[578,627,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">et al</emphasis>
. 2015b
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFFD392F928A97C237A8DDBA" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFFD392F928A97C237CBDD96" blockId="96.[151,1436,150,249]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFFD392F928A97C234EADDF3" bold="true" box="[199,475,150,176]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Economic importance:</emphasis>
Recently, there have been some unofficial records of
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFFD392F962D97C331D1DDF2" authorityName="Moghaddam et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Cockerell &amp; Parrott" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1120,1248,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Saissetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miranda">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFFD392F962D97C331D1DDF2" box="[1120,1248,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">S. miranda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
causing serious damage on
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFFD392F935597EF3494DD97" baseAuthorityName="Bodenheimer" baseAuthorityYear="1944" box="[280,421,187,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carica">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFFD392F935597EF3494DD97" box="[280,421,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Ficus carica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the south and north of
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFFD392F908B97EF37C6DD96" box="[710,759,187,213]" name="Iran" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFFD392F928A978B37A8DDBA" blockId="96.[151,1436,150,249]" box="[199,665,222,249]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFFD392F928A978B34A5DDBB" bold="true" box="[199,404,222,249]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Natural enemies:</emphasis>
None recorded in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFFD392F9029978B37A4DDBA" box="[612,661,223,249]" name="Iran" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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