treatments-xml/data/B4/74/87/B47487DD80078174F9F1FF1AFB2B19A0.xml
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<document id="ED00B98432971451361C839B017468AB" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.210165" ID-GBIF-Dataset="90f5f5d1-4ae3-4cc0-87b6-fb2ed5263ef5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="210165" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460516665735" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zeng, Yongsan, Ye, Weimin, Tredway, Lane, Martin, Samuel &amp; Martin, Matt" docDate="2012" docId="B47487DD80078174F9F1FF1AFB2B19A0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03452p046.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3452" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Mesocriconema curvatum" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="484DFFA580108163F966FF8DFFAA1B35" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and morphology of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with turfgrasses in North and South Carolina, USA" masterLastPageNumber="46" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1698314172864" updateUser="plazi">
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<treatment id="B47487DD80078174F9F1FF1AFB2B19A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6171842" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119524591" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6171842" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B47487DD80078174F9F1FF1AFB2B19A0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B47487DD80078174F9F1FF1AFB2B19A0" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection id="74C7654080078174F9F1FF1AFE8E1BE7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3C6236CB80078174F9F1FF1AFE781B84" blockId="23.[151,466,151,211]" box="[151,466,151,177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="672A81A780078174F9F1FF1AFE781B84" bold="true" box="[151,466,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="FBDD4D4880078174F9F1FF1AFE781B84" box="[151,466,151,177]" class="Secernentea" family="Criconematidae" genus="Mesocriconema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvatum">
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174F9F1FF1AFE781B84" bold="true" box="[151,466,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mesocriconema curvatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C6236CB80078174F9F1FF37FE8E1BE7" blockId="23.[151,466,151,211]" box="[151,292,186,211]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
(
<figureCitation id="A4E62A4E80078174F9F9FF37FF481BE7" box="[159,226,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="23.[151,246,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,702,1910]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1436,701,1913]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 5. Micrographs of Mesocriconema curvatum, M. xenoplax, M. sphaerocephala and Ogma floridense from turfgrasses in NC and SC. All scale bars = 20 µm. A. Pharyngeal region of M. curvatum. B. Pharyngeal region of M. xenoplax. C. Pharyngeal region of M. sphaerocephala. D, G. Female tail of M. xenoplax. E. Pharyngeal region of O. floridense. F. Female tail of M. curvatum. H. Female tail of M. sphaerocephala. I. Body with anastomoses of M. sphaerocephala. J. Vulva and tail region of O. floridense." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/210170/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A, F)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="74C7654080078174F9F1FE8DFE401A22" box="[151,490,255,280]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="3C6236CB80078174F9F1FE8DFE401A22" blockId="23.[151,1437,255,662]" box="[151,490,255,280]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174F9F1FE8DFEEC1A2D" bold="true" box="[151,326,256,280]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Measurements</emphasis>
. See
<tableCitation id="715F037080078174F8E2FF72FE4C1A22" box="[388,486,255,279]" captionStart="TABLE 11" captionStartId="22.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,232,1998]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="TABLE 11. Mesocriconema spp.: morphometrics of females mounted in water. All measurements in μm and in the" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/68A2664380068175F9F1FF1AFA361B9A" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" tableUuid="68A2664380068175F9F1FF1AFA361B9A">Table 11</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="74C7654080078174F9A1FEAEFB2B19A0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3C6236CB80078174F9A1FEAEFB2B19A0" blockId="23.[151,1437,255,662]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174F9A1FEAEFE911A0E" bold="true" box="[199,315,291,315]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FBDD4D4880078174F82BFEA9FDD71A0E" box="[333,637,292,315]" class="Secernentea" family="Criconematidae" genus="Mesocriconema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvatum">
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174F82BFEA9FDD71A0E" box="[333,637,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mesocriconema curvatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described from soil around the roots of snapdragon (
<taxonomicName id="FBDD4D4880078174F9C6FEC8FE8D1A68" box="[160,295,325,349]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plantaginaceae" genus="Antirrhinum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174F9C6FEC8FE8D1A68" box="[160,295,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Antirrhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.) in California. It has been recorded from other western states including Nevada (
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FDDAFEC8FA971A68" author="Raski" box="[1212,1341,325,349]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Raski, D. J. (1952) On the morphology of Criconemoides Taylor 1936, with descriptions of six new species. Proceedings of Helminthological Society of Washington, 19, 85 - 99." type="journal article" year="1952">Raski 1952</bibRefCitation>
), as well as from New York, New
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174F8D1FEE5FE561AB5" box="[439,508,360,384]" name="Jersey" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Jersey</collectingCountry>
, NC and Maryland (
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FB83FEEAFCC71A4A" author="Loof" box="[741,877,359,383]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Loof, P. A. A. (1974 a) Macroposthonia curvata. Commonwealth Institute of Helminthology Descriptions of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes, set 4, no. 58. St. Albans, England: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux." type="journal volume" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">Loof 1974a</bibRefCitation>
). It has also been reported from Europe, in
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FC3BFEEAFA311A4A" box="[1373,1435,359,383]" name="Spain" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Spain</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174F9F8FE07FECE1A97" author="Alcala" box="[158,356,394,419]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Alcala J. V., Tobar-Jimenez, A. &amp; Munoz Medina, J. M. (1970) Lesions and reactions caused by some nematodes in the roots of certain plants. Revista Iberica de Parasitologia, 30, 547 - 566." type="journal article" year="1970">
Alcala
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174F98BFE01FEB61A96" box="[237,284,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 1970
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174F809FE07FD7E1A97" author="Castillo" box="[367,724,394,418]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Castillo, P. &amp; Gomez-Barcina, A. (1993) Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with tropical and subtropical crops in southern Spain. Nematologia Mediterranea, 21, 45 - 47." type="journal article" year="1993">Castillo &amp; Gomez-Barcina 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FBB9FE06FC0C1A97" author="Escuer" box="[735,934,394,419]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Escuer, M., Lara, M. P. &amp; Bello, A. (1999) Distribution of the Criconematidae in Peninsular Spain and Balearic Islands. International Journal of Nematology, 9, 47 - 67." type="journal article" year="1999">
Escuer
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174FA56FE01FCF51A96" box="[816,863,395,419]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 1999
</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FADFFE07FBC21A97" box="[953,1128,394,418]" name="Netherlands" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FD14FE07FB791A97" box="[1138,1235,394,418]" name="Belgium" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Belgium</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FDB8FE07FAEF1A97" box="[1246,1349,394,418]" name="Germany" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FC29FE07FA361A97" box="[1359,1436,394,418]" name="Poland" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Poland</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174F9AFFE23FEBE1AF0" box="[201,276,430,453]" name="France" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">France</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174F843FE20FE041AF0" author="Loof" box="[293,430,429,453]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Loof, P. A. A. (1974 a) Macroposthonia curvata. Commonwealth Institute of Helminthology Descriptions of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes, set 4, no. 58. St. Albans, England: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux." type="journal volume" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">Loof 1974a</bibRefCitation>
); from Asia, in
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FB01FE20FD351AF0" box="[615,671,429,453]" name="India" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">India</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FBD7FE20FC6D1AF0" author="De" box="[689,967,429,453]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="De Grisse, A. &amp; Loof, P. A. A. (1970) Intraspecific variation in some Criconematidae (Nematoda). Meded. Fak. LandbWet. Gent, 35, 41 - 63." type="journal article" year="1970">De Grisse &amp; Loof 1970</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FAB8FE20FB951AF0" box="[990,1087,429,453]" name="Thailand" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FD37FE20FB731AF0" author="Timm" box="[1105,1241,429,453]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Timm, R. W. (1965) A preliminary survey of the plant parasitic nematodes of Thailand and Philippines. In: Report for the South-East Asia Treaty Organization Secretariat-General. Bangkok, Thailand: Thai Sambhand Printing Press, 71 pp." type="book" year="1965">Timm 1965</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FD96FE23FA991AF0" box="[1264,1331,430,453]" name="South Korea" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Korea</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FC23FE20FE861AD2" author="Choi" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Choi Y. E. &amp; Geraert, E. (1975) Criconematids from Korea with the description of eight new species (Nematoda: Tylenchida). Nematologica, 21, 35 - 52." type="journal article" year="1975">Choi &amp; Geraert 1975</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174F825FE5DFEC51AD2" box="[323,367,464,487]" name="Iran" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Iran</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174F819FE42FD391AD2" author="Jabbari" box="[383,659,463,487]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Jabbari, H. &amp; Niknam, G. R. (2007) Identification of some criconematids from Tabriz area, morphometrical comparison of different populations and their grouping using cluster analysis. Agricultural Science (Tabriz), 17, 143 - 160." type="journal article" year="2007">Jabbari &amp; Niknam 2007</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FBB3FE42FC9B1AD2" box="[725,817,463,487]" name="Pakistan" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FA25FE42FBAC1AD2" author="Khan" box="[835,1030,463,488]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Khan, A., Shaukat, S. S. &amp; Sayed, M. (2011) Control of nematodes associated with almond using oil-cakes in Balochistan. Pakistan Journal of Nematology, 29, 171 - 177." type="journal article" year="2011">
Khan
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174FAECFE5CFC161ADD" box="[906,956,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 2011
</bibRefCitation>
); and from Africa, in
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FC67FE42FAF91AD2" box="[1281,1363,463,487]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Guinea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FC06FE5DFF7C193F" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174F9B8FE7FFE9F193F" box="[222,309,498,522]" name="Senegal" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Senegal</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174F80AFE7EFE0E193E" box="[364,420,499,523]" name="Togo" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Togo</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174F8D2FE7FFD8A193F" author="Luc" box="[436,544,498,522]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Luc, M. (1959) Nouveaux Criconematidae de la zone intertropicale (Nematoda: Tylenchida). Nematologica, 4, 16 - 22." type="journal article" year="1959">Luc 1959</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FB48FE7FFDCC193F" author="Luc" box="[558,614,498,522]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Luc, M. (1970) Contribution l'etude du genre Criconemoides Taylor, 1936 (Nematoda: Criconematidae). Cahiers ORSTOM, Serie Biologie, 11, 60 - 131." type="journal article" year="1970">1970</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="44CA765B80078174FBC0FE7FFCAE193F" box="[678,772,498,522]" name="Namibia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Namibia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FA72FE7FFC74193F" author="Waele" box="[788,990,498,523]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Waele, D. de, McDonald, A. H., Jordaan, E. M., Orion, D., Van den Berg, E. &amp; Loots, G. C. (1998) Plant-parasitic nematodes associated with maize and pearl millet in Namibia. African Plant Protection, 4, 113 - 117." type="journal article" year="1998">
Waele
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174FA05FE79FC39193E" box="[867,915,499,523]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. 1998
</bibRefCitation>
). In this study,
<taxonomicName id="FBDD4D4880078174FDEFFE79FABC193E" box="[1161,1302,500,523]" class="Secernentea" family="Criconematidae" genus="Mesocriconema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvatum">
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174FDEFFE79FABC193E" box="[1161,1302,500,523]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. curvatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurred in nine turfgrass samples taken in six counties in NC and SC. It was found in creeping bentgrass putting greens in both states and in bermudagrass and zoysiagrass fairways and tees in NC. The morphology and morphometrics of the identified populations did not differ from previously described populations (
<bibRefCitation id="584C4B3A80078174FA84FDD7FBC21947" author="Loof" box="[994,1128,602,626]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refString="Loof, P. A. A. (1974 a) Macroposthonia curvata. Commonwealth Institute of Helminthology Descriptions of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes, set 4, no. 58. St. Albans, England: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux." type="journal volume" year="1974" yearSuffix="a">Loof 1974a</bibRefCitation>
), except for a smaller stylet and a greater Rex in females. This is the first record of
<taxonomicName id="FBDD4D4880078174FB97FDF3FCD619A0" box="[753,892,638,661]" class="Secernentea" family="Criconematidae" genus="Mesocriconema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tylenchida" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="curvatum">
<emphasis id="0EA9EAD980078174FB97FDF3FCD619A0" box="[753,892,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. curvatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from turfgrasses in SC.
</paragraph>
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