431 lines
58 KiB
XML
431 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="EE0F3DA32513B66CA6CA3C5AAE8F0515" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2017.1347297" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5182650" ID-ZooBank="671922DB-C6C1-44A5-B2CD-A3A3127CB668" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1628706896544" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dayrat, Benoît, Goulding, Tricia C., Apte, Deepak, Bhave, Vishal & Ngô Xuân, Qu ảng" docDate="2017" docId="0228E761BB1EB070FE5EFAA8835A4B7C" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.51.31-32.1851-1897.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 51 (31 - 32)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1347297" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Melayonchis annae Dayrat 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="2E2FDB0D-CC99-4619-AADF-4DB5F9381183" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1885" masterDocId="FE119F19BB02B053FFE2FF8181714955" masterDocTitle="A new genus and four new species of onchidiid slugs from South-East Asia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Onchidiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="1897" masterPageNumber="1851" pageNumber="1878" updateTime="1699050290230" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9975C950AE36031E582115807540EF5E">
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<mods:title id="679C29E18C8812F654A3B78B3FF09452">A new genus and four new species of onchidiid slugs from South-East Asia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Onchidiidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B71A46C8C43A7E9B17AAE8CB6E4A0C0C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="78AFAC5656346DF62F4C4281A111C210">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="72CEA53EAEE51D07A78B94BA81C2A79D">Dayrat, Benoît</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0901B58A3C5AF5F11FD9D140B2E2D2F6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="77A3938E03C64396AF61894219A71C95">Goulding, Tricia C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="030CB21BB3C7FAC06F0715A4C56B27CA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="16E382B580B77BA97972D12DBDCD01DB">Apte, Deepak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="281F80FA0EEA665BBFE760DA3EADFF7D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0B41F74874963CE74B4420BFDB0F70E5">Bhave, Vishal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="C4B352F27ABCB31AFE455BEDD7F1FE7A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DC0809E5975F10D33FCA267C2B676124">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="726581C9E0A5CDB0323F8BD725AE4936">Ngô Xuân, Qu ảng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="62F89CF166AF0028B055C6510F096C8C">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="939808F93048038E317AC248E509F38A">
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<mods:date id="F3120A411029497FA25C4942DE14747A">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="4FADD4ED4C17E04F05AC3D68A05DFC11">J. Nat. Hist.</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="DA85243E82CB82D9B8FBD5C43359C334">2017-07-27</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="458D512CBD09F9C3090C25ECF82118A1" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B74BB79E11FAD30F974C8A193A791691">51</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="625E9E133CA19AB5E1BD8C5B74AC65A0">31 - 32</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A1B60DE22245A650F2C4BC84BA7A97A8">1851</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="0B911D66FB17CE8F10923E6E337CC6C2">1897</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="6C35E7A7866A4CA1E5C46EC685C5FDC1">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1347297</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="69FADDD011D0120AEED8004D838857F8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="33DF183AE595CE582A0FEFFD2F3C8118" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2017.1347297</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="39E6D98144FF3DE3832209F622B4EF2C" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3150AA1663071C7F5D3D788C9F0ACF0D" type="Zenodo-Dep">5182650</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5556B5FAF7792A56692719FFED8B6E55" type="ZooBank">671922DB-C6C1-44A5-B2CD-A3A3127CB668</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0228E761BB1EB070FE5EFAA8835A4B7C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5191656" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5191656" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2E2FDB0D-CC99-4619-AADF-4DB5F9381183" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0228E761BB1EB070FE5EFAA8835A4B7C" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="1885" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">
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<subSubSection id="C29B05FCBB1EB04FFE5EFAA882164C17" box="[444,871,1321,1346]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1EB04FFE5EFAA882164C17" blockId="28.[444,871,1321,1376]" box="[444,871,1321,1346]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">
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<heading id="D176E11BBB1EB04FFE5EFAA882164C17" box="[444,871,1321,1346]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1EB04FFE5EFAA882704C17" ID-CoL="3ZDG2" authority="Dayrat" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[444,769,1321,1346]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1EB04FFE5EFAA883DA4C17" bold="true" box="[444,683,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">Melayonchis annae</emphasis>
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Dayrat
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3C6371EBB1EB04FFCE8FAA882164C17" box="[778,871,1321,1346]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C29B05FCBB1EB04FFDD9FAC983984C35" box="[571,745,1351,1376]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1EB04FFDD9FAC983984C35" blockId="28.[444,871,1321,1376]" box="[571,745,1351,1376]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">
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(
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<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB1EB04FFDA0FAC983914C35" box="[578,736,1351,1376]" captionStart-0="Figure 16" captionStart-1="Figure 17" captionStart-2="Figure 18" captionStart-3="Figure 19" captionStartId-0="30.[160,225,1355,1378]" captionStartId-1="32.[160,225,1230,1253]" captionStartId-2="33.[160,225,1137,1160]" captionStartId-3="33.[160,225,1675,1698]" captionTargetBox-0="[163,1152,129,1317]" captionTargetBox-1="[163,1153,143,1199]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1152,142,1105]" captionTargetBox-3="[163,1152,1328,1644]" captionTargetId-0="figure-1@30.[163,1152,129,1324]" captionTargetId-1="figure-140@32.[163,1153,142,1199]" captionTargetId-2="figure-31@33.[163,1152,142,1106]" captionTargetId-3="figure-1@33.[163,1152,1328,1644]" captionTargetPageId-0="30" captionTargetPageId-1="32" captionTargetPageId-2="33" captionTargetPageId-3="33" captionText-0="Figure 16. Habitat and live specimens, Melayonchis annae. (a) Singapore, Mandai River, open mangrove forest with tall trees and soft mud (station 6).(b) Holotype, dorsal view,32 mm long [DNA 1010],Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6502). (c) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (d) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore, (ZRC.MOL.6503). (e) Ventral view, 25 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (f) Dorsal view, 20 mm long [DNA 1045], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH). (g) Dorsal view, 26 mm long [DNA 1046], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH)." captionText-1="Figure 17. Melayonchis annae, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #1). (a) Digestive system. (b) Posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system. (c) Anterior, male apparatus. Abbreviations: dd, deferent duct; ddg, dorsal lobe of digestive gland; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; hg, hermaphroditic gland; i, intestine; ldg, lateral lobe of the digestive gland; ov, oviduct; pdg, posterior lobe of the digestive gland; ps, penial sheath; rg, rectal gland; rm, retractor muscle; rs, receptaculum seminis; sp, spermatheca; spv, spermoviduct; st, stomach. Scale bar: a = 3 mm; b = 2.5 mm; c = 2 mm." captionText-2="Figure 18. Radula, Melayonchis annae, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #2). (a) Median region of left half rows. (b) Rachidian and innermost lateral teeth. (c) Lateral teeth, inferior view. (d) Outermost lateral teeth. (e) Lateral teeth. The arrows indicate the lateral protuberance which is characteristic of the teeth in Melayonchis. Scale bars: a = 100 μm; b, d, e = 20 μm; c = 4 μm." captionText-3="Figure 19. Penis, Melayonchis annae. (a) Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #2). (b) Penis, Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH, #1). Scale bars: a = 60 μm; b = 100 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182682" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182684" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182686" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182688" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5182682/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5182684/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5182686/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5182688/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">Figures 16–19</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C29B05FCBB1EB04EFF42FA2183464F2F" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="1879" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1EB04FFF42FA2180464CEC" blockId="28.[160,1155,1440,1569]" box="[160,311,1440,1465]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">
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<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1EB04FFF42FA2180464CEC" bold="true" box="[160,311,1440,1465]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">Type locality</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1EB04FFF42FA42826D4F74" blockId="28.[160,1155,1440,1569]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">
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<materialsCitation id="3AE95C2ABB1EB04FFF42FA4282694F74" collectingDate="2010-04-05" country="Singapore" latitude="1.4464166" location="Lim Chu Kang" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.70885" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry id="F29616E7BB1EB04FFF42FA4280644C8E" box="[160,277,1475,1499]" name="Singapore" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="8F5E00ACBB1EB04FFEFDFA4280CE4C8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0228E761BB1EB070FE5EFAA8835A4B7C:8F5E00ACBB1EB04FFEFDFA4280CE4C8E" box="[287,447,1475,1499]" country="Singapore" latitude="1.4464166" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.70885" name="Lim Chu Kang" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">Lim Chu Kang</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EFB530B0BB1EB04FFE2BFA4283264C8E" box="[457,599,1475,1499]" degrees="01" direction="north" minutes="26.785" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" precision="1" value="1.4464166">
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01°26.785
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<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1EB04FFDD5FA42834C4C8E" bold="true" box="[567,573,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">ʹ</emphasis>
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N
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EFB530B0BB1EB04FFD80FA4282734C8E" box="[610,770,1475,1499]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="42.531" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" precision="1" value="103.70885">
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103° 42.531
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<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1EB04FFD07FA42839A4C8E" bold="true" box="[741,747,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">ʹ</emphasis>
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E
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="FE3F70B7BB1EB04FFCEEFA4282E54C8E" box="[780,916,1475,1499]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" value="2010-04-05">
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<collectingDate id="EE7B895FBB1EB04FFCEEFA4282E54C8E" box="[780,916,1475,1499]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" value="2010-04-05">5 April 2010</collectingDate>
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</date>
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[station 9, mangrove East of the jetty; open forest with medium trees and medium mud, ending on sunexposed mudflat outside the mangrove with soft mud]
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1EB04FFF42F9E080344F2F" blockId="28.[160,1155,1633,1727]" box="[160,325,1633,1658]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">
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<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1EB04FFF42F9E080344F2F" bold="true" box="[160,325,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">Type material</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1EB04FFF42F90485484FEA" blockId="28.[160,1155,1633,1727]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">
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<materialsCitation id="3AE95C2ABB1EB04FFF42F90485484FEA" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="B. Dayrat & S. K. Tan" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="553AE8D5BB1EB04FFF42F90480784FC8" box="[160,265,1669,1693]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, designated here:
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<specimenCount id="9C879DFEBB1EB04FFE3CF904830F4FC8" box="[478,638,1669,1693]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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||
32/20 [DNA 1010] mm, in formalin and 70% alcohol, with a piece in 95% alcohol, leg.
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<collectorName id="277433A1BB1EB04FFD9EF92683924FEA" box="[636,739,1703,1727]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">B. Dayrat</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName id="277433A1BB1EB04FFCFDF92682064FEA" box="[799,887,1703,1727]" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">S.K. Tan</collectorName>
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||
(
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<collectionCode id="EC90CEB2BB1EB04FFC64F92682CB4FEA" box="[902,954,1703,1727]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="28" pageNumber="1878">ZRC</collectionCode>
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.MOL.6502).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DEFE06FFBB1FB04EFF42FBC5804D4DE6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182680" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5182680" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182680/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" startId="29.[160,225,1092,1115]" targetBox="[163,1152,142,1061]" targetPageId="29">
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||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1FB04EFF42FBC5804D4DE6" blockId="29.[160,1157,1092,1203]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">
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||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1FB04EFF42FBC5807A4D0E" bold="true" box="[160,267,1092,1115]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">Figure 15.</emphasis>
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Anterior, male apparatus,
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<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1FB04EFDC2FBC5838C4D0E" authorityName="Dayrat and Goulding" authorityYear="2017" box="[544,765,1092,1115]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="siongkiati">
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<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1FB04EFDC2FBC5838C4D0E" box="[544,765,1092,1115]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">Melayonchis siongkiati</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. (a) Hollow spine of penial accessory gland, Brunei Darussalam, station 30 (BDMNH, #1). (b) Hollow spine of penial accessory gland, Malaysia (USMMC 00016, #1). (c) Penis, Malaysia (USMMC 00016, #2). (d) Penis, same as (b). Scale bars = 100 μm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1FB04EFF42FA8783744C4A" blockId="29.[160,1156,1286,1658]" box="[160,517,1286,1311]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">
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||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1FB04EFF42FA8783744C4A" bold="true" box="[160,517,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">Additional material examined</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1FB04EFF42FAAB83464F2F" blockId="29.[160,1156,1286,1658]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">
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<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1FB04EFF42FAAB806A4C17" bold="true" box="[160,283,1322,1346]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">
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||
<collectingCountry id="F29616E7BB1FB04EFF42FAAB806A4C17" box="[160,283,1322,1346]" name="Singapore" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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, Mandai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EFB530B0BB1FB04EFE64FAAB837F4C17" box="[390,526,1322,1346]" degrees="01" direction="north" minutes="26.237" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" precision="1" value="1.4372833">01°26.237 N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EFB530B0BB1FB04EFDFBFAAB83C34C17" box="[537,690,1322,1346]" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="45.730" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" precision="1" value="103.76217">103° 45.730 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FE3F70B7BB1FB04EFD59FAAB82354C17" box="[699,836,1322,1346]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" value="2010-04-02">2 April 2010</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9C879DFEBB1FB04EFCACFAAB82974C17" box="[846,998,1322,1346]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(33/22 [#1] to 18/
|
||
<quantity id="4D79FB92BB1FB04EFF26FACC80624C30" box="[196,275,1357,1381]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
|
||
[#2]; 18/15 [DNA 1008] and 22/15 [DNA 1009] mm), leg. B. Dayrat and S.K. Tan [station 6, following the river from the railroad towards sea, open mangrove forest with tall trees and soft mud, ending on sun-exposed mudflat outside the mangrove with very soft mud, heavily polluted with trash] (
|
||
<collectionCode id="EC90CEB2BB1FB04EFD97FA3483D84C98" box="[629,681,1461,1485]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.MOL.6503);
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1FB04EFCD6FA34856D4C98" bold="true" box="[820,1052,1461,1485]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F29616E7BB1FB04EFCD6FA34856D4C98" box="[820,1052,1461,1485]" name="Brunei" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">Brunei Darussalam</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, Mentiri, Jalan Batu Marang,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EFB530B0BB1FB04EFE60FA5683634CBA" box="[386,530,1495,1519]" degrees="04" direction="north" minutes="59.131" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" precision="1" value="4.9855165">
|
||
04°59.131
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1FB04EFE12FA5680874CBA" bold="true" box="[496,502,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">ʹ</emphasis>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EFB530B0BB1FB04EFDFDFA5683CB4CBA" box="[543,698,1495,1519]" degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="01.820" orientation="longitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" precision="1" value="115.030334">
|
||
115°01.820
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1FB04EFD79FA5683D04CBA" bold="true" box="[667,673,1495,1519]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">ʹ</emphasis>
|
||
E
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FE3F70B7BB1FB04EFD24FA5682294CBA" box="[710,856,1495,1519]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" value="2011-07-29">29 July 2011</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9C879DFEBB1FB04EFC86FA56828E4CBA" box="[868,1023,1495,1519]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" type="generic">16 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(32/19 [#1] to 10/7 [#2] mm; 26/15 [DNA 1046] and 20/12 [DNA 1045] mm), leg. B. Dayrat,
|
||
<collectionCode id="EC90CEB2BB1FB04EFB92FA7B85F14F47" box="[1136,1152,1530,1554]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">T</collectionCode>
|
||
. Goulding and S. Calloway [station 34, old mangrove with tall
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1FB04EFC64F99C85734F60" box="[902,1026,1565,1589]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1FB04EFC64F99C85734F60" box="[902,1026,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">Rhizophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees with high roots and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1FB04EFEB6F9BE80B64F02" box="[340,455,1599,1623]" class="Malacostraca" family="Thalassinidae" genus="Thalassina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1FB04EFEB6F9BE80B64F02" box="[340,455,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">Thalassina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mounds, but specimens collected on cemented walls at the margin of the mangrove] (
|
||
<collectionCode id="EC90CEB2BB1FB04EFE2CF9E3835C4F2F" box="[462,557,1634,1658]" pageId="29" pageNumber="1879">BDMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DEFE06FFBB1CB04DFF42FACA826D4CA0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182682" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5182682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182682/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="1880" startId="30.[160,225,1355,1378]" targetBox="[163,1152,129,1317]" targetPageId="30">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1CB04DFF42FACA826D4CA0" blockId="30.[160,1156,1355,1525]" pageId="30" pageNumber="1880">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1CB04DFF42FACA807B4C37" bold="true" box="[160,266,1355,1378]" pageId="30" pageNumber="1880">Figure 16.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitat and live specimens,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1CB04DFDFCFACA83BF4C37" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[542,718,1355,1378]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="30" pageNumber="1880" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1CB04DFDFCFACA83BF4C37" box="[542,718,1355,1378]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="1880">Melayonchis annae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (a) Singapore, Mandai River, open mangrove forest with tall trees and soft mud (station 6). (b) Holotype, dorsal view, 32 mm long [DNA 1010], Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6502). (c) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (d) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore, (ZRC.MOL.6503). (e) Ventral view, 25 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (f) Dorsal view, 20 mm long [DNA 1045], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH). (g) Dorsal view, 26 mm long [DNA 1046], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C29B05FCBB1DB04CFF42FF0F83BB499F" box="[160,714,142,202]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FF0F805D49F2" blockId="31.[160,714,142,202]" box="[160,300,142,167]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFF42FF0F805D49F2" bold="true" box="[160,300,142,167]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FF3383BB499F" blockId="31.[160,714,142,202]" box="[160,714,178,202]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3AE95C2ABB1DB04CFF42FF3383B7499F" box="[160,710,178,202]" country="Singapore" location="Singapore" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F29616E7BB1DB04CFF42FF338063499F" box="[160,274,178,202]" name="Singapore" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="553AE8D5BB1DB04CFEC3FF338025499F" box="[289,340,178,202]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality) and Brunei Darussalam
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C29B05FCBB1DB070FF42FF77835A4B7C" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="1885" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FF77806C485A" blockId="31.[160,1155,246,340]" box="[160,285,246,271]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFF42FF77806C485A" bold="true" box="[160,285,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FE9B85734801" blockId="31.[160,1155,246,340]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1DB04CFF42FE9B80044867" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[160,373,282,306]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFF42FE9B80044867" box="[160,373,282,306]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Melayonchis annae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is dedicated to Anna Dayrat, for the time that her father (the first author) has to spend away from her, exploring mangroves and missing her.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FE0080E248CF" blockId="31.[160,1155,385,548]" box="[160,403,385,410]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFF42FE0080E248CF" bold="true" box="[160,403,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
Habitat (
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB1DB04CFEE9FE0080FB48CF" box="[267,394,385,410]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="30.[160,225,1355,1378]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,129,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-1@30.[163,1152,129,1324]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 16. Habitat and live specimens, Melayonchis annae. (a) Singapore, Mandai River, open mangrove forest with tall trees and soft mud (station 6).(b) Holotype, dorsal view,32 mm long [DNA 1010],Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6502). (c) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (d) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore, (ZRC.MOL.6503). (e) Ventral view, 25 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (f) Dorsal view, 20 mm long [DNA 1045], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH). (g) Dorsal view, 26 mm long [DNA 1046], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182682/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Figure 16a</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FE25801F4B71" blockId="31.[160,1155,385,548]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1DB04CFF42FE25800248E9" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[160,371,420,444]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFF42FE25800248E9" box="[160,371,420,444]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Melayonchis annae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in the high intertidal. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F29616E7BB1DB04CFD1AFE25821C48E9" box="[760,877,420,444]" name="Singapore" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it was found quite high on tree trunks. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F29616E7BB1DB04CFE8CFE468335488A" box="[366,580,455,479]" name="Brunei" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Brunei Darussalam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it was found on rocks and cemented walls at the margin of an old
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1DB04CFE84FE6B80934B57" box="[358,482,490,514]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFE84FE6B80934B57" box="[358,482,490,514]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Rhizophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest. So far, it has not been found directly on mud, or on muddy dead logs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FDD080574B3F" blockId="31.[160,1156,593,756]" box="[160,294,593,618]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFF42FDD080574B3F" bold="true" box="[160,294,593,618]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Abundance</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FDF582224BA1" blockId="31.[160,1156,593,756]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1DB04CFF42FDF580004BD9" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[160,369,628,652]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFF42FDF580004BD9" box="[160,369,628,652]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Melayonchis annae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a rare species. We found it only at three of the dozens of mangrove sites that we visited in the region. However, in two of three sites, we found a reasonable number of specimens (more than 10) without difficulty (animals which live high on trunks and on rocks just outside mangroves are not cryptic).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FCA082414A6F" blockId="31.[160,1156,801,1589]" box="[160,816,801,826]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFF42FCA082414A6F" bold="true" box="[160,816,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
Colour and morphology of live animals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB1DB04CFD69FCA082594A6F" box="[651,808,801,826]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="30.[160,225,1355,1378]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,129,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-1@30.[163,1152,129,1324]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 16. Habitat and live specimens, Melayonchis annae. (a) Singapore, Mandai River, open mangrove forest with tall trees and soft mud (station 6).(b) Holotype, dorsal view,32 mm long [DNA 1010],Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6502). (c) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (d) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore, (ZRC.MOL.6503). (e) Ventral view, 25 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (f) Dorsal view, 20 mm long [DNA 1045], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH). (g) Dorsal view, 26 mm long [DNA 1046], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182682/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Figure 16b–g</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42FCC480FE4D1A" blockId="31.[160,1156,801,1589]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
Live animals are not covered dorsally with a thin layer of muddy mucus and the colour of their dorsal notum can readily be seen. The dorsal notum is irregularly mottled with cream, light brown, and dark brown areas. The colour of the hyponotum varies between cream to light grey. Because it is lightly coloured, its margin is not marked by a significantly lighter ring. The foot is cream (
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB1DB04CFD4EFC4E82594AB2" box="[684,808,975,999]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="30.[160,225,1355,1378]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,129,1317]" captionTargetId="figure-1@30.[163,1152,129,1324]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="Figure 16. Habitat and live specimens, Melayonchis annae. (a) Singapore, Mandai River, open mangrove forest with tall trees and soft mud (station 6).(b) Holotype, dorsal view,32 mm long [DNA 1010],Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6502). (c) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (d) Two individuals, dorsal view, 30 mm long, Singapore, (ZRC.MOL.6503). (e) Ventral view, 25 mm long, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503). (f) Dorsal view, 20 mm long [DNA 1045], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH). (g) Dorsal view, 26 mm long [DNA 1046], Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182682" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182682/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Figure 16e</figureCitation>
|
||
). The brown ocular tentacles are short and extend for only a few millimetres beyond the notum margin when the animal crawls undisturbed. The head is small and remains covered by the dorsal notum as the animal crawls.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF22FBDB80FD4F60" blockId="31.[160,1156,801,1589]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
The body is not flattened. The dorsal notum is elongated, oval. The dorsal notum is not particularly thick. Its surface, when the animal is undisturbed, is not smooth. Dorsal gills are absent. Large papillae are absent but small conical papillae are present. From eight to 12 of those papillae bear a black ‘dorsal eye’ which, when the animal is undisturbed, seems to form a slight bump. A slightly larger, central papilla bears three black ‘dorsal eyes’. In addition, the notum is finely granular throughout. When the animal is disturbed (typically, if one touches its dorsum), all papillae tend to retract but the dorsal notum remains finely granular. It may also excrete an oily mucus when disturbed, but not as frequently as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB1DB04CFC6AFAEE85674CD2" authorityName="Dayrat and Goulding" authorityYear="2017" box="[904,1046,1391,1415]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="siongkiati">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFC6AFAEE85674CD2" box="[904,1046,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">M. siongkiati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in a much smaller amount. When disturbed, animals do not coil up into a sphere. Crawling individuals can measure up to
|
||
<quantity id="4D79FB92BB1DB04CFD6AFA3483AE4C98" box="[648,735,1461,1485]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
|
||
, but most of them measure about
|
||
<quantity id="4D79FB92BB1DB04CFF42FA5680394CBA" box="[160,328,1495,1519]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20 to 25 mm</quantity>
|
||
on average. Preserved specimens no longer display the distinctive colour traits of live animals. The ventral colour, in particular, is homogeneously whitish or creamish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42F9E083304F2F" blockId="31.[160,1155,1633,1727]" box="[160,577,1633,1658]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB1DB04CFF42F9E083304F2F" bold="true" box="[160,577,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">Visceral cavity and pallial complex</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB1DB04CFF42F904801A4FEA" blockId="31.[160,1155,1633,1727]" pageId="31" pageNumber="1881">The kidney and the lung are slightly asymmetrical, the right part being slightly longer than the left part.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DEFE06FFBB22B073FF42FB4F85F54C22" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182684" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5182684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182684/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882" startId="32.[160,225,1230,1253]" targetBox="[163,1153,143,1199]" targetPageId="32">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB22B073FF42FB4F85F54C22" blockId="32.[160,1157,1230,1399]" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB22B073FF42FB4F807F4DB0" bold="true" box="[160,270,1230,1253]" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882">Figure 17.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB22B073FEF5FB4F80A04DB0" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[279,465,1230,1253]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB22B073FEF5FB4F80A04DB0" box="[279,465,1230,1253]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882">Melayonchis annae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #1). (a) Digestive system. (b) Posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system. (c) Anterior, male apparatus. Abbreviations: dd, deferent duct; ddg, dorsal lobe of digestive gland; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; hg, hermaphroditic gland; i, intestine; ldg, lateral lobe of the digestive gland; ov, oviduct; pdg, posterior lobe of the digestive gland; ps, penial sheath; rg, rectal gland; rm, retractor muscle; rs, receptaculum seminis; sp, spermatheca; spv, spermoviduct; st, stomach. Scale bar: a = 3 mm; b = 2.5 mm; c = 2 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB22B073FF42FA3283484C99" blockId="32.[160,1156,1459,1726]" box="[160,569,1459,1484]" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB22B073FF42FA3283484C99" bold="true" box="[160,569,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882">
|
||
Digestive system (
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB22B073FE9BFA3283754C99" box="[377,516,1459,1484]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="32.[160,225,1230,1253]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,143,1199]" captionTargetId="figure-140@32.[163,1153,142,1199]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 17. Melayonchis annae, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #1). (a) Digestive system. (b) Posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system. (c) Anterior, male apparatus. Abbreviations: dd, deferent duct; ddg, dorsal lobe of digestive gland; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; hg, hermaphroditic gland; i, intestine; ldg, lateral lobe of the digestive gland; ov, oviduct; pdg, posterior lobe of the digestive gland; ps, penial sheath; rg, rectal gland; rm, retractor muscle; rs, receptaculum seminis; sp, spermatheca; spv, spermoviduct; st, stomach. Scale bar: a = 3 mm; b = 2.5 mm; c = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182684/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882">Figures 17a</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB22B073FDF6FA3283404C99" box="[532,561,1459,1484]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="33.[160,225,1137,1160]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,142,1105]" captionTargetId="figure-31@33.[163,1152,142,1106]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 18. Radula, Melayonchis annae, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #2). (a) Median region of left half rows. (b) Rachidian and innermost lateral teeth. (c) Lateral teeth, inferior view. (d) Outermost lateral teeth. (e) Lateral teeth. The arrows indicate the lateral protuberance which is characteristic of the teeth in Melayonchis. Scale bars: a = 100 μm; b, d, e = 20 μm; c = 4 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182686/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882">18</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB22B071FF42FA5682F049B9" blockId="32.[160,1156,1459,1726]" lastBlockId="34.[160,1155,142,236]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="1884" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882">
|
||
Examples of radular formulae are (
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB22B073FDC4FA5683E14CBA" box="[550,656,1495,1519]" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="33.[160,225,1137,1160]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,142,1105]" captionTargetId="figure-31@33.[163,1152,142,1106]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 18. Radula, Melayonchis annae, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #2). (a) Median region of left half rows. (b) Rachidian and innermost lateral teeth. (c) Lateral teeth, inferior view. (d) Outermost lateral teeth. (e) Lateral teeth. The arrows indicate the lateral protuberance which is characteristic of the teeth in Melayonchis. Scale bars: a = 100 μm; b, d, e = 20 μm; c = 4 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182686/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882">Figure 18</figureCitation>
|
||
): 95 × (280–1–280) in BDMNH station 34 #1 (
|
||
<quantity id="4D79FB92BB22B073FF44FA7881894F44" box="[166,248,1529,1553]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
||
long), 65 × (185–1–185) in BDMNH station 34 #2 (
|
||
<quantity id="4D79FB92BB22B073FCDEFA7882FF4F44" box="[828,910,1529,1553]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long), 100 × (290–1– 290) in ZRC.MOL.6503 #1 (
|
||
<quantity id="4D79FB92BB22B073FE38F99D835E4F61" box="[474,559,1564,1588]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
|
||
long), and 90 × (260–1–260) in ZRC.MOL.6503 #2 (
|
||
<quantity id="4D79FB92BB22B073FF44F9BF81894F03" box="[166,248,1598,1622]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="32" pageNumber="1882" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
|
||
long). The length of the rachidian teeth is about 25 µm, significantly less than that of the lateral teeth. Along a half row, all the lateral teeth do not have exactly the same length and shape. The length of the hook of the lateral teeth gradually increases (from innermost to outermost) from about 40 to 50 µm, excluding the first few (about 5) innermost and outermost lateral teeth which are significantly smaller than the rest of the lateral teeth. Finally, the tip of the hook of the lateral teeth is round throughout the entire half row. The pattern of its loops is of
|
||
<typeStatus id="553AE8D5BB20B071FD46FF5583A749B9" box="[676,726,212,236]" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">type</typeStatus>
|
||
II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB20B071FD1EFF55820549B9" box="[764,884,212,236]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="32.[160,225,1230,1253]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,143,1199]" captionTargetId="figure-140@32.[163,1153,142,1199]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 17. Melayonchis annae, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #1). (a) Digestive system. (b) Posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system. (c) Anterior, male apparatus. Abbreviations: dd, deferent duct; ddg, dorsal lobe of digestive gland; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; hg, hermaphroditic gland; i, intestine; ldg, lateral lobe of the digestive gland; ov, oviduct; pdg, posterior lobe of the digestive gland; ps, penial sheath; rg, rectal gland; rm, retractor muscle; rs, receptaculum seminis; sp, spermatheca; spv, spermoviduct; st, stomach. Scale bar: a = 3 mm; b = 2.5 mm; c = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182684/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Figure 17a</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DEFE06FFBB23B072FF42FBF082F44DB4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182686" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5182686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182686/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883" startId="33.[160,225,1137,1160]" targetBox="[163,1152,142,1105]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB23B072FF42FBF082F44DB4" blockId="33.[160,1155,1137,1249]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB23B072FF42FBF080794DDD" bold="true" box="[160,264,1137,1160]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883">Figure 18.</emphasis>
|
||
Radula,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB23B072FE83FBF0836B4DDD" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[353,538,1137,1160]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB23B072FE83FBF0836B4DDD" box="[353,538,1137,1160]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883">Melayonchis annae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #2). (a) Median region of left half rows. (b) Rachidian and innermost lateral teeth. (c) Lateral teeth, inferior view. (d) Outermost lateral teeth. (e) Lateral teeth. The arrows indicate the lateral protuberance which is characteristic of the teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB23B072FF15FB4B801C4DB4" authorityName="Dayrat and Goulding" authorityYear="2017" box="[247,365,1226,1249]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB23B072FF15FB4B801C4DB4" box="[247,365,1226,1249]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883">Melayonchis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars: a = 100 μm; b, d, e = 20 μm; c = 4 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DEFE06FFBB23B072FF42F90A83E94FEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182688" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5182688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182688/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883" startId="33.[160,225,1675,1698]" targetBox="[163,1152,1328,1644]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB23B072FF42F90A83E94FEA" blockId="33.[160,1155,1675,1727]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB23B072FF42F90A80764FF7" bold="true" box="[160,263,1675,1698]" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883">Figure 19.</emphasis>
|
||
Penis,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB23B072FEADF90A83794FF7" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[335,520,1675,1698]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB23B072FEADF90A83794FF7" box="[335,520,1675,1698]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="1883">Melayonchis annae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (a) Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #2). (b) Penis, Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH, #1). Scale bars: a = 60 μm; b = 100 μm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB20B071FF42FEAC83F24813" blockId="34.[160,1156,301,707]" box="[160,643,301,326]" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB20B071FF42FEAC83F24813" bold="true" box="[160,643,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">
|
||
Reproductive system (
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB20B071FE45FEAC833F4813" box="[423,590,301,326]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="32.[160,225,1230,1253]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,143,1199]" captionTargetId="figure-140@32.[163,1153,142,1199]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 17. Melayonchis annae, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #1). (a) Digestive system. (b) Posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system. (c) Anterior, male apparatus. Abbreviations: dd, deferent duct; ddg, dorsal lobe of digestive gland; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; hg, hermaphroditic gland; i, intestine; ldg, lateral lobe of the digestive gland; ov, oviduct; pdg, posterior lobe of the digestive gland; ps, penial sheath; rg, rectal gland; rm, retractor muscle; rs, receptaculum seminis; sp, spermatheca; spv, spermoviduct; st, stomach. Scale bar: a = 3 mm; b = 2.5 mm; c = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182684/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Figures 17b, c</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB20B071FDBCFEAC830A4813" box="[606,635,301,326]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="33.[160,225,1675,1698]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,1328,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-1@33.[163,1152,1328,1644]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 19. Penis, Melayonchis annae. (a) Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #2). (b) Penis, Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH, #1). Scale bars: a = 60 μm; b = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182688/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">19</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB20B071FF42FED0839848FB" blockId="34.[160,1156,301,707]" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">
|
||
There is a small, oval, slightly bent receptaculum seminalis (caecum) along the hermaphroditic duct. The oval spermatheca (for the storage of exosperm) is large and connects to the oviduct through a very short duct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB20B071FD80FE1783AC48FB" box="[610,733,406,430]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="32.[160,225,1230,1253]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,143,1199]" captionTargetId="figure-140@32.[163,1153,142,1199]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 17. Melayonchis annae, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #1). (a) Digestive system. (b) Posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system. (c) Anterior, male apparatus. Abbreviations: dd, deferent duct; ddg, dorsal lobe of digestive gland; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; hg, hermaphroditic gland; i, intestine; ldg, lateral lobe of the digestive gland; ov, oviduct; pdg, posterior lobe of the digestive gland; ps, penial sheath; rg, rectal gland; rm, retractor muscle; rs, receptaculum seminis; sp, spermatheca; spv, spermoviduct; st, stomach. Scale bar: a = 3 mm; b = 2.5 mm; c = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182684/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Figure 17b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB20B070FF22FE38837E499C" blockId="34.[160,1156,301,707]" lastBlockId="35.[160,1156,142,201]" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="1885" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">
|
||
The male anterior organs consist of the penial complex (penis, penial sheath, vestibule, deferent duct, retractor muscle;
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB20B071FDA7FE5A83CB48A6" box="[581,698,475,499]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="32.[160,225,1230,1253]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,143,1199]" captionTargetId="figure-140@32.[163,1153,142,1199]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="Figure 17. Melayonchis annae, Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #1). (a) Digestive system. (b) Posterior, hermaphroditic (female) reproductive system. (c) Anterior, male apparatus. Abbreviations: dd, deferent duct; ddg, dorsal lobe of digestive gland; fgm, female gland mass; hd, hermaphroditic duct; hg, hermaphroditic gland; i, intestine; ldg, lateral lobe of the digestive gland; ov, oviduct; pdg, posterior lobe of the digestive gland; ps, penial sheath; rg, rectal gland; rm, retractor muscle; rs, receptaculum seminis; sp, spermatheca; spv, spermoviduct; st, stomach. Scale bar: a = 3 mm; b = 2.5 mm; c = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182684/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Figure 17c</figureCitation>
|
||
). There is no penial accessory gland. The penial sheath is very short (about
|
||
<quantity id="4D79FB92BB20B071FDDDFE7F83F74B43" box="[575,646,510,534]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length) and straight. The penial sheath protects a penis which consists of a short, slightly conical papilla of about
|
||
<quantity id="4D79FB92BB20B071FC10FDA085394B6C" box="[1010,1096,545,569]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="12BA4AF2BB20B071FF45FDC280634B0E" box="[167,274,579,603]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="33.[160,225,1675,1698]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,1328,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-1@33.[163,1152,1328,1644]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Figure 19. Penis, Melayonchis annae. (a) Singapore (ZRC.MOL.6503, #2). (b) Penis, Brunei Darussalam (BDMNH, #1). Scale bars: a = 60 μm; b = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182688" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182688/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Figure 19</figureCitation>
|
||
). There are no penial hooks. The vestibule is both longer and larger than the penial sheath. The insertion of the retractor muscle marks the separation between the penial sheath and the deferent duct. The retractor muscle is longer than the penial sheath but inserts in the anterior part of the visceral cavity. The deferent duct is highly convoluted with many loops, even though the deferent duct is significantly less convoluted in immature specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DEFE06FFBB20B071FF42F994829F4FEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5182690" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5182690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5182690/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884" startId="34.[160,225,1557,1580]" targetBox="[163,1152,781,1526]" targetPageId="34">
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB20B071FF42F994829F4FEA" blockId="34.[160,1157,1557,1727]" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB20B071FF42F99480784F79" bold="true" box="[160,265,1557,1580]" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Figure 20.</emphasis>
|
||
Habitats for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB20B071FE6CF994832A4F79" authorityName="Dayrat and Goulding" authorityYear="2017" box="[398,603,1557,1580]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aileenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB20B071FE6CF994832A4F79" box="[398,603,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Melayonchis aileenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (a) Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Kuala Sepatang, old forest with tall, old
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB20B071FE8DF9B280AA4F1F" box="[367,475,1587,1610]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB20B071FE8DF9B280AA4F1F" box="[367,475,1587,1610]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Rhizophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees, high in the tidal zone with ferns (station 27). (b) Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Matang, oldest and open
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB20B071FD95F9D183924F32" box="[631,739,1616,1639]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB20B071FD95F9D183924F32" box="[631,739,1616,1639]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Rhizophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest of tallest and beautiful trees, with hard mud, many creeks, and many dead logs (station 29). (c) India, Andaman Islands, Middle Andaman, Rangat, deep mangrove with tall trees, small creeks, and plenty of dead muddy logs (station 59). (d) Vietnam, Can Gio, high intertidal,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB20B071FD7BF92983844FEA" box="[665,757,1704,1727]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB20B071FD7BF92983844FEA" box="[665,757,1704,1727]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="1884">Avicennia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mangrove (station 232).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB21B070FF42FF7A83344841" blockId="35.[160,1156,251,553]" box="[160,581,251,276]" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB21B070FF42FF7A83344841" bold="true" box="[160,581,251,276]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">Distinctive field diagnostic features</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A3E5677BB21B070FF42FE9E835A4B7C" blockId="35.[160,1156,251,553]" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">
|
||
A table at the end of the introduction summarises the most important features that can help distinguish and identify
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB21B070FE4FFEC083F9480C" box="[429,648,321,345]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB21B070FE4FFEC08340480C" box="[429,561,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">Melayonchis</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C70363CCBB21B070FD75FEC08396480C" box="[663,743,321,345]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="9.[133,189,777,800]" captionText="Table 3. Summary of traits that can help identify Melayonchis species. Observations in parentheses are only occasional. All traits may be subject to individual variation. Traits are described in detail in the corresponding species descriptions and compared at the end of the Discussion." pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
). In the field, individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB21B070FBFCFEC085F2480C" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[1054,1155,321,345]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB21B070FBFCFEC085F2480C" box="[1054,1155,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">M. annae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remain difficult to identify because their dorsal colour is highly variable. However, other features differ sufficiently from the other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB21B070FD3AFE06822D48CA" authorityName="Dayrat and Goulding" authorityYear="2017" box="[728,860,391,415]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB21B070FD3AFE06822D48CA" box="[728,860,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">Melayonchis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, such as the ventral colour (white to light grey). It secretes much less oily mucus than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB21B070FCA4FE2882A14894" authorityName="Dayrat and Goulding" authorityYear="2017" box="[838,976,425,449]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="siongkiati">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB21B070FCA4FE2882A14894" box="[838,976,425,449]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">M. siongkiati</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Also, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB21B070FB8BFE28819948B1" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="eloisae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB21B070FB8BFE28819948B1" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">M. eloisae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, animals do not coil up into a sphere. Finally, the habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4D812DF4BB21B070FC6CFE4D828548B1" authorityName="Dayrat" authorityYear="2017" box="[910,1012,460,484]" class="Gastropoda" family="Onchidiidae" genus="Melayonchis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Systellommatophora" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="annae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B8F58A65BB21B070FC6CFE4D828548B1" box="[910,1012,460,484]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="1885">M. annae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems more specific (on the dry bark of mangrove trees as well as on rocks outside mangroves) than that of the other species described here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |