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<document id="03CA0D8E098664D3D97B682E2EAB87A8" ID-CLB-Dataset="7028" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.748.1345" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f24a08b6-a24f-4c08-81e5-ae40f68bacd6" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4745153" ID-ZooBank="F177330C-76B8-4062-B2F3-4C7ADD012F2E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1620632081565" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Durante, Antonio, Loudit, Sandrine Mariella Bayendi &amp; Susini, Antonio" docDate="2021" docId="D32287A5FFD5FFA06A9068B0FD631041" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-748_89-107.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 748 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.748.1345" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hamma spinellii Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C19025BA-2C70-4CD0-BF61-68ED3716A5E0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="98" masterDocId="2F1BFFDDFFDDFFA968146B31FFAE170C" masterDocTitle="On the genus Hamma Buckton, 1905 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) in Equatorial Africa, with descriptions of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="107" masterPageNumber="89" pageNumber="97" updateTime="1698938396588" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="1BD94CE03CD5E230E9AB2DDD3B7349F3">On the genus Hamma Buckton, 1905 (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha) in Equatorial Africa, with descriptions of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5EE6089DCC619BD7CED9A1CB21EB5871" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E593FBF9F17A5CCF831FBB7455567743">Durante, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0C4EAEE978000C4D8B19A1AD8502075A">Museo di Storia naturale del Salento, S. P. Calimera-Borgagne, Km 1, 73021 Calimera, Lecce, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="79A9187E11A903499A063FBA4A989834" type="email">antonio.durante@msns.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="AEBB3A87ABE52CDF25ED6B9166A7248E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5BDF7C15CFBB919AC4A31EFE3A55293C">Loudit, Sandrine Mariella Bayendi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="68CEB1CFEBDA22E7B0119C8F5C22E0DB">Institut de Recherches Agronomiques et Forestières, BP 13 260, Libreville, Gabon.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="77559925B64985EEE10C335B3DD5E1E2" type="email">sbayendiloudit@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FB5BE9478F57872F002CDFFBA1823A73">Susini, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5B2D5CCC229FA1CA04532F3F77200068">Corso Porta Ticinese, 42. 20123, Milano, Italy.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B52DBDDFE0E3CD99CEEF00D6A459EE7C" type="email">antoniosusini@hotmail.it</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="FD75F3A96689B3C49C7F0978FCFBCD47">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="29A9A974CFC907E6454B755278B7A9E0">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E23073ACD62E6C68905033499309305C">2021-05-06</mods:number>
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<treatment id="D32287A5FFD5FFA06A9068B0FD631041" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4746575" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181972262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4746575" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C19025BA-2C70-4CD0-BF61-68ED3716A5E0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D32287A5FFD5FFA06A9068B0FD631041" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<subSubSection id="13916538FFD5FFA16A9068B0FC1E1497" box="[644,944,896,923]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA16A9068B0FC1E1497" blockId="8.[363,1225,896,994]" box="[644,944,896,923]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<heading id="007C81DFFFD5FFA16A9068B0FC1E1497" box="[644,944,896,923]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16A9068B0FCE31497" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[644,845,896,923]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinellii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16A9068B0FCE31497" bold="true" box="[644,845,896,923]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Hamma spinellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16B4168B0FC1E1497" box="[853,944,897,923]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="13916538FFD5FFA1697F6892FCC114EE" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" type="description">
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA1697F6892FB6714B2" blockId="8.[363,1225,896,994]" box="[363,1225,931,958]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<uri id="2F1A3AB1FFD5FFA1697F6892FB6714B2" box="[363,1225,931,958]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="2F2D0C66FFD5FFA16A986892FB6714B2" box="[652,1225,931,958]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">C19025BA-2C70-4CD0-BF61-68ED3716A5E0</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA16AD168F6FCC114EE" blockId="8.[363,1225,896,994]" box="[709,879,967,994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA16AD168F6FCA114ED" box="[709,783,967,993]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="10.[189,232,1954,1980]" captionTargetBox="[283,1324,360,1882]" captionTargetId="figure-15@10.[211,1376,265,1913]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Fig. 2. Hamma spinellii sp. nov., holotype, ♀, Gabon, Ogouè Ivindo, Mont Sassamongou, Batouala, 30 Nov. 2012, A. Susini leg. (MSNS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745159" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745159/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA16B0868F6FCEF14ED" box="[796,833,967,993]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1920,1946]" captionTargetBox="[310,1289,325,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[223,1365,266,1882]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4. Morphology. Left suprahumeral horn and left supraocular callosity, frontal view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745165/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">4C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA16B5968F6FCC114EE" box="[845,879,967,994]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[252,1342,283,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-12@15.[239,1348,265,1881]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 5. Morphology. Pterostigma of right wing in dorsal view; third node of the posterior process in dorsal view; scutellum in lateral right view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745167/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">5C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13916538FFD5FFA168A96F39FD9610D0" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96F39FE98132E" blockId="8.[189,310,1032,1058]" box="[189,310,1032,1058]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<heading id="007C81DFFFD5FFA168A96F39FE98132E" bold="true" box="[189,310,1032,1058]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" reason="3">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA168A96F39FE98132E" bold="true" box="[189,310,1032,1058]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
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<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96F06FAAF13B6" blockId="8.[187,1399,1079,1211]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
Species belonging to the genus
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16A316F09FD2C135D" authorityName="Buckton" authorityYear="1905" box="[549,642,1080,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16A316F09FD2C135D" box="[549,642,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Hamma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with thorax eminently brown, pronotum smooth and metopidium not densely tuberculate; suprahumeral horns with a laterally pointing thorn; a posterior process with four nodes, V-shaped in lateral view between the second and fourth nodes; last node roundish in dorsal view, ending in a well-developed terminal spine. Pterostigma almost three times longer than broad.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96FD3FE6713F0" blockId="8.[189,457,1250,1276]" box="[189,457,1250,1276]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
<heading id="007C81DFFFD5FFA168A96FD3FE6713F0" bold="true" box="[189,457,1250,1276]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" reason="3">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA168A96FD3FE6713F0" bold="true" box="[189,457,1250,1276]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96E21FCB51241" blockId="8.[189,1398,1296,1358]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
The general light brown colour is diagnostic,
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16AFF6E21FC821226" authorityName="Boulard" authorityYear="1968" box="[747,812,1296,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heimi">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16AFF6E21FC821226" box="[747,812,1296,1322]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">heimi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16B786E20FC6F1226" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[876,961,1297,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16B786E20FC6F1226" box="[876,961,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">nigrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16BDF6E20FB871227" box="[971,1065,1297,1323]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
being black, and
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16D126E20FAD81226" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[1286,1398,1297,1322]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caneparii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16D126E20FAD81226" box="[1286,1398,1297,1322]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">caneparii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA168A96E05FEB61242" box="[189,280,1332,1358]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
having a mosaic of russet brown and black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96E44FC11129C" blockId="8.[189,959,1397,1424]" box="[189,959,1397,1424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
Other diagnostic characters with respect to
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16AAD6E47FC871283" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[697,809,1398,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caneparii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16AAD6E47FC871283" box="[697,809,1398,1423]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">caneparii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16B256E47FC22129C" box="[817,908,1398,1424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96E99FAAC12E8" blockId="8.[189,1399,1447,1755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
– the similarity of the width and height of the basal element of the suprahumeral horns (frontal view) (
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA168F86EFBFEE412E9" box="[236,330,1482,1509]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1920,1946]" captionTargetBox="[310,1289,325,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[223,1365,266,1882]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4. Morphology. Left suprahumeral horn and left supraocular callosity, frontal view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745165/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
): in
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA169686EFBFE7512E8" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[380,475,1482,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinellii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA169686EFBFE7512E8" box="[380,475,1482,1508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">spinellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA169F66EFAFD9212E9" box="[482,572,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the w/h ratio is 1; in
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16B226EFAFC0812E8" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[822,934,1483,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caneparii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16B226EFAFC0812E8" box="[822,934,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">caneparii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16BBA6EFAFBA612E9" box="[942,1032,1483,1509]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
the w/h ratio is 0.66;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96EDFFDCE1120" blockId="8.[189,1399,1447,1755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
– caudal node of the posterior process half the width of the head in
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16BE26EDFFBFB1104" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[1014,1109,1518,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinellii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16BE26EDFFBFB1104" box="[1014,1109,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">spinellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16C486EDFFB151104" box="[1116,1211,1518,1544]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; ⅔ the width in
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA168F76D23FEFD1127" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[227,339,1554,1579]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caneparii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA168F76D23FEFD1127" box="[227,339,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">caneparii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA1694F6D20FE1B1127" box="[347,437,1553,1579]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(dorsal view);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96D04FB3F1143" blockId="8.[189,1399,1447,1755]" box="[189,1169,1588,1615]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
– anchor-like third node (
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA169E36D05FDFF1143" box="[503,593,1588,1615]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[252,1342,283,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-12@15.[239,1348,265,1881]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 5. Morphology. Pterostigma of right wing in dorsal view; third node of the posterior process in dorsal view; scutellum in lateral right view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745167/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
) thinner than in
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16B076D04FC2D1142" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[787,899,1589,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caneparii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16B076D04FC2D1142" box="[787,899,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">caneparii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16B9F6D04FC481143" box="[907,998,1589,1615]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(dorsal view);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96D69FC021199" blockId="8.[189,1399,1447,1755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
– length of the posterior process clearly exceeding abdominal length in
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16C136D66FBC8117D" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[1031,1126,1623,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinellii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16C136D66FBC8117D" box="[1031,1126,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">spinellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16C796D69FB67117E" box="[1133,1225,1624,1650]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; not exceeding the abdominal terminalia in
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16A396D4AFD331198" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[557,669,1659,1684]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caneparii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16A396D4AFD331198" box="[557,669,1659,1684]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">caneparii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16AB16D4AFCAE1199" box="[677,768,1659,1685]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(lateral view);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96DAFFE9311D7" blockId="8.[189,1399,1447,1755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
– pterostigma (
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA1696A6DAFFE7711B5" box="[382,473,1694,1721]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[252,1342,283,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-12@15.[239,1348,265,1881]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 5. Morphology. Pterostigma of right wing in dorsal view; third node of the posterior process in dorsal view; scutellum in lateral right view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745167/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
) longer in
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16A496DAFFD1211B4" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[605,700,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinellii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16A496DAFFD1211B4" box="[605,700,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">spinellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16AD06DAFFC8D11B4" box="[708,803,1694,1720]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
: l/w ratio
<quantity id="9C739B56FFD5FFA16B8F6DAFFC7111B4" box="[923,991,1694,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.636" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="in" value="3.4">3.4 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16BF36DAFFBE811B4" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[999,1094,1694,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinellii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16BF36DAFFBE811B4" box="[999,1094,1694,1720]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">spinellii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16C5A6DAFFB0311B4" box="[1102,1197,1694,1720]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<quantity id="9C739B56FFD5FFA16CAE6DAFFB5011B4" box="[1210,1278,1694,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.096" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" unit="in" value="2.4">2.4 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16D126DAEFAD811B4" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[1286,1398,1695,1720]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caneparii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16D126DAEFAD811B4" box="[1286,1398,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">caneparii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA168F76DF0FE9311D7" box="[227,317,1729,1755]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96C33FBFE1010" blockId="8.[189,1104,1794,1821]" box="[189,1104,1794,1821]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
Other diagnostic characters with respect to
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16AAD6C33FD541010" authorityName="Boulard" authorityYear="1968" box="[697,762,1794,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heimi">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16AAD6C33FD541010" box="[697,762,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">heimi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA16B276C32FC261010" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[819,904,1795,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA16B276C32FC261010" box="[819,904,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">nigrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA16B9B6C32FC441011" box="[911,1002,1795,1821]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
include:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96C04FC951043" blockId="8.[189,1399,1845,2012]" box="[189,827,1845,1871]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
– upper margin of the head roughly square (
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA16AC46C04FC831043" box="[720,813,1845,1871]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1920,1946]" captionTargetBox="[310,1289,325,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[223,1365,266,1882]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4. Morphology. Left suprahumeral horn and left supraocular callosity, frontal view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745165/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
);
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96C69FDDB107E" blockId="8.[189,1399,1845,2012]" box="[189,629,1880,1906]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
– metopidium (
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA169956C69FE75107E" box="[385,475,1880,1906]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1920,1946]" captionTargetBox="[310,1289,325,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[223,1365,266,1882]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4. Morphology. Left suprahumeral horn and left supraocular callosity, frontal view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745165/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
) tuberculate;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96C4DFA911099" blockId="8.[189,1399,1845,2012]" box="[189,1343,1915,1942]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
– suprahumeral horns (
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA169CF6C4AFD9B1099" box="[475,565,1915,1941]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,232,1920,1946]" captionTargetBox="[310,1289,325,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-12@13.[223,1365,266,1882]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 4. Morphology. Left suprahumeral horn and left supraocular callosity, frontal view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745165" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745165/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
) with a robust straight thorn, not curving upwards in frontal view;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD5FFA168A96CAEFD9610D0" blockId="8.[189,1399,1845,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">
– anchor-like third node (
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD5FFA169E26CAFFDE110B5" box="[502,591,1950,1977]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[252,1342,283,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-12@15.[239,1348,265,1881]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 5. Morphology. Pterostigma of right wing in dorsal view; third node of the posterior process in dorsal view; scutellum in lateral right view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745167/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
) posteriorly prolonged (dorsal view); rhomboidal or roughly circular in
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA169156CF3FEF810D7" authority="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini, 2021" authorityName="Durante &amp; Loudit &amp; Susini" authorityYear="2021" box="[257,342,1986,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrum" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA169156CF3FEF810D7" box="[257,342,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">nigrum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72CC57DAFFD5FFA169496CF3FE1610D0" box="[349,440,1986,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="9C8B4D30FFD5FFA169E46CF0FD9F10D7" authorityName="Boulard" authorityYear="1968" box="[496,561,1985,2011]" class="Insecta" family="Membracidae" genus="Hamma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heimi">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD5FFA169E46CF0FD9F10D7" box="[496,561,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="97">heimi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13916538FFD4FFA068A96A38FCE8165D" box="[189,838,265,338]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A96A38FEEA162F" blockId="9.[189,324,265,291]" box="[189,324,265,291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<heading id="007C81DFFFD4FFA068A96A38FEEA162F" bold="true" box="[189,324,265,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" reason="3">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD4FFA068A96A38FEEA162F" bold="true" box="[189,324,265,291]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A96A06FCE8165D" blockId="9.[189,838,311,338]" box="[189,838,311,338]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">The species is dedicated to Dr Matteo Spinelli, Milano.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13916538FFD4FFA068A96A49FA9816E8" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A96A49FE04169E" blockId="9.[189,426,376,402]" box="[189,426,376,402]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<heading id="007C81DFFFD4FFA068A96A49FE04169E" bold="true" box="[189,426,376,402]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" reason="3">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD4FFA068A96A49FE04169E" bold="true" box="[189,426,376,402]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068FE6A96FA9816E8" blockId="9.[189,1334,423,485]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<materialsCitation id="EBE33CEEFFD4FFA068FE6A96FA9816E8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3110120301" collectingDate="2012-11-30" collectionCode="MSNS" collectorName="A. Susini" country="Gabon" location="Ogooue Ivindo" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD4FFA068FE6A96FEF216CD" bold="true" box="[234,348,423,449]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<typeStatus id="84308811FFD4FFA068FE6A96FEF216CD" box="[234,348,423,449]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="239C7623FFD4FFA068A96AFBFE8B16E8" box="[189,293,458,484]" name="Gabon" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">GABON</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="4D8DFD3AFFD4FFA0692A6AFAFEFB16E9" box="[318,341,459,485]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
;
<location id="5E546068FFD4FFA069706AFBFDB616E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D32287A5FFD5FFA06A9068B0FD631041:5E546068FFD4FFA069706AFBFDB616E8" box="[356,536,458,484]" country="Gabon" name="Ogooue Ivindo" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Ogooué Ivindo</location>
,
<location id="5E546068FFD4FFA06A376AFAFCAE16E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D32287A5FFD5FFA06A9068B0FD631041:5E546068FFD4FFA06A376AFAFCAE16E8" box="[547,768,458,485]" country="Gabon" name="Mont Sassamongo" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Mont Sassamongo</location>
,
<location id="5E546068FFD4FFA06B1F6AFBFCD916E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D32287A5FFD5FFA06A9068B0FD631041:5E546068FFD4FFA06B1F6AFBFCD916E8" box="[779,887,458,484]" country="Gabon" name="Batouala" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Batouala</location>
;
<date id="2F351073FFD4FFA06B976AFBFB8B16E8" box="[899,1061,458,485]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" value="2012-11-30">
<collectingDate id="3F71E99BFFD4FFA06B976AFBFB8B16E8" box="[899,1061,458,485]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" value="2012-11-30">30 Nov. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="F67E5365FFD4FFA06C246AFBFB3216E8" box="[1072,1180,458,484]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">A. Susini</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectionCode id="3D9AAE76FFD4FFA06CCB6AFBFA9D16E8" box="[1247,1331,458,484]" collectionName="Italy, Calimera, Museo di Storia Naturale del Salento" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">MSNS</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13916538FFD4FFA068A9693AFD631041" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="description">
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A9693AFEE01529" blockId="9.[189,334,523,549]" box="[189,334,523,549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
<heading id="007C81DFFFD4FFA068A9693AFEE01529" bold="true" box="[189,334,523,549]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" reason="3">
<emphasis id="69FFEAA1FFD4FFA068A9693AFEE01529" bold="true" box="[189,334,523,549]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A9690AFAEC1559" blockId="9.[189,1346,570,597]" box="[189,1346,570,597]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
MEASUREMENTS.
<typeStatus id="84308811FFD4FFA06969690BFE441558" box="[381,490,570,596]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
total length:
<quantity id="9C739B56FFD4FFA06A92690BFD4D1559" box="[646,739,570,597]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
; pronotal length:
<quantity id="9C739B56FFD4FFA06BA5690BFBA01559" box="[945,1038,570,597]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
; tegminal length:
<quantity id="9C739B56FFD4FFA06CF5690BFA901559" box="[1249,1342,570,597]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A9694DFC66144A" blockId="9.[189,1401,636,838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">HEAD. Black with brown suffusion along the margins and at the centre, convex, punctate, with small white setae; vertex width one and a half times the height; shallow concavity between the ocelli; carina present; upper margin arcuate but roughly square with two evident corners, one directly above each ocellus; ventral margin W-shaped with the lower parts not very pronounced; ocelli slightly above the centro-ocular line. Frontoclypeus pear-shaped, lateral lobes completely fused to frontoclypeus with margins barely distinguishable; rostrum and antennae light brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A9685FFB7B125D" blockId="9.[188,1399,877,1361]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">PRONOTUM. Light brown with one triangular black patch on the metopidium on each side of the carina, punctate, almost completely naked; metopidium tuberculate in its dorsal region, twice as wide as high, median carina percurrent, unpunctate, straight, with some swelling, supraocular callosities bean-like, slightly or not at all punctate, with a small club-shaped darker formation inside them, shallow and very finely punctate; humeral angles prominent and blunt; suprahumeral horns well developed, with a tower-shaped base, tuberculate, with a robust brown and black-tipped thorn pointing laterally? Posterior process light brown, punctate, emerging posteriorly from the pronotum and continuously from the posterior margin; sinuate in lateral view, with four nodes, the first of which (proximal) almost spherical; second node small, dome-shaped in lateral view (flattened in dorsal view) with seven-eight small spines latero-dorsally; third node anchor-like in dorsal view with one (left) or two (right) small spines at the end of the lateral arms; fourth node subspherical, almost one and a half times larger than the first, with many spines and a robust terminal spine at the caudal end; dorsal and ventral carinae continuous, of the same colour. A few spines along the dorsal carina, and dorsally and ventrally along the trunk of the posterior process between the third and fourth nodes. Each spine bears a very thin light apical seta.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A96E49FBB212D5" blockId="9.[189,1398,1400,1497]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">
SCUTELLUM (
<figureCitation id="C3B02A36FFD4FFA069476E49FE33129F" box="[339,413,1400,1427]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="15.[189,232,1918,1944]" captionTargetBox="[252,1342,283,1870]" captionTargetId="figure-12@15.[239,1348,265,1881]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Fig. 5. Morphology. Pterostigma of right wing in dorsal view; third node of the posterior process in dorsal view; scutellum in lateral right view. A. Hamma heimi Boulard, 1968. B. Hamma nigrum sp. nov. C. Hamma spinellii sp. nov. D. Hamma caneparii sp. nov. Figures are not to scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4745167" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4745167/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Entirely brown, punctate, with the base longer than the height, emarginate with scutellar apices acute with a few translucent setae; base with a triangular swelling except at the corners; lateral corners of the swelling with a tuft of small shiny ochraceous setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A96D31FBE611AB" blockId="9.[188,1400,1536,1703]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">FOREWING. Length about two and a half times width (l/w ratio 2.56), hyaline; basally sclerotized, punctate, grey-brown in colour with three to four brown stripes distally. Pterostigma sub-triangular with very rounded corners, blackish in colour; venation grey-brown; large brown shaded trapezoidal patch extending from costa to inner margin in the median area; I-shaped patch extending from costa to anal angle with light grey-brown anterior half and dark grey-brown posterior half.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A96DFEFD3711E4" blockId="9.[189,665,1742,1769]" box="[189,665,1742,1769]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">LEGS. Ochreous yellow, praetarsi brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B3436B3FFD4FFA068A96C21FD631041" blockId="9.[189,1399,1807,1869]" pageId="9" pageNumber="98">ABDOMEN. Tergites grey-brown with black punctation and lighter caudal borders; sternites brown, as are the borders, and covered in translucent setae.</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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