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<document id="DF2FEAB56DC34A0233A558D0E408B822" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5094.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fbcfcfa4-103d-4190-84f2-79ebe38ac1e9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5964865" ID-ZooBank="EBF67241-D93F-48CD-9548-463F0B0A9D47" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1643789371105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramalho, Laís V., Rodríguez-Aporta, Raquel &amp; Gofas, Serge" docDate="2022" docId="D10787E6FFF53F26C1BA9336C749FAD2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5094.1.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5094 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Escharella similis Ramalho &amp; Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas 2022, n. sp." docType="treatment" docUuid="2DED7AC0-2358-459D-8627-A498F5309300" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="74" masterDocId="2D3EFF9EFFE73F33C12D9470C258FFDF" masterDocTitle="Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1731614292451" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="47A19F5E09FD1242CE11D6E31DFC83AC">
<mods:title id="41C22D4B631389224DC5D9485513F026">Preliminary account on the bryozoans of the Alboran platform (Western Mediterranean), with description of two new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="CAC733D5777F22FBC8714343B530EA0F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8733B14F654963FCADFE3379369BD582">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C1D840DA3E3C78200D0AF17BCBC140A5">Ramalho, Laís V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DC66FB03D20179131A3272EF3288082C" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1459-3954</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B7B3B6B345988F108B18104AEF2F3704">Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 20940 - 040. &amp; Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain. 29071.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1979B6E8544C14882E01BD73A06DD71D" type="email">laisvr10@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="76E3947422E3113D202C8888019F29E7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F51E1788285F39AC4E465C97D67CB843">Rodríguez-Aporta, Raquel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="10F1B4B5A3D6EF3467D7A268E5ED4AD1" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5081-5003</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="56D228B5E29AE00FE1982EA28F45AD2F">Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain. 29071.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E36C4BD4CF273ADC0C7EB666F790B85C" type="email">rodriguezaporta10@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="AA982748CBFA7DB12864A93C608E8204">Gofas, Serge</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ADAE5831BE48DAAA10340476C6257BF7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3141-3700</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="CD15233244A46B300FDB8144698085D4">Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain. 29071.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4868F6B9486329DC6C4B1A968F5906B4" type="email">sgofas@uma.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="D4EBB2FEDF0D3E6D8F8AF90E2266FED2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="3B00802DEE036EAB1BD19B83447FE9B6">
<mods:date id="C555B694770D79595FB63CFA94D7AB1B">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="16703DE1A61F266CD64E6A1152CF6677" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="4C72173337109C5C553C27003885FBB4">2022-02-02</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="BFD835EDBC72FA05A48EC84F7E7538E8" type="volume">
<mods:number id="16885FB1D0F27D9AE80659F25FE1C67B">5094</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CE67883802A487C9728463F0647F68D6">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="187E5696A6C9EF03A97203A7277040CA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5094.1.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D10787E6FFF53F26C1BA9336C749FAD2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6301228" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193265014" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6301228" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2DED7AC0-2358-459D-8627-A498F5309300" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D10787E6FFF53F26C1BA9336C749FAD2" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">
<subSubSection id="11B4657BFFF53F21C1BA9336C3E0F8BE" box="[151,440,1862,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF53F21C1BA9336C3E0F8BE" blockId="18.[151,957,1862,1961]" box="[151,440,1862,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">
<heading id="0259819CFFF53F21C1BA9336C3E0F8BE" bold="true" box="[151,440,1862,1889]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="71" reason="1">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF53F21C1BA9336C3E0F8BE" bold="true" box="[151,440,1862,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF53F21C1BA9336C337F8BE" authority="Ramalho &amp; Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022" authorityName="Ramalho &amp; Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,367,1862,1889]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="71" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF53F21C1BA9336C337F8BE" bold="true" box="[151,367,1862,1889]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">Escharella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70E95799FFF53F21C05B9337C3E0F8BE" box="[374,440,1863,1889]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11B4657BFFF53F21C1BA931BC1E5F876" pageId="18" pageNumber="71" type="description">
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF53F21C1BA931BC2B3F85A" blockId="18.[151,957,1862,1961]" box="[151,235,1899,1925]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">
(
<figureCitation id="C1952A75FFF53F21C18D931BC2BBF85A" box="[160,227,1899,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1865,1889]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,454,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-140@20.[170,1417,453,1842]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Escharella similis n. sp. (Holotype: MNCN 25.03/4302).A. General view of a colony growing on a shell fragment. B. Detail of some fertile zooids showing the eight persistent oral spines, small suboral umbo and ovicells with independent aperture (arrow shows the kenozooidal ovicell). C. Detail of an ancestrula with 8 + 5 spines and subsequent zooids with 8 oral spines. D. Basal view of the aperture of a zooid showing the lyrula (lower level) and suboral umbo (higher level), condyles absent. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 80 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964895/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF53F21C1BA93FEC1E5F876" blockId="18.[151,957,1862,1961]" box="[151,957,1934,1961]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">
<uri id="2D3F3AF2FFF53F21C1BA93FEC1E5F876" box="[151,957,1934,1961]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="2D080C25FFF53F21C08B93FEC1E5F876" box="[422,957,1934,1961]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">2DED7AC0-2358-459D-8627-A498F5309300</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11B4657BFFF53F27C1BA93A3C174FEBA" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="18" pageNumber="71" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF53F21C1BA93A3C0CFF834" blockId="18.[151,663,2003,2027]" box="[151,663,2003,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF53F21C1BA93A3C370F834" box="[151,296,2003,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="18" pageNumber="71" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF53F21C1BA93A3C35CF834" box="[151,260,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">Escharella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF53F21C00393A3C01AF834" author="Ramalho, L. V. &amp; Caballero-Herrera, J. A. &amp; Urra, J. &amp; Rueda, J. L." box="[302,578,2003,2027]" pageId="18" pageNumber="71" pagination="106" refId="ref22466" refString="Ramalho, L. V., Caballero-Herrera, J. A., Urra, J. &amp; Rueda, J. L. (2020 a) Bryozoans from Chella Bank, (Seco de los Olivos) with the description of a new species and some new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biodiversity, 50, 106. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 020 - 01119 - y" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ramalho
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF53F21C0A293A4C3E4F834" box="[399,444,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="71">et al</emphasis>
., 2020a: 106
</bibRefCitation>
, table 2.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0DD16678FFF43F20C1BA9323C330F824" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964891" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5964891" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964891/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="72" startId="19.[151,250,1875,1899]" targetBox="[208,1373,195,1841]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF43F20C1BA9323C330F824" blockId="19.[151,1437,1875,2043]" pageId="19" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF43F20C1BA9323C34FF8B4" bold="true" box="[151,279,1875,1899]" pageId="19" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF43F20C00F9323C155F8B4" authority="Aristegui, 1985" authorityName="Aristegui" authorityYear="1985" box="[290,781,1875,1899]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonidae" genus="Adeonellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="19" pageNumber="72" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="multiporosa">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF43F20C00F9323C3E8F8B4" box="[290,432,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="72">Adeonellopsis</emphasis>
aff.
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF43F20C0C59323C03AF8B4" box="[488,610,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="72">multiporosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF43F20C3469323C155F8B4" author="Aristegui, J." box="[619,781,1875,1899]" pageId="19" pageNumber="72" pagination="425 - 430" refId="ref16010" refString="Aristegui, J. (1985) The genus Adeonellopsis MacGillivray (Bryozoa: Cheilostomata) in the Canary Islands: A. distoma (Busk) and A. multiporosa sp. nov. Journal of Natural History, 19 (3), 425 - 430. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938500770311" type="journal article" year="1985">Aristegui, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(MNCN 25.03/4298). A. General view of a colony fragment showing the bifurcation. B. Detail of the branch showing zooids arranged in longitudinal series and the curved distal peristome. C. Close-up of some zooids showing the suboral avicularium and spiraminal pores. D. Detail of a zooid showing the beaded convex proximal margin of the orifice, spiraminal pores, as well as some areolar pores. Scale bars: A, 800 µm; B, 300 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF33F27C1BA94E6C174FEBA" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C1BA94E6C3DAFF6F" bold="true" box="[151,386,150,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="E9C63CADFFF33F27C0A794E7C060FF0A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3462215303" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="UMA" elevation="0" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" specimenCode="25.03/4302" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C0A794E7C3A9FF6E" box="[394,497,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">
<typeStatus id="86158852FFF33F27C0A794E7C3A9FF6E" box="[394,497,151,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="3FBFAE35FFF33F27C32C94E7C00DFF6E" box="[513,597,151,177]" collectionName="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="09089E8BFFF33F27C37094E6C0B8FF6E" box="[605,736,150,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">25.03/4302</specimenCode>
: BV12,
<elevation id="D283D1C3FFF33F27C21394E7C199FF6E" box="[830,961,151,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">
<quantity id="9E569B15FFF33F27C21394E7C199FF6E" box="[830,961,151,177]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="120.0">112–120 m</quantity>
</elevation>
; coll.
<collectorName id="F45B5326FFF33F27C52A94E7C614FF6E" box="[1031,1100,151,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">UMA</collectorName>
;
<specimenCount id="4FA8FD79FFF33F27C57494E7C692FF6E" box="[1113,1226,151,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">one living</specimenCount>
colony encrusting the bryozoan
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF33F27C01E94CBC069FF0A" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[307,561,187,213]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonidae" genus="Adeonellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="distoma">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C01E94CBC069FF0A" box="[307,561,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">Adeonellopsis distoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="E9C63CADFFF33F27C36D94CBC1FEFF26" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="UMA" elevation="120" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" specimenCode="25.03/4303" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C36D94CBC0EAFF0B" box="[576,690,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">
<typeStatus id="86158852FFF33F27C36D94CBC0EAFF0B" box="[576,690,187,212]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectionCode id="3FBFAE35FFF33F27C3EF94CBC14EFF0A" box="[706,790,187,213]" collectionName="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="09089E8BFFF33F27C23394CAC1FAFF0A" box="[798,930,186,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">25.03/4303</specimenCode>
: BV12, 112–
<quantity id="9E569B15FFF33F27C51594CBC6DAFF0A" box="[1080,1154,187,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="D283D1C3FFF33F27C51594CBC6DAFF0A" box="[1080,1154,187,213]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; coll.
<collectorName id="F45B5326FFF33F27C5E494CBC756FF0A" box="[1225,1294,187,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">UMA</collectorName>
;
<specimenCount id="4FA8FD79FFF33F27C43794CBC2ACFF26" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">three living colonies</specimenCount>
encrusting the bryozoan
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF33F27C33194AFC0C0FF26" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[540,664,223,249]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonidae" genus="Adeonellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="distoma">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C33194AFC0C0FF26" box="[540,664,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">A. distoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and a polychaete tube;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="E9C63CADFFF33F27C29D94AFC719FEC2" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="UMA" elevation="97" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" specimenCode="25.03/4304" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="3FBFAE35FFF33F27C29D94AFC65CFF26" box="[944,1028,223,249]" collectionName="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="09089E8BFFF33F27C52394AEC6C9FF26" box="[1038,1169,222,249]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">25.03/4304</specimenCode>
: BV13,
<quantity id="9E569B15FFF33F27C5DE94AEC704FF26" box="[1267,1372,222,249]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="9.9" metricValueMin="9.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="97.0" valueMax="99.0" valueMin="95.0">
<elevation id="D283D1C3FFF33F27C5DE94AEC704FF26" box="[1267,1372,222,249]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" metricValueMax="9.9" metricValueMin="9.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="97.0" valueMax="99.0" valueMin="95.0">95–99 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; coll.
<collectorName id="F45B5326FFF33F27C1BA9573C284FEC2" box="[151,220,259,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">UMA</collectorName>
;
<specimenCount id="4FA8FD79FFF33F27C1CA9573C39CFEC2" box="[231,452,259,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">nine living colonies</specimenCount>
encrusting a cyclostome bryozoan and
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF33F27C2529573C1AFFEC2" baseAuthorityName="Busk" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[895,1015,259,285]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Adeonidae" genus="Adeonellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="distoma">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C2529573C1AFFEC2" box="[895,1015,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">A. distoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a polychaete tube and algae;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="E9C63CADFFF33F27C4659573C646FE9E" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="UMA" elevation="98" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" specimenCode="25.03/4305" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="3FBFAE35FFF33F27C4659573C7C4FEC2" box="[1352,1436,259,285]" collectionName="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="09089E8BFFF33F27C1BA9556C343FE9E" box="[151,283,294,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">25.03/4305</specimenCode>
: BV14,
<quantity id="9E569B15FFF33F27C0599557C3BFFE9E" box="[372,487,295,321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="98.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="96.0">
<elevation id="D283D1C3FFF33F27C0599557C3BFFE9E" box="[372,487,295,321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="98.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="96.0">96–100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; coll.
<collectorName id="F45B5326FFF33F27C3079557C037FE9E" box="[554,623,295,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">UMA</collectorName>
;
<specimenCount id="4FA8FD79FFF33F27C3549557C116FE9E" box="[633,846,295,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">two living colonies</specimenCount>
encrusting a shell;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="E9C63CADFFF33F27C5089557C174FEBA" collectionCode="MNCN" collectorName="UMA" elevation="96" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" specimenCode="25.03/4306" specimenCount="1">
<collectionCode id="3FBFAE35FFF33F27C5089557C621FE9E" box="[1061,1145,295,321]" collectionName="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" type="Museum">MNCN</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="09089E8BFFF33F27C5529556C75AFE9E" box="[1151,1282,294,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">25.03/4306</specimenCode>
: BV15,
<quantity id="9E569B15FFF33F27C4719557C7C0FE9E" box="[1372,1432,295,321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="96.0">
<elevation id="D283D1C3FFF33F27C4719557C7C0FE9E" box="[1372,1432,295,321]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" unit="m" value="96.0">96 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; coll.
<collectorName id="F45B5326FFF33F27C1E2953BC34CFEBA" box="[207,276,331,357]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">UMA</collectorName>
;
<specimenCount id="4FA8FD79FFF33F27C032953BC3AEFEBA" box="[287,502,331,357]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">two living colonies</specimenCount>
encrusting shell fragments.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11B4657BFFF33F27C1EA951FC02EFE72" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF33F27C1EA951FC02EFE72" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,429]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C1EA951FC316FE56" bold="true" box="[199,334,367,393]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Latin
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF33F27C323951FC00FFE56" authorityName="Ramalho &amp; Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" box="[526,599,367,393]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C323951FC00FFE56" box="[526,599,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, -
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C35C951FC025FE57" box="[625,637,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">e</emphasis>
, meaning similar and referring to the similarities of this species with other
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF33F27C1F595E3C3F0FE72" box="[216,424,403,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C1F595E3C308FE72" box="[216,336,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">Escharella</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF33F27C0C595E3C03EFE72" baseAuthorityName="Calvet" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[488,614,403,429]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="praealta">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C0C595E3C03EFE72" box="[488,614,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">E. praealta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="0DD16678FFF33F27C1BA9339C142F82D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964895" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5964895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964895/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" startId="20.