325 lines
26 KiB
XML
325 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c1bdc338-0b7e-42b2-92d6-b6ba8a0be2cb" ID-PMC="PMC8163715" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1039-139" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CE0AE9A0941A5036BDBBB43C3C4B2B4A" ID-PubMed="34113206" ID-ZooBank="F2F861A533DF4B61827DEB71AB97E97F" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1039-139" checkinTime="1621628215386" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Grosse, Mael, Capa, Maria & Bakken, Torkild" docDate="2021" docId="4C9F419213CB550E95533850B16DA430" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1039: 139-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1039" docPubDate="2021-05-21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098" docTitle="Chaetozone Grosse & Capa & Bakken 2021, sp. 2 and sp. 4" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="CE0AE9A0941A5036BDBBB43C3C4B2B4A" lastPageNumber="139" masterDocId="CE0AE9A0941A5036BDBBB43C3C4B2B4A" masterDocTitle="Describing the hidden species diversity of Chaetozone (Annelida, Cirratulidae) in the Norwegian Sea using morphological and molecular diagnostics" masterLastPageNumber="176" masterPageNumber="139" pageNumber="139" updateTime="1668152761992" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Describing the hidden species diversity of Chaetozone (Annelida, Cirratulidae) in the Norwegian Sea using morphological and molecular diagnostics</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Grosse, Mael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-1376</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>University of the Balearic Island, Department of Biology, Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, Balearic Islands, Spain & Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU University Museum, Trondheim, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">maelgrosse@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Capa, Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-7961</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>University of the Balearic Island, Department of Biology, Ctra. Valldemossa km 7.5, Balearic Islands, Spain & Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU University Museum, Trondheim, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bakken, Torkild</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5188-7305</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU University Museum, Trondheim, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-05-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1039</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>139</mods:start>
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<mods:end>176</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1039-139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F2F861A533DF4B61827DEB71AB97E97F</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">CE0AE9A0941A5036BDBBB43C3C4B2B4A</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="systematic account">
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182256067" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4C9F419213CB550E95533850B16DA430" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C9F419213CB550E95533850B16DA430" lastPageNumber="139" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName LSID="4C9F4192-13CB-550E-9553-3850B16DA430" authority="Grosse & Capa & Bakken, 2021" authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status=" sp. 2 and sp. 4">Chaetozone</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="139">sp. 2 and sp. 4</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Chaetozone sp. 4. A ZMBN 125798, SEM of anterior end in dorsal view B ZMBN 125776, SEM of posterior spines C ZMBN 125798, SEM of peristomium epidermis D ZMBN 125798, SEM of ciliated organ E ZMBN 125776, SEM of neuropodial spine. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; cO, ciliated organ; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546242" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Figures 14</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName authority="Grosse & Capa & Bakken, 2021" authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status=" sp. 2 and sp. 4">Chaetozone</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106852" author="Grosse, M" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" refId="B26" refString="Grosse, M, Bakken, T, Nygren, A, Kongsrud, JA, Capa, M, 2020. Species delimitation analyses of NE Atlantic Chaetozone reveals hidden diversity among a common and abundant marine annelid. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 149: e106852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106852" title="Species delimitation analyses of NE Atlantic Chaetozone reveals hidden diversity among a common and abundant marine annelid. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 149: e 106852." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106852" year="2020">Grosse et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 4.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName authority="Grosse & Capa & Bakken, 2021" authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status=" sp. 2 and sp. 4">Chaetozone</taxonomicName>
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sp. 4
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106852" author="Grosse, M" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" refId="B26" refString="Grosse, M, Bakken, T, Nygren, A, Kongsrud, JA, Capa, M, 2020. Species delimitation analyses of NE Atlantic Chaetozone reveals hidden diversity among a common and abundant marine annelid. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 149: e106852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106852" title="Species delimitation analyses of NE Atlantic Chaetozone reveals hidden diversity among a common and abundant marine annelid. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 149: e 106852." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106852" year="2020">Grosse et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 4.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2: Norwegian Sea • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="61.42736" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="61.42736">61.42736°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7.47479" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="7.47479">7.47479°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2012-11-18">18 Nov. 2012</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.32" unit="m" value="332.0">332 m</quantity>
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; ZMBN125800 • 1;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="62.48183" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="62.48183">62.48183°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.46550" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="4.4655">4.46550°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2012-03-10">10 Mar. 2012</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" unit="m" value="211.0">211 m</quantity>
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; ZMBN125823 • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="61.0501" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="61.0501">61.0501°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.40055" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.40055">5.40055°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2017-05-03">03 May 2017</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.236" unit="m" value="1236.0">1236 m</quantity>
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; ZMBN117820 • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="62.482" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="62.482">62.482°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="4.466" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="4.466">4.466°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2012-10-03">03 Oct. 2012</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13" unit="m" value="213.0">213 m</quantity>
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ZMBN94537 • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="61.11299" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="61.11299">61.11299°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.14124" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.14124">5.14124°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2012-07-22">22 Jul. 2012</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.54" unit="m" value="354.0">354 m</quantity>
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; NTNU-VM74503.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 4: Norwegian Sea • 3 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="61.42736" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="61.42736">61.42736°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7.47479" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="7.47479">7.47479°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2012-11-18">18 Nov. 2012</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.32" unit="m" value="332.0">332 m</quantity>
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; ZMBN125796-125798 • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="61.21307" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="61.21307">61.21307°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.03809" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.03809">5.03809°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2015-07-14">14 Jul. 2015</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.79" unit="m" value="379.0">379 m</quantity>
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; ZMBN125776 • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="64.804" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="64.804">64.804°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="10.111" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="10.111">10.111°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2013-10-08">08 Oct. 2013</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.78" unit="m" value="378.0">378 m</quantity>
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; ZMBN94483 • 1 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="62.06827" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="62.06827">62.06827°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.03811" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.03811">5.03811°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2012-07-20">20 Jul. 2012</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.34" unit="m" value="334.0">334 m</quantity>
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; ZMBN125781 • 2 ind.;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="61.11299" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="61.11299">61.11299°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="5.14124" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.14124">5.14124°E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="2012-07-22">22 Jul. 2012</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="m" value="360.0">360 m</quantity>
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; NTNU-VM74500, 74507.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Comparative material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chambers & Woodham" authorityYear="2003" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone jubata" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jubata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone jubata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
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: Faroe-Shetland channel • 2 ind.; 61.5.57°N,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="2.4093" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-2.4093">2.4093°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date value="1996-07">Jul. 1996</date>
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;
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" unit="m" value="710.0">710 m</quantity>
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; NMSZ.1999.237.4-5.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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Prostomium fused with peristomium, giving the head a drop-like appearance; dorsal tentacles arising from segment 1 (achaetous), first pair of branchiae arising from segment 2 (achaetous); ventral groove; long capillary chaetae on expanded anterior, numerous long, broad flat spines on high complete cinctures (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Chaetozone sp. 4. A ZMBN 125798, SEM of anterior end in dorsal view B ZMBN 125776, SEM of posterior spines C ZMBN 125798, SEM of peristomium epidermis D ZMBN 125798, SEM of ciliated organ E ZMBN 125776, SEM of neuropodial spine. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; cO, ciliated organ; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546242" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">14</figureCitation>
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). No particular methylene blue staining pattern.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546242" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" start="Figure 14" startId="F14">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Figure 14.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 4.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">A</emphasis>
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ZMBN125798, SEM of anterior end in dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">B</emphasis>
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ZMBN125776, SEM of posterior spines
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C</emphasis>
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ZMBN125798, SEM of peristomium epidermis
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">D</emphasis>
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ZMBN125798, SEM of ciliated organ
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">E</emphasis>
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ZMBN125776, SEM of neuropodial spine. Abbreviations: br, branchiae; Ch, chaetiger; cO, ciliated organ; dT, dorsal tentacles; nuO, nuchal organ; per, peristomium; pr, prostomium; Seg, segment.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="molecular diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Molecular diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2: COI: 130: G; 173: A; 202: T; 244: C; 293: C; 295: T; 309: G; 310: C; 395: G; 434: G; 454: T; 460: G; 470: G; 471: T; 477: C; 490: C; 302-303: AC; 564-565: CG. 28S: 408: A; 415: C; 416: A; 445: A; 571: C; 454-455: AG; 460-461: TC; 691-692: AA; 704-705: TC. (based on 8 COI sequences and 4 28S sequences)
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 4: COI: 122: T; 487: G; 574: G (based on 10 COI sequences).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
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These considerably distinct molecular lineages but morphologically identical species,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. 2 and
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|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. 4, are morphologically similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. monteverdii" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. monteverdii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. It is clear from the molecular analyses that they are different species from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. monteverdii" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. monteverdii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. Moreover, they are distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. monteverdii" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. monteverdii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. by having smooth long chaetae instead of segmented long chaetae, and a ventral groove instead of a ridge. Nevertheless, while none of the specimens of these two species examined present enlarged first segments, the condition present in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
spp. 2 and 4 could fit within the intra-specific variation documented in
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. monteverdii" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="monteverdii">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. monteverdii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. The prostomium and peristomium in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. 4 may also appear more distinctly separated than in the other species (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Chaetozone monteverdii sp. nov., Holotype ZMBN 98250 in lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1039.61098.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/546237" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">9</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
spp. 2 and 4 resemble
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jubata" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. jubata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. However, they differ in the relative position of the paired tentacles and first pair of branchiae. It will be necessary to examine more specimens of each species, including of
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jubata" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. jubata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, to investigate the intra-specific diversity in each group before confirming that neither
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. 2 nor
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. 4 are
|
|
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. jubata" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" rank="species" species="jubata">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">C. jubata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">
|
|
The COI distance between
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. 2 and
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. 4 is 26% (Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. COI p-distances between and within Norwegian Chaetozone species. The number of base differences per site from averaging over all sequence pairs within each group are shown. Species described and discussed in this paper are denoted with an " ° "." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2F53ECA24C510685DFC059FF9116B1D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" tableUuid="2F53ECA24C510685DFC059FF9116B1D4">2</tableCitation>
|
|
). COI distances with other species in the area generally varies between 22% and 27%, with minimum at 9% between
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. 4 and
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Grosse & Capa & Bakken" authorityYear="2021" class="Polychaeta" family="Cirratulidae" genus="Chaetozone" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chaetozone quinta" order="Terebellida" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="quinta">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Chaetozone quinta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. (Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. COI p-distances between and within Norwegian Chaetozone species. The number of base differences per site from averaging over all sequence pairs within each group are shown. Species described and discussed in this paper are denoted with an " ° "." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2F53ECA24C510685DFC059FF9116B1D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="139" tableUuid="2F53ECA24C510685DFC059FF9116B1D4">2</tableCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="139" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="139">Norwegian coast and shelf, offshore and in the fjords, where they occupy a wide range of depths from ~ 200 m to 1200 m depth.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</subSection>
|
|
</document> |