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<mods:title id="44E043E2C1874A8E92E4602972BA3F3C">Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 11. Passeriformes: Parulidae, Drepanididae, Vireonidae, Icteridae, Fringillinae, Carduelinae, Estrildidae, And Viduinae</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="A35036B69E5BFF93FF007750FDAC152D" blockId="95.[179,602,842,865]" box="[179,602,842,865]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">
<heading id="F81881DA9E5BFF93FF007750FDAC152D" box="[179,602,842,865]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5BFF93FF007750FDAC152D" authority="Neumann" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1908" box="[179,602,842,865]" class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Estrilda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="atricapilla" subSpecies="graueri">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FF007750FDAC152D" bold="true" box="[179,602,842,865]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FF007750FE12152D" bold="true" box="[179,484,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">Estrilda atricapilla graueri</emphasis>
Neumann
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5BFF93FF337762FD7815C6" author="Neumann, O." box="[128,654,888,908]" page="55" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" year="1908">
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5BFF93FF337762FD7815C6" authority="Neumann, 1908 b: 55" authorityName="Neumann" authorityPageNumber="55" authorityYear="1908" box="[128,654,888,908]" class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Estrilda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="atricapilla" subSpecies="graueri">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FF337762FE6C15C6" box="[128,410,888,908]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">Estrilda atricapilla graueri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FE1B7763FD7815C6" author="Neumann, O." box="[424,654,888,908]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" pagination="54 - 57" refId="ref123886" refString="Neumann, O. 1908 b. [Prof. Neumann described and exhibited examples of the following new African birds collected by Mr. Rudolf Grauer on the Upper Kagera River and on the western chain of the Kivu Volcanoes. The type specimens were preserved in the Tring Museum]. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 21: 54 - 57." type="journal article" year="1908">Neumann, 1908b: 55</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(Mt. Sabjingo (
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.)).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A35036B69E5BFF93FF3377B5FE411261" blockId="95.[128,655,888,1068]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="83FF11989E5BFF93FF3377B5FE411261" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">
Now
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5BFF93FF0F77B4FDA8158C" ID-CoL="5H7CQ" authority="Reichenow, 1902" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1902" box="[188,606,942,962]" class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Estrilda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="kandti" subSpecies="kandti">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FF0F77B4FE68158F" box="[188,414,942,962]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">Estrilda kandti kandti</emphasis>
Reichenow, 1902
</taxonomicName>
. See
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5BFF93FF2977D3FE871591" author="Hartert, E." box="[154,369,969,988]" page="141" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" year="1919">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FF2977D3FE871591" author="Hartert, E." box="[154,369,969,988]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" pagination="123 - 178" refId="ref119004" refString="Hartert, E. 1919 a. Types of birds in the Tring Museum. B. Types in the general collection. Novitates Zoologicae 26: 123 - 178." type="journal article" year="1919">Hartert, 1919a: 141</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5BFF93FE3177D3FD7C1591" author="Chapin, J. P." box="[386,650,969,988]" page="555" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" year="1954">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FE3177D3FD7C1591" author="Chapin, J. P." box="[386,650,969,988]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 846" refId="ref114020" refString="Chapin, J. P. 1954 b. The birds of the Belgian Congo, Part 4. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 75 B: i-ix, 1 - 846, 27 pls." type="book chapter" year="1954">Chapin, 1954b: 555–556</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5BFF93FF2977FEFE7815BB" author="Mayr, E. &amp; R. A. Paynter, Jr. &amp; M. A. Traylor &amp; African" box="[154,398,995,1015]" page="346" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FF2977FEFE7815BB" author="Mayr, E. &amp; R. A. Paynter, Jr. &amp; M. A. Traylor &amp; African" box="[154,398,995,1015]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" pagination="306 - 390" refId="ref123101" refString="Mayr, E. [Australo-Papuan]., R. A. Paynter, Jr. [Oriental], and M. A. Traylor [African]. 1968. Family Estrildidae. In R. A. Paynter, Jr. (editor), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 14: 306 - 390. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, 433 pp." type="book chapter" year="1968">Mayr et al., 1968: 346</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Priggogine, 1980: 370– 372;
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5BFF93FF7F77E4FE5C125C" author="Dickinson, E. C." box="[204,426,1022,1041]" page="731" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FF7F77E4FE5C125C" author="Dickinson, E. C." box="[204,426,1022,1041]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" refId="ref116121" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (editor). 2003. The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world, 3 rd ed. London: Christopher Helm, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson, 2003: 731</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5BFF93FE0777E4FF051261" author="Fry, C. H. &amp; S. Keith" page="308" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" year="2004">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FE0777E4FF051261" author="Fry, C. H. &amp; S. Keith" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" refId="ref116661" refString="Fry, C. H., and S. Keith (editors). 2004. The birds of Africa, vol. 7. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, xxi + 666 pp., 36 pls." type="book" year="2004">Fry and Keith, 2004: 308–309</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="224E10A79E5BFF93FF4D7003FE451261" author="Payne, R. B." box="[254,435,1049,1068]" page="321" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FF4D7003FE451261" author="Payne, R. B." box="[254,435,1049,1068]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" pagination="299 - 377" refId="ref124981" refString="Payne, R. B. 2010. Family Estrildidae (waxbills), species accounts. In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world, vol. 15, weavers to New World warblers: 299 - 377. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., photographs." type="book chapter" year="2010">Payne, 2010: 321</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBF5653D9E5BFF93FF2F7059FF091347" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A35036B69E5BFF93FF2F7059FF091347" blockId="95.[128,654,1091,1759]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">
<materialsCitation id="13873CEB9E5BFF93FF2F7059FF091347" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3059738507" collectingDate="1907-09-01" collectionCode="AMNH" country="Uganda" county="Mount Sabinyo" elevation="2700" latitude="-1.22" location="Times" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="29.36" municipality="Sabjingo" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" specimenCode="AMNH 451855" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kinshasa" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="7C5488149E5BFF93FF2F7059FEEA1214" box="[156,284,1091,1115]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FE80705EFE181214" bold="true" box="[307,494,1092,1113]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">
<specimenCode id="F3499ECD9E5BFF93FE80705EFE181214" box="[307,494,1092,1113]" collectionCode="AMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">AMNH 451855</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
, adult male, collected on
<collectingCounty id="4A314E3A9E5BFF93FEAD7078FE2A1235" box="[286,476,1122,1144]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">Mount Sabinyo</collectingCounty>
(5
<collectingMunicipality id="4334ACCC9E5BFF93FDA47078FD741235" box="[535,642,1122,1144]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">Sabjingo</collectingMunicipality>
),
<quantity id="64179B539E5BFF93FF337065FF3912D9" box="[128,207,1151,1172]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="2700.0">
<elevation id="28C2D1859E5BFF93FF337065FF3912D9" box="[128,207,1151,1172]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C6DB50719E5BFF93FF6D7065FED912D9" box="[222,303,1151,1172]" degrees="01.22" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" precision="555" value="-1.22">01.22S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C6DB50719E5BFF93FE8F7065FE7B12D8" box="[316,397,1151,1173]" degrees="29.36" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" precision="555" value="29.36">29.36E</geoCoordinate>
(
<location id="A630606D9E5BFF93FE2D7065FE1012D8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4687A09E5BFF93FF007750FE311092:A630606D9E5BFF93FE2D7065FE1012D8" box="[414,486,1151,1173]" country="Uganda" county="Mount Sabinyo" latitude="-1.22" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="29.36" municipality="Sabjingo" name="Times" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" stateProvince="Kinshasa">Times</location>
atlas), on the border of
<collectingCountry id="DBF876269E5BFF93FE9C7086FE7A12FF" box="[303,396,1180,1202]" name="Uganda" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">Uganda</collectingCountry>
/Congo (
<collectingRegion id="612BF8549E5BFF93FDA37086FD8B12FF" box="[528,637,1180,1202]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Kinshasa" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">Kinshasa</collectingRegion>
)/
<collectingCountry id="DBF876269E5BFF93FF3370A0FF13129D" box="[128,229,1210,1232]" name="Rwanda" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">Rwanda</collectingCountry>
, on
<date id="D75110769E5BFF93FE9170A0FE091282" box="[290,511,1210,1232]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" value="1907-09-01">
<collectingDate id="C715E99E9E5BFF93FE9170A0FE091282" box="[290,511,1210,1232]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" value="1907-09-01">1 September 1907</collectingDate>
</date>
, by
<location id="A630606D9E5BFF93FD8870A0FF2212A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4687A09E5BFF93FF007750FE311092:A630606D9E5BFF93FD8870A0FF2212A1" country="Uganda" county="Mount Sabinyo" latitude="-1.22" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="29.36" municipality="Sabjingo" name="Rudolf Grauer" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" stateProvince="Kinshasa">Rudolf Grauer</location>
(no. 1136).
<location id="A630606D9E5BFF93FE3170CDFE3312A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B4687A09E5BFF93FF007750FE311092:A630606D9E5BFF93FE3170CDFE3312A1" box="[386,453,1239,1260]" country="Uganda" county="Mount Sabinyo" latitude="-1.22" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="29.36" municipality="Sabjingo" name="From" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" stateProvince="Kinshasa">From</location>
the Rothschild Collection.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EBF5653D9E5BFF93FF2F710AFE311092" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="A35036B69E5BFF93FF2F710AFED31062" blockId="95.[128,654,1091,1759]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">
COMMENTS: Neumann designated as type the only specimen in the Rothschild Collection collected by Grauer on Mount ‘‘Sabjingo.’’ He gave the range as the western
<collectingRegion id="612BF8549E5BFF93FF33719DFF4D13D0" box="[128,187,1415,1437]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Sud-Kivu" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">Kivu</collectingRegion>
Volcanoes, and three additional specimens may be considered
<typeStatus id="7C5488149E5BFF93FE0371BFFDD313F7" box="[432,549,1445,1466]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FD8071BEFEC6139B" bold="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">AMNH 451856–451858</emphasis>
, two males and one unsexed, collected west of Vulcane, on
<date id="D75110769E5BFF93FE6571C5FD7C13B9" box="[470,650,1503,1525]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" value="1907-10-02">2 October 1907</date>
, by Grauer. I did not find AMNH
<quantity id="64179B539E5BFF93FDAF71E6FD78105F" box="[540,654,1532,1554]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1477193199999998" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" unit="in" value="451858.0">451858 in</quantity>
the collection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A35036B69E5BFF93FF2E722DFE311092" blockId="95.[128,654,1091,1759]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">
Since
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FF5A722DFDC11000" author="Prigogine, A." box="[233,567,1591,1613]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" pagination="305 - 384" refId="ref125881" refString="Prigogine, A. 1980. Etude de quelques contacts secondaires au Zaire oriental. Le Gerfaut 70: 305 - 384." type="journal article" year="1980">Prigogine’s (1980: 370–372)</bibRefCitation>
study,
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5BFF93FF33724FFF271027" box="[128,209,1621,1642]" class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Lagonosticta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="graueri">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FF33724FFF271027" box="[128,209,1621,1642]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">graueri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5BFF93FF33726BFF3E10C5" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1902" box="[128,200,1649,1672]" class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Estrilda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kandti">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FF33726BFF3E10C5" box="[128,200,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">kandti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5BFF93FEA4726BFEA910C5" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1902" box="[279,351,1649,1672]" class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Estrilda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kandti">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FEA4726BFEA910C5" box="[279,351,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">kandti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
either a subspecies of
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5BFF93FDC77268FDFD10E8" authority="(Dickinson, 2003: 731)" baseAuthorityName="Dickinson" baseAuthorityPageNumber="731" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Estrilda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atricapilla">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FDC77268FF0510E8" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">E. atricapilla</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FEB67295FDF410E8" author="Dickinson, E. C." box="[261,514,1679,1701]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" refId="ref116121" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (editor). 2003. The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world, 3 rd ed. London: Christopher Helm, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson, 2003: 731</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
or a separate species
<taxonomicName id="64EF4D359E5BFF93FEA272B7FE8B108F" authorityName="Reichenow" authorityYear="1902" box="[273,381,1707,1730]" class="Aves" family="Estrildidae" genus="Estrilda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kandti">
<emphasis id="919BEAA49E5BFF93FEA272B7FE8B108F" box="[273,381,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="95">E. kandti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FE2372B6FD7C108C" author="Fry, C. H. &amp; S. Keith" box="[400,650,1708,1730]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" refId="ref116661" refString="Fry, C. H., and S. Keith (editors). 2004. The birds of Africa, vol. 7. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, xxi + 666 pp., 36 pls." type="book" year="2004">Fry and Keith, 2004</bibRefCitation>
, 308–309;
<bibRefCitation id="C77E4B479E5BFF93FF5C72D0FE4C1092" author="Payne, R. B." box="[239,442,1737,1759]" pageId="95" pageNumber="95" pagination="299 - 377" refId="ref124981" refString="Payne, R. B. 2010. Family Estrildidae (waxbills), species accounts. In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world, vol. 15, weavers to New World warblers: 299 - 377. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., photographs." type="book chapter" year="2010">Payne, 2010: 321</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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