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<document id="DDAFAA78B2D4D1A103E6570B3A4355A9" ID-CLB-Dataset="4101" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.774.1531" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8d93af91-9490-40ee-8585-797b2accd9ce" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5557162" ID-ZooBank="0974BA12-57D5-4AFA-8E89-560ABDEF3AB1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1633704121274" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Islam, Md Niraul &amp; Ahmad, Wasim" docDate="2021" docId="B75DB220FF89887AAC9A49D6FDE1FD01" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-774_58-105.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 774 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.774.1531" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tylencholaimus cosmos" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="4B64CA58FF868868AD464C2EFFFBFFD4" masterDocTitle="Five new and five known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Tylencholaimoidea) from Western Ghats of India" masterLastPageNumber="105" masterPageNumber="58" pageNumber="73" updateTime="1699459238411" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="661EDAD2A625A150197D2E8E25A62F0C">Five new and five known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida: Tylencholaimoidea) from Western Ghats of India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B943A30F59E185905E61CA290037D56">Islam, Md Niraul</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F393CC190B9E501329C14AF5C876CF7C">Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh- 202002, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3C4E06E1AB9B84B4A69272B5021D9D7A">Ahmad, Wasim</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1547472509DAF5079DE387139D29FFE2">Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh- 202002, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="E396EEDCEACD7765B13C2A2FD6C875B8">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8E419F9AC7D652ED8483C6CC40F7CBD6">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="B75DB220FF89887AAC9A49D6FDE1FD01" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5558780" ID-GBIF-Taxon="188597609" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5558780" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B75DB220FF89887AAC9A49D6FDE1FD01" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B75DB220FF89887AAC9A49D6FDE1FD01" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF898867AC9A49D6FBACF9C7" box="[476,1111,1528,1555]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF898867AC9A49D6FBACF9C7" blockId="15.[476,1111,1528,1591]" box="[476,1111,1528,1555]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<heading id="6403B45AFF898867AC9A49D6FBACF9C7" box="[476,1111,1528,1555]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867AC9A49D6FBACF9C7" authority="(Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[476,1111,1528,1555]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AC9A49D6FD07F9C7" bold="true" box="[476,764,1528,1555]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Tylencholaimus cosmos</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867AE4D49D7FBB4F9C7" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." box="[779,1103,1529,1555]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref22143" refString="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S. 1999. New leptonchid nematodes: one new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology 9: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF898867AF834A32FC94F9E3" box="[709,879,1564,1591]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF898867AF834A32FC94F9E3" blockId="15.[476,1111,1528,1591]" box="[709,879,1564,1591]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<figureCitation id="A7CF1FB3FF898867AF834A32FCF7F9E2" box="[709,780,1564,1590]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[189,232,1877,1903]" captionTargetBox="[278,1311,272,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-11@16.[270,1317,265,1839]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 6. Tylencholaimus cosmos(Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999), ♀ (LM photographs). A–B.Anterior region. C. Anterior region showing amphid. D. Pharyngeal region. E. Expanded part of pharynx. F–G. Genital system. H. Vulval region. I–J. Posterior region. K. Posterior end. Scale bars: A–C, E–K = 10 μm; D = 20 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5557178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5557178/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="7276368DFF898867AE5E4A32FC94F9E3" box="[792,879,1564,1591]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Table 5. Measurements of Tylencholaimus cosmos (Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999). All measurements are in µm and in the form: mean ± s.d. (range)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6B8B53BEFF978879ADFB4D27FD43FE92" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" tableUuid="6B8B53BEFF978879ADFB4D27FD43FE92">Table 5</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF898867ADFB4A73FCA2F96D" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF898867ADFB4A73FC66F9A3" blockId="15.[189,925,1629,1655]" box="[189,925,1629,1655]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE42418FF898867ADFB4A73FC66F9A3" box="[189,925,1629,1655]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF898867ADFB4A73FC79F9A3" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." box="[189,898,1629,1655]" page="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867ADFB4A73FC79F9A3" authority="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999: 2" authorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1999" box="[189,898,1629,1655]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Amphitylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867ADFB4A73FDE2F9A3" box="[189,537,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Amphitylencholaimus cosmos</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867AF664A73FC79F9A3" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." box="[544,898,1629,1655]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref22143" refString="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S. 1999. New leptonchid nematodes: one new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology 9: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999: 2</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, 4
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF898867ADFB4AB1FCA2F96D" blockId="15.[189,857,1695,1721]" box="[189,857,1695,1721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="1FE42418FF898867ADFB4AB1FCA2F96D" box="[189,857,1695,1721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867ADFB4AB1FE29F96C" baseAuthorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[189,466,1695,1721]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867ADFB4AB1FE29F96C" box="[189,466,1695,1721]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Tylencholaimus cosmos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
–
<treatmentCitation id="BE552527FF898867ACB64AB1FCAFF96D" author="Pena-Santiago R." box="[496,852,1695,1721]" page="120" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF898867ACB64AB1FCAFF96D" author="Pena-Santiago R." box="[496,852,1695,1721]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" pagination="119 - 128" refId="ref22868" refString="Pena-Santiago R. 2008. The genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Dorylaimida: Tylencholaimidae) revisited twelve years after. Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 11: 119 - 128." type="journal article" year="2008">Peña-Santiago 2008: 120–121</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF898867ADFB4ACEFEC9F80D" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
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<heading id="6403B45AFF898867ADFB4ACEFE51F92E" bold="true" box="[189,426,1760,1786]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" reason="3">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867ADFB4ACEFE51F92E" bold="true" box="[189,426,1760,1786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF898867ADFB4B21FEC9F80D" blockId="15.[188,1399,1805,2009]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<materialsCitation id="8F9C096BFF898867ADFB4B21FD0CF8BB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3382259319" collectingDate="2016-04-22" country="India" location="Verna" municipality="South Goa district" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Goa State">
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF898867ADFB4B21FEF5F8FD" box="[189,270,1807,1833]" name="India" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">INDIA</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AC614B20FE5AF8FC" bold="true" box="[295,417,1806,1832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF898867AC614B20FE5AF8FC" box="[295,417,1806,1832]" country="India" name="Goa" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Goa State</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="29F2C8BFFF898867ACF14B21FE0DF8FF" box="[439,502,1807,1835]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" type="female">
3
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AC8C4B21FE0DF8FF" bold="true" box="[458,502,1807,1835]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">♀♀</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="DF2F994CFF898867AF404B21FD20F8FD" box="[518,731,1807,1833]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">South Goa district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3A2B55EDFF898867AFA24B21FCD7F8FD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B75DB220FF89887AAC9A49D6FDE1FD01:3A2B55EDFF898867AFA24B21FCD7F8FD" box="[740,812,1807,1833]" country="India" municipality="South Goa district" name="Verna" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" stateProvince="Goa State">Verna</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF898867AE704B23FC0FF8FD" box="[822,1012,1805,1833]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">15º35.3′59.3″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF898867AEB84B23FB43F8FD" box="[1022,1208,1805,1833]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">73º92.2′26.4″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF898867A9854B20FAD3F8FD" box="[1219,1320,1806,1833]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 cm</quantity>
depth;
<date id="4B4A25F6FF898867ADFB4B1CFE9AF898" box="[189,353,1842,1868]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" value="2016-04-22">
<collectingDate id="5B0EDC1EFF898867ADFB4B1CFE9AF898" box="[189,353,1842,1868]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" value="2016-04-22">22 Apr. 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
; soil sample collected from around the roots of grasses (unidentified); slide reference number AMU/ZD/NC/
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867AC8F4B7BFD25F8BB" baseAuthorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[457,734,1877,1903]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AC8F4B7BFD25F8BB" box="[457,734,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Tylencholaimus cosmos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/1
</materialsCitation>
. –
<materialsCitation id="8F9C096BFF898867AE5C4B7BFED5F80D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3382259311" collectingDate="2017-11-04" country="India" latitude="8.760056" location="Ponmudi" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.11895" municipality="Thiruvananthapuram district" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Kerala State">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AE5C4B7BFC4CF8BB" bold="true" box="[794,951,1877,1903]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">
<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF898867AE5C4B7BFC4CF8BB" box="[794,951,1877,1903]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Kerala State</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="29F2C8BFFF898867AE894B7BFBEAF8A6" box="[975,1041,1877,1906]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" type="female">
3
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867AEA34B78FBEAF8A6" bold="true" box="[997,1041,1878,1906]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">♀♀</emphasis>
</specimenCount>
;
<collectingMunicipality id="DF2F994CFF898867A9664B7BFA88F8BB" box="[1056,1395,1877,1903]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Thiruvananthapuram district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3A2B55EDFF898867ADFA4B56FEDDF846" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B75DB220FF89887AAC9A49D6FDE1FD01:3A2B55EDFF898867ADFA4B56FEDDF846" box="[188,294,1912,1938]" country="India" latitude="8.760056" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="77.11895" municipality="Thiruvananthapuram district" name="Ponmudi" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" stateProvince="Kerala State">Ponmudi</location>
hill;
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF898867AC2F4B59FDFDF847" box="[361,518,1911,1939]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" precision="1" seconds="36.2" value="8.760056">8º45′36.2″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5AC065F1FF898867AF524B59FD46F847" box="[532,701,1911,1939]" degrees="77" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" precision="1" seconds="08.2" value="77.11895">77º07′08.2″ E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF898867AF8A4B56FCCFF847" box="[716,820,1912,1939]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5–15 cm</quantity>
depth;
<date id="4B4A25F6FF898867AED74B56FBD2F846" box="[913,1065,1912,1939]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" value="2017-11-04">
<collectingDate id="5B0EDC1EFF898867AED74B56FBD2F846" box="[913,1065,1912,1939]" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" value="2017-11-04">4 Nov. 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
; soil sample collected from around the roots of grasses (unidentified); slide reference number AMU/ZD/NC/
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF898867A9F94BB5FEE8F80C" baseAuthorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="15" pageNumber="73" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF898867A9F94BB5FEE8F80C" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="73">Tylencholaimus cosmos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/2
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="6B8B53BEFF968878ADFB4B7BFEEBF80D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5557178" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5557178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5557178/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" startId="16.[189,232,1877,1903]" targetBox="[278,1311,272,1836]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF968878ADFB4B7BFEEBF80D" blockId="16.[185,1399,1877,2009]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878ADFB4B7BFEF2F8BB" bold="true" box="[189,265,1877,1903]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF968878AC484B7BFC89F8BB" authority="(Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[270,882,1877,1903]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878AC484B7BFDDBF8BB" box="[270,544,1877,1903]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">Tylencholaimus cosmos</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF968878AF6C4B7BFC92F8BB" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." box="[554,873,1877,1903]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref22143" refString="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S. 1999. New leptonchid nematodes: one new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology 9: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, ♀ (LM photographs).
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878A93C4B7BFB49F8BB" bold="true" box="[1146,1202,1877,1903]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">A–B</emphasis>
.Anterior region.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878ADFF4B56FF35F846" bold="true" box="[185,206,1912,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">C</emphasis>
. Anterior region showing amphid.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878AF284B56FD78F846" bold="true" box="[622,643,1912,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">D</emphasis>
. Pharyngeal region.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878AE314B56FC71F846" bold="true" box="[887,906,1912,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">E</emphasis>
. Expanded part of pharynx.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878A99C4B56FAEAF846" bold="true" box="[1242,1297,1912,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">F–G</emphasis>
. Genital system.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878AC584BB5FECEF861" bold="true" box="[286,309,1947,1973]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">H</emphasis>
. Vulval region.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878ACB24BB5FDE6F861" bold="true" box="[500,541,1947,1973]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">I–J</emphasis>
. Posterior region.
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF968878AFBE4BB5FCF5F861" bold="true" box="[760,782,1947,1973]" pageId="16" pageNumber="74">K</emphasis>
. Posterior end. Scale bars: A–C, E–K = 10 μm; D = 20 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6B8B53BEFF978879ADFB4D27FD43FE92" ID-Table-UUID="6B8B53BEFF978879ADFB4D27FD43FE92" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6B8B53BEFF978879ADFB4D27FD43FE92" pageId="17" pageNumber="75" startId="17.[189,259,265,291]" targetBox="[200,1311,388,1936]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF978879ADFB4D27FD43FE92" blockId="17.[188,1399,265,327]" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF978879ADFB4D27FEDBFEF7" bold="true" box="[189,288,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Table 5.</emphasis>
Measurements of
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF978879ACBB4D27FB94FEF7" authority="(Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[509,1135,265,291]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="17" pageNumber="75" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF978879ACBB4D27FCE9FEF7" box="[509,786,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Tylencholaimus cosmos</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF978879AE674D27FB9DFEF7" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." box="[801,1126,265,291]" pageId="17" pageNumber="75" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref22143" refString="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S. 1999. New leptonchid nematodes: one new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology 9: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri, 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. All measurements are in µm and in the form: mean ± s.d. (range).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF978879AD8E4DAAFAF1F844" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<table id="4DF4F196FF977797AD8E4DAAFAE4F844" box="[200,1311,388,1936]" gridcols="3" gridrows="32" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4DAAFAE4FE49" box="[200,1311,388,413]" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4DAAFDE9FE49" box="[200,530,388,413]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF978879AD8E4DAAFECDFE48" bold="true" box="[200,310,388,412]" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Localities</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="C2156808FF977797AFD64DAAFC76FE49" box="[656,909,388,413]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF978879AFED4DABFC8AFE48" bold="true" box="[683,881,388,413]" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Verna population</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="C2156808FF977797A9644DAAFAE4FE49" box="[1058,1311,388,413]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF978879A96A4DAAFAEEFE48" bold="true" box="[1068,1301,388,412]" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Ponmudi population</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4D9BFAE4FE1A" box="[200,1311,437,462]" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4D9BFDE9FE1A" box="[200,530,437,462]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF978879AD8E4D9BFEBCFE19" bold="true" box="[200,327,437,461]" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Characters</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64D9BFC76FE1A" box="[656,909,437,462]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF978879AFA64D98FCC6FE1A" bold="true" box="[736,829,438,462]" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Females</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644D9BFAE4FE1A" box="[1058,1311,437,462]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF978879A9344D98FB34FE1A" bold="true" box="[1138,1231,438,462]" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Females</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4DC9FAE4FE2B" box="[200,1311,487,511]" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4DC9FDE9FE2B" box="[200,530,487,511]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">n</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64DC9FC76FE2B" box="[656,909,487,511]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">3</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644DC9FAE4FE2B" box="[1058,1311,487,511]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4E36FAE4FDE4" box="[200,1311,536,560]" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4E36FDE9FDE4" box="[200,530,536,560]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">L</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64E36FC76FDE4" box="[656,909,536,560]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">645.8 ± 21.5 (616–667)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644E36FAE4FDE4" box="[1058,1311,536,560]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">656.9 ± 86.6 (555–767)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4E67FAE4FDB5" box="[200,1311,585,609]" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4E67FDE9FDB5" box="[200,530,585,609]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">a</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64E67FC76FDB5" box="[656,909,585,609]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">28.9 ± 1.8 (27.3–31.7)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644E67FAE4FDB5" box="[1058,1311,585,609]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">29.8 ± 3.3 (25.7–33.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4E54FAE4FD47" box="[200,1311,634,659]" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4E54FDE9FD47" box="[200,530,634,659]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">b</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64E54FC76FD47" box="[656,909,634,659]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">3.9 ± 0.13 (3.8–4.2)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644E54FAE4FD47" box="[1058,1311,634,659]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">3.5 ± 0.39 (3.1–4.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4E85FAE4FD10" box="[200,1311,683,708]" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4E85FDE9FD10" box="[200,530,683,708]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">c</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64E85FC76FD10" box="[656,909,683,708]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">37.3 ± 0.38 (37.0–37.8)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644E85FAE4FD10" box="[1058,1311,683,708]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">34.5 ± 3.9 (29.8–39.1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4EF3FAE4FD21" box="[200,1311,733,757]" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4EF3FDE9FD21" box="[200,530,733,757]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">c’</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64EF3FC76FD21" box="[656,909,733,757]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">1.03 ± 0.03 (1.0–1.1)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644EF3FAE4FD21" box="[1058,1311,733,757]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4F20FAE4FCF2" box="[200,1311,782,806]" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4F20FDE9FCF2" box="[200,530,782,806]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">V</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64F20FC76FCF2" box="[656,909,782,806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">58.8 ± 0.92 (58.5–60.5)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644F20FAE4FCF2" box="[1058,1311,782,806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">60.4 ± 0.92 (59.6–61.7)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4F11FAE4FC83" box="[200,1311,831,855]" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4F11FDE9FC83" box="[200,530,831,855]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">G1</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64F11FC76FC83" box="[656,909,831,855]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">13.1 ± 0.42 (12.6–13.6)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644F11FAE4FC83" box="[1058,1311,831,855]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">12.7 ± 1.0 (11.8–14.2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4F5EFAE4FC5C" box="[200,1311,880,904]" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4F5EFDE9FC5C" box="[200,530,880,904]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">G2</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64F5EFC76FC5C" box="[656,909,880,904]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">11.2 ± 1.0 (10.2–12.6)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644F5EFAE4FC5C" box="[1058,1311,880,904]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">11.7 ± 0.65 (11.0–12.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4F8FFAE4FC6D" box="[200,1311,929,953]" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4F8FFDE9FC6D" box="[200,530,929,953]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Body diameter at neck base</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64F8FFC76FC6D" box="[656,909,929,953]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">21.2 ± 0.92 (20–22)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644F8FFAE4FC6D" box="[1058,1311,929,953]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">20.5 ± 1.6 (18–22)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4FFCFAE4FC3F" box="[200,1311,978,1003]" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4FFCFDE9FC3F" box="[200,530,978,1003]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Body diameter at mid body</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64FFCFC76FC3F" box="[656,909,978,1003]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">21.8 ± 0.92 (20–22)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644FFCFAE4FC3F" box="[1058,1311,978,1003]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">21.5 ± 1.6 (19–23)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E482DFAE4FBC8" box="[200,1311,1027,1052]" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E482DFDE9FBC8" box="[200,530,1027,1052]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Body diameter at anus</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD6482DFC76FBC8" box="[656,909,1027,1052]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">15.5 ± 0.46 (15–16)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A964482DFAE4FBC8" box="[1058,1311,1027,1052]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">16.6 ± 0.80 (15–17)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E481BFAE4FB99" box="[200,1311,1077,1101]" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E481BFDE9FB99" box="[200,530,1077,1101]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Lip region diameter</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD6481BFC76FB99" box="[656,909,1077,1101]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">8.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A964481BFAE4FB99" box="[1058,1311,1077,1101]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">8.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4848FAE4FBAA" box="[200,1311,1126,1150]" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4848FDE9FBAA" box="[200,530,1126,1150]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Lip region height</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64848FC76FBAA" box="[656,909,1126,1150]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">3.7 ± 0.23 (3.0–4.0)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644848FAE4FBAA" box="[1058,1311,1126,1150]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">3.1 ± 0.23 (3.0–3.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E48B9FAE4FB7B" box="[200,1311,1175,1199]" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E48B9FDE9FB7B" box="[200,530,1175,1199]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Amphidial aperture</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD648B9FC76FB7B" box="[656,909,1175,1199]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">2.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A96448B9FAE4FB7B" box="[1058,1311,1175,1199]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">2.6 ± 0.23 (2.5–3.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E48E6FAE4FB34" box="[200,1311,1224,1248]" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E48E6FDE9FB34" box="[200,530,1224,1248]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Odontostyle length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD648E6FC76FB34" box="[656,909,1224,1248]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">7.8 ± 0.23 (7.5–8.0)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A96448E6FAE4FB34" box="[1058,1311,1224,1248]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">7.6 ± 0.23 (7.0–8.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E48D7FAE4FAC5" box="[200,1311,1273,1297]" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E48D7FDE9FAC5" box="[200,530,1273,1297]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Odontophore length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD648D7FC76FAC5" box="[656,909,1273,1297]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">8.9 ± 0.23 (8.5–9.0)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A96448D7FAE4FAC5" box="[1058,1311,1273,1297]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">9.6 ± 0.23 (9.5–10)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4904FAE4FA96" box="[200,1311,1322,1346]" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4904FDE9FA96" box="[200,530,1322,1346]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Total stylet length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64904FC76FA96" box="[656,909,1322,1346]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">16.6 ± 0.40 (16.5–17.0)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644904FAE4FA96" box="[1058,1311,1322,1346]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">17.8 ± 0.23 (17.5–18.0)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4975FAE4FAA0" box="[200,1311,1371,1396]" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4975FDE9FAA0" box="[200,530,1371,1396]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Guiding ring from anterior end</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64975FC76FAA0" box="[656,909,1371,1396]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">5.5</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644975FAE4FAA0" box="[1058,1311,1371,1396]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">5.2 ± 0.23 (5.0–5.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E49A2FAE4FA71" box="[200,1311,1420,1445]" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E49A2FDE9FA71" box="[200,530,1420,1445]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Nerve ring from anterior end</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD649A2FC76FA71" box="[656,909,1420,1445]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">75.1 ± 5.4 (67–80)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A96449A2FAE4FA71" box="[1058,1311,1420,1445]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">70.8 ± 3.7 (65–74)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4990FAE4FA02" box="[200,1311,1470,1494]" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4990FDE9FA02" box="[200,530,1470,1494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Neck length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64990FC76FA02" box="[656,909,1470,1494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">160.7 ± 2.7 (158–164)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644990FAE4FA02" box="[1058,1311,1470,1494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">180.6 ± 4.5 (174–185)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E49C1FAE4F9D3" box="[200,1311,1519,1543]" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E49C1FDE9F9D3" box="[200,530,1519,1543]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Expanded part of pharynx</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD649C1FC76F9D3" box="[656,909,1519,1543]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">66.6 ± 2.1 (63–68)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A96449C1FAE4F9D3" box="[1058,1311,1519,1543]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">75.7 ± 0.46 (75–76)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4A0EFAE4F9EC" box="[200,1311,1568,1592]" gridrow="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4A0EFDE9F9EC" box="[200,530,1568,1592]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Cardia length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64A0EFC76F9EC" box="[656,909,1568,1592]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">5.0</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644A0EFAE4F9EC" box="[1058,1311,1568,1592]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">4.9 ± 0.80 (4.0–5.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4A7FFAE4F9BD" box="[200,1311,1617,1641]" gridrow="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4A7FFDE9F9BD" box="[200,530,1617,1641]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Anterior genital branch</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64A7FFC76F9BD" box="[656,909,1617,1641]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">86.5 ± 4.6 (82–93)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644A7FFAE4F9BD" box="[1058,1311,1617,1641]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">85.5 ± 11.3 (69–94)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4AACFAE4F94E" box="[200,1311,1666,1690]" gridrow="26" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4AACFDE9F94E" box="[200,530,1666,1690]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Posterior genital branch</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64AACFC76F94E" box="[656,909,1666,1690]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">73.8 ± 4.4 (68–79)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644AACFAE4F94E" box="[1058,1311,1666,1690]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">78.0 ± 7.8 (71–89)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4A9DFAE4F918" box="[200,1311,1715,1740]" gridrow="27" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4A9DFDE9F918" box="[200,530,1715,1740]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Vaginal length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64A9DFC76F918" box="[656,909,1715,1740]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">9.9 ± 0.23 (9.5–10.0)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644A9DFAE4F918" box="[1058,1311,1715,1740]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">10.3 ± 0.46 (9.5–10.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4ACAFAE4F929" box="[200,1311,1764,1789]" gridrow="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4ACAFDE9F929" box="[200,530,1764,1789]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Vulva from anterior end</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64ACAFC76F929" box="[656,909,1764,1789]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">386.4 ± 18.4 (360–402)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644ACAFAE4F929" box="[1058,1311,1764,1789]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">396.2 ± 47.1 (343–457)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4B38FAE4F8FA" box="[200,1311,1814,1838]" gridrow="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4B38FDE9F8FA" box="[200,530,1814,1838]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Prerectum length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64B38FC76F8FA" box="[656,909,1814,1838]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">37.5 ± 2.0 (35–40)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644B38FAE4F8FA" box="[1058,1311,1814,1838]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">39.2 ± 1.3 (37–40)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4B69FAE4F88B" box="[200,1311,1863,1887]" gridrow="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4B69FDE9F88B" box="[200,530,1863,1887]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Rectum length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64B69FC76F88B" box="[656,909,1863,1887]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">19.2 ± 1.2 (17–20)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644B69FAE4F88B" box="[1058,1311,1863,1887]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">21.8 ± 0.46 (21–22)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="81C40174FF977797AD8E4B56FAE4F844" box="[200,1311,1912,1936]" gridrow="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">
<th id="C2156808FF977797AD8E4B56FDE9F844" box="[200,530,1912,1936]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">Tail length</th>
<td id="C2156808FF977797AFD64B56FC76F844" box="[656,909,1912,1936]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">17.3 ± 0.46 (16.0–17.5)</td>
<td id="C2156808FF977797A9644B56FAE4F844" box="[1058,1311,1912,1936]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="75">18.6 ± 0.80 (17–19)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="77EE50BDFF94887AADFB4D27FDE1FD01" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF94887AADFB4D27FED4FEF7" blockId="18.[189,303,265,291]" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">
<heading id="6403B45AFF94887AADFB4D27FED4FEF7" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" reason="3">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF94887AADFB4D27FED4FEF7" bold="true" box="[189,303,265,291]" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F4B0336FF94887AADFB4D19FDE1FD01" blockId="18.[187,1401,311,725]" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF94887AADFB4D19FDF1FE85" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." box="[189,522,311,337]" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref22143" refString="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S. 1999. New leptonchid nematodes: one new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology 9: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri (1999)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF94887AAFCC4D19FC1DFE85" authorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" authorityYear="1999" box="[650,998,311,337]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Amphitylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF94887AAFCC4D19FC1DFE85" box="[650,998,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">Amphitylencholaimus cosmos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Malnad tracts of
<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF94887AA9B14D19FA88FE85" box="[1271,1395,311,337]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF94887AADFB4D74FF06FEA0" box="[189,253,346,372]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">India</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF94887AAC4C4D74FDF1FEA0" author="Pena-Santiago R." box="[266,522,346,372]" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" pagination="119 - 128" refId="ref22868" refString="Pena-Santiago R. 2008. The genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Dorylaimida: Tylencholaimidae) revisited twelve years after. Journal of Nematode Morphology and Systematics 11: 119 - 128." type="journal article" year="2008">Peña-Santiago (2008)</bibRefCitation>
did not accept the generic status of
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF94887AAEF94D74FB46FEA0" authorityName="Jairajpuri &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="1992" box="[959,1213,346,372]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Amphitylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF94887AAEF94D74FB46FEA0" box="[959,1213,346,372]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">Amphitylencholaimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and transferred
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF94887AADF94D50FEC3FE43" authorityName="Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri" authorityYear="1999" box="[191,312,382,408]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Amphitylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="cosmos">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF94887AADF94D50FEC3FE43" box="[191,312,382,408]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">A. cosmos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="F8F478B5FF94887AAC244D53FDE1FE43" authorityName="de Man" authorityYear="1876" box="[354,538,381,407]" class="Adenophorea" family="Dorylaimidae" genus="Tylencholaimus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dorylaimida" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0D80DF24FF94887AAC244D53FDE1FE43" box="[354,538,381,407]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">Tylencholaimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF94887AAF6C4D53FCBAFE4C" author="Ahad S. &amp; Ahmad W." box="[554,833,381,408]" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" pagination="451 - 490" refId="ref21198" refString="Ahad S. &amp; Ahmad W. 2016. Description of two new and six known species of the genus Tylencholaimus de Man, 1876 (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) with a diagnostic compendium and key to species. Zootaxa 4107: 451 - 490. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4107.4.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Ahad &amp; Ahmad (2016)</bibRefCitation>
reported this species from Kaziranga National Park,
<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF94887AADB84D8FFEAAFE6F" box="[254,337,417,443]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">Assam</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="47E343A6FF94887AAC1D4D8FFE60FE6F" box="[347,411,417,443]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">India</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="5B657EC7FF94887AACE24D8FFD17FE6F" author="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S." box="[420,748,417,443]" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" pagination="205 - 209" refId="ref22143" refString="Dhanam M. &amp; Jairajpuri M. S. 1999. New leptonchid nematodes: one new genus and eleven new species from Malnad tracts of Karnataka, India. International Journal of Nematology 9: 205 - 209." type="journal article" year="1999">Dhanam &amp; Jairajpuri (1999)</bibRefCitation>
characterized this species by having the anterior slender part of pharynx expanding gradually to form the cylindroid basal part but in their fig. 1C, the anterior part of pharynx appears slender, expanding abruptly to form the basal expanded part. In the present specimens, the anterior part of pharynx is also slender, expanding abruptly to form the basal expanded part. The morphometrics of the present populations conform well with the
<typeStatus id="E04FBD94FF94887AA9004E00FB82FD9C" box="[1094,1145,558,584]" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
population except in having a shorter body length (0.55–0.76 vs
<quantity id="F80CAED3FF94887AAF8A4E7FFC9BFDBF" box="[716,864,593,619]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="18" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 mm</quantity>
), slightly lower b value (3.1–4.2 vs 3.9–5.0) and shorter odontophore length (8.5–10 vs 12–14 μm). The present populations also conform well with the
<collectingRegion id="FD30CDD4FF94887AADA04EB9FECDFD65" box="[230,310,663,689]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="18" pageNumber="76">Assam</collectingRegion>
population except in having a slightly higher lip region (3.0–3.5 vs 2.0–3.0 μm) and a longer rectum (17–22 vs 13–14 μm).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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