plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/21/DD/D5/21DDD52DBD4F5409AE901B50F0236358.xml

247 lines
34 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-CLB-Dataset="8072" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c81147b7-467a-4477-a36e-76f3fd8358c7" ID-PMC="PMC7921074" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1019-93" ID-Pensoft-UUID="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" ID-PubMed="33688849" ID-ZooBank="740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1019-93" checkinTime="1614092297092" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Giron, Jennifer C. &amp; Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2021" docId="21DDD52DBD4F5409AE901B50F0236358" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1019: 93-140" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1019" docPubDate="2021-02-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881" docTitle="Tobochares atures Girón &amp; Short 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="EA1F3EA4-DD9D-4A07-8CB1-219E91CAD0AA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" id="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" lastPageNumber="93" masterDocId="68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1" masterDocTitle="Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short &amp; Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records" masterLastPageNumber="140" masterPageNumber="93" pageNumber="93" updateTime="1732683750272" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="068EE353C6AC46883C642D05879938D9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="0C9819B7D07194096759A4E79527BB1E">
<mods:title id="3B727C9ED88617DE5D182BE995E7920F">Review of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short &amp; Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae): new lineages, new species, and new records</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="389681909C38D096D5EECA09A5889460" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CD5B77F34C843AD2B7A46B2DF73EA158">
<mods:roleTerm id="CD47303DB4637BFDCE6E5849604397F8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C84CB9C829563EDAC412D363E36FEA13">Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1DED41C024B2FED2FFF3D5F13B0C525F" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EB7B39D2EB7D94DE13C79179195C6E7C">Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA &amp; Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9CEC519AD9E677743A1EBA7ABB764075" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9D0A79FFBE9B44D8350ED5F5755CE53E">
<mods:roleTerm id="BEE71DE63192DDA68CA6BA1A11812028">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7FD9F7FBF9038B98C5F13308391FB565">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2E7A717C5EA56EBCACBE448B9E0FEFF7">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="58604234CE75B1AC3367D2564A0119BB" type="email">aezshort@ku.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="9D861E1D3799D37DBD4F901F4A511E60">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="2DAC99616F11AC6EE1D9FB8FEACF0C80" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="C1120F9A4367B09BD703CA11D52CAA2C">
<mods:title id="D3654797077C5A30BBF6A4C0B603DC92">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="44BCC1071A2492DCED2745237B8934A7">
<mods:date id="49EF15D0573C6A9564E20570DD758CEC">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="C2C29CEB6E5767D9EC5FBF76A0A346B3" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="A195890BD24544038AB1657DF47E5F8F">2021-02-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="0D9E117B53FEF46A303018AC5B4149C2" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4DD9CFDF82BC7747163AA0C4C98D2CD4">1019</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="583861D49A4EF9B8AC5A114D0CEBF5B9" unit="page">
<mods:start id="15C489991FEE924D353F187E1435681B">93</mods:start>
<mods:end id="09A67D3A4D22F9EB670DEC6F680A34B4">140</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="0E5BCFE20F7863097BEA0B74FCABF2DC">
<mods:url id="4986655CB31ECD8020E90CA48A06BDA4">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="4C1C2BDE45A9FB7D9A988DE8C1B91F26">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="91E8EC9D5D8A7A4747DEE5260E52E6E7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="38975FDC3A0F07E864FC9A4A02268279" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1019-93</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D3D2D55F1EDCFCFB91CED8533F6D71AC" type="ZooBank">740EFFB93ADA4B2ABD23A839AAE71FB2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B9162E7F65444812279AF3AB6E927A06" type="Pensoft-UUID">68E025484FB95656A3666768A4D97EF1</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="21DDD52DBD4F5409AE901B50F0236358" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179905052" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EA1F3EA4-DD9D-4A07-8CB1-219E91CAD0AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/21DDD52DBD4F5409AE901B50F0236358" lastPageNumber="93" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
<subSubSection id="D8CD273D91AC77D8DBF166B9D9253DDA" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9807D94C9BFD434372A64BE14F794D5D" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="ADDDE3653EEFF535ABF7244DA4873F55" ID-CoL="8YBWQ" LSID="http://zoobank.org/EA1F3EA4-DD9D-4A07-8CB1-219E91CAD0AA" authority="Girón &amp; Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón &amp; Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares atures" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atures" status="sp. nov.">Tobochares atures</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="49D269948FE9C2BFCA20C91FEDFBBB0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation id="F8B86EEC2A296AC5CC46B0E2F2D0EE70" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figs 3B, G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FEAE3982CC080D9554B380EC7949B8D6" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 7D, F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="D2D6ACD0DAE7ADDB61F86FC8C20A10FC" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 11G</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C98130AACD10053B951DA075B8A925D7" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F26A1220F28EFB849C72473650A8387D" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tobochares habitat in Guyana and Venezuela A, B habitat for T. arawak, Guyana, upper Potaro River (collecting event GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela, rock outcrop by Rio Cuchivero, (collecting event VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela Campamento Rio Aro (collecting event VZ 10 - 0711 - 01 B) F type locality and habitat for T. atures, Venezuela, Tobogan de la Selva (collecting event VZ 09 - 0114 - 01 F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512613" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">, 15F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E92DDE60FE3A7485351E52FC4F3FF2A0" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="845235EAC408780FDB726CE11B87957E" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="C08C4E99949FCA1F87291B5B15CC532C" authority="Girón &amp; Short, 2021" authorityName="Girón &amp; Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">Tobochares</taxonomicName>
sp. 8:
<bibRefCitation id="EEC158EDDA1B5BBF5D378C3168DF6479" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 63, Conservation International, Arlington" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" refId="B9" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" year="2021">Short et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="22A3CDFA766D0595F44F648241A93EC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="type material">
<paragraph id="6660E7D34533254077B0B8A19F36A846" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E81F9EDED3EF147D644CBA7307ABEFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="E06ED12C82DDC4A6B95F868D1D5627EE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="B8D97B02368DB980D01FEA26D715E68D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Holotype</emphasis>
(male): Venezuela
</emphasis>
, &quot;
<taxonomicName id="48311903D74CB3FA8D844B59BB534F71" genus="T." lsidName="T." pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="genus">T.</taxonomicName>
F. Amazonas/ Puerto Ayacucho (40km S)/ El
<normalizedToken id="E84AD37A857C3A5730A685A71F032968" originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="1B134C44C17B9E45520CFCCF0ABFB91E" originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
Coromoto/ 26 Jan 1989, stream edge/ at upper shelter&quot;, &quot;collected by/ PJSpangler/RAFaitoute &amp; CBBarr&quot; (MIZA).
<emphasis id="FCD2B7A37AA502192CF25C3071CFD19B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="FB7AF045E715F6AE14B1F56E0D56547C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Paratypes</emphasis>
(357 exs.): Venezuela: Amazonas
</emphasis>
: &quot;40 Km S of Puerto Ayacucho, at
<normalizedToken id="D5310EDC4D9D62ED4A428CBE09FD324E" originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
; upper seep; 18.i.1989; leg. Spangler, Faitoute, Barr&quot; (34, USNM); same, except &quot;; colln #1; collected by pouring water over stream bank and washing riparian insects into seine; 19.vi.1989; leg. Spangler and Faitoute&quot; (3, USNM); same, except &quot;sandy margins; colln. #10; 23.ii.1986; leg. P. Spangler&quot; (38, USNM); same, except &quot;colln. #14; 25.ii.1986&quot; (16, USNM); &quot;40 Km S of Puerto Ayacucho, El
<normalizedToken id="885681011F332FC851E3CD65D235428C" originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="FC6ED99BDECCADF7BF1371B4D8C5CFA8" originalValue="Caño">Cano</normalizedToken>
Coromoto; seep, at upper shelter; 26.i.1989; leg. Spangler, Faitoute, Barr&quot; (55, USNM); same data as holotype (174, SEMC, MIZA, USNM); &quot;5°62'N [Sic!], 66°23'W; 1250 m; Cerro Guanay; Exp. Terramar; 5-12.ii.1995; leg. J. Clavijo&quot; (1, MIZA);
<normalizedToken id="75AA90C23B8C0E767E359A1F4DC22328" originalValue="Tobogán">Tobogan</normalizedToken>
de la Selva; old
<normalizedToken id="449F224BF6AFED749D5C306B3A7ED70D" originalValue="“Tobogancito”">&quot;Tobogancito&quot;</normalizedToken>
on seepage area with detritus; 8.viii.2008; leg. Short,
<normalizedToken id="F95988DCC7B6137EEB0BB3EE96C0631F" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, Joly; AS-08-080b (16, SEMC including DNA voucher SLE1032); same, except
<normalizedToken id="2EA7A48E0840008BB3059DB554AEBD12" originalValue="“Tobogán">&quot;Tobogan</normalizedToken>
de la Selva; wet rock covered with detritus; upstream slide; 14.i.2009; leg. Short,
<normalizedToken id="A4CE161EFD29F50BBFBEFC0D23C58A46" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
, Miller, Joly; VZ09-0114-01F&quot; (16, SEMC); same, except &quot;partly shaded wet rock with algae; leg. Short and Miller; VZ09-0114-01G&quot; (2, SEMC).
<emphasis id="05D93BE0D6AF0B58AF4B7ACE832D264E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<normalizedToken id="41DB692BD765C7523F3CA6ED3D0D19B6" originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: &quot;
<geoCoordinate id="158EB6E415A0FB565AB90A869B5A850E" degrees="6" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="4.6" value="6.2179446">6°13'4.6&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C6E8A44385A08386E484A33C0FC0F4F0" degrees="67" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="26.4" value="-67.24066">67°14'26.4&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; 60 m; ca. 25 Km E of El Burro; rocky morichal; 12.i.2009; leg. Short and
<normalizedToken id="7FB5E62FB28CECFB21EE0D91C6282F1C" originalValue="Téllez">Tellez</normalizedToken>
; VZ09-0113-01X&quot; (1, SEMC).
</paragraph>
<caption id="C11E43D584114CA812541ECE68A71726" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512613" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
<paragraph id="977AE2AECA75F316154347CB95F673F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="83B2FCFC58D7DF31B90323717576F511" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7540BCCD67183659D19626106D882AFE" authorityName="Girón &amp; Short" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="637ABC926DC9B4A67A92B36F4AC951AB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
habitat in Guyana and Venezuela
<emphasis id="116CC29B7059624FF67518D376986EC5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">A, B</emphasis>
habitat for
<taxonomicName id="5DA403F9530BD701D01B9826A6DBB11C" lsidName="T. arawak" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="arawak">
<emphasis id="F4C2727AFB49D5B9625BC2D26C03684E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. arawak</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Guyana, upper Potaro River (collecting event GY14-0312-01B)
<emphasis id="197C5E6295530893F33678685B0B01F8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">C, D</emphasis>
habitat for
<taxonomicName id="B58A5C3D8154879FDAC9C71B571BDE47" lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
<emphasis id="612399F3FD65F22E9FE5471BDE687CC5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Venezuela, rock outcrop by
<normalizedToken id="2F01BB46EE0BB9F7926FB933A5D5D39B" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Cuchivero, (collecting event VZ10-0710-01A)
<emphasis id="5497E59A5DC4D5AA87E7C8544F53E74F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">E</emphasis>
habitat for
<taxonomicName id="7CE15993E93D920600280874217C9FFD" lsidName="T. luteomargo" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="luteomargo">
<emphasis id="A76648F9D2E3F4C7C975725C8347B358" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. luteomargo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Venezuela Campamento
<normalizedToken id="46B8439A93EEEF2DB0F2E17C04FBC823" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Aro (collecting event VZ10-0711-01B)
<emphasis id="0735858BBE88DF919DFFB4C9548E2F24" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">F</emphasis>
type locality and habitat for
<taxonomicName id="B8F8F6B17A8063749CC8EC07FAD304A1" lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
<emphasis id="B1C67832F5C2558795307E99157B1DB9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Venezuela, Tobogan de la Selva (collecting event VZ09-0114-01F).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1D01B096BEBDF0FA02A4E7F49343873C" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B4BF9BC1CE9E5BC07D50B985F6270719" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8AC4B3B1652ED4BB4B4742177D3AD258" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
The general habitus and coloration of
<taxonomicName id="5A39EA541521EB9757240392BA460E06" lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
<emphasis id="4953B3BF2297599498BDA503EF434201" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that of several species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C6372719AE72874F67271387BEFCC3B" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis id="BA400C3CF63FCA97E766E8B067F08A93" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, nevertheless, the elytral punctation in
<taxonomicName id="EC9CEA2E1E710EA63BF07B5703AE0CE4" lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
<emphasis id="4C8F2E6DBDC97F99B248B9AEE8C4C7E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively distinct: all the elytral punctures are shallowly impressed, longitudinally aligned, and have two different sizes: the serial punctures, which are slightly impressed, are larger, whereas the interserial punctures are smaller and denser (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A08EAAE6550B677EE30E5EFD6D3BA930" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3B, G</figureCitation>
). In addition, the overall shape of the aedeagus, especially the shape of the median lobe of
<taxonomicName id="BE28F219259455800F57EF2FADC85B14" lsidName="T. atures" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="atures">
<emphasis id="8E0506DFF2FB6A66E216C1FEEC00DD36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">T. atures</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique among members of the
<taxonomicName id="BA8B219F6FC8F7481D1916C343FD5350" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares communis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="communis">
<emphasis id="169CA2BBC5FF8733AEEE46C8C07B66CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Tobochares communis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group: the median lobe gradually and slightly narrows towards a rounded apex, and the gonopore is located at the apical third of the median lobe (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AD139EAC71A302F0E59159D64CD792F8" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EAE8E15BD4EBBD31014E96D349B987D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="description">
<paragraph id="42CADAD5377E200ADDE3269851ADBB49" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA7E6D98FC1E0DBDF865ED49DE765889" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="5BAF15264C22DA0BFC98E7B838F576EE" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Size and form</emphasis>
: Body length 2.0-2.2 mm. Body elongate oval, moderately convex (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8BA2FF2CBA61AB3F3FF2AF8E4D6EA2C6" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7D</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="70E020590DA1594D4A5DD3FAAE6B1373" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Color and punctation</emphasis>
: Dorsal and ventral surfaces of body dark brown, with prothorax and lateral margins of elytra slightly paler (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D9390B37931B618A76D43559EF60AE1B" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7D, E</figureCitation>
); mouthparts and antennae yellow, with slightly darker apical third of maxillary palpomere IV; legs orange to reddish brown with paler tarsi (Fig.
<figureCitation id="145EC8967DF3BB056665A54404EE7A3D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7E</figureCitation>
). Ground punctation on head, pronotum and elytra rather shallowly marked.
<emphasis id="61B04E0880FF24CC12C9582019AC3DD4" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Head</emphasis>
: Eyes in dorsal view with anterior margin oblique (anteriorly directed), and outer margins slightly bulging from outline of head (e.g., Fig.
<figureCitation id="9AC2BE2F6DB12C936DDED5B3A0A2C6D6" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2D</figureCitation>
); in lateral view, eyes not emarginate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="57772E3D9D62C644D2CDB7FDE97A586D" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Heads of Tobochares spp. A, B T. goias, black mark pointing to Tobochares canthus emarginating the eye A dorsal view B anterolateral view C T. fusus D, E T. luteomargo, black mark pointing to straight anterior margin of the eye D dorsal view E anterolateral view F T. romanoae G T. pemon H T. communis I T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512600" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">2E</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B656DF50C69B52B7989D8E0D42BBCE18" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Thorax</emphasis>
: Elytra with longitudinal rows of shallow punctures, not forming grooves; punctures in two different sizes: serial punctures larger, interserial punctures smaller and denser (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C8A53E329CA08EB097448BB6ABAD5BD4" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters of elytra and wings of Tobochares spp. A-E Scanning Electron Micrographs A-C elytra: white arrows point to serial punctures; black arrows point to interserial punctures A T. communis B T. atures C T. arawak D, E ventral view of mesoventrite: D T. communis: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with low longitudinal elevation; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite E T. arawak: top white arrow points to posterior elevation of mesoventrite with weakly elevated bulge; bottom white arrow points to narrow longitudinal glabrous patch of the metaventrite. F-I detail of elytral punctation; black marks at top of each circle indicates serial punctures F T. pemon (all punctures relatively large; serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures in irregular single row) G T. atures (all punctures longitudinally aligned; serial punctures larger than interserial punctures; interserial punctures more densely distributed) H T. kolokoe (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming one or two irregular rows) I T. canaima (serial punctures longitudinally aligned; interserial punctures forming two or three irregular rows) J, K hindwings J T. sipaliwini K T. microps." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512601" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">3B, G</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="2E4FA892D64485C3304AD921A10EE1CD" genus="Metafemora" lsidName="Metafemora" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" rank="genus">Metafemora</taxonomicName>
mostly glabrous on anterior face (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F55558B7A140C8BBFAE0ABA845098160" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7F</figureCitation>
). Elevation of mesoventrite forming a low transverse carina (Fig.
<figureCitation id="02E262751DA6EA6E2C83B29D4486FBA2" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7F</figureCitation>
). Metaventrite with distinct median, longitudinal, narrow glabrous area extending along posterior half (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B28E009E7A8130C9B08A6DABECDE6D4A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7F</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="19CB1B6FDC064A1DFB3637705E922A33" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Abdominal ventrites uniformly and very densely pubescent (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9E8BE26C5D4B82BA33A40DBA94D815C3" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Habitus of Tobochares spp. in the Tobochares communis species group A-C T. anthonyae A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D-F T. atures D dorsal view E lateral view F ventral view G-I T. pemon G dorsal view H lateral view I ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512605" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">7F</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D47D30549F3BB2C36DBCA19D9CE3B20C" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Aedeagi of Tobochares spp. A T. benettii B T. goias C T. fusus D T. luteomargo E T. pemon F T. anthonyae G T. atures H T. communis I T. microps J T. romanoae K T. akoerio L T. kappel M T. arawak N T. canaima. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512609" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">11G</figureCitation>
). Basal piece nearly 0.5
<normalizedToken id="7AE98A663C35D3E8A6EF796532AD6CBE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the length of a paramere; parameres nearly 0.4
<normalizedToken id="A019D6E796B885F0606410B81E7E6533" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
greatest width of median lobe, with outer margins weakly and uniformly convex, and rounded apex; median lobe roughly triangular, widely rounded at apex; gonopore situated nearly at apical third of median lobe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1460B714B10288CD47FD79193066D2E" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="23023764F463F1DE6342D75443EE75AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="07DC76D7778BBF48A8FBA89F1D43E32B" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Noun in apposition. Named after Atures, the municipality where the type locality is situated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="265ED3E208BC59E351925C7110617E37" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="221D4B82EC223C1557AA63326B31F554" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0257AAAEF704BB29B426F5525FE3A919" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
This species is known from several localities along the northwestern edge of the Guiana Shield in Venezuela. See Fig.
<figureCitation id="3957EBDB157F49F10DDCB85483A1B7C4" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Distribution of Tobochares spp." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512611" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">13</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5CC5AC05535D7EC30133568AC374F6AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="93" type="life history">
<paragraph id="A8305E8E5211B17A14A393DB2DF9166A" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">Life history.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7477BF80A8ED386054548658779544A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">
Most specimens were collected on granite seepages that were adjacent to permanent streams. See Fig.
<figureCitation id="C7DEA40E6806851ADC5AFD8A4E533CEF" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Tobochares habitat in Guyana and Venezuela A, B habitat for T. arawak, Guyana, upper Potaro River (collecting event GY 14 - 0312 - 01 B) C, D habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela, rock outcrop by Rio Cuchivero, (collecting event VZ 10 - 0710 - 01 A) E habitat for T. luteomargo, Venezuela Campamento Rio Aro (collecting event VZ 10 - 0711 - 01 B) F type locality and habitat for T. atures, Venezuela, Tobogan de la Selva (collecting event VZ 09 - 0114 - 01 F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1019.59881.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/512613" pageId="0" pageNumber="93">15F</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink