223 lines
22 KiB
XML
223 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="3D212FFD2217FCAE0DF3C8C5D2D3213F">Generic Revision Of The Dioptinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea: Notodontidae) Part 2: Josiini</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="32FF29E31F112D3379D1302F4FA57858">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="4B64658209D2D4C9D45DE2F984626D10" type="ISSN">0003-0090</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FF87E0FFD69E22BC0716C8FD7A48A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FF87E0FFD69E22BC0716C8FD7A48A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FF87E0FFD69E22BC0716C8FD7A48A5" lastPageNumber="774" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
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<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD69E22BC0716C8FE2B49F4" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD69E22BC0716C8FE2B49F4" blockId="99.[119,593,1204,1256]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
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<heading id="D0A1819AFFD69E22BC0716C8FE2B49F4" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BC0716C8FE1C49D9" ID-CoL="BWS3B" authority="(Butler)" authorityName="" authorityYear="1875" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[119,388,1204,1226]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BC0716C8FE8649D9" box="[119,286,1205,1226]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Lyces cruciata</emphasis>
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(Butler)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BDE216C9FDC949D9" bold="true" box="[402,593,1204,1226]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A211579FFFD69E22BDE216C9FDC949D9" box="[402,593,1204,1226]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" rank="species">new combination</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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Plate 31 [EX]
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD69E22BC2D1682FE364802" box="[93,430,1278,1297]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD69E22BC2D1682FE364802" blockId="99.[93,619,1278,1386]" box="[93,430,1278,1297]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4611D8FFD69E22BC2D1682FE364802" box="[93,430,1278,1297]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF710E7FFD69E22BC2D1682FE324802" author="Butler, A. G." box="[93,426,1278,1297]" page="340" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" year="1875">
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BC2D1682FE324802" ID-CoL="3QR6D" authority="Butler, 1875: 340" authorityName="Butler" authorityPageNumber="340" authorityYear="1875" box="[93,426,1278,1297]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Josia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BC2D1682FF744802" box="[93,236,1279,1297]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Josia cruciata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD69E22BC831683FE324802" author="Butler, A. G." box="[243,426,1278,1297]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" pagination="338 - 342" refId="ref135881" refString="Butler, A. G. 1875. XLIV. - Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera from Central America. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 4: 338 - 342." type="journal article" year="1875">Butler, 1875: 340</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD69E22BC0A1765FF494879" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD69E22BC0A1765FDBC4823" blockId="99.[93,619,1278,1386]" box="[122,548,1304,1328]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
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<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD69E22BC0A1765FF21483D" box="[122,185,1304,1328]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">TYPE</collectionCode>
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</typeStatus>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD69E22BCB21765FEA2483C" baselines="1322,1323" box="[194,314,1304,1328]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Locality" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BD3B1766FE354823" box="[331,429,1307,1328]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
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, Veragua.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD69E22BC0A174BFF494879" blockId="99.[93,619,1278,1386]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD69E22BC0A174BFF20485F" baselines="1352,1352" box="[122,184,1334,1358]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
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<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD69E22BC0A174BFF20485F" box="[122,184,1334,1358]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">TYPE</collectionCode>
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||
</smallCapsWord>
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||
:
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||
<typeStatus id="54ED8854FFD69E22BCA31745FEA9485E" box="[211,305,1336,1357]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
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||
<specimenCount id="9D50FD7FFFD69E22BD331748FEC0485D" box="[323,344,1333,1358]" count="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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||
, ‘‘75
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BDEB1747FE3C485E" bold="true" box="[411,420,1338,1357]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">?</emphasis>
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28’’, leg. Salvin (
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<collectionCode id="ED47AE33FFD69E22BC151728FF5D4879" box="[101,197,1365,1386]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">BMNH</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD69E22BC0A17FBFCB04EF0" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD69E22BC0A17FBFD264C4C" blockId="99.[93,620,1414,1759]" lastBlockId="99.[667,1194,212,1462]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
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||
<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD69E22BC0A17FBFE9F488F" baselines="1432,1432" box="[122,263,1414,1438]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Discussion" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">DISCUSSION</smallCapsWord>
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: This is another
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BDBA17FAFD8E488D" box="[458,534,1415,1438]" class="Insecta" family="Urodidae" genus="Patula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BDBA17FAFD8E488D" box="[458,534,1415,1438]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Patula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Group species taken from
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BD3317D8FE7948A8" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner. My" authorityYear="1819" box="[323,481,1445,1467]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Josia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BD3317D8FEE648A9" box="[323,382,1445,1466]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Josia</emphasis>
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Hübner
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</taxonomicName>
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and placed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BC0B17BEFF2548CB" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1854" box="[123,189,1475,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BC0B17BEFF2548CB" box="[123,189,1475,1496]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Lyces</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a new combination. Based on my species concepts,
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BD44179DFE2048E6" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" box="[308,440,1504,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Josia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BD44179DFE2048E6" box="[308,440,1504,1525]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">L. cruciata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shows a relatively restricted geographical distribution, occurring from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BD3A1467FE6C4B23" box="[330,500,1562,1584]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Osa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peninsula">Osa Peninsula</taxonomicName>
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of southwestern
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BCB5144AFED64B5E" box="[197,334,1591,1613]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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(fig. 4) south to
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<collectingRegion id="4992F814FFD69E22BE48144AFF3B4B79" country="Panama" name="Veraguas" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Veraguas</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BCCA1428FE854B79" box="[186,285,1621,1642]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
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. On the other hand, the species with which
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BD39140FFE534B94" authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" box="[329,459,1650,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Josia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BD39140FFE534B94" box="[329,459,1650,1671]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">L. cruciata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is essentially identical in size and wing pattern,
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BE7614F2FF114BD1" baseAuthorityName="Dognin" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="annulata">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BE7614F2FF114BD1" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">L. annulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is broadly distributed across northern South America, south to
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BDFD14B4FE784BCC" box="[397,480,1737,1759]" name="Bolivia" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BE6F14B4FDF04BCC" box="[543,616,1737,1759]" name="Brazil" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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||
. The life history of
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BFC112A8FBFE4DF9" authorityName="" authorityYear="1875" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[945,1126,213,234]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
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<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BFC112A8FBFE4DF9" box="[945,1126,213,234]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Lyces cruciata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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was discovered by independent research groups in
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BEB11372FCD24C36" box="[705,842,271,293]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
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||
and
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BFE51372FC6C4C37" box="[917,1012,271,292]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
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(table 6). The caterpillars feed on
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<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BFFB1356FD2F4C4C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menispermifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BFFB1356FD2F4C4C" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Passiflora menispermifolia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD69E22BEC8131AFC9A4F75" blockId="99.[667,1194,212,1462]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
|
||
According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD69E22BF09131AFB874C6F" author="Prout, L. B." box="[889,1055,359,380]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" pagination="395 - 429" refId="ref148948" refString="Prout, L. B. 1918. A provisional arrangement of the Dioptidae. Novitates Zoologicae 25: 395 - 429." type="journal article" year="1918">Prout (1918)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ED8854FFD69E22B807131AFB314C6F" box="[1143,1193,359,380]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BF5713F8FC1B4C89" authorityName="" authorityYear="1875" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[807,899,389,410]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BF5713F8FC1B4C89" box="[807,899,389,410]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">cruciata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BFBA13F9FBB54C8A" box="[970,1069,388,409]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The label data on the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54ED8854FFD69E22BF2813DFFC124CA4" box="[856,906,418,439]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">type</typeStatus>
|
||
and in the original description (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC74B07FFD69E22BF4313C3FC534CC7" author="Butler, A. G." box="[819,971,446,468]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" pagination="338 - 342" refId="ref135881" refString="Butler, A. G. 1875. XLIV. - Descriptions of new species of Lepidoptera from Central America. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 4: 338 - 342." type="journal article" year="1875">Butler, 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) give the locality as ‘‘Veragua’’. The state of
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||
<collectingRegion id="4992F814FFD69E22BF9713A1FBCF4CE2" box="[999,1111,476,497]" country="Panama" name="Veraguas" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Veraguas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22B81513A1FD5A4F1D" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, would be closest to this name. Butler also gives ‘‘Salvin’’ as the collector. Salvin collected extensively throughout
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<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BF85104EFBEE4F5A" box="[1013,1142,563,585]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
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and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BEEB102CFD664F75" box="[667,766,593,614]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD69E22BEC81013FCB04EF0" blockId="99.[667,1194,212,1462]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
|
||
Butler’s description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BFB41012FBB84F97" authorityName="" authorityYear="1875" baseAuthorityName="Butler" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[964,1056,623,644]" class="Insecta" family="Notodontidae" genus="Lyces" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22BFB41012FBB84F97" box="[964,1056,623,644]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">cruciata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1875: 340) is misleading. He described the body as ‘‘black above, head and thorax spotted with orange, metathorax orange’’. However, the prominent, orange transverse band straddles the base of A1 (pl. 31), not the metathorax. On the head, Lp1, Lp2, the front, and the occiput are orange. Overall, there appears to be a great deal of variation in the amount of orange scaling on the body of this species, including tremendous variation in the width of the longitudinal FW and HW stripes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34C657DFFD69E22BEC81195FD7A48A5" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD69E22BEC81195FC574944" blockId="99.[667,1194,212,1462]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD69E22BEC81195FCF94EEC" baselines="1018,1019" box="[696,865,1000,1024]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BFF71197FB864913" box="[903,1054,1002,1024]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
(AMNH, CAS, INBio, USNM);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BFBA1675FBB1490E" box="[970,1065,1032,1053]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
(AMNH, BMNH, CAS, CMNH, FNHM, LAC, MUSNM, NMW, ZMH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE936F6FFD69E22BEC81620FD7A48A5" blockId="99.[667,1194,212,1462]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D0FA02AFFD69E22BEC81620FCA24967" baselines="1135,1136" box="[696,826,1117,1141]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Dissected" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">DISSECTED</smallCapsWord>
|
||
: ³,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BF1F1622FC6A4966" box="[879,1010,1119,1141]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22BF8D1622FC214981" authority=", Corcovado Park, Sirena" authorityName="Corcovado Park, Sirena" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Osa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="peninsula">Osa Peninsula, Corcovado Park, Sirena</taxonomicName>
|
||
Station 995,
|
||
<date id="FFE81036FFD69E22B82B1601FD4D49BC" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" value="1989-01-15">15 Jan 1989</date>
|
||
, leg. C.N. Duckett, reared on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C564D75FFD69E22B84716E4FC5749DF" authority=", AMNH" authorityName="AMNH" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Passifloraceae" genus="Passiflora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menispermifolia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B922EAE4FFD69E22B84716E4FCD649DE" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Passiflora menispermifolia</emphasis>
|
||
, AMNH
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(genitalia slide no. JSM-552); ³,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BF0416A8FC4E49F9" box="[884,982,1237,1258]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Barro Colorado, Canal Zone,
|
||
<date id="FFE81036FFD69E22BF47168FFC584814" box="[823,960,1265,1287]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" value="1936-02-09">9 Feb 1936</date>
|
||
, leg. Gertsch, Lutz, Wood, AMNH (genitalia slide no. JSM-1709); ³,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BF691751FCE34852" box="[793,891,1324,1345]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4992F814FFD69E22BFFC1751FC754851" box="[908,1005,1324,1346]" country="Panama" name="Chiriqui" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Chiriquí</collectingRegion>
|
||
, BMNH (genitalia slide no. JSM-308);
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D50FD7FFFD69E22BFBC173AFC784873" box="[972,992,1351,1376]" count="1" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3417666FFD69E22BF831737FBCD484C" box="[1011,1109,1354,1375]" name="Panama" pageId="99" pageNumber="774">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Barro Colorado, Canal Zone,
|
||
<date id="FFE81036FFD69E22BFB7171BFBF6486F" box="[967,1134,1382,1404]" pageId="99" pageNumber="774" value="1936-03-11">11 Mar 1936</date>
|
||
, leg. F.E. Lutz, AMNH (genitalia slide no. JSM-1710).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |