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<mods:title id="8B56552026EFF376433B5BEA6BB751B3">Synopsis of the Castniidae (Lepidoptera) of Costa Rica</mods:title>
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<heading id="FC3381AE3241FFCBFF4B3C9CC68FF94F" bold="true" box="[151,486,1758,1784]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" reason="1">
<emphasis id="95B0EAD03241FFCBFF4B3C9CC68FF94F" bold="true" box="[151,486,1758,1784]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
V.
<taxonomicName id="60C44D413241FFCBFF6B3C9CC68FF94F" ID-CoL="92FWJ" authority="Miller, 1980" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1980" box="[183,486,1758,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Mirocastnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="95B0EAD03241FFCBFF6B3C9CC623F94F" bold="true" box="[183,330,1758,1784]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Mirocastnia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFE8D3C9CC68FF94F" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[337,486,1758,1784]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref27065" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1980) Studies in the Castniidae III. Mirocastnia. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 60, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1980">Miller, 1980</bibRefCitation>
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<paragraph id="A77B36C23241FFCAFF4B3D64C4FBFF4E" blockId="16.[151,1436,1830,2037]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,151,249]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">
A genus distributed in Central and South America (throughout the Andean region) that includes small species similar to some
<taxonomicName id="60C44D413241FFCBFE903D08C6BCF8D3" box="[332,469,1866,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hesperiidae</taxonomicName>
, including the tuft of “hairs” at the end of the abdomen (a peculiarity of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="60C44D413241FFCBFF4B3D2CC628F83F" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,321,1902,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pyrrhopyginae">Pyrrhopyginae</taxonomicName>
); as well as a wing pattern similar to skipper genera such as
<taxonomicName id="60C44D413241FFCBFC0D3D2CC38AF83F" authority="Hubner, 1823" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1823" box="[977,1251,1902,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Autochton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="95B0EAD03241FFCBFC0D3D2CC32DF83F" box="[977,1092,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Autochton</emphasis>
Hübner, 1823
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="60C44D413241FFCBFB313D2CC62CF81B" authority="Hubner, [1819]" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Hesperiidae" genus="Celaenorrhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="95B0EAD03241FFCBFB313D2CC2F5F83F" box="[1261,1436,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Celaenorrhinus</emphasis>
Hübner, [1819]
</taxonomicName>
and
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<emphasis id="95B0EAD03241FFCBFEA33DD0C6B9F81B" box="[383,464,1938,1964]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Paches</emphasis>
Godman &amp; Salvin, 1895
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFCDE3DD0C4E7F81B" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[770,910,1938,1964]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref27065" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1980) Studies in the Castniidae III. Mirocastnia. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 60, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1980">Miller 1980</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFC473DD0C4BFF81B" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[923,982,1938,1964]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" refId="ref27094" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1986) The Taxonomy, Phylogeny, and Zoogeography of the Neotropical Castniidae (Lepidoptera: Castnoidea: Castniidae), Ph. D. Thesis, University of Florida, Gainesville, 571 pp." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFC3F3DD0C3C7F81B" author="Vinciguerra, R." box="[995,1198,1938,1964]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" pagination="491 - 499" refId="ref28779" refString="Vinciguerra, R. (2008) Osservazioni su alcuni taxa dei generi: Corybantes Hubner, [1819], Athis Hubner, [1819], Zegara Oiticica, 1955, Mirocastnia Miller, 1980 e Insigniocastnia Miller, 2007 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae). SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia, 36 (144), 491 - 499." type="journal article" year="2008">Vinciguerra 2008</bibRefCitation>
). Three species were recognized until recently:
<taxonomicName id="60C44D413241FFCBFE1A3DF5C452F867" authority="(Lathy, 1923)" baseAuthorityName="Lathy" baseAuthorityYear="1923" box="[454,827,1974,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Mirocastnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canis">
<emphasis id="95B0EAD03241FFCBFE1A3DF5C5FAF867" box="[454,659,1975,2000]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">Mirocastnia canis</emphasis>
(Lathy, 1923)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="60C44D413241FFCBFC963DF5C387F867" authority="(Houlbert, 1917)" baseAuthorityName="Houlbert" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[842,1262,1974,2000]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Mirocastnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrrhopygoides">
<emphasis id="95B0EAD03241FFCBFC963DF5C348F867" box="[842,1057,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">M. pyrrhopygoides</emphasis>
(Houlbert, 1917)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="60C44D413241FFCBFAF33DF5C64DF843" authority="Miller, 1980" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Mirocastnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smalli">
<emphasis id="95B0EAD03241FFCBFAF33DF5C2F5F867" box="[1327,1436,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="167">M. smalli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFF4B3D98C64DF843" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[151,292,2010,2036]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref27065" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1980) Studies in the Castniidae III. Mirocastnia. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 60, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1980">Miller, 1980</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFEE83D98C6A9F843" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[308,448,2010,2036]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref27065" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1980) Studies in the Castniidae III. Mirocastnia. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 60, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="1980">Miller 1980</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFE103D98C56EF843" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[460,519,2010,2036]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" refId="ref27094" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1986) The Taxonomy, Phylogeny, and Zoogeography of the Neotropical Castniidae (Lepidoptera: Castnoidea: Castniidae), Ph. D. Thesis, University of Florida, Gainesville, 571 pp." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFDC83D98C526F842" author="Miller, J. Y." box="[532,591,2010,2037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" pagination="176 - 177" refId="ref27137" refString="Miller, J. Y. (1995) Castniidae. In: Heppner, J. B. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 2. Hyblaeoidea-Pyraloidea-Tortricoidea. Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera / Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida, pp. 133 - 137 + 176 - 177." type="book chapter" year="1995">1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFD813D99C582F842" author="Lamas, G." box="[605,747,2010,2037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" pagination="73 - 87" refId="ref26450" refString="Lamas, G. (1995) A critical review of J. Y. Miller´s checklist of the Neotropical Castniidae (Lepidoptera). Revista Peruana de Entomologia, 37, 73 - 87." type="journal article" year="1995">Lamas 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFD243D98C4A9F843" author="Vinciguerra, R." box="[760,960,2010,2036]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" pagination="491 - 499" refId="ref28779" refString="Vinciguerra, R. (2008) Osservazioni su alcuni taxa dei generi: Corybantes Hubner, [1819], Athis Hubner, [1819], Zegara Oiticica, 1955, Mirocastnia Miller, 1980 e Insigniocastnia Miller, 2007 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae). SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia, 36 (144), 491 - 499." type="journal article" year="2008">Vinciguerra 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333241FFCBFC123D99C3B2F843" author="Moraes, S. &amp; Duarte, M." box="[974,1243,2010,2037]" pageId="16" pageNumber="167" pagination="362 - 399" refId="ref27452" refString="Moraes, S. &amp; Duarte, M. (2014) Phylogeny of Neotropical Castniinae (Lepidoptera: Cossoidea: Castniidae): testing the hypothesis of the mimics as a monophyletic group and implications for the arrangement of the genera. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 170 (2), 362 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12102" type="journal article" year="2014">Moraes &amp; Duarte 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Little is known about the ecology of this genus, which is poorly represented in entomological collections. With more specimens available, the taxonomic status, however, has been changed recently and all of the above-mentioned taxa are now considered subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="60C44D413240FFCAFE693A9DC4E7FF4E" authority="(Gonzalez et al. 2024)" baseAuthorityName="Gonzalez" baseAuthorityYear="2024" box="[437,910,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Castniidae" genus="Mirocastnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyrrhopygoides">
<emphasis id="95B0EAD03240FFCAFE693A9DC5E0FF4E" box="[437,649,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">M. pyrrhopygoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C3554B333240FFCAFD443A9DC4EFFF4E" author="Gonzalez, J. M. &amp; Thony, H. &amp; Worthy, R." box="[664,902,223,249]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" pagination="240 - 254" refId="ref26141" refString="Gonzalez, J. M., Thony, H. &amp; Worthy, R. (2024) A review of the genus Mirocastnia J. Y. Miller 1980 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) with records of recently collected specimens. Zootaxa, 5418 (3), 240 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5418.3.3" type="journal article" year="2024">
González
<emphasis id="95B0EAD03240FFCAFCD63A9DC42BFF4E" box="[778,834,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">et al.</emphasis>
2024
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
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