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<document id="2B0A8C947539A524FAF0D995E86BAE4B" ID-CLB-Dataset="291176" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2023.2260060" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9ffc2003-7435-4e20-a06e-fcac24758d30" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10830771" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1710235917830" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Costa-Silva, Vinícius, Strümpher, Werner P., Thyssen, Patricia J. &amp; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z." docDate="2024" docId="C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.58.1-3.14-166.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 58 (1 - 4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2023.2260060" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Polynoncus ecuadorensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="70" masterDocId="3535FFEAFFC4FFE1CB26FFA9FFA4FF48" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the South American genus Polynoncus Burmeister, 1876 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Trogidae)" masterLastPageNumber="166" masterPageNumber="14" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1710774508992" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="16E2B6983F91808B668EE74FCDBEE68F">Taxonomic revision of the South American genus Polynoncus Burmeister, 1876 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Trogidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3BEF2FF611460D07F4AEB31F5D3D75F7">Strümpher, Werner P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E0FD5B05FE874D10880F2C820E9DE3FF">Thyssen, Patricia J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C360202B638DFE06A9DCF2185A7C997C">Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="84F6E5D0BCBBCDD99B7E714DECFC47E8">2024</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="411A3684FFF3FFD6CA82FF47FCDBFE41" blockId="55.[420,895,238,265]" box="[420,895,238,265]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
<heading id="1A5281E8FFF3FFD6CA82FF47FCDBFE41" box="[420,895,238,265]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFF3FFD6CA82FF47FCDBFE41" ID-CoL="4LCHM" authority="(Vaurie, 1962)" baseAuthorityName="Vaurie" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[420,895,238,265]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CA82FF47FD6AFE41" box="[420,718,238,265]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Polynoncus ecuadorensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6C9FAFF47FCD2FE41" author="Vaurie P" box="[732,886,238,265]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="101 - 167" refId="ref98160" refString="Vaurie P. 1962. A revision of the genus Trox in South America (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 124: 101 - 167." type="journal article" year="1962">Vaurie, 1962</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="411A3684FFF3FFD6C911FE85FD48FE0E" blockId="55.[567,748,300,326]" box="[567,748,300,326]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
(
<figureCitation id="D99E2A01FFF3FFD6C919FE85FD40FE0E" box="[575,740,300,326]" captionStart-0="Figure 24" captionStart-1="Figure 25" captionStartId-0="55.[160,225,1635,1658]" captionStartId-1="56.[160,225,1570,1593]" captionTargetBox-0="[165,1149,946,1600]" captionTargetBox-1="[169,1145,145,1533]" captionTargetId-0="figure-196@55.[163,1153,945,1604]" captionTargetId-1="figure-3@56.[163,1153,142,1538]" captionTargetPageId-0="55" captionTargetPageId-1="56" captionText-0="Figure 24. Holotype of Trox ecuadorensis Vaurie, 1962 (now Polynoncus ecuadorensis): habitus in a, dorsal and b, lateral view; c, male genitalia in dorsal view; d, labels. Photos by Eliana Buenaventura (ZMUC)." captionText-1="Figure 25. Distribution map of Polynoncus ecuadorensis (red circles), P. longitarsis (green triangles), and P. pampeanus (blue squares) in South America. The records with a black dot in the centre indicate the type locality of the respective species." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10830822" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10830824" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10830822/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10830824/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Figures 2425</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="C0041095FFF3FFD6CBE6FED0FDEEFEDA" author="Vaurie P" box="[192,586,377,402]" page="133" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" year="1962">
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFF3FFD6CBE6FED0FDEEFEDA" ID-CoL="59DJX" authority="Vaurie, 1962: 133" authorityName="Vaurie" authorityPageNumber="133" authorityYear="1962" box="[192,586,377,402]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Trox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CBE6FED0FE26FEDA" box="[192,386,377,402]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Trox ecuadorensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6CAACFED0FDEEFEDA" author="Vaurie P" box="[394,586,377,402]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="101 - 167" refId="ref98160" refString="Vaurie P. 1962. A revision of the genus Trox in South America (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 124: 101 - 167." type="journal article" year="1962">Vaurie, 1962: 133</bibRefCitation>
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(original description)
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="61B511AAFFF3FFD6CBE6FE32FCFAFEFC" box="[192,862,411,436]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFF3FFD6CBE6FE32FDB0FEFC" ID-CoL="59DJX" authorityName="Vaurie" authorityYear="1962" box="[192,532,411,436]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Trox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis" subGenus="Polynoncus">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CBE6FE32FF4BFEFC" box="[192,239,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Trox</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CBD8FE32FEDDFEFC" box="[254,377,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Polynoncus</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CAAEFE32FDB0FEFC" box="[392,532,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">ecuadorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="C0041095FFF3FFD6C907FE32FD7CFEFC" author="Scholtz CH" box="[545,728,411,436]" page="16" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6C907FE32FD7CFEFC" author="Scholtz CH" box="[545,728,411,436]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 27" refId="ref97393" refString="Scholtz CH. 1982. Catalogue of world Trogidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). Entomol Mem Dept Agric Fish RSA. 54: 1 - 27." type="journal article" year="1982">Scholtz 1982: 16</bibRefCitation>
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(catalogue)
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<paragraph id="411A3684FFF3FFD6CBE6FE17FD4AFD54" blockId="55.[160,1156,377,540]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="61B511AAFFF3FFD6CBE6FE17FD4AFD54" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFF3FFD6CBE6FE17FE75FE9F" ID-CoL="4LCHM" baseAuthorityName="Vaurie" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[192,465,446,471]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CBE6FE17FE75FE9F" box="[192,465,446,471]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Polynoncus ecuadorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="C0041095FFF3FFD6CAC6FE17FD13FE9F" author="Scholtz CH" box="[480,695,446,471]" page="362" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6CAC6FE17FD13FE9F" author="Scholtz CH" box="[480,695,446,471]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="355 - 363" refId="ref97421" refString="Scholtz CH. 1986 a. Phylogeny and systematics of the Trogidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). Syst Entomol. 11: 355 - 363. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1986. tb 00186. x." type="journal article" year="1986">Scholtz 1986a: 362</bibRefCitation>
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(systematics);
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<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6C846FE17FB93FE9F" author="Scholtz CH" box="[864,1079,446,471]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="1391 - 1456" refId="ref97498" refString="Scholtz CH. 1990. Revision of the Trogidae of South America (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). J Nat Hist. 24: 1391 - 1456. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939000770841." type="journal article" year="1990">Scholtz 1990: 1448</bibRefCitation>
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(redescription);
<treatmentCitation id="C0041095FFF3FFD6CA32FE48FE1EFEB2" author="Kawai S" box="[276,442,481,506]" page="96" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6CA32FE48FE1EFEB2" author="Kawai S" box="[276,442,481,506]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="96" refId="ref95814" refString="Kawai S. 2007. First record of Polynoncus ecuadorensis (Vaurie 1962) from Peru. Kogane. 8: 96." type="journal article" year="2007">Kawai 2007: 96</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(record from
<collectingCountry id="39B27614FFF3FFD6C974FE48FD2DFEB2" box="[594,649,481,506]" name="Peru" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Peru</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="C0041095FFF3FFD6C9BEFE48FC88FEB2" author="Zidek J" box="[664,812,481,506]" page="9" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6C9BEFE48FC88FEB2" author="Zidek J" box="[664,812,481,506]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref98405" refString="Zidek J. 2013. Checklist and bibliography of the Trogidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). Insecta Mundi. 314: 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="2013">Zidek 2013: 9</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(checklist);
<treatmentCitation id="C0041095FFF3FFD6C88BFE48FF6DFD54" author="Ratcliffe BC &amp; Jameson ML &amp; Figueroa L &amp; Cave RD &amp; Paulsen MJ &amp; Cano EB &amp; Beza-Beza C &amp; Jimenez-Ferbans L &amp; Reyes-Castillo P" page="189" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" year="2015">
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6C88BFE48FF6DFD54" author="Ratcliffe BC &amp; Jameson ML &amp; Figueroa L &amp; Cave RD &amp; Paulsen MJ &amp; Cano EB &amp; Beza-Beza C &amp; Jimenez-Ferbans L &amp; Reyes-Castillo P" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="186 - 207" refId="ref97291" refString="Ratcliffe BC, Jameson ML, Figueroa L, Cave RD, Paulsen MJ, Cano EB, Beza-Beza C, Jimenez-Ferbans L, Reyes-Castillo P. 2015. Beetles (Coleoptera) of Peru: a survey of the families. Scarabaeoidea. J Kans Entomol Soc. 88 (2): 186 - 207. doi: 10.2317 / kent- 88 - 02 - 186 - 207.1." type="journal article" year="2015">
Ratcliffe
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CF2BFE48FB9FFEB2" box="[1037,1083,481,506]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">et al</emphasis>
. 2015: 189
</bibRefCitation>
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(checklist from
<collectingCountry id="39B27614FFF3FFD6CA5BFDAAFE10FD54" box="[381,436,515,540]" name="Peru" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Peru</collectingCountry>
);
<treatmentCitation id="C0041095FFF3FFD6CAE2FDAAFDD2FD54" author="Zidek J" box="[452,630,515,540]" page="100" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6CAE2FDAAFDD2FD54" author="Zidek J" box="[452,630,515,540]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="93 - 127" refId="ref98431" refString="Zidek J. 2017. Updated checklist and bibliography of family Trogidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). Folia Heyrovskyana. 25 (1): 93 - 127." type="journal article" year="2017">Zidek 2017: 100</bibRefCitation>
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(checklist)
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="09BF650FFFF3FFD8CB86FDE1FCACFE97" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
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<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CB86FDE1FC26FD2A" bold="true" box="[160,898,584,610]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CB86FDE1FE7BFD2A" bold="true" box="[160,479,584,610]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Type specimens examined</emphasis>
(through detailed photographs).
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFF3FFD6C8B4FDE7FE37FC47" collectingDate="1925-09-10" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="Henrik Emil Vorbeck" country="Ecuador" county="Vorbeck" location="First" municipality="Quito" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="9E1E8826FFF3FFD6C8B4FDE7FC4AFD17" box="[914,1006,590,607]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
(
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFF3FFD6CF24FDE0FBB2FD28" box="[1026,1046,585,608]" count="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" type="male"></specimenCount>
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<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFF3FFD6CF04FDE0FBCEFD2A" box="[1058,1130,585,610]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">ZMUC</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
<figureCitation id="D99E2A01FFF3FFD6CB86FDC5FEB4FDCD" box="[160,272,620,645]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="55.[160,225,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[165,1149,946,1600]" captionTargetId="figure-196@55.[163,1153,945,1604]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Figure 24. Holotype of Trox ecuadorensis Vaurie, 1962 (now Polynoncus ecuadorensis): habitus in a, dorsal and b, lateral view; c, male genitalia in dorsal view; d, labels. Photos by Eliana Buenaventura (ZMUC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10830822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10830822/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Figure 24</figureCitation>
)
<location id="447A605FFFF3FFD6CA05FDC5FEF7FDCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5:447A605FFFF3FFD6CA05FDC5FEF7FDCD" box="[291,339,620,645]" country="Ecuador" county="Vorbeck" municipality="Quito" name="First" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">First</location>
label [white, aged, typeset]:
<collectingMunicipality id="A17EACFEFFF3FFD6C995FDC5FD5CFDCD" box="[691,760,620,645]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Quito</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCountry id="39B27614FFF3FFD6C821FDC5FCC2FDCD" box="[775,870,620,645]" name="Ecuador" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. /
<collectingCounty id="A87B4E08FFF3FFD6C8ACFDC5FC42FDCD" box="[906,998,620,645]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Vorbeck</collectingCounty>
|
<date id="351B1044FFF3FFD6CF22FDC5FBD9FDCD" box="[1028,1149,620,645]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" value="1925-09-10">
<collectingDate id="255FE9ACFFF3FFD6CF22FDC5FBD9FDCD" box="[1028,1149,620,645]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" value="1925-09-10">10.IX.1925</collectingDate>
</date>
.
<collectorName id="EC505352FFF3FFD6CB86FD27FF57FDEF" box="[160,243,654,679]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Second</collectorName>
label [red, Patricia Vauries handwriting]: TYPE
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFF3FFD6C828FD26FC86FDEE" box="[782,802,655,678]" count="1" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" type="male"></specimenCount>
/
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFF3FFD6C81DFD27FCC8FDEF" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[827,876,654,679]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Trox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trox</taxonomicName>
/ ecuadorensis /
<collectorName id="EC505352FFF3FFD6CF17FD27FB24FDEF" box="[1073,1152,654,679]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Vaurie</collectorName>
.
<collectorName id="EC505352FFF3FFD6CB86FD18FF78FD82" box="[160,220,689,714]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Third</collectorName>
label [white, printed]: zmuc / 00022596 (
<figureCitation id="D99E2A01FFF3FFD6C9C1FD18FCCCFD82" box="[743,872,689,714]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="55.[160,225,1635,1658]" captionTargetBox="[165,1149,946,1600]" captionTargetId="figure-196@55.[163,1153,945,1604]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="Figure 24. Holotype of Trox ecuadorensis Vaurie, 1962 (now Polynoncus ecuadorensis): habitus in a, dorsal and b, lateral view; c, male genitalia in dorsal view; d, labels. Photos by Eliana Buenaventura (ZMUC)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10830822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10830822/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Figure 24d</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6C8A4FD18FB81FD82" bold="true" box="[898,1061,689,714]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Type locality</emphasis>
:
<collectorName id="EC505352FFF3FFD6CF1CFD18FB24FD82" box="[1082,1152,689,714]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Quito</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="EC505352FFF3FFD6CB86FD7DFEA7FDA5" box="[160,259,724,749]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Ecuador</collectorName>
.
<collectorName id="EC505352FFF3FFD6CA37FD7DFE9AFDA5" box="[273,318,724,749]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">This</collectorName>
specimen was collected by
<collectorName id="EC505352FFF3FFD6C9A9FD7DFD78FDA5" box="[655,732,724,749]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Danish</collectorName>
pharmacist and brewer
<collectorName id="EC505352FFF3FFD6C8D9FD7DFF5FFC47" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Henrik Emil Vorbeck</collectorName>
(18701943).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="411A3684FFF3FFD8CB86FCE9FCACFE97" blockId="55.[160,1155,827,888]" lastBlockId="57.[160,1156,142,479]" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFF3FFD6CB86FCE9FE3CFC1D" box="[160,408,827,853]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CB86FCE9FF5BFC1A" bold="true" box="[160,255,832,850]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
<typeStatus id="9E1E8826FFF3FFD6CB86FCE9FF5BFC1A" box="[160,255,832,850]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CA2EFC92FEBBFC1D" bold="true" box="[264,287,827,853]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
(
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFF3FFD6CA36FC92FEBBFC1D" box="[272,287,827,853]" count="2" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" type="female">2</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CA1BFC92FE3CFC1D" bold="true" box="[317,408,827,853]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFF3FFD6CA1BFC92FE34FC1D" box="[317,400,827,853]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">MNHN</collectionCode>
)
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CABEFC92FE38FC1D" bold="true" box="[408,412,827,853]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">.</emphasis>
First label [white, aged, typeset]: MUSÉUM PARIS /
<collectingCountry id="39B27614FFF3FFD6C8D0FC95FBD5FC1D" box="[1014,1137,828,853]" name="Ecuador" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">ÉQUATEUR</collectingCountry>
/ QUITO / R. BENOIST 1930. Second label [white, Emil Haafs handwriting]:
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFF3FFD6C8E2FCF6FC5CFC30" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[964,1016,863,888]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Trox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trox</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFF3FFD6CF2DFCF6FBD2FC30" authority="Har." authorityName="Har." box="[1035,1142,863,888]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sallei">sallei Har.</taxonomicName>
/ det.Dr.E.Haaf 1953. Third label [white, aged, typeset]:
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8C80EFF27FC98FFED" box="[808,828,142,165]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female"></specimenCount>
. Fourth label [white, aged, Patricia Vauries handwriting]:
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C925FF18FD93FF82" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[515,567,177,202]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Trox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trox</taxonomicName>
ecua- / dorensis / Vaurie / PARATYPE. Fifth label [white, Patricia Vauries handwriting]:
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C96CFF7DFCBCFFA5" authorityName="Vaurie" authorityYear="1962" box="[586,792,212,237]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Trox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">Trox ecuadorensis</taxonomicName>
/ Vaurie. Sixth label [white with black frame, Vinícius Costa-Silvas handwriting]:
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C9EEFF5FFCE8FE47" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1876" box="[712,844,246,271]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Polynoncus</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8C870FF5FFCCEFE45" box="[854,874,246,269]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female"></specimenCount>
/ ecuadorensis / (
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFFDFFD8CF1DFF5FFF7CFE7A" author="Vaurie P" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" pagination="101 - 167" refId="ref98160" refString="Vaurie P. 1962. A revision of the genus Trox in South America (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 124: 101 - 167." type="journal article" year="1962">Vaurie 1962</bibRefCitation>
) / Det
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CA01FEB0FEE1FE7A" box="[295,325,281,306]" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">. V</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CA60FEB0FD0BFE7A" box="[326,687,281,306]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
. Costa-Silva, 2022
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C905FEB0FD9FFE7A" bold="true" box="[547,571,281,306]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
(
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8C908FEB0FD9FFE7A" box="[558,571,281,306]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female">1</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C97FFEB0FD0BFE7A" bold="true" box="[601,687,281,306]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFFDFFD8C97FFEB0FD0CFE7A" box="[601,680,281,306]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">MNHN</collectionCode>
)
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
. First label [white, typeset]: Machachi, /
<collectingCountry id="39B27614FFFDFFD8CB86FE95FF5AFE1D" box="[160,254,316,341]" name="Ecuador" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. /
<quantity id="865D9B61FFFDFFD8CA3DFE95FE12FE1D" box="[283,438,316,341]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5253716" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="0.0027432" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" unit="ft" value="5004.5" valueMax="10000.0" valueMin="9.0">910,000 feet</quantity>
. / Ed. Whymper. Second label [white, aged, typeset]:
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8CF07FE95FB91FE1B" box="[1057,1077,316,339]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female"></specimenCount>
. Third label [white, aged, typeset]: Ex- Musaeo / H.W.BATES / 1892 [vertical]. Fourth label [white, aged, Patricia Vauries handwriting]:
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C910FE28FDCEFED2" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[566,618,385,410]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Trox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trox</taxonomicName>
ecua- / dorensis / Vaurie / PARATYPE. Fifth label [white with black frame, Vinícius Costa-Silvas handwriting]:
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C81BFE0DFC65FEF5" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1876" box="[829,961,420,445]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Polynoncus</taxonomicName>
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8C8E1FE0DFC7FFEF3" box="[967,987,420,443]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female"></specimenCount>
/ ecuadorensis / (
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFFDFFD8CB90FE6FFE9AFE97" author="Vaurie P" box="[182,318,454,479]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" pagination="101 - 167" refId="ref98160" refString="Vaurie P. 1962. A revision of the genus Trox in South America (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 124: 101 - 167." type="journal article" year="1962">Vaurie 1962</bibRefCitation>
) / Det
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CAA1FE6FFE07FE97" box="[391,419,454,479]" collectionCode="MNHN" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1">. V</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CA85FE6FFCA7FE97" box="[419,771,454,479]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
. Costa-Silva, 2022
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C95EFE6FFD34FE97" bold="true" box="[632,656,454,479]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
(
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8C9A5FE6FFD34FE97" box="[643,656,454,479]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female">1</specimenCount>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C98DFE6FFCA7FE97" bold="true" box="[683,771,454,479]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFFDFFD8C98DFE6FFD59FE97" box="[683,765,454,479]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">MNHN</collectionCode>
)
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C822FE6FFCACFE97" bold="true" box="[772,776,454,479]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="15DA660CFFF3FFD6CB86F9CAFF54F9FD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10830822" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10830822" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10830822/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" startId="55.[160,225,1635,1658]" targetBox="[165,1149,946,1600]" targetPageId="55" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="411A3684FFF3FFD6CB86F9CAFF54F9FD" blockId="55.[160,1155,1635,1717]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CB86F9CAFEADF932" bold="true" box="[160,265,1635,1658]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Figure 24.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFF3FFD6CAA9F9CAFD1BF932" authority="Vaurie, 1962" authorityName="Vaurie" authorityYear="1962" box="[399,703,1635,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Trox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CAA9F9CAFD98F932" box="[399,572,1635,1658]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Trox ecuadorensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFF3FFD6C965F9CAFD1BF932" author="Vaurie P" box="[579,703,1635,1658]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" pagination="101 - 167" refId="ref98160" refString="Vaurie P. 1962. A revision of the genus Trox in South America (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 124: 101 - 167." type="journal article" year="1962">Vaurie, 1962</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(now
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFF3FFD6C824F9CAFC55F932" baseAuthorityName="Vaurie" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[770,1009,1635,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6C824F9CAFC55F932" box="[770,1009,1635,1658]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">Polynoncus ecuadorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
): habitus in
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CF57F9CAFBDAF932" bold="true" box="[1137,1150,1635,1658]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">a</emphasis>
, dorsal and
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CA36F928FEBAF9D0" bold="true" box="[272,286,1665,1688]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">b</emphasis>
, lateral view;
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6CA8CF928FE10F9D0" bold="true" box="[426,436,1665,1688]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">c</emphasis>
, male genitalia in dorsal view;
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFF3FFD6C9CBF928FD5FF9D0" bold="true" box="[749,763,1665,1688]" pageId="55" pageNumber="68">d</emphasis>
, labels. Photos by Eliana Buenaventura (ZMUC).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="15DA660CFFFCFFD9CB86F98BFDE5F93C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10830824" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10830824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10830824/files/figure.png" pageId="56" pageNumber="69" startId="56.[160,225,1570,1593]" targetBox="[169,1145,145,1533]" targetPageId="56" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="411A3684FFFCFFD9CB86F98BFDE5F93C" blockId="56.[160,1157,1570,1652]" pageId="56" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFCFFD9CB86F98BFEADF971" bold="true" box="[160,265,1570,1593]" pageId="56" pageNumber="69">Figure 25.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFCFFD9CAF8F98BFD69F971" baseAuthorityName="Vaurie" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[478,717,1570,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFCFFD9CAF8F98BFD69F971" box="[478,717,1570,1593]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="69">Polynoncus ecuadorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(red circles),
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFCFFD9C870F98BFC76F971" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[854,978,1570,1593]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longitarsis">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFCFFD9C870F98BFC76F971" box="[854,978,1570,1593]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="69">P. longitarsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(green triangles), and
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFCFFD9CBEDF9E9FEF6F91F" baseAuthorityName="Burmeister" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[203,338,1600,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="56" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pampeanus">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFCFFD9CBEDF9E9FEF6F91F" box="[203,338,1600,1623]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="69">P. pampeanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(blue squares) in South America. The records with a black dot in the centre indicate the type locality of the respective species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="09BF650FFFFDFFD8CB86FDB8FC0DFBA5" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="411A3684FFFDFFD8CB86FDB8FC80FDB3" blockId="57.[160,1156,529,763]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8CB86FDB8FE01FD63" bold="true" box="[160,421,529,555]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C83FFDBBFC0FFD63" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[793,939,530,555]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosus">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C83FFDBBFC0FFD63" box="[793,939,530,555]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">P. tenebrosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but can be distinguished from the latter by the presence of distinct humeral callus, which is less developed in
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8CB99FDFEFEF5FD38" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[191,337,599,624]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosus">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8CB99FDFEFEF5FD38" box="[191,337,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">P. tenebrosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(almost obsolete); scutellum is elongate (almost oval in
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C8C2FDFEFBD2FD38" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[996,1142,599,624]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosus">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C8C2FDFEFBD2FD38" box="[996,1142,599,624]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">P. tenebrosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); antennae with yellow setae, which are dark in
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C985FDD3FC95FDDB" baseAuthorityName="Harold" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[675,817,634,659]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenebrosus">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C985FDD3FC95FDDB" box="[675,817,634,659]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">P. tenebrosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Shares with
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C8E2FDD3FB9DFDDB" baseAuthorityName="Vaurie" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[964,1081,634,659]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diffluens">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C8E2FDD3FB9DFDDB" box="[964,1081,634,659]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">P. diffluens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8CF56FDD3FF5BFDFE" authorityName="Dieguez" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticus">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8CF56FDD3FF5BFDFE" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">P. crypticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the elytral tubercles poorly developed, but can be distinguished from these based on the presence of erect black setae in the surface of elytral tubercles in
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8CF56FD16FE88FDB3" authorityName="Vaurie" authorityYear="1962" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Trox" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8CF56FD16FE88FDB3" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">P. ecuadorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For details of description, see
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFFDFFD8C9ADFD4BFC84FDB3" author="Vaurie P" box="[651,800,738,763]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" pagination="101 - 167" refId="ref98160" refString="Vaurie P. 1962. A revision of the genus Trox in South America (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 124: 101 - 167." type="journal article" year="1962">Vaurie (1962)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="411A3684FFFDFFD8CB86FC84FC6BFCC4" blockId="57.[160,1155,813,908]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8CB86FC84FE1BFC0F" bold="true" box="[160,447,813,839]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Geographic distribution.</emphasis>
This rare species is only known from
<collectingCountry id="39B27614FFFDFFD8C840FC87FC65FC0F" box="[870,961,814,839]" name="Ecuador" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="D99E2A01FFFDFFD8C8E9FC87FB93FC0F" box="[975,1079,814,839]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="56.[160,225,1570,1593]" captionTargetBox="[169,1145,145,1533]" captionTargetId="figure-3@56.[163,1153,142,1538]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="Figure 25. Distribution map of Polynoncus ecuadorensis (red circles), P. longitarsis (green triangles), and P. pampeanus (blue squares) in South America. The records with a black dot in the centre indicate the type locality of the respective species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10830824" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10830824/files/figure.png" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Figure 25</figureCitation>
) and a single record from
<collectingCountry id="39B27614FFFDFFD8CA51FCF9FE0EFC21" box="[375,426,848,873]" name="Peru" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Peru</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFFDFFD8CA91FCF9FD9EFC21" author="Kawai S" box="[439,570,848,873]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" pagination="96" refId="ref95814" refString="Kawai S. 2007. First record of Polynoncus ecuadorensis (Vaurie 1962) from Peru. Kogane. 8: 96." type="journal article" year="2007">Kawai 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="86A54D07FFFDFFD8C968FCF9FCF9FC21" baseAuthorityName="Vaurie" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[590,861,848,873]" class="Insecta" family="Trogidae" genus="Polynoncus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ecuadorensis">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C968FCF9FCF9FC21" box="[590,861,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Polynoncus ecuadorensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported from the high elevations in the Andes (
<quantity id="865D9B61FFFDFFD8CA90FCDAFDEBFCC4" box="[438,591,883,908]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="2000.0" valueMax="3000.0" valueMin="1000.0">10003000 m</quantity>
above sea level; see
<bibRefCitation id="25344B75FFFDFFD8C818FCDAFC67FCC4" author="Vaurie P" box="[830,963,883,908]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" pagination="101 - 167" refId="ref98160" refString="Vaurie P. 1962. A revision of the genus Trox in South America (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae). Bull Am Mus Nat Hist. 124: 101 - 167." type="journal article" year="1962">Vaurie 1962</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="411A3684FFFDFFD8CB86FC17FC0DFBA5" blockId="57.[160,1157,958,1261]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8CB86FC17FD12FC90" bold="true" box="[160,694,958,984]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8CB86FC17FE55FC90" bold="true" box="[160,497,958,984]" italics="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Examined non-type material</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8C927FC17FD0FFC90" box="[513,683,958,984]" count="11" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
).
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C9E0FC16FECAFCB2" collectingDate="1984-11-18" country="Ecuador" location="Chachimbiro" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Imbabura">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C9E0FC16FC1BFC90" bold="true" box="[710,959,959,984]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
<collectingCountry id="39B27614FFFDFFD8C9E0FC16FCE4FC90" box="[710,832,959,984]" name="Ecuador" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="8361F866FFFDFFD8C86DFC16FC1BFC90" box="[843,959,959,984]" country="Ecuador" name="Imbabura" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Imbabura</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="447A605FFFFDFFD8C8EAFC16FBFAFC90" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5:447A605FFFFDFFD8C8EAFC16FBFAFC90" box="[972,1118,959,984]" country="Ecuador" name="Chachimbiro" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Imbabura">Chachimbiro</location>
,
<date id="351B1044FFFDFFD8CF4EFC16FEF1FCB2" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1984-11-18">
<collectingDate id="255FE9ACFFFDFFD8CF4EFC16FEF1FCB2" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1984-11-18">18 November 1984</collectingDate>
</date>
, F
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CA48FC48FE46FCB2" box="[366,482,993,1018]" collectingDate="1984-11-18" collectorName="Bravo" country="Ecuador" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Chachimbiro" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Imbabura">
.
<collectorName id="EC505352FFFDFFD8CA5EFC48FE13FCB2" box="[376,439,993,1018]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Bravo</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CAC4FC48FDC1FCB2" box="[482,613,993,1018]" collectionCode="CEMT" country="Ecuador" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Imbabura">
. (
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8CAD0FC48FDB1FCB1" box="[502,533,993,1018]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFFDFFD8C93DFC48FDFBFCB2" box="[539,607,993,1018]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">CEMT</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C948FC48FE87FB55" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Ecuador" location="Napo" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Napo">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8C948FC48FD0AFCB2" bold="true" box="[622,686,993,1018]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
<collectingRegion id="8361F866FFFDFFD8C948FC48FD0AFCB2" box="[622,686,993,1018]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Napo</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
, without specific locality, date or collector (
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8CB8CFBADFF6DFB54" box="[170,201,1028,1053]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFFDFFD8CBE9FBADFEB9FB55" box="[207,285,1028,1053]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">MNHN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CA0DFBADFC9CFB55" box="[299,824,1028,1053]" collectingDate="1988-01-16" collectorName="Sanchez" country="Ecuador" location="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
<emphasis id="73D1EA96FFFDFFD8CA0DFBADFE3AFB55" bold="true" box="[299,414,1028,1053]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">
<collectingRegion id="8361F866FFFDFFD8CA0DFBADFE3AFB55" box="[299,414,1028,1053]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="447A605FFFFDFFD8CA8FFBADFE4EFB55" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5:447A605FFFFDFFD8CA8FFBADFE4EFB55" box="[425,490,1028,1053]" country="Ecuador" name="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Pichincha">Quito</location>
,
<date id="351B1044FFFDFFD8CAD5FBADFD0CFB55" box="[499,680,1028,1053]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1988-01-16">
<collectingDate id="255FE9ACFFFDFFD8CAD5FBADFD0CFB55" box="[499,680,1028,1053]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1988-01-16">16 January 1988</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="EC505352FFFDFFD8C997FBADFCA9FB55" box="[689,781,1028,1053]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Sanchez</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C81EFBADFEF6FB08" collectingDate="1989-10-12" collectionCode="CEMT" country="Ecuador" elevation="2800" location="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
. (
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8C86CFBADFCCEFB54" box="[842,874,1028,1053]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFFDFFD8C849FBADFC17FB55" box="[879,947,1028,1053]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">CEMT</collectionCode>
);
<location id="447A605FFFFDFFD8C8E7FBADFBA6FB55" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5:447A605FFFFDFFD8C8E7FBADFBA6FB55" box="[961,1026,1028,1053]" country="Ecuador" name="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Pichincha">Quito</location>
,
<quantity id="865D9B61FFFDFFD8CF2DFBADFBFBFB55" box="[1035,1119,1028,1053]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="2800.0">
<elevation id="CA88D1B7FFFDFFD8CF2DFBADFBFBFB55" box="[1035,1119,1028,1053]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="351B1044FFFDFFD8CF4EFBADFE9DFB08" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1989-10-12">
<collectingDate id="255FE9ACFFFDFFD8CF4EFBADFE9DFB08" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1989-10-12">12 October 1989</collectingDate>
</date>
, E
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CA7CFB8EFDD0FB08" box="[346,628,1063,1088]" collectionCode="CEMT" country="Ecuador" location="Kessles" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
<location id="447A605FFFFDFFD8CA7CFB8EFE0DFB08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5:447A605FFFFDFFD8CA7CFB8EFE0DFB08" box="[346,425,1063,1088]" country="Ecuador" name="Kessles" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Pichincha">Kessles</location>
[?] leg. (
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8C920FB8EFD81FB76" box="[518,549,1063,1088]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFFDFFD8C90CFB8EFDCAFB08" box="[554,622,1063,1088]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">CEMT</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C95AFB8EFC51FB08" box="[636,1013,1063,1088]" collectingDate="1997-03-25" country="Ecuador" location="Calderon" municipality="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
<collectingMunicipality id="A17EACFEFFFDFFD8C95AFB8EFD19FB08" box="[636,701,1063,1088]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Quito</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="447A605FFFFDFFD8C9E0FB8EFC8AFB08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5:447A605FFFFDFFD8C9E0FB8EFC8AFB08" box="[710,814,1063,1088]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Quito" name="Calderon" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Pichincha">Calderón</location>
,
<date id="351B1044FFFDFFD8C810FB8EFC7FFB08" box="[822,987,1063,1088]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1997-03-25">
<collectingDate id="255FE9ACFFFDFFD8C810FB8EFC7FFB08" box="[822,987,1063,1088]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1997-03-25">25 March 1997</collectingDate>
</date>
, V
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C8D3FB8EFB24FB08" box="[1013,1152,1063,1088]" collectingDate="1997-03-25" collectorName="Carvajal" country="Ecuador" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Calderon" municipality="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
.
<collectorName id="EC505352FFFDFFD8C8DBFB8EFBF1FB08" box="[1021,1109,1063,1088]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Carvajal</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CFA6FB8EFCE1FB2A" collectingDate="1995-12-28" collectionCode="CEMT" country="Ecuador" elevation="2300" location="Cumbaya" municipality="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
. (
<specimenCount id="57A3FD0DFFFDFFD8CB8CFBE0FF6DFB29" box="[170,201,1097,1122]" count="1" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFFDFFD8CBF7FBE0FEB1FB2A" box="[209,277,1097,1122]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">CEMT</collectionCode>
);
<collectingMunicipality id="A17EACFEFFFDFFD8CA03FBE0FEC2FB2A" box="[293,358,1097,1122]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Quito</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="447A605FFFFDFFD8CA57FBE0FE7AFB2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5:447A605FFFFDFFD8CA57FBE0FE7AFB2A" box="[369,478,1097,1122]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Quito" name="Cumbaya" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Pichincha">Cumbayá</location>
,
<quantity id="865D9B61FFFDFFD8CACFFBE0FD9BFB2A" box="[489,575,1097,1122]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="2300.0">
<elevation id="CA88D1B7FFFDFFD8CACFFBE0FD9BFB2A" box="[489,575,1097,1122]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="2300.0">2300 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="351B1044FFFDFFD8C96DFBE0FC87FB2A" box="[587,803,1097,1122]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1995-12-28">
<collectingDate id="255FE9ACFFFDFFD8C96DFBE0FC87FB2A" box="[587,803,1097,1122]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1995-12-28">28 December 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
, M
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C863FBE0FC67FB2A" box="[837,963,1097,1122]" collectingDate="1995-12-28" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="Torres" country="Ecuador" elevation="2300" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Cumbaya" municipality="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
.
<collectorName id="EC505352FFFDFFD8C877FBE0FC32FB2A" box="[849,918,1097,1122]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Torres</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C8E4FBE0FDABFBCD" collectingDate="1988-01-16" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="San Gregorio" country="Ecuador" location="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
. (1
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFFDFFD8C8CDFBE0FB8BFB2A" box="[1003,1071,1097,1122]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">CEMT</collectionCode>
);
<location id="447A605FFFFDFFD8CF19FBE0FB24FB2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5:447A605FFFFDFFD8CF19FBE0FB24FB2A" box="[1087,1152,1097,1122]" country="Ecuador" name="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Pichincha">Quito</location>
,
<collectorName id="EC505352FFFDFFD8CB86FBC5FE90FBCD" box="[160,308,1132,1157]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">San Gregorio</collectorName>
,
<date id="351B1044FFFDFFD8CA18FBC5FE51FBCD" box="[318,501,1132,1157]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1988-01-16">
<collectingDate id="255FE9ACFFFDFFD8CA18FBC5FE51FBCD" box="[318,501,1132,1157]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1988-01-16">16 January 1988</collectingDate>
</date>
, P
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C936FBC5FD0AFBCD" box="[528,686,1132,1157]" collectingDate="1988-01-16" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="Mendozo" country="Ecuador" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Quito" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
.
<collectorName id="EC505352FFFDFFD8C93FFBC5FD26FBCD" box="[537,642,1132,1157]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Mendozo</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C988FBC5FF53FBE0" collectingDate="1988-01-16" collectionCode="CVMD" country="Ecuador" elevation="2517" location="San Rafael" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
. (1
<collectionCode id="27B4AE41FFFDFFD8C9F2FBC5FCBAFBCD" box="[724,798,1132,1157]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">CVMD</collectionCode>
);
<location id="447A605FFFFDFFD8C80BFBC5FC06FBCD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C90C8792FFF3FFD8CA82FF47FC0DFBA5:447A605FFFFDFFD8C80BFBC5FC06FBCD" box="[813,930,1132,1157]" country="Ecuador" name="San Rafael" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Pichincha">San Rafael</location>
,
<quantity id="865D9B61FFFDFFD8C88DFBC5FBA5FBCD" box="[939,1025,1132,1157]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.517" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="2517.0">
<elevation id="CA88D1B7FFFDFFD8C88DFBC5FBA5FBCD" box="[939,1025,1132,1157]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.517" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="2517.0">2517 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="351B1044FFFDFFD8CF2DFBC5FF7DFBE0" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1988-01-16">
<collectingDate id="255FE9ACFFFDFFD8CF2DFBC5FF7DFBE0" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1988-01-16">16 January 1988</collectingDate>
</date>
, S
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CBD0FB26FE3EFBE0" box="[246,410,1167,1192]" collectingDate="1988-01-16" collectionCode="CVMD" collectorName="Gutierrez" country="Ecuador" elevation="2517" isTailEnumeration="true" location="San Rafael" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
.
<collectorName id="EC505352FFFDFFD8CA22FB26FECFFBE0" box="[260,363,1167,1192]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Gutierrez</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CABCFB26FC60FBE0" box="[410,964,1167,1192]" collectingDate="1989-05-15" collectionCode="CEMT" country="Ecuador" elevation="2650" location="Tumbaco" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
. (
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,
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,
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, J
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leg
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,
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<collectingDate id="255FE9ACFFFDFFD8CA5CFB18FDC6FB82" box="[378,610,1201,1226]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" value="1985-12-29">29 December 1985</collectingDate>
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, F
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<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C9A7FB18FCACFB82" box="[641,776,1201,1226]" collectingDate="1985-12-29" collectionCode="CEMT" collectorName="Brabo" country="Ecuador" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
.
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leg
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)
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.
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8C88DFB18FB25FB82" box="[939,1153,1201,1226]" collectorName="Env" country="Ecuador" location="Tungurahua" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua">
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,
<collectorName id="EC505352FFFDFFD8CF72FB18FB25FB82" box="[1108,1153,1201,1226]" pageId="57" pageNumber="70">Env</collectorName>
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.
<materialsCitation id="F1CD3CD9FFFDFFD8CB86FB7DFCB2FBA5" box="[160,790,1236,1261]" collectorName="Irenee Blanc" country="Ecuador" location="d'Ambato" pageId="57" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tungurahua">
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[San Juan de Ambato], 1930,
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leg
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)
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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