[151,250,1865,1889]" targetBox="[172,1416,454,1840]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF33F27C1BA9339C142F82D" blockId="20.[151,1437,1865,2034]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C1BA9339C34AF8BE" bold="true" box="[151,274,1865,1889]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF33F27C0359339C394F8BE" authority="Ramalho &amp; Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022" authorityName="Ramalho &amp; Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" box="[280,460,1865,1889]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C0359339C394F8BE" box="[280,460,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">Escharella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF33F27C0FF933AC052F8BD" bold="true" box="[466,522,1866,1890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70E95799FFF33F27C0FF933AC052F8BD" box="[466,522,1866,1890]" pageId="20" pageNumber="73" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(Holotype: MNCN 25.03/4302). A. General view of a colony growing on a shell fragment. B. Detail of some fertile zooids showing the eight persistent oral spines, small suboral umbo and ovicells with independent aperture (arrow shows the kenozooidal ovicell). C. Detail of an ancestrula with 8 + 5 spines and subsequent zooids with 8 oral spines. D. Basal view of the aperture of a zooid showing the lyrula (lower level) and suboral umbo (higher level), condyles absent. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 80 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="11B4657BFFF23F26C1EA94E6C07AFEC2" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF23F26C1EA94E6C07AFEC2" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,1294]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C1EA94E6C31AFF6F" bold="true" box="[199,322,150,176]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Colony encrusting, unilaminar. Primary orifice bearing eight oral spines (in both autozooids and ovicellate zooids) and small lyrula not visible frontally; proximally to the orifice a small, triangular umbo. Ovicell kenozooidal, spherical, with ooecial surface texture similar to that of the zooidal frontal shield. Ancestrula with 13 spines and an extensive cryptocyst.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11B4657BFFF23F26C1EA9556C35DFD5A" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" type="description">
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF23F26C1EA9556C35DFD5A" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,1294]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C1EA9556C301FE9F" bold="true" box="[199,345,294,320]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Description.</emphasis>
Colony encrusting, unilaminar (
<figureCitation id="C1952A75FFF23F26C3EE9557C144FE9E" box="[707,796,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1865,1889]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,454,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-140@20.[170,1417,453,1842]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Escharella similis n. sp. (Holotype: MNCN 25.03/4302).A. General view of a colony growing on a shell fragment. B. Detail of some fertile zooids showing the eight persistent oral spines, small suboral umbo and ovicells with independent aperture (arrow shows the kenozooidal ovicell). C. Detail of an ancestrula with 8 + 5 spines and subsequent zooids with 8 oral spines. D. Basal view of the aperture of a zooid showing the lyrula (lower level) and suboral umbo (higher level), condyles absent. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 80 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964895/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). Zooids elongate, hexagonal [L 584–714–855 (N 13, SD 73), W 378–435–506 μm (N 13, SD 34)], separated from each other by deep grooves; frontal wall very convex, finely granular, with a row of small, circular areolar pores (
<figureCitation id="C1952A75FFF23F26C213951FC1C0FE56" box="[830,920,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1865,1889]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,454,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-140@20.[170,1417,453,1842]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Escharella similis n. sp. (Holotype: MNCN 25.03/4302).A. General view of a colony growing on a shell fragment. B. Detail of some fertile zooids showing the eight persistent oral spines, small suboral umbo and ovicells with independent aperture (arrow shows the kenozooidal ovicell). C. Detail of an ancestrula with 8 + 5 spines and subsequent zooids with 8 oral spines. D. Basal view of the aperture of a zooid showing the lyrula (lower level) and suboral umbo (higher level), condyles absent. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 80 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964895/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
). Primary orifice hidden by a well-developed peristome, bearing eight oral spines (persisting in the fertile zooids), and a small, triangular proximal umbo (
<figureCitation id="C1952A75FFF23F26C46F95E3C2F5FE0E" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1865,1889]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,454,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-140@20.[170,1417,453,1842]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Escharella similis n. sp. (Holotype: MNCN 25.03/4302).A. General view of a colony growing on a shell fragment. B. Detail of some fertile zooids showing the eight persistent oral spines, small suboral umbo and ovicells with independent aperture (arrow shows the kenozooidal ovicell). C. Detail of an ancestrula with 8 + 5 spines and subsequent zooids with 8 oral spines. D. Basal view of the aperture of a zooid showing the lyrula (lower level) and suboral umbo (higher level), condyles absent. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 80 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964895/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Fig. 9B, C</figureCitation>
). Lyrula not easily visible due to the peristome, but small and triangular in shape (
<figureCitation id="C1952A75FFF23F26C51E95C7C6D4FE0E" box="[1075,1164,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1865,1889]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,454,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-140@20.[170,1417,453,1842]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Escharella similis n. sp. (Holotype: MNCN 25.03/4302).A. General view of a colony growing on a shell fragment. B. Detail of some fertile zooids showing the eight persistent oral spines, small suboral umbo and ovicells with independent aperture (arrow shows the kenozooidal ovicell). C. Detail of an ancestrula with 8 + 5 spines and subsequent zooids with 8 oral spines. D. Basal view of the aperture of a zooid showing the lyrula (lower level) and suboral umbo (higher level), condyles absent. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 80 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964895/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
). Ovicell of kenozooidal origin; ooecium spherical, wider than long [L 182–196–216 (N 10, SD 11), W 243–262–279 μm (N 10, SD 12)], not closed by the maternal operculum; ooecial surface similar to zooidal frontal shield (
<figureCitation id="C1952A75FFF23F26C5A3958FC755FDC6" box="[1166,1293,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1865,1889]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,454,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-140@20.[170,1417,453,1842]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Escharella similis n. sp. (Holotype: MNCN 25.03/4302).A. General view of a colony growing on a shell fragment. B. Detail of some fertile zooids showing the eight persistent oral spines, small suboral umbo and ovicells with independent aperture (arrow shows the kenozooidal ovicell). C. Detail of an ancestrula with 8 + 5 spines and subsequent zooids with 8 oral spines. D. Basal view of the aperture of a zooid showing the lyrula (lower level) and suboral umbo (higher level), condyles absent. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 80 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964895/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Fig. 9A, B</figureCitation>
). Ancestrula tatiform, smaller than a zooid [L 380, W 307 μm (N 1)], with almost circular opesia and eight oral spines placed disto-laterally; cryptocyst a flat extensive shelf, surface granular, extensive gymnocyst bearing five mural spines (
<figureCitation id="C1952A75FFF23F26C18D961BC2A0FD5A" box="[160,248,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1865,1889]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,454,1840]" captionTargetId="figure-140@20.[170,1417,453,1842]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 9. Escharella similis n. sp. (Holotype: MNCN 25.03/4302).A. General view of a colony growing on a shell fragment. B. Detail of some fertile zooids showing the eight persistent oral spines, small suboral umbo and ovicells with independent aperture (arrow shows the kenozooidal ovicell). C. Detail of an ancestrula with 8 + 5 spines and subsequent zooids with 8 oral spines. D. Basal view of the aperture of a zooid showing the lyrula (lower level) and suboral umbo (higher level), condyles absent. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 300 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 80 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5964895" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5964895/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="11B4657BFFF23F26C1EA96FFC749FAD2" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF23F26C1EA96FFC109FC16" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,1294]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C1EA96FFC363FD76" bold="true" box="[199,315,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF23F26C06A96FFC3E7FD76" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1848" box="[327,447,655,681]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C06A96FFC3E7FD76" box="[327,447,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Escharella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a very species-rich genus with approximately 70 species (
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF23F26C5BF96FFC74FFD76" author="Bock, P." box="[1170,1303,655,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" refId="ref16444" refString="Bock, P. (2021) Escharella Gray, 1848. Available from: http: // www. bryozoa. net / cheilostomata / romancheinidae / escharella. html (accessed 26 May 2021)" type="url" year="2021">Bock 2021</bibRefCitation>
). Only two species have eight oral spines:
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF23F26C0DD96C3C119FD12" authority="(Hincks, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Hincks" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[496,833,691,717]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="octodentata">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C0DD96C3C0CBFD12" box="[496,659,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">E. octodentata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF23F26C38C96C3C161FD12" author="Hincks, T. A." box="[673,825,691,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" refId="ref19788" refString="Hincks, T. A. (1880) A History of the British Marine Polyzoa. John van Voorst, London, 601 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 31555" type="book" year="1880">Hincks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF23F26C25A96C3C6E5FD12" authority="Souto et al., 2016" authorityName="Souto" authorityYear="2016" box="[887,1213,691,717]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lopezfei">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C25A96C3C1B5FD12" box="[887,1005,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">E. lopezfei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF23F26C2D996C3C6E5FD12" author="Souto, J. &amp; Berning, B. &amp; Ostrovsky, A. N." box="[1012,1213,691,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" pagination="401 - 459" refId="ref23612" refString="Souto, J., Berning, B. &amp; Ostrovsky, A. N. (2016) Systematics and diversity of deep-water Cheilostomata (Bryozoa) from Galicia Bank (NE Atlantic). Zootaxa, 4067 (4), 401 - 459. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4067.4.1" type="journal article" year="2016">
Souto
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C51196C3C635FD12" box="[1084,1133,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">et al</emphasis>
., 2016
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The former species is characterized by fertile zooids normally having six oral spines, occasionally eight (consistently eight in the new species), orifice with a broad, anvil-shaped lyrula and pointed condyles, and smaller autozooids (420–600 μm in
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF23F26C1BA976FC3EFFCE6" author="Hayward, P. J. &amp; Ryland, J. S." box="[151,439,799,825]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" refId="ref19484" refString="Hayward, P. J. &amp; Ryland, J. S. (1979) British Ascophoran Bryozoans. In: Kermack, D. M. &amp; Barnes, R. S. K. (Eds.), Synopses of the British Fauna. New Series. Academic Press for the Linnaean Society, London, 312 pp." type="book" year="1979">Hayward &amp; Ryland 1979</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF23F26C0E1976FC0FBFCE6" box="[460,675,799,825]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lopezfei">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C0E1976FC0FBFCE6" box="[460,675,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Escharella lopezfei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described from the
<collectingRegion id="9B6AF812FFF23F26C2AA976FC180FCE6" box="[903,984,799,825]" country="Spain" name="Galicia" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Galicia</collectingRegion>
Bank (off NW Spain) has fertile zooids with 8–9 spines but differs in having an orifice with thick, short, blunt condyles and lyrula visible in frontal view, no proximal umbo, and an ancestrula with 12 spines (
<quantity id="9E569B15FFF23F26C3C59717C178FC5E" box="[744,800,871,897]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.302" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" unit="in" value="13.0">13 in</quantity>
the new species). Moreover, in the two above-mentioned species the ovicell is produced by the distal zooid, whereas in the Alboran colonies it is of kenozooidal origin. All three species share an ancestrula with an extensive cryptocyst.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF23F26C1EA97A3C700FB7E" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,1294]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">
Another very similar species is
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF23F26C31B97A3C13EFC32" authority="(Calvet, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Calvet" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[566,870,979,1005]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="praealta">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C31B97A3C0EFFC32" box="[566,695,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">E. praealta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF23F26C3E597A3C107FC32" author="Calvet, L." box="[712,863,979,1005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" pagination="355 - 495" refId="ref17234" refString="Calvet, L. (1907) Bryozoaires. Expeditions scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman pendant les annees 1880, 1881, 1882 et 1883, 8, 355 - 495, pls. 26 - 30." type="journal article" year="1907">Calvet, 1907</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, recorded from the Gulf of Cadiz (
<typeStatus id="86158852FFF23F26C5D097A3C777FC32" box="[1277,1327,979,1005]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">type</typeStatus>
locality), the Canary Islands, and the Strait of
<collectingCountry id="21B97660FFF23F26C31A9787C0C4FBCE" box="[567,668,1015,1041]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF23F26C3869787C6C0FBCE" author="Lopez de la Cuadra, C. M. &amp; Garcia-Gomez, J. C." box="[683,1176,1015,1041]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" pagination="21 - 36" refId="ref21136" refString="Lopez de la Cuadra, C. M. &amp; Garcia-Gomez, J. C. (1988) Briozoos queilostomados del Estrecho de Gibraltar y areas proximas. Cahiers de Biologie Marine, 29, 21 - 36." type="journal article" year="1988">López de la Cuadra &amp; García-Gómez 1988</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF23F26C5899787C6B8FBCE" author="Lopez de la Cuadra, C. M. &amp; Garcia-Gomez, J. C." box="[1188,1248,1015,1041]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" pagination="457 - 469" refId="ref21231" refString="Lopez de la Cuadra, C. M. &amp; Garcia-Gomez, J. C. (1993) Little known Atlantic cheilostome bryozoans at the entrance to the Mediterranean. Journal of Natural History, 27, 457 - 469. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939300770221" type="journal article" year="1993">1993</bibRefCitation>
). It has a similar appearance (triangular suboral umbo, lyrula hidden by the peristome and absence of condyles), but has six oral spines in both ovicellate and non-ovicelllate zooids, a better developed umbo, an acutely-triangular lyrula, the ovicell has an umbo proximally near the aperture, and the ancestrula has six oral spines and another five mural spines around the cryptocyst. Thus, we identified the specimens from the Alboran platform as a new species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="591136F0FFF23F26C1EA90DBC749FAD2" blockId="21.[151,1437,150,1294]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">
<bibRefCitation id="3D3F4B01FFF23F26C1EA90DBC38DFB1A" author="Ramalho, L. V. &amp; Caballero-Herrera, J. A. &amp; Urra, J. &amp; Rueda, J. L." box="[199,469,1195,1221]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" pagination="106" refId="ref22466" refString="Ramalho, L. V., Caballero-Herrera, J. A., Urra, J. &amp; Rueda, J. L. (2020 a) Bryozoans from Chella Bank, (Seco de los Olivos) with the description of a new species and some new records for the Mediterranean Sea. Marine Biodiversity, 50, 106. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 020 - 01119 - y" type="journal article" year="2020">
Ramalho
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C01A90DBC334FB1A" box="[311,364,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">et al</emphasis>
. (2020a)
</bibRefCitation>
found some colonies of
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF23F26C3D090DBC191FB1A" authority="Ramalho &amp; Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas, 2022" authorityName="Ramalho &amp; Rodríguez-Aporta &amp; Gofas" authorityYear="2022" box="[765,969,1195,1221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C3D090DBC191FB1A" box="[765,969,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Escharella similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C2F990DBC64FFB1A" bold="true" box="[980,1047,1195,1221]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="70E95799FFF23F26C2F990DBC64FFB1A" box="[980,1047,1195,1221]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(mentioned as
<taxonomicName id="9EAE4D73FFF23F26C5E290DBC72BFB1A" box="[1231,1395,1195,1221]" class="Gastropoda" family="Vanikoridae" genus="Escharella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="6BDAEAE2FFF23F26C5E290DBC71FFB1A" box="[1231,1351,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="74">Escharella</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
) in samples collected on the Chella Bank (also known as Seco de los Olivos, Alboran Sea) at
<specimenCount id="4FA8FD79FFF23F26C5BF90BEC68AFB36" box="[1170,1234,1230,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" type="generic">
<quantity id="9E569B15FFF23F26C5BF90BEC696FB36" box="[1170,1230,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="95.0">95 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
Considering both sites (Chella Bank and the Alboran platform), the known depth range of this new species is
<quantity id="9E569B15FFF23F26C5B49082C755FAD2" box="[1177,1293,1266,1293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="107.5" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="95.0">
95–
<specimenCount id="4FA8FD79FFF23F26C5E99082C755FAD2" box="[1220,1293,1266,1293]" pageId="21" pageNumber="74" type="generic">120 m</specimenCount>
</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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