269 lines
39 KiB
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269 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="22483" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.47742" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9223ceda-3eb6-4d4d-91a1-a08d3dc443d7" ID-PMC="PMC7200893" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-930-37" ID-Pensoft-UUID="255C174A2BB75F5B8259DCBB698296D2" ID-PubMed="32390747" ID-ZooBank="FABF3E569A1544CD9A5072DCF25AF87D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-930-37" checkinTime="1588165340049" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Semenyuk, Irina, Golovatch, Sergei I. & Wesener, Thomas" docDate="2020" docId="461037CEAC1A5D909D241759F9FAA7C7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 930: 37-60" docOrigin="ZooKeys 930" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.47742" docTitle="Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="F68EE25F-CEF3-4816-B94C-D5050AE5B5C5" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" id="255C174A2BB75F5B8259DCBB698296D2" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="255C174A2BB75F5B8259DCBB698296D2" masterDocTitle="Some new or poorly-known Zephroniidae (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida) from Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1732754218732" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="A65AD5C18D9D0EA92354E58C5CC0F8B4" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="86E58A2067D033EB38DAE3CA241D9801">
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<mods:title id="B269C2418D4C2484528D08A5E368427B">Some new or poorly-known Zephroniidae (Diplopoda, Sphaerotheriida) from Vietnam</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B18D253AB4E647617A1320F555E36523" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="EF94146382670F85B54F343209C62105">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3AACAF821B51A93D0A2200355AED99B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7A8F40ECE4AA5DF1591380A01BFE84ED">Semenyuk, Irina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B69BB7D5B344C6EA491702DB0DA8FF45">A. N. Severtsov Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia & Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Center, Street 3 Thang 2, 3, Q 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B8DA9657A64DD8AEB723BAC0D5E36F45" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="33F4A52E1FCB98F325725B0E4B093BC6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C6327D916B202088482922EAD9C7598A">Golovatch, Sergei I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E898A60EB94734D777C221EF42C41B17">A. N. Severtsov Institute for Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow 119071, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="2938FA12C59486453EFEA916D20307AF" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C87F2986F30223671D3449D3D7A323A6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C0E5E4EB2B2B9B19AD1120AEF517D397">Wesener, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="71328A4F7CD8663BCC91277AD70CD52B">Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Leibniz Institute for Animal Biodiversity, Adenauerallee 160, D- 53113, Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B348B6B109EDD654AE71686727586843" type="email">twesener@uni-bonn.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0605A49BC37E6FC1871E0BD682E698A8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E043B4277BA18ED028D2670C870B5260">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="040F561895F19B784F52CFEB7E601335">
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<mods:date id="CCFAA624CB7BAA4925E8252861A96C41">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="44EEE1C9C8B690F86D8C5357AF499CE9" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5DFDF732E08210D2A831046DE8567CCB">930</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C97B7823020897FE744E818C0C859943">37</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6559EE041B59FFAFF0E842CD76E57BA2">60</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="338299CF6696974F0FC2372AF34DECD3">
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<mods:url id="1875FF6CE1BE636CD561CDC1993D9DCA">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.47742</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="B461BF228CC6340863C11EA88F4FFE98">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="42639F83376AF6E98625155A3365B2CB" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.930.47742</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F60A73DFACB082D3E33BCCD9B97ED6C5" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-930-37</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F752807964A1E71F86E149852FEF3D11" type="ZooBank">FABF3E569A1544CD9A5072DCF25AF87D</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="461037CEAC1A5D909D241759F9FAA7C7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163875345" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F68EE25F-CEF3-4816-B94C-D5050AE5B5C5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/461037CEAC1A5D909D241759F9FAA7C7" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" scope_class="Diplopoda" scope_order="Sphaerotheriida">
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<subSubSection id="A587498F9E0DEDCAF12DAFD6B5398488" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="48DA572E29DFE5787D8CEF5560658A3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="DD4A942EC84BAB77B6F6489C9A7A8459" LSID="461037CE-AC1A-5D90-9D24-1759F9FAA7C7" authority="Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener, 2020" authorityName="Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener" authorityYear="2020" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaeropoeus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis" order="Diplopoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="bidoupensis" status="sp. nov.">Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D8BD0165369C825359AA339D6B0DEC3C" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="0F69BE6510E482A147EAE01CF25F22A7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Live Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov. (A-E) and Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov. (F-H) in the field A enrolled male (left) and female (right) B adult, ventral view C adult and its excrements in a " living room " in leaf litter D early instar juvenile enrolled in its " living room ", with surrounding dead leaves eaten and excrement used to shape the room E enrolled middle-sized instar juvenile F-H adult, enrolled and walking, respectively. Pictures taken not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404783" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Figs 2A-E</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="580C5529F3DEE57A3BA652064CAC44D3" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Endoterga of midbody segments, SEM micrographs. A Sphaerobelum bicorne Attems, 1938, ♂ (ZFMK) B Sphaerobelum pumatense sp. nov., ♂ holotype C Sphaeropoeus maculatus (Verhoeff, 1924), ♂ lectotype D Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype E Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404784" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">, 3D</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="15706934DB66B0201CCFC9A1DDBBA5C4" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tergal surface of midbody segments, SEM micrographs. A Sphaerobelum bicorne Attems, 1938, ♂ (ZFMK) B Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404785" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">, 4B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="5F8DA7C27974000E49ED14D2F5A7AEF8" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-H) and ♀ paratype (I). A, B Left posterior telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively C-F left anterior telopod, posterior, sublateral, lateral and anterior views, respectively G left leg 9, anterior view H left antenna I left coxa and prefemur 2 with vulva, posterior view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm, D drawn not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404790" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">, 9</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C62EE548A6F771ED37DF472714F02707" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="C59D1363F15FFA96973CD8781101A974" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9507C8E1A7685654212BA367D2D34C92" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="6CB4EEB0C7F2CDC5C7DC6A2C2DA68171" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Holotype</emphasis>
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♂ (ZMUM Rd 4646), Vietnam, Lam Dong Prov., Bidoup Nui Ba National Park,
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<geoCoordinate id="6A8286C6292B65E0DB75804D3D39751E" degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="12.166667">12°10'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="04E0CB8C5D8A308284AD2F1CD700C541" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="108.683334">108°41'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1500 m a.s.l., mixed tropical forest on hills, in leaf litter, daytime, VI.2018, I.I. Semenyuk leg.
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<emphasis id="7DE5D3A62A2B3AD65F7F1847BABD7670" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Paratypes</emphasis>
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1 ♂, 2 ♀ (ZMUM Rd 4634), 1 ♂ (ZFMK MYR8944), 1 ♀ (ZFMK MYR8859), same data as holotype.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="175F4D472348DD6020C2080A30FE6C68" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="2595192FE0DDADA7ACC826817CDF0C0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C49FFFE5F4E6B5BEB75688933C214312" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="97F4A75EF6274D13D5494BA560C9FB53" authorityName="Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaeropoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidoupensis">
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<emphasis id="5E3BA68536DBA20AD8B986B72E21E0E7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. differs from almost all other known continental species of the genus in the anterior telopod showing a very short, almost completely reduced telopoditomere 4, a character only shared with
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<taxonomicName id="818701CAF16AC6D07449EB45BFC5F033" lsidName="S. honbaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="honbaensis">
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<emphasis id="84BC3B2CE46A034447B510134A9ACD13" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">S. honbaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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<taxonomicName id="5047247D059878C8E283CC5E2B75129B" authorityName="Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaeropoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidoupensis">
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<emphasis id="735901199B0978258E3DBA5E2DD5A6ED" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. differs from
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<taxonomicName id="2F87FF07044B789574775FC614ECB1EC" lsidName="S. honbaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="honbaensis">
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<emphasis id="1556533CBBBE1739C425E9E7528B7D60" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">S. honbaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. in the presence of a spine in the inner area of the large telopoditomere 3 (vs. absent in
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<taxonomicName id="3549CAEE1C7B5E241FFD4FB13039C4E6" lsidName="S. honbaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="honbaensis">
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<emphasis id="50E401F17D46B9EC3FD83D657079D298" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">S. honbaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.), in the endotergum, where the distances between the cuticular impressions are slightly smaller than the diameter (vs. wider than diameter in
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<taxonomicName id="86B6630DE7D89BA226EBB2A9C4DE9629" lsidName="S. honbaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="honbaensis">
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<emphasis id="6569C1162923293656C183B0389BA94B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">S. honbaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.), the ♂ anal shield being well-rounded (weakly bell-shaped in
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<taxonomicName id="E5A64FE689161261BAB943881F3C7DC8" lsidName="S. honbaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="honbaensis">
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<emphasis id="92BFAB2649B4E746F6A91678125BFF04" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">S. honbaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.), and in leg structure, with leg-pair 3 having an apical spine (vs. absent in
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<taxonomicName id="272009055B4164C7191E1E75A30A27CC" lsidName="S. honbaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="honbaensis">
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<emphasis id="89775953493F1628981B1A0359C2336C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">S. honbaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.), the prefemur showing a dentate mesal margin (vs. smooth in
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<taxonomicName id="12DDEB52B20F8534A1B682D9FEC5E7C4" lsidName="S. honbaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="honbaensis">
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<emphasis id="241C10A1020DFB7109C421E59EABDC95" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">S. honbaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.), and the coxa process being weakly developed and partly sharp (vs. strongly developed and well-rounded in
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<taxonomicName id="2BC964722B3201EF64A21A5F00239949" lsidName="S. honbaensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="honbaensis">
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<emphasis id="E97183FDBF72A0EB94D6BABA64F48843" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">S. honbaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D7BAAB5B2FE5123BFA6D58E1E5B1EA37" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E185D31910AC8E0EAA2B44E889838D8D" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C727706220E410E2F829A509907302A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="88FBB0A094DE306E857802BCB901B6F1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Measurements</emphasis>
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: holotype ♂ ca. 24 mm long, 11.2 mm (2nd), up to 12.3 mm (7th) wide, 7.1 mm high (2nd the highest). Paratype ♀ (ZFMK): ca. 29 mm long, 13.5 mm (2nd), up to 14.3 mm (7th) wide, 7.7 mm (2nd) up to 9.1 mm in height (7th the highest). ZMUM paratypes 10 mm (♂), 11 mm (♀) or 13 mm wide (♀).
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<emphasis id="AAEA9C6E4C1B4760F364E98A286105E2" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Coloration</emphasis>
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: both in vivo and in vitro, after>1.5 years of preservation in ethanol, similar; in life, adults uniformly dark brown to blackish brown, juveniles lighter and showing vague or clear variegated tergal patterns (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="227E2E7D85DE6EE31F820191F0C8246D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Live Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov. (A-E) and Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov. (F-H) in the field A enrolled male (left) and female (right) B adult, ventral view C adult and its excrements in a " living room " in leaf litter D early instar juvenile enrolled in its " living room ", with surrounding dead leaves eaten and excrement used to shape the room E enrolled middle-sized instar juvenile F-H adult, enrolled and walking, respectively. Pictures taken not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404783" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">2C, D</figureCitation>
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), antennae in adults orange, legs in adults mostly dark or lighter olive-brown (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="4029EC9F16E64D48905C58C813136E9C" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Live Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov. (A-E) and Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov. (F-H) in the field A enrolled male (left) and female (right) B adult, ventral view C adult and its excrements in a " living room " in leaf litter D early instar juvenile enrolled in its " living room ", with surrounding dead leaves eaten and excrement used to shape the room E enrolled middle-sized instar juvenile F-H adult, enrolled and walking, respectively. Pictures taken not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404783" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">2B</figureCitation>
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); in alcohol, adults likewise uniformly dark brown to blackish brown, antennae orange, legs light grey-brown to olive-grey-brown with a little lighter tarsi. Tegument mostly dull to poorly shining (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="898AF65C6B133959F3CA4C87CCC7BB45" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Live Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov. (A-E) and Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov. (F-H) in the field A enrolled male (left) and female (right) B adult, ventral view C adult and its excrements in a " living room " in leaf litter D early instar juvenile enrolled in its " living room ", with surrounding dead leaves eaten and excrement used to shape the room E enrolled middle-sized instar juvenile F-H adult, enrolled and walking, respectively. Pictures taken not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404783" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">2A, B</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="EAA0198201881C19008E80E3A97FD602" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Head</emphasis>
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: eyes with ca. 65 ocelli. Antennae short (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="2F9505718AACF89C60DE149994AF4D17" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-H) and ♀ paratype (I). A, B Left posterior telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively C-F left anterior telopod, posterior, sublateral, lateral and anterior views, respectively G left leg 9, anterior view H left antenna I left coxa and prefemur 2 with vulva, posterior view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm, D drawn not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404790" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">9H</figureCitation>
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), protruding beyond centre of head. Antennomeres 1-5 with few longer setae, 6th densely pubescent. Antennomere 6 towards disc with a single row of sensilla basiconica. Antennomere 6 swollen in ♂, cylindrical in ♀, twice as long as, but only slightly wider than, antennomeres 1-5. ♂ with 36/40, ♀ with 17/24 apical cones. Palpi of gnathochilarium located in a single field.
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<emphasis id="7632E6EF346A9CFA03EB6A4621C0F2E9" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Collum</emphasis>
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||
: completely covered with long setae, like the tergites.
|
||
<emphasis id="3678E1E14B8A3F5C4EC0A9DF346FCEF5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Thoracic shield</emphasis>
|
||
: with wide and shallow grooves, 3 or 4 weak crests present at posterior corner.
|
||
<emphasis id="366FF8B24E8D55BC8D01575306C89FBD" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Tergites</emphasis>
|
||
: surface covered with longer setae, most innervating in small pits (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="49A62CD048E31CCD2D939BA973E53387" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Tergal surface of midbody segments, SEM micrographs. A Sphaerobelum bicorne Attems, 1938, ♂ (ZFMK) B Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404785" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">4B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paratergite tips of midbody tergites projecting posteriorly (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4108DAC4AC4B7846AC0C6110994DAAD6" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Live Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov. (A-E) and Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov. (F-H) in the field A enrolled male (left) and female (right) B adult, ventral view C adult and its excrements in a " living room " in leaf litter D early instar juvenile enrolled in its " living room ", with surrounding dead leaves eaten and excrement used to shape the room E enrolled middle-sized instar juvenile F-H adult, enrolled and walking, respectively. Pictures taken not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404783" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="1B09240276CE2B7AED992551AA4010FD" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Anal shield</emphasis>
|
||
: well-rounded. In both sexes completely covered with longer setae. Locking carina long, 2
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B0947810B3471B491A852E4DCA3ED54E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as width of last laterotergite, located close to margin.
|
||
<emphasis id="CC8EE198BA0C50124736518D385BBF56" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Endotergum</emphasis>
|
||
: inner section lacking any spines or setae. Middle area with a single row of large, sparse, elliptical, cuticular impressions. Distance between impressions shorter than their diameter. Apically, two rows of long marginal bristles, tips of longest setae clearly protruding beyond tergal margin (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="278D6D6FC9BE415A5734CCF9C4DFADB5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Endoterga of midbody segments, SEM micrographs. A Sphaerobelum bicorne Attems, 1938, ♂ (ZFMK) B Sphaerobelum pumatense sp. nov., ♂ holotype C Sphaeropoeus maculatus (Verhoeff, 1924), ♂ lectotype D Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype E Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404784" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bristles not smooth, but with numerous small spinicles.
|
||
<emphasis id="106B5B1B02B0B8D9A6F2379C944D6A44" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Stigmatic plates</emphasis>
|
||
: first well-rounded, triangular.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="66C6DAA759912E45761C46A3FEBEF476" genus="Laterotergites" lsidName="Laterotergites" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="9579661721ACC5B9E2E3ED08749CA152" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Laterotergites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: first with a slightly projecting, well-rounded process.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6A3DA5A4CE3D4DF470E7E9E7E381AE41" genus="Laterotergites" lsidName="Laterotergites" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" rank="genus">Laterotergites</taxonomicName>
|
||
2 and following not extended, well-rounded.
|
||
<emphasis id="CBECE43E1DD41024FB38BD911FDA990A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: first with 2 or 3, second with 5 (one of them basal), third with 8 ventral and an apical spine. Leg-pairs 4-21 each with 12-14 ventral spines and a single apical spine. Coxa process visible, partly sharp (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="01C13168418A30521E216976DD3E894E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-H) and ♀ paratype (I). A, B Left posterior telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively C-F left anterior telopod, posterior, sublateral, lateral and anterior views, respectively G left leg 9, anterior view H left antenna I left coxa and prefemur 2 with vulva, posterior view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm, D drawn not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404790" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">9G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Femur 1.5, tarsus 4.7 times longer than wide. Femur with a very long ridge (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="9307AC163F5329E77FB3DCE6AE38C2DE" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-H) and ♀ paratype (I). A, B Left posterior telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively C-F left anterior telopod, posterior, sublateral, lateral and anterior views, respectively G left leg 9, anterior view H left antenna I left coxa and prefemur 2 with vulva, posterior view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm, D drawn not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404790" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">9G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Mesal margin of femur completely extended into 12-14 teeth, prefemur at mesal margin with 5-8 teeth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="766B75A6642036C2029CA9E6600377BB" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-H) and ♀ paratype (I). A, B Left posterior telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively C-F left anterior telopod, posterior, sublateral, lateral and anterior views, respectively G left leg 9, anterior view H left antenna I left coxa and prefemur 2 with vulva, posterior view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm, D drawn not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404790" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">9G</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="0CE0196774894EA19FE968A4EB5419D5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Female sexual characters</emphasis>
|
||
: vulva large, covering 2/3 coxa, a conspicuous operculum extending above basal half of prefemur (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B889CD86664A5BB63C92C54203F06C52" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-H) and ♀ paratype (I). A, B Left posterior telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively C-F left anterior telopod, posterior, sublateral, lateral and anterior views, respectively G left leg 9, anterior view H left antenna I left coxa and prefemur 2 with vulva, posterior view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm, D drawn not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404790" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">9I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Operculum massive, larger than bursa, wider than prefemur, apically rounded.
|
||
<emphasis id="E9E6A018105A929F4A69A567CDBB5927" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Subanal plate</emphasis>
|
||
: large and wide, triangular.
|
||
<emphasis id="BFA7CDA916D24CE394188414614F1CF5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Male gonopore</emphasis>
|
||
: opening covered with a single, apically membranous plate.
|
||
<emphasis id="F9D300DF8B3AA79CAF70FE575A5D729C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Anterior telopod</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4DE35222D1DE1AE325EC94F6DBC07260" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-H) and ♀ paratype (I). A, B Left posterior telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively C-F left anterior telopod, posterior, sublateral, lateral and anterior views, respectively G left leg 9, anterior view H left antenna I left coxa and prefemur 2 with vulva, posterior view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm, D drawn not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404790" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">9C-F</figureCitation>
|
||
): four podomeres, first three of equal length regardless of the processes, podomere 4 rudimentary, conical. Telopoditomere 2 with a strong, curved process overreaching telopoditomere 4. Telopoditomere 3 posteriorly with a longer process juxtaposed to apex process of telopoditomere 2, clearly protruding above telopoditomere 4, as well as both process of telopoditomere 2 and a large spine in the central area. Telopoditomere 4 conical, with a single spine.
|
||
<emphasis id="DC8823633813CB5FBFAD12C0BB924164" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Posterior telopod</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="08E528CA3645BBB468E098648F91991C" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov., ♂ holotype (A-H) and ♀ paratype (I). A, B Left posterior telopod, posterior and anterior views, respectively C-F left anterior telopod, posterior, sublateral, lateral and anterior views, respectively G left leg 9, anterior view H left antenna I left coxa and prefemur 2 with vulva, posterior view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm, D drawn not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404790" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">9A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
): podomeres 3 and 4 slightly longer than process of podomere 2. Podomere 4 short, conical, with two spines, slightly curved towards immovable finger. Podomere 3 slender, 3.6 times longer than wide. Its excavate inner margin with a membranous lobe and a single spine, posterior face with ca. 10 small crenulated teeth. Immovable finger slender, apically tapering, tip curved towards movable finger. Membranous area apically with a large, bifid, membranous lobe. Podomeres 1-3 in anterior and posterior views with few setae. Podomere 4 in both aspects glabrous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F1D14A9215A61128374BAA3C0220723D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404791" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
|
||
<paragraph id="A61D45FCF2EEBAF114EC4EA1DCA8511B" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="1B8A3D8540405B541A197C58B70F1406" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus photograph of the lectotype (HNHM 2858/1) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5D7E911D0DAF0D884E06AC5FF38FED0F" baseAuthorityName="Verhoeff" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaeropoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeropoeus maculatus" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BF5F7E56C5E1699B377808F420A2AD10" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaeropoeus maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Verhoeff, 1924), lateral view, and a distribution map of all other relevant zephroniid species in Vietnam.
|
||
<emphasis id="8050ECC42997CEB3921A0FEBFF2D56FA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5AD29A453CFD5CAA0CC98451A65A2257" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1938" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerobelum bicorne" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicorne">
|
||
<emphasis id="A189D2F43FFE29F3C6D1E6212F1F6E77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaerobelum bicorne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Attems, 1938 (new record)
|
||
<emphasis id="935E899633FD6BFC0AE9AF3BEE59F02C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EEA7F7263F11261C8C27685920038399" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1938" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerobelum bicorne" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicorne">
|
||
<emphasis id="51C4C397A2339FB58207C99093650342" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaerobelum bicorne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Attems, 1938 (old record)
|
||
<emphasis id="E1B886F1BDC80D783F9E9E1984107AC3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2C58B7631BA7D2BE6A65C86B98761C1E" authorityName="Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerobelum pumatense" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pumatense">
|
||
<emphasis id="AFBF305BD03DCAFF26E11142AC7EBC86" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaerobelum pumatense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis id="DA578B3959C096757FB78625FCFAAE1C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8572E3D8FE99F7F12E87D3E5F22882C0" authorityName="Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Attems" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaeropoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeropoeus manca" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manca">
|
||
<emphasis id="176A758C4338AEB6BC3D85A44CEC7BF4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaeropoeus manca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Attems, 1936)
|
||
<emphasis id="46F6A5D86A9834608200DCB56DE44C5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">E</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="78220C65CF965CD02CCE7D064ED17C57" baseAuthorityName="Verhoeff" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaeropoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeropoeus maculatus" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F3F6AFE7941FF65798DE2AC28E99A26C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaeropoeus maculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Verhoeff, 1924)
|
||
<emphasis id="6C1C8962A43DB4DDFD5FFDCB1E9311E4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69BB4746193D999EA034DBDD61D7C37C" authorityName="Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaeropoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeropoeus honbaensis" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="honbaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E070C24497BD50C0E98D2816EA67650F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaeropoeus honbaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis id="52808B49D3AAD54E512A7C5525CB2E00" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">G</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E9FBCBA11EBA124D2526E143E829A28F" authorityName="Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaeropoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidoupensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="41382E0E180BCEA0BD795B6533F5DF77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="DA138B893629D354491B5D1DF40B24D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E8011903E71B1E5F6A24C85B8E56392F" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C9DA820F7750C03F93F14FEA698FB45A" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">To emphasize the provenance from the Bidoup Nui Ba National Park, adjective.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B123BE4C7C82AF23865D241BA1A7713A" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="0F7C8B8FBCCBBA6A92176941B286E1A5" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD5BCFBE7929B13FF2FF2F280EC59966" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
|
||
This new species was very abundant in the Park area and could be found almost throughout the year. In January, juveniles lived under logs, but no adults were recorded. The daytime temperature above the leaf litter averaged 17 °C, dropping down to 14 °C (minimum 12.5 °C) at night; rains were quite abundant. In June, juveniles colonized decaying wood, leaf litter, suspended soils in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="47129F30E78EBAA1339CFEA28BC60EB4" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplenium" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A228AC1E9FFDD2A80A41BBE04AD17B9B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Asplenium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. ferns, and spaces under logs. Adults lived in leaf litter and the suspended soil of ferns, only occasionally and only males walking openly on the forest floor. Juveniles and some adults were often recorded hiding inside their "living chambers" (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="A4E0AAB40BD443FCCD938FB84ED2DBE0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Live Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis sp. nov. (A-E) and Sphaeropoeus honbaensis sp. nov. (F-H) in the field A enrolled male (left) and female (right) B adult, ventral view C adult and its excrements in a " living room " in leaf litter D early instar juvenile enrolled in its " living room ", with surrounding dead leaves eaten and excrement used to shape the room E enrolled middle-sized instar juvenile F-H adult, enrolled and walking, respectively. Pictures taken not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.930.47742.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/404783" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">2C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), just like those observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="878250BBEA48FC01F5532749E6E944DE" authorityName="Attems" authorityYear="1938" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaerobelum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaerobelum bicorne" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicorne">
|
||
<emphasis id="19ED4E95341D948C8EB6396C3A2865CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaerobelum bicorne</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above). The daytime temperature above the leaf litter averaged 20 °C, compared to 16.5 °C (minimum 14.9 °C) at night; rains were likewise quite abundant. In November, the millipedes were mainly hidden in leaf litter. The daytime temperature above the leaf litter averaged 22 °C, vs. 14.5 °C (minimum 11.2 °C) at night; rains were particularly heavy, as a typhoon came in.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5F0C83552B44BEE980804B109727CF91" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7DF432457D2E40FD4FF36CE90B3B5B78" authorityName="Semenyuk & Golovatch & Wesener" authorityYear="2020" class="Diplopoda" family="Zephroniidae" genus="Sphaeropoeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis" order="Sphaerotheriida" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidoupensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2928E1994DFD5FC4DB2C4315B3B79798" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Sphaeropoeus bidoupensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. seems only to occur in forests at about 1500 m a.s.l.. This was a riparian, very wet, broadleaved forest with abundant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="927F54AF48662C766547D0C8EC435CA0" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Aspleniaceae" genus="Asplenium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Asplenium" order="Polypodiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BFAAE9603F44AED5E8B4EA9C35FB9973" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="37">Asplenium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. ferns on tree trunks starting from the ground level and a thick leaf litter layer on the floor, as well as a forest with dominating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F4A9449D3F8C6FFFE24B0EE49607001C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees mixed with several coniferous species on slopes, the leaf litter layer being thick and to a significant proportion formed by coniferous needles. The species was not located in the adjacent mossy elfin forest up to 2000 m a.s.l. with a much cooler and wet weather.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |