393 lines
45 KiB
XML
393 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document id="F6E897DB255FB1F757CF076872E4DAE1" ID-CLB-Dataset="28026" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4512.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="26e12e1b-2175-4007-871b-d0b73122e5e9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2607575" ID-ZooBank="E752FB7B-F34C-4D12-B8A2-EA6C791DD6C7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553586644813" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kaiser, Christine M., Kaiser, Hinrich & O’Shea, Mark" docDate="2018" docId="C80EBE29FFDFFFEFFF75FC450CDFF80F" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4512.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4512 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stegonotus batjanensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="3437C651FFC7FFF6FFE2FE470F12FFFE" masterDocTitle="The taxonomic history of Indo-Papuan groundsnakes, genus Stegonotus Duméril et al., 1854 (Colubridae), with some taxonomic revisions and the designation of a neotype for S. parvus (Meyer, 1874)" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698713152511" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="4FE79307191804DE482D335BF1B587FC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="78E31869C75AE9E846BD04DF61E818CC">
|
||
<mods:title id="83A7BEB9B7A36BBE561F8EBA5487EABE">The taxonomic history of Indo-Papuan groundsnakes, genus Stegonotus Duméril et al., 1854 (Colubridae), with some taxonomic revisions and the designation of a neotype for S. parvus (Meyer, 1874)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="0831F41A32922A4EA0FE64D7AE160C25" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="BCCD372ED5D0ABC4D73B143980D25B08">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="1C64A8D29946D448C00DA6EE44592DB9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E852A8B2AA0DE88FFB24A6385CB5F63D">Kaiser, Christine M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="D68A9106D4E04B4D621A536D4C4DA1D5" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="67D3102BF6FC3A1C9AB49E5A3D278E41">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="B55E10EA11B22A7531C3B61AC782CE91">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="001A9C992A1C0BB105AEEFBCFCC22187">Kaiser, Hinrich</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="EF66A47B13BC9F4BDEF42420C7136BEF" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B81B29F2A1F34CCCD41D94DC9F67C16F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D80ACF77818C53197E06DE2A749206B0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="AD61766C28DCFD1610677A1B5FB3FFE0">O’Shea, Mark</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="F49E3032E22D8BC4220BDF976B412EF5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="22F47323F163DC5E4F1755EA43433D29" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="A65D36513B2F6D1DE7512BDB1EACCBA0">
|
||
<mods:title id="4FAD5129A12F479089571F9892D66F26">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="8E5E3E697BC283C6E3186AF74B8E4B7C">
|
||
<mods:date id="B1022BF4378D8BB7CF2315C2D33B3AA7">2018</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="1074138221E00293AD7DE624B007AD27" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="E7487234DC823801262C85691C17781E">2018-11-05</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="9A0D1780C6915B697A983599883396C0" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="60646E0DE57B37C52A71C2B0E97D7C92">4512</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="91FB93697E421CAFF7CC30778C04F65B" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="55F28DB39C8BBD91458B0436C55BBFCD">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="1638F09C3A2E3C386253EFD76B80E436" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="E3E34D6C973F483591AA121965BCB8DA">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="EC9ADBDC97D838B68BF1F6010648BFB4">73</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="3C88E3F4AA054ADCBD51F99E1CDC09C1">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="4B7B934BCBA5BAAEC2E8CAC4DB78C01D" type="CLB-Dataset">28026</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3F1A1247C529412184B73676B80E5386" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4512.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5F5CE04793789DF1D21A9DF16ED9721D" type="GBIF-Dataset">26e12e1b-2175-4007-871b-d0b73122e5e9</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F5AEB7CF4865382895E502B42A804B6D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B26E7E245E768C9D8E5AC0F8A068DB10" type="Zenodo-Dep">2607575</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BFA10BF19A0215C4F48BBE58A0C2EA86" type="ZooBank">E752FB7B-F34C-4D12-B8A2-EA6C791DD6C7</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="C80EBE29FFDFFFEFFF75FC450CDFF80F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5997369" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154496324" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5997369" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80EBE29FFDFFFEFFF75FC450CDFF80F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C80EBE29FFDFFFEFFF75FC450CDFF80F" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<subSubSection id="08BD5CB4FFDFFFEEFF75FC450EAAFD9C" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF75FC450D65FDE3" blockId="24.[151,631,514,541]" box="[151,631,514,541]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<heading id="1B50B853FFDFFFEEFF75FC450D65FDE3" bold="true" box="[151,631,514,541]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFF75FC450D65FDE3" authority="(Gunther, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[151,631,514,541]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Stegonotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batjanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF75FC450D65FDE3" bold="true" box="[151,631,514,541]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF75FC450EB9FDE2" bold="true" box="[151,427,514,540]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Stegonotus batjanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFE58FC440D7DFDE3" author="Gunther, A." box="[442,623,515,541]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="89 - 98" refId="ref44013" refString="Gunther, A. (1865) Fourth account of new species of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 15 (3), 89 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936508681770" type="journal article" year="1865">Günther, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF75FC0E0EAAFD9C" blockId="24.[151,1437,585,1641]" box="[151,440,585,610]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF75FC0E0E7CFD9C" bold="true" box="[151,366,585,610]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Taxonomic status.</emphasis>
|
||
Valid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="08BD5CB4FFDFFFEEFF25FC2A0CE3FC7C" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF25FC2A0CC2FD78" blockId="24.[151,1437,585,1641]" box="[199,976,621,646]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF25FC2A0E5BFD78" bold="true" box="[199,329,621,646]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Synonyms.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFEB2FC2A0C08FD78" authority="Bleeker, 1857: 473" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityPageNumber="473" authorityYear="1857" box="[336,794,621,646]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Leptophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batjanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFEB2FC2A0D57FD78" box="[336,581,621,646]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Leptophis batjanensis</emphasis>
|
||
Bleeker, 1857:473
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFCC8FC290CD5FD78" box="[810,967,621,646]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">nomen nudum</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF25FCD60CE3FC7C" blockId="24.[151,1437,585,1641]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF25FCD60E6EFD54" bold="true" box="[199,380,657,682]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Original name.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFE61FCD60CA3FD54" authority="Gunther 1865: 93" authorityName="Gunther" authorityPageNumber="93" authorityYear="1865" box="[387,945,657,682]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batjanensis" subGenus="Lielaphis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFE61FCD60ECDFD54" box="[387,479,657,682]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Coluber</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFE0DFCD60D45FD54" box="[495,599,657,682]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lielaphis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFD8AFCD60DF5FD54" box="[616,743,657,682]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">batjanensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFD0DFCD60C9DFD54" author="Gunther, A." box="[751,911,657,682]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="89 - 98" refId="ref44013" refString="Gunther, A. (1865) Fourth account of new species of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 15 (3), 89 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936508681770" type="journal article" year="1865">Günther 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:93
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In his fourth list of snakes, Günther placed his new species into a genus he erected to accommodate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFCCEFCF20B1CFD30" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1863" box="[812,1038,693,718]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holochrous">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFCCEFCF20B1CFD30" box="[812,1038,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Coluber holochrous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFBABFCF20A3BFD33" authorityName=", Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[1097,1321,693,718]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Spilotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="samarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFBABFCF20A3BFD33" box="[1097,1321,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Spilotes samarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see their respective accounts above), two species that have long been in the synonymy of other taxa (with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFB2FFC9D0A43FD0C" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1229,1361,729,754]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Stegonotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFB2FFC9D0A43FD0C" box="[1229,1361,729,754]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFA65FC9D0FE6FCE8" authorityName=", Boulenger" authorityYear="1893" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muelleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFA65FC9D0FE6FCE8" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. muelleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively). Due to the logistical constraints of research at the time, it is doubtful that Günther actually personally examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F1CB19DFFDFFFEEFE53FD650EF3FCC4" box="[433,481,802,826]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFD66FD650C1BFCC4" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[644,777,801,826]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Stegonotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFD66FD650C1BFCC4" box="[644,777,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. modestus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFCCDFD650CBBFCC4" authorityName=", Boulenger" authorityYear="1893" box="[815,937,801,826]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Lycodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="muelleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFCCDFD650CBBFCC4" box="[815,937,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. muelleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the respective taxa in whose synonymy the two putative
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFEC8FD020E80FCA0" box="[298,402,837,862]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lielaphis</emphasis>
|
||
species were placed. The species epithet references Batjan, an older name for Bacan Island based on Dutch pronunciation, and the description was presented in English.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="08BD5CB4FFDFFFEEFF25FDCA0A07FB5C" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF25FDCA0A8EFC34" blockId="24.[151,1437,585,1641]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F0CF0562FFDFFFEEFF25FDCA0A8EFC34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028140029" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCode="BMNH 1946.1, BMNH 63.12" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF25FDCA0E29FC58" bold="true" box="[199,315,909,934]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F1CB19DFFDFFFEEFF25FDCA0E24FC58" box="[199,310,909,934]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="1001A744FFDFFFEEFEA6FDC90EFDFC58" box="[324,495,909,934]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">BMNH 1946.1</specimenCode>
|
||
.11.36 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D89C13BAFFDFFFEEFDA6FDCA0D88FC58" box="[580,666,909,934]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1074,1096]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1052]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,195,1052]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 13. Holotype of Stegonotus batjanensis (Günther 1865), BMNH 1946.1.11.36, an adult male from Bacan Island, North Maluku Province, Indonesia. Shown are the entire specimen (TTL = 1580 mm) in (A) dorsal and (B) ventral views, and its head in (C) dorsal, (D) right lateral, and (E) ventral views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2607600/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="0D253A84FFDFFFEEFD45FDCA0DEEFC58" box="[679,764,909,934]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="60.[147,229,603,624]" captionText="TABLE 1. Name-bearing types of species in the genus Stegonotus. In this list we present basic data, including common measurements and selected scale counts, for all namebearing types (i.e., holotypes—HT, lectotypes—LT, neotypes—NT, syntypes—ST) to provide an easy overview of species. Additional details and the information for paratypes and paralectotypes can be found in the text. Character abbreviations are explained in the main text. For specimens where sex is indicated in red, we used the SCR value and not direct observation to estimate sex. Missing values are indicated by O. Specimen Type SCR SubC Species Synonym Sex SVL TL TTL V SC Dorsals SCE SL IL ILG Number Status (%) Condition LSUMZ admiraltiensis HT M 658 185 843 208 98 32 paired 17-19-15 4+5 8 10 10 93958 MSNG aruensis HT M 582 233 815 190 103 35 paired 17-17-15 3+4 7 8 4 30186 BMNH australis HT M 503 135 638 205 77 27 paired 17-17-15 4+5 8 9 5 1946.1.14.93 AMS australis darnleyensis HT F 720 O O 198 53+ O paired 17-17-15 4+5 9 10 5 R31894 AMS australis plumbeus HT M 1025 250 1275 220 74 25 paired 17-17-15 3+4+5 9 10 5 R31895 BMNH batjanensis HT M 1239 321 1560 235 86 27 paired 17-17-15 3+4+5 8 10 5 1946.1.11.36 FMNH borneensis HT F 783 221 1004 195 79 29 paired 17-17-15 4+5 10 11 5 164746 MNHN cucullatus HT M 769 254 1023 209 91 30 paired 17-17-15 4+5 8 9 5 3412 MTKD a cucullatus magnus ST F O O O 207 74 26 paired O-19-O 4+5 8 O O 573 ZMB b cucullatus magnus ST M 975 265 1240 211 87 29 paired 19-19-17 3+4 8 10 5 8794 MZB derooijae HT M 455 193 648 181 94 34 paired 17-17-15 3+4 7 8 8 Ophi.3288 MWNH diehli HT juv 196 56 252 179 82 31 paired 15-15-15 3+4 7 8 4 1244 NMW dorsalis HT M 805 245 1050 208 88 30 paired 15-15-15 4+5 8 10 5 14861 ZMA 9R florensis HT M 447 109 556 217 65 23 single 21-21-19 3+4+5 10 5 11080 8L BMNH guentheri LT F 683 165 848 192 64 25 paired 15-15-13 4+5 8 9 4 1946.1.11.38 ……continued on the next page" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
), formerly
|
||
<specimenCode id="1001A744FFDFFFEEFC63FDC90B33FC58" box="[897,1057,909,934]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">BMNH 63.12</specimenCode>
|
||
.4.15, an adult male. The original description included line drawings of the head in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFBD8FDF60A82FC34" author="Gunther, A." box="[1082,1424,945,970]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="89 - 98" refId="ref44013" refString="Gunther, A. (1865) Fourth account of new species of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 15 (3), 89 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936508681770" type="journal article" year="1865">Günther 1865: Plate II, Fig. A</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF25FD920B06FC10" blockId="24.[151,1437,585,1641]" box="[199,1044,981,1006]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF25FD920E77FC10" bold="true" box="[199,357,981,1006]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Type locality.</emphasis>
|
||
“Batjan” [Bacan Island,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="8263C1DDFFDFFFEEFD9CFD920C98FC10" box="[638,906,981,1006]" country="Indonesia" name="Maluku Utara" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">North Maluku Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDFFFEEFC74FD920B18FC10" box="[918,1034,981,1006]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF25FDBE0A07FB5C" blockId="24.[151,1437,585,1641]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF25FDBE0E28FBEC" bold="true" box="[199,314,1017,1042]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Collector.</emphasis>
|
||
The specimen is listed as having been collected by Pieter Bleeker, but Bleeker never ventured out into the northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDFFFEEFEB4FA5A0ED1FBC8" box="[342,451,1053,1078]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFE33FA5A0D7EFBC8" author="Bleeker, P." box="[465,620,1053,1078]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="11 - 158" refId="ref42267" refString="Bleeker, P. (1877) Levensbericht van P. Bleeker. Jaarboek van de Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen, 1877, 11 - 158." type="journal article" year="1877">Bleeker 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFD95FA5A0C3DFBC8" author="Heiningen, T. W. van" box="[631,815,1053,1078]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="257 - 267" refId="ref44284" refString="Heiningen, T. W. van (2010) Pieter Bleeker (1819 - 1878), medecin et naturaliste passionne. Histoire des Sciences Medicales, 44, 257 - 267." type="journal article" year="2010">Heiningen 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It was most likely sent to London from Batavia as part of Bleeker’s donations, which were assembled from a variety of suppliers. However, since Bleeker departed the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDFFFEEFF75FA220E4FFB80" box="[151,349,1125,1150]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Dutch East Indies</collectingCountry>
|
||
in the year 1860, the specimen must have been collected before his departure, and likely after his trip through the central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDFFFEEFE7DFACE0D1EFB5C" box="[415,524,1161,1186]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1855, where his interest in the region was kindled (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFB8EFACE0A1BFB5C" author="Bleeker, P." box="[1132,1289,1161,1186]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref42155" refString="Bleeker, P. (1856) Reis door de Minahassa en de Molukschen Archipel, gedaan in de Maanden September en Oktober 1855 in het Gevolg van den Gouverneur Generaal Mr. A. J. Duymaer van Twist. Lange & Co., Batavia [Jakarta, Indonesia], 350 pp." type="book" year="1856">Bleeker 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="08BD5CB4FFDFFFEEFF25FAEA0FF0F86B" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF25FAEA0C27FAC4" blockId="24.[151,1437,585,1641]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF25FAEA0D7CFB38" bold="true" box="[199,622,1197,1222]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Key characteristics of the
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F0CF0562FFDFFFEEFDE2FAEA0D7CFB38" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028140008" box="[512,622,1197,1222]" collectionCode="SVL" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F1CB19DFFDFFFEEFDE2FAEA0D7BFB38" box="[512,617,1197,1222]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The original description includes measurements of an SVL
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F0CF0562FFDFFFEEFAF6FAEA0C21FB14" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028140016" collectionCode="SVL" location="12 in. This" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
of
|
||
<quantity id="875FA2DAFFDFFFEEFAD1FAEA0A7EFB38" box="[1331,1388,1197,1222]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5493999999999999" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="61.0">61 in</quantity>
|
||
and a tail length of
|
||
<location id="457859E4FFDFFFEEFEDCFA950EA7FB14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C80EBE29FFDFFFEFFF75FC450CDFF80F:457859E4FFDFFFEEFEDCFA950EA7FB14" box="[318,437,1233,1258]" name="12 in. This" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<quantity id="875FA2DAFFDFFFEEFEDCFA950E6FFB14" box="[318,381,1233,1258]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in.</quantity>
|
||
This
|
||
</location>
|
||
converts to 1549 (1280) mm
|
||
<collectionCode id="26B697FAFFDFFFEEFD1CFA950C21FB14" box="[766,819,1234,1258]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
+ 305 (300) mm TL = 1854 (1580) mm TTL.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F0CF0562FFDFFFEEFAD4FA950EC3FAED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028140019" collectionCode="SCR" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
V
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFAA8FAA70A44FB10" attach="left" box="[1354,1366,1248,1262]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFAA8FAA70A44FB10" box="[1354,1366,1248,1262]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
= 236 (235), SC
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFEE6FB4E0E02FAE9" attach="left" box="[260,272,1289,1303]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFEE6FB4E0E02FAE9" box="[260,272,1289,1303]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
= 78
|
||
<superScript id="B7D2A277FFDFFFEEFEA8FAB00E4AFAFB" attach="left" box="[330,344,1271,1285]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">11</superScript>
|
||
(86),
|
||
<collectionCode id="26B697FAFFDFFFEEFE7EFABC0EC3FAED" box="[412,465,1275,1299]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Herbarium">SCR</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="F0CF0562FFDFFFEEFE33FB4E0BE9FAED" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028140024" box="[465,1275,1275,1303]" collectionCode="IL" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFE33FB4E0ECFFAE9" attach="left" box="[465,477,1289,1303]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFE33FB4E0ECFFAE9" box="[465,477,1289,1303]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
= 0.27; D = O-17-O (17-17-15), SL
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFC99FB4E0C96FAE9" attach="left" box="[891,900,1289,1303]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">E</subScript>
|
||
= 3+4+5 (3+4+5), SL = 8 (8),
|
||
<collectionCode id="26B697FAFFDFFFEEFB03FABB0BE9FAED" box="[1249,1275,1276,1299]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">IL</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
= 10, counted from the figure in the original description (10), IL
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFD24FB770DC3FAC0" attach="left" box="[710,721,1328,1342]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G</subScript>
|
||
= O (5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF25FB0F0A87F99B" blockId="24.[151,1437,585,1641]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF25FB0F0D7FFA9F" bold="true" box="[199,621,1352,1377]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Key characteristics of the species.</emphasis>
|
||
We were able to examine
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFC57FB0E0B40FA9F" box="[949,1106,1352,1377]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="generic">28 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFB60FB0E0A31FA9F" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1865" box="[1154,1315,1352,1377]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batjanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFB60FB0E0A31FA9F" box="[1154,1315,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">S. batjanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that were collected on one of the four islands to which we are restricting the distribution of the species. Of these, one (the male
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F1CB19DFFDFFFEEFF37FBD70E2BFA57" box="[213,313,1424,1449]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) was collected on Bacan, 16 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFD68FBD70DD8FA56" box="[650,714,1424,1449]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">5 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFD35FBD60C0AFA56" box="[727,792,1425,1448]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">7 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, four of unknown sex) on Halmahera, four on Morotai (
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFA72FBD60FBEFA32" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFF5EFBF20E12FA33" box="[188,256,1461,1485]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">3 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
), and five on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDFFFEEFE43FBF20EE7FA32" box="[417,501,1461,1484]" name="Indonesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ternate</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFDE4FBF20D5AFA32" box="[518,584,1461,1485]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFDB5FBF20D88FA32" box="[599,666,1461,1485]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, one of unknown sex). Two additional specimens we examined are clearly members of this species but no locality is available. Characteristics include V
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFBA9FBA00B45FA0B" attach="left" box="[1099,1111,1511,1525]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFBA9FBA00B45FA0B" box="[1099,1111,1511,1525]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
= 203–216 (211 ± 4.5), V
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFA98FBA00A94FA0B" attach="left" box="[1402,1414,1511,1525]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFA98FBA00A94FA0B" box="[1402,1414,1511,1525]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
= 221–236 (229 ± 4.3); SC
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFE53F8490EAFF9E2" attach="left" box="[433,445,1550,1564]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFE53F8490EAFF9E2" box="[433,445,1550,1564]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
= 80–90 (84 ± 3.8), SC
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFD28F8490DC4F9E2" attach="left" box="[714,726,1550,1564]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFD28F8490DC4F9E2" box="[714,726,1550,1564]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
= 78–89 (85 ± 3.3); SCR
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFC15F8490B11F9E2" attach="left" box="[1015,1027,1550,1564]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFC15F8490B11F9E2" box="[1015,1027,1550,1564]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
= 0.28, SCR
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFB75F8490BB1F9E2" attach="left" box="[1175,1187,1550,1564]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<specimenCount id="56A1C4B6FFDFFFEEFB75F8490BB1F9E2" box="[1175,1187,1550,1564]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
</subScript>
|
||
= 0.27; D = 17-17-15 (100%); SL
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFEF8F8730E31F9BC" attach="left" box="[282,291,1588,1602]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">E</subScript>
|
||
= 3+4+5 (100%); SL = 8 (n = 22, 96%) or rarely 7 (n = 1, 4%); IL = 9 (n = 18, 78%), 10 (n = 4, 17%), or rarely 8 (n = 1, 4%); IL
|
||
<subScript id="DC230D7AFFDFFFEEFE20F81C0EDFF997" attach="left" box="[450,461,1627,1641]" fontSize="6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">G</subScript>
|
||
= 5 (100%). The species displays sexual dimorphism in the non-overlapping ventral
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF75F8EF0FF0F86B" blockId="24.[151,1436,1704,2033]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
10.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFF2EF8EF0E87F940" author="Gunther, A." box="[204,405,1704,1726]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="58 - 60" refId="ref43932" refString="Gunther, A. (1863 a) Contribution to the herpetology of Ceram. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 3 (12), 58 - 60." type="journal article" year="1863">Günther (1863a:60)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
wrote, “If we divide the
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFD6DF8EF0DCCF940" box="[655,734,1704,1726]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Colubri</emphasis>
|
||
with equal or subequal teeth into the subgeneric divisions of
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFAA7F8EF0EA5F923" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFAA7F8EF0A8AF940" box="[1349,1432,1704,1726]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Coluber</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFF75F8800FF5F923" box="[151,231,1735,1757]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Elaphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Elaphis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFF11F8800E47F923" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1849" box="[243,341,1735,1757]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Cynophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Cynophis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFE83F8800EA1F923" authorityName="Samarensis Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[353,435,1735,1757]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Spilotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Spilotes</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFE0EF8800D78F923" box="[492,618,1735,1757]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coryphodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFE0EF8800D78F923" box="[492,618,1735,1757]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Coryphodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as indicated in my 'Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes,' p. 84, the present species [
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFF7DF8A20E79F905" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1863" box="[159,363,1765,1787]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holochrous">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF7DF8A20E79F905" box="[159,363,1765,1787]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Coluber holochrous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
] does not enter any of these sections; and we may propose the name of
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFB81F8A20BD3F905" box="[1123,1217,1765,1787]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Lielaphis</emphasis>
|
||
for a sixth group, of which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFF3EF9420E79F8E4" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1863" box="[220,363,1796,1818]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="holochrous">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFF3EF9420E79F8E4" box="[220,363,1796,1818]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. holochrous</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="9F1CB19DFFDFFFEEFE4DF9420ECFF8E4" box="[431,477,1797,1818]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, and to which also
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFD43F9430CA4F8E4" authority=", Peters" authorityName=", Peters" authorityYear="1861" box="[673,950,1796,1818]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Spilotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="samarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFD43F9430C7BF8E4" box="[673,873,1796,1818]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Spilotes samarensis</emphasis>
|
||
, Peters
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, belongs.” However, in his
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFB32F9430A2BF8E4" box="[1232,1337,1796,1818]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Catalogue</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFAA5F9430FF9F8C7" author="Gunther, A." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refId="ref43899" refString="Gunther, A. (1858) Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum, London, United Kingdom, 281 pp." type="book" year="1858">Günther 1858:84</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) these “subgenera” are listed as genera (the term
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFD13F9640C52F8C7" box="[753,832,1827,1849]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Colubri</emphasis>
|
||
is not used) and in his third account of new snakes in the British Museum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFEA5F9060D02F8A9" author="Gunther, A." box="[327,528,1857,1879]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="348 - 365" refId="ref43964" refString="Gunther, A. (1863 b) Third account of new species of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 12 (3), 348 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936308681536" type="journal article" year="1863">Günther 1863b:349</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) he listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDFFFEEFD95F9060DD6F8A9" box="[631,708,1857,1879]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Elaphis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDFFFEEFD95F9060DD6F8A9" box="[631,708,1857,1879]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Elaphis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a genus. Whereas the subgeneric divisions in the paper on the Ceram herpetofauna are explicit, we believe the taxon levels are better stated to be the tribe Colubri and a division of the tribe into six genera.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="08BD5CB4FFDFFFEFFF75F9DA0B9AFAC7" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDFFFEEFF75F9DA0FC2F80F" blockId="24.[151,1436,1704,2033]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
11. Given the large difference between our own count and the value listed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDFFFEEFC24F9DA0B75F84D" author="Gunther, A." box="[966,1127,1949,1971]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="89 - 98" refId="ref44013" refString="Gunther, A. (1865) Fourth account of new species of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 15 (3), 89 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936508681770" type="journal article" year="1865">Günther (1865)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, we believe it most likely that Günther inadvertently reversed his numbers and that his actual count would have been 87, including the now missing tail tip scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="14D85FB7FFDEFFEFFF75FA750C16FB7B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2607600/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[151,250,1074,1096]" targetBox="[151,1436,195,1052]" targetPageId="25">
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDEFFEFFF75FA750C16FB7B" blockId="25.[151,1436,1074,1157]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDEFFEFFF75FA750E30FBB9" bold="true" box="[151,290,1074,1096]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDEFFEFFE53FA750C5AFBB6" authority="(Gunther 1865)" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1865" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[433,840,1074,1096]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Stegonotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batjanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDEFFEFFE53FA750D8FFBB6" box="[433,669,1074,1096]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Stegonotus batjanensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Günther 1865)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, BMNH 1946.1.11.36, an adult male from Bacan Island, North Maluku Province, Indonesia. Shown are the entire specimen (TTL = 1580 mm) in (A) dorsal and (B) ventral views, and its head in (C) dorsal, (D) right lateral, and (E) ventral views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDEFFEFFF75FA900B9AFAC7" blockId="25.[151,1436,1237,1841]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
count. De
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDEFFEFFEF7FA900EB7FB10" author="de Lang, R." box="[277,421,1238,1263]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref42940" refString="de Lang, R. (2013) The Snakes of the Moluccas (Maluku), Indonesia: a Field Guide to the Land and Non-Marine Aquatic Snakes of the Moluccas with Identification Key. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 417 pp." type="book" year="2013">Lang (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed dorsal counts of “19, 17, or 15-17-15” for the species, citing several literature sources
|
||
<superScript id="B7D2A277FFDEFFEFFF09FABE0FE8FAF9" attach="left" box="[235,250,1273,1287]" fontSize="6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">12</superScript>
|
||
. We found only the 17-17-15 count, although there are specimens that display dorsal count oddities, whereby a few dorsal rows have 16 or 18 rows before returning to the regular count of 17.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="08BD5CB4FFDEFFEFFF25FB030CDFF80F" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDEFFEFFF25FB030E22F8CF" blockId="25.[151,1436,1237,1841]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDEFFEFFF25FB030E5DFAA3" bold="true" box="[199,335,1348,1373]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDEFFEFFEBAFB020D49FAA3" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[344,603,1348,1373]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Stegonotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batjanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDEFFEFFEBAFB020D49FAA3" box="[344,603,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Stegonotus batjanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a distinctively patterned northern Moluccan regional endemic, whose presence on Bacan, Halmahera, Kasiruta, Morotai, Obi,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDEFFEFFCEAFB2E0C4DFA7E" box="[776,863,1385,1408]" name="Indonesia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ternate</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDEFFEFFC7AFB2F0CF0FA7F" box="[920,994,1384,1409]" name="Indonesia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tidore</collectingCountry>
|
||
is confirmed by voucher specimens (de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDEFFEFFF75FBCA0E07FA5B" author="de Lang, R." box="[151,277,1421,1445]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref42940" refString="de Lang, R. (2013) The Snakes of the Moluccas (Maluku), Indonesia: a Field Guide to the Land and Non-Marine Aquatic Snakes of the Moluccas with Identification Key. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 417 pp." type="book" year="2013">Lang 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We have not seen specimens from Kasiruta, Obi, or
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDEFFEFFC98FBCB0CD5FA5B" box="[890,967,1420,1445]" name="Indonesia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tidore</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and we are wondering whether these are the ones with dorsal scale counts that differ from the norm. There are two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDEFFEFFB4CFBF60A5CFA37" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1198,1358,1456,1481]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Stegonotus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="batjanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDEFFEFFB4CFBF60A5CFA37" box="[1198,1358,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">S. batjanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the collection of the Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam (ZMA17660A–B) whose locality is given as
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDEFFEFFB22FB930A06FA13" box="[1216,1300,1492,1517]" name="Indonesia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ambon</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see also de
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDEFFEFFF75FBBE0E04F9EF" author="de Lang, R." box="[151,278,1529,1553]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref42940" refString="de Lang, R. (2013) The Snakes of the Moluccas (Maluku), Indonesia: a Field Guide to the Land and Non-Marine Aquatic Snakes of the Moluccas with Identification Key. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 417 pp." type="book" year="2013">Lang 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This locality is incongruent with the expected northern Moluccan range for the species, placing it at least
|
||
<quantity id="875FA2DAFFDEFFEFFF36F85A0E3EF9CB" box="[212,300,1564,1589]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="km" value="300.0">300 km</quantity>
|
||
to the south of confirmed localities, and on the far side of Seram, from which this species is not known. These two specimens were given to the ZMA during the retrenchment of the Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen [Royal Tropical Institute] without a named collector based on the collection’s specimen ledger. We believe that the locality “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDEFFEFFE84F8CF0EADF95F" box="[358,447,1672,1697]" name="Indonesia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ambon</collectingCountry>
|
||
” is in error, and that
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDEFFEFFD28F8CF0C33F95F" box="[714,801,1672,1697]" name="Indonesia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ambon</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the main center of economic activity in this area of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="38B04FAFFFDEFFEFFF75F8EB0E15F93B" box="[151,263,1708,1733]" name="Indonesia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, was merely the shipping point of origin for specimens collected in the region. This is not a unique circumstance, as the example of the Timor python (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="87A774BCFFDEFFEFFD34F8970CE9F916" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[726,1019,1744,1769]" class="Reptilia" family="Pythonidae" genus="Malayopython" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="timoriensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="72D3D32DFFDEFFEFFD34F8970CE9F916" box="[726,1019,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Malayopython timoriensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) shows, which was not collected and does not occur on Timor, but was merely shipped from Kupang in West Timor (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDEFFEFFBFEF8B30A0CF8F3" author="Barker, D. G. & Barker, T. M." box="[1052,1310,1780,1805]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="103 - 108" refId="ref41998" refString="Barker, D. G. & Barker, T. M. (1996) The Lesser Sundas python (Python timoriensis): taxonomic history, distribution, husbandry, and captive reproduction. In: Strimple, P. D. (Ed.), Advances in Herpetoculture. International Herpetological Symposium, Boise, Idaho, USA, pp. 103 - 108." type="proceedings paper" year="1996">Barker & Barker 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="243672CEFFDEFFEFFAC9F8B30E36F8CF" author="Kaiser, C. M. & Kaiser, H. & Rickerl, K. & O'Shea, M." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" refId="ref44673" refString="Kaiser, C. M., Kaiser, H., Rickerl, K. & O'Shea, M. (2018) A portable, low-cost approach for photographing fluid-preserved snake specimens: recommendations with comments on optimizing natural history specimen photography. Herpetological Review. In press." type="book" year="2018">O’Shea & Kaiser 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="40180F3FFFDEFFEFFF75F99C0CDFF80F" blockId="25.[151,973,2011,2033]" box="[151,973,2011,2033]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">12. We interpret this to mean dorsal counts of 19-17-15, 17-17-15, or 15-17-15.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |