839 lines
103 KiB
XML
839 lines
103 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="D1EE023AF540503F4BB89BBEE9609B59">Systematics of Dynastor Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="E1E3FED7ABD3593408E3545247716C0F">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3DAAB8DA134866C7D91799915811B91B">Casagrande, Mirna Martins</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2A1ADAAC38949084007961347D8F163E">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CA93E34AD7CA4FFDD771C41291615221">Lamas, Gerardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8A6EBF846C4A055203C05A21030F9A0F">Departamento de Entomología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14 - 0434, Lima- 14, Peru</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D01D57DF393D786574F6221D84FBCCF5">Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D061B501C5EBD9FB4837368ECABF494B">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 19020, 81531 - 980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="B6AF268057716AAE2D69FF4E9B600634">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C325A7888B567D62FF18F9CF3442317F" box="[151,625,1590,1617]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B80F4038B567D62FF18F9CF3442317F" blockId="31.[151,625,1590,1653]" box="[151,625,1590,1617]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
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<heading id="D0C8436F8B567D62FF18F9CF3442317F" bold="true" box="[151,625,1590,1617]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B567D62FF18F9CF3442317F" ID-CoL="386BM" authority="(Westwood, 1851)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[151,625,1590,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
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<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FF18F9CF3442317F" bold="true" box="[151,625,1590,1617]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
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<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FF18F9CF37BF317E" bold="true" box="[151,396,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FE13F9CE345A317F" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[412,617,1590,1616]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C325A7888B567D62FF18F9A33714315A" box="[151,295,1627,1653]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B80F4038B567D62FF18F9A33714315A" blockId="31.[151,625,1590,1653]" box="[151,295,1627,1653]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1304E8868B567D62FF10F9A3372C315A" box="[159,287,1627,1653]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 24" captionStart-1="FIGURE 25" captionStart-2="FIGURE 26" captionStart-3="FIGURE 27" captionStart-4="FIGURE 28" captionStart-5="FIGURE 29" captionStartId-0="32.[151,250,1583,1607]" captionStartId-1="33.[151,250,1320,1344]" captionStartId-2="34.[151,250,840,864]" captionStartId-3="34.[151,250,1931,1955]" captionStartId-4="35.[151,250,1112,1136]" captionStartId-5="36.[151,250,1285,1309]" captionTargetBox-0="[301,1292,452,1552]" captionTargetBox-1="[307,1286,189,1289]" captionTargetBox-2="[231,1362,189,808]" captionTargetBox-3="[244,1355,965,1902]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1398,181,1089]" captionTargetBox-5="[189,1391,245,1262]" captionTargetId-0="figure-205@32.[288,1300,444,1560]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@33.[294,1294,181,1297]" captionTargetId-2="figure-23@34.[218,1370,181,815]" captionTargetId-3="figure-66@34.[229,1359,960,1908]" captionTargetId-4="figure-17@35.[189,1398,181,1089]" captionTargetId-5="figure-33@36.[189,1398,237,1262]" captionTargetPageId-0="32" captionTargetPageId-1="33" captionTargetPageId-2="34" captionTargetPageId-3="34" captionTargetPageId-4="35" captionTargetPageId-5="36" captionText-0="FIGURE 24. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Male, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Brazil, Pará (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-1="FIGURE 25. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Peru, Río Huallaga (AMNH_IZC 00352908–AMNH)." captionText-2="FIGURE 26. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Male genitalia: a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, c. lateral view; aedeagus: d. dorsal view, e. ventral view, f. lateral view (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-3="FIGURE 27. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of signa; c. ventral view (OM 78.930–DZUP–OM). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-4="FIGURE 28. Geographical distribution of Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851), Dynastor pharnaces Stichel, 1908 stat. nov., Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest., and Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest. Asterisk (*) and at (@) inside the sampled locality indicate that the geographical distribution data was retrieved from the bibliography and iNaturalist (www. inaturalist.org), respectively." captionText-5="FIGURE 29. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851). Female holotype of Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851); a. dorsal view, b. ventral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269040" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269042" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269044" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269046" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269048" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269050" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13269040/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13269042/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13269044/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/13269046/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/13269048/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/13269050/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Figs 24–29</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B567D62FF18F9673594303C" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B567D62FF18F967321D31DB" blockId="31.[151,1437,1695,2026]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B567D62FF18F967342E3198" ID-CoL="94YZY" authority="Westwood, 1851" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1851" box="[151,541,1695,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Brassolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FF18F967375B3198" box="[151,360,1695,1719]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Brassolis macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FEFFF967342E3198" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[368,541,1695,1719]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FDA6F958340E3198" box="[553,573,1696,1719]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">in</emphasis>
|
||
Doubleday.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FD4FF96735A63198" bold="true" box="[704,917,1695,1719]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Gen. Diurn. Lep. 2,</emphasis>
|
||
p. 351, pl. 59, fig. 3 (female d); Cayenne [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B567D62FADCF967372731F9" name="French Guiana" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
].—Lucas, 1851,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FE47F94637EF31FA" box="[456,476,1726,1749]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">in</emphasis>
|
||
Chenu (ed.).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FDFFF946358631F9" bold="true" box="[624,949,1726,1750]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Enc. d’Hist. nat., Pap. diurn.</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 173.—Herrich-Schäffer, 1865.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FAAAF946343931DB" bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Corr.-Blatt zool.-min. Ver. Regensburg 19</emphasis>
|
||
(5): 64.—Kirby, 1871.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FD7CF92435E831DA" bold="true" box="[755,987,1756,1781]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Syn. Cat. Diurn. Lep.</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 125.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B567D62FF18F9043594303C" blockId="31.[151,1437,1695,2026]" box="[151,935,1786,1811]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B567D62FF18F904375B303C" authority="(Westwood, 1851)" box="[151,360,1788,1811]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Megastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FF18F904375B303C" box="[151,360,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Megastes macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Boisduval, 1870.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FDA6F903355B303C" bold="true" box="[553,872,1786,1811]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
Consid. Lép. env.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B567D62FD65F9033550303C" box="[746,867,1787,1811]" name="Guatemala" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
p. 53.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B567D62FF18F8E2358D301D" box="[151,958,1818,1842]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8B80F4038B567D62FF18F8E2358D301D" blockId="31.[151,1437,1695,2026]" box="[151,958,1818,1842]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B567D62FF18F8E237B3301E" box="[151,384,1818,1842]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opsiphanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FF18F8E237B3301E" box="[151,384,1818,1842]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Opsiphanes macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FE01F8E23439301D" author="Kirby, W. F." box="[398,522,1818,1842]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" refId="ref33471" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1879) Catalogue of the collection of diurnal Lepidoptera formed by the late William Chapman Hewitson of Oatlands, Walton-on-Thames; and bequeathed by him to the British Museum. John Van Voorst, London, 246 pp." type="book" year="1879">Kirby, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FD9CF8E23542301D" bold="true" box="[531,881,1818,1842]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Cat. Coll. Diurn. Lep. Hewitson,</emphasis>
|
||
p. 107.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B567D5DFF18F8C13207300F" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="483" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B80F4038B567D5DFF18F8C133A237E2" blockId="31.[151,1437,1695,2026]" lastBlockId="32.[151,1437,150,420]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="483" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B567D62FF18F8C13755307F" ID-CoL="386BM" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[151,358,1849,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FF18F8C13755307F" box="[151,358,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FEFDF8C03459307E" author="Godman, F. D. C. & Salvin, O." box="[370,618,1848,1873]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" refId="ref32977" refString="Godman, F. D. C. & Salvin, O. (1881) n. k. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera. Vol. 1. Dulau & Co., Bernard Quaritch, London, pp. 121 - 136." type="book" year="1881">Godman & Salvin, 1881</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FDFDF8C035FF307F" bold="true" box="[626,972,1848,1873]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Biol. Centr.-Amer., Lep. Rhop. 1</emphasis>
|
||
(12), p. 122.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FBD3F8C0333F307E" author="Staudinger, O." box="[1116,1292,1848,1873]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" pagination="195 - 234" refId="ref35538" refString="Staudinger, O. (1887) I. Theil. Exotische Tagfalter in systematischer Reihenfolge mit Berucksichtigung neuer Arten. In: Staudinger, O. & Schatz, E. (Eds.), Exotische Schmetterlinge. G. Lowensohn, Furth, pp. 195 - 234, pls. 86 - 95." type="book chapter" year="1887">Staudinger, 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FA99F8C13319307F" box="[1302,1322,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">in</emphasis>
|
||
Staudinger & Schatz.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FEBAF8AF37D93040" bold="true" box="[309,490,1879,1903]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Exot. Schmett. 1</emphasis>
|
||
(18), p. 214.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FD0EF8AF35303040" author="Rober, J. K. M." box="[641,771,1879,1903]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" pagination="181 - 224" refId="ref34953" refString="Rober, J. K. M. (1889) II. Theil. Die Familien und Gattungen der Tagfalter systematisch und analytisch bearbeitet. In: Staudinger, O. & Schatz, E. (Eds.), Exotische Schmetterlinge. G. Lowensohn, Furth, pp. 181 - 224." type="book chapter" year="1889">Röber, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FC80F8A035103040" box="[783,803,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">in</emphasis>
|
||
Staudinger & Schatz.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FB81F8AF32F03040" bold="true" box="[1038,1219,1879,1903]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Exot. Schmett. 2</emphasis>
|
||
(5), p. 192.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FAC1F8AF36CE30A1" author="Stichel, H." pageId="31" pageNumber="482" pagination="487 - 524" refId="ref35596" refString="Stichel, H. (1902) Aufteilung der Gattung Opsiphanes Westw., Beschreibung neuer Brassoliden und synonymische Notizen. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 46 (4), 487 - 524." type="journal article" year="1902">Stichel, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FE86F88E37D430A1" bold="true" box="[265,487,1910,1934]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Berl. ent. Ztschr. 46</emphasis>
|
||
(4): 523.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FDD4F88E34E430A1" author="Moss, A. M." box="[603,727,1910,1934]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref34218" refString="Moss, A. M. (1935) Some details concerning the brassolid butterfly, Dynastor macrosiris, its early stages, life-history and foodplants. Proceedings of the entomological Society of London, Series A, 9 (3), 97 - 102." type="journal article" year="1935">Moss, 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FD6CF88E321030A1" bold="true" box="[739,1059,1909,1934]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Proc. ent. Soc. London (A) 9</emphasis>
|
||
(3): 97; biol.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FB4EF88E336430A1" author="Blandin, P." box="[1217,1367,1910,1934]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" pagination="161 - 218" refId="ref31862" refString="Blandin, P. (1977) La distribution geographique des Brassolinae (Lepidoptera, Satyridae). faits et problemes. Publications du Laboratoire de Zoologie de l'Ecole normale superieure, Paris, 9, 161 - 218." type="journal article" year="1977">Blandin, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FAECF88E343B3082" bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Publ. Lab. Zool. l’École norm. sup.</emphasis>
|
||
, Paris,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FDD9F86C34503083" bold="true" box="[598,611,1940,1964]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">9</emphasis>
|
||
: 163, 166, 168, 177, 191, fig. 5 (geogr. distr.); biogeogr.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FB4CF86C33AA3082" author="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O." box="[1219,1433,1940,1965]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" pagination="3 - 4" refId="ref35844" refString="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O. (1982) Metamorphosis of Dynastor macrosiris Westw. (Lepidoptera Brassolidae). Living World, 1981 - 1982, 3 - 4." type="book chapter" year="1982">Urich & Boos, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FF48F84B37E230E4" bold="true" box="[199,465,1971,1995]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Living World 1981-1982</emphasis>
|
||
: 34; biol., hostplant.—Ackery, 1988.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FCD3F84B325430E4" bold="true" box="[860,1127,1971,1995]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Biol. Jour. Linn. Soc. 33</emphasis>
|
||
(2): 100; hostplant.—Urich &
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B567D62FF48F82A376530C5" author="Emmel, T. C." box="[199,342,2002,2026]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482" pagination="151 - 153" refId="ref32745" refString="Emmel, T. C. (1991) A note on the life history of Dynastor napoleon in southern Brazil (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Brassolinae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 2 (2), 151 - 153." type="journal article" year="1991">Emmel, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FEECF82A37DC30C5" bold="true" box="[355,495,2002,2026]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Trop. Lep. 2</emphasis>
|
||
(2): 141; biol., hostplant.—Casagrande, 1995.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B567D62FC57F82A329830C5" bold="true" box="[984,1195,2002,2026]" pageId="31" pageNumber="482">Rev. bras. Zool. 12</emphasis>
|
||
(3): 683, figs 10 (male gen.).—Moreno
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFEFEFF6F37AC3780" box="[369,415,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1998.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFE7DFF6E34913780" bold="true" box="[498,674,150,175]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
Marip.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B697D5DFDCAFF6F34913780" box="[581,674,151,175]" name="Ecuador" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 123, 155 (fig. male v).—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFC49FF6F32443780" author="Penz, C. M. & Aiello, A. & Srygley, R." box="[966,1143,151,175]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" pagination="142 - 152" refId="ref34690" refString="Penz, C. M., Aiello, A. & Srygley, R. (1999) Early stages of Caligo illioneus and C. idomeneus (Nymphalidae, Brassolinae) from Panama, with remarks on larval food plants for the subfamily. Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 53 (4), 142 - 152." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
Penz
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFB8EFF6F321D3780" box="[1025,1070,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFB0EFF6F33703781" bold="true" box="[1153,1347,150,175]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Jour. Lep. Soc. 53</emphasis>
|
||
(4): 148; hostplant.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFECDFF4D344437E2" author="Garzon-Orduna, I. J. & Penz, C. M." box="[322,631,181,205]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref32828" refString="Garzon-Orduna, I. J. & Penz, C. M. (2009) Phylogeny of Dynastor and Brassolis butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): a tough nut to crack. Zootaxa, 2134 (1), 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2134.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">Garzón-Orduña & Penz, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFD0FFF4D352137E2" bold="true" box="[640,786,181,205]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Zootaxa 2134</emphasis>
|
||
: 3, figs 1c (male d, v), 4, 6 (phylogenetic tree),
|
||
<quantity id="4CC759E68B697D5DFB78FF4D332337E2" box="[1271,1296,181,205]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.0" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" unit="g" value="8.0">8g</quantity>
|
||
(male gen.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B697D5DFF18FF2D3259368B" blockId="32.[151,1437,150,420]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFF18FF2D37EC37C3" ID-CoL="386BM" authority="(Westwood, 1851)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[151,479,213,236]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="macrosiris" subSpecies="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFF18FF2D37EC37C3" box="[151,479,213,236]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Dynastor macrosiris macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFE7FFF2C344837C3" author="Stichel, H." box="[496,635,212,236]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref35630" refString="Stichel, H. (1904) Lepidoptera Rhopalocera, Fam. Nymphalidae, Subfam. Brassolinae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, Fascicule XX. V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 48, 5 pls." type="journal article" year="1904">Stichel, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFD07FF2D34AF37C3" box="[648,668,213,236]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">in</emphasis>
|
||
Wytsman.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFC9BFF2C35AF37C3" bold="true" box="[788,924,212,236]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Gen. Ins. 20</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 10.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFC70FF2C32BE37C3" author="Stichel, H." box="[1023,1165,212,236]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" pagination="1 - 244" refId="ref35706" refString="Stichel, H. (1909) Brassolidae. Das Tierreich, 25, i - xiv + 1 - 244 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1235" type="book chapter" year="1909">Stichel, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFB15FF2C336137C3" bold="true" box="[1178,1362,212,236]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Das Tierreich 25</emphasis>
|
||
: 25.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFF48FF0B374B3624" author="Fruhstorfer, H." box="[199,376,243,267]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refId="ref32787" refString="Fruhstorfer, H. (1912) Brassolidae. In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde.. Vol. 5. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 285 - 332." type="book" year="1912">Fruhstorfer, 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFE0EFF0B37A63625" box="[385,405,243,266]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">in</emphasis>
|
||
Seitz.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFE59FF0A34FC3624" bold="true" box="[470,719,242,267]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Gross-Schmett. Erde 5,</emphasis>
|
||
p. 289.—Kaye, 1914.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFC21FF0B32D23625" bold="true" box="[942,1249,242,267]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Trans. ent. Soc. London 1913</emphasis>
|
||
(3): 549.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFAC0FF0A36CE3606" author="Stichel, H." pageId="32" pageNumber="483" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref35743" refString="Stichel, H. (1932) n. k. In: Strand, E. (Ed.), Lepidopterorum Catalogus Pars 51. Brassolidae. W. Junk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1932">Stichel, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFE86FEE937A23606" bold="true" box="[265,401,273,297]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Lep. Cat. 51</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 21.—D’Abrera, 1987.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFD29FEE935A13606" bold="true" box="[678,914,273,297]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 394 (figs male d, female v);
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFB66FEEA333F3606" bold="true" box="[1257,1292,274,297]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">syn</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFAADFEE9334F3606" ID-CoL="9BH8S" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[1314,1404,273,297]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFAADFEE9334F3606" box="[1314,1404,273,297]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">hannibal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFF48FEC837B23667" author="Casagrande, M. M." box="[199,385,304,328]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" pagination="201 - 205" refId="ref32298" refString="Casagrande, M. M. (2004) Tribe Brassolini. In: Lamas, G. (Ed.), Checklist: Part 4 A. Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea. In: Heppner, J. (Ed.), Atlas of Neotroprical Lepidoptera 5 A. Association for Tropical Lepidoptera, Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida, pp. 201 - 205." type="book chapter" year="2004">Casagrande, 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Brassolini,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFD8FFEC934273667" box="[512,532,305,328]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">in</emphasis>
|
||
Lamas (ed.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFD13FEC832AC3667" bold="true" box="[668,1183,304,328]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFB22FEC932F23667" box="[1197,1217,305,328]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">in</emphasis>
|
||
Heppner (ed.).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFAEBFEC837B73649" bold="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
Atlas
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFF48FEB737163648" box="[199,293,335,359]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" reason="1">Neotrop.</emphasis>
|
||
Lep. 5A
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 203.—Blandin, 2003,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFD01FEB734913649" box="[654,674,335,358]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">in</emphasis>
|
||
Lacomme & Manil.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFCF6FEB6322A3649" bold="true" box="[889,1049,334,358]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
Lép.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B697D5DFC3EFEB632363649" box="[945,1029,334,358]" name="French Guiana" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Guyane</collectingCountry>
|
||
1
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(2), p. 18, 77.—Santin, 2004.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFAC4FEB6345836AA" bold="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Répert. plantes-hôtes subst. chen. lépid. monde</emphasis>
|
||
(2
|
||
<superScript id="7C4A594B8B697D5DFD09FE9534A63654" attach="left" box="[646,661,365,379]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">nd</superScript>
|
||
ed.),
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFD41FE9534E836AA" bold="true" box="[718,731,365,389]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">2</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 858;
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFCBBFE96356436AA" bold="true" box="[820,855,366,389]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">syn</emphasis>
|
||
.:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFCE4FE9535F636AA" ID-CoL="9BH8S" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[875,965,365,389]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFCE4FE9535F636AA" box="[875,965,365,389]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">hannibal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; hostplant.—D’Abrera, 2005.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFB74FE95334F36AA" bold="true" box="[1275,1404,365,389]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">World Butt.</emphasis>
|
||
, p. 94, 245, pl. 125, fig. 1 (female v).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFD91FE753406368B" box="[542,565,397,420]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">—</emphasis>
|
||
Penz & Mohammadi, 2013.
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFCDCFE743222368B" bold="true" box="[851,1041,396,420]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Biota Neotrop. 13</emphasis>
|
||
(3): 156.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF40A48B8B697D5DFF18F9D7353B3144" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269040" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269040/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" startId="32.[151,250,1583,1607]" targetBox="[301,1292,452,1552]" targetPageId="32" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B697D5DFF18F9D7353B3144" blockId="32.[151,1436,1583,1643]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFF18F9D737133168" bold="true" box="[151,288,1583,1607]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">FIGURE 24.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFEA8F9C8348F3168" authority="(Westwood, 1851)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[295,700,1583,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFEA8F9C837C53168" box="[295,502,1584,1607]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFD8BF9D734873168" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[516,692,1583,1607]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Male,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFC88F9C835293167" bold="true" box="[775,794,1584,1608]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">a.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFCE4F9C835B33167" bold="true" box="[875,896,1584,1608]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">b.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral views; Brazil, Pará (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B697D5DFF18F9453207300F" blockId="32.[151,1436,1725,2040]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFF18F945374C31F8" bold="true" box="[151,383,1725,1751]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Taxonomic history.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFE06F946344031F8" ID-CoL="94YZY" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1851" box="[393,627,1726,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Brassolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFE06F946344031F8" box="[393,627,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Brassolis macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by an illustration; transferred to
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFB2AF946331A31F7" box="[1189,1321,1726,1752]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Opsiphanes</emphasis>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFAD4F94636D131D3" author="Kirby, W. F." pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refId="ref33471" refString="Kirby, W. F. (1879) Catalogue of the collection of diurnal Lepidoptera formed by the late William Chapman Hewitson of Oatlands, Walton-on-Thames; and bequeathed by him to the British Museum. John Van Voorst, London, 246 pp." type="book" year="1879">Kirby (1879)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFEBCF91A37A831D4" ID-CoL="927LQ" authorityName="Doubleday" authorityYear="1849" box="[307,411,1762,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFEBCF91A37A831D4" box="[307,411,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Dynastor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFE4CF91A34D131D3" author="Godman, F. D. C. & Salvin, O." box="[451,738,1762,1788]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refId="ref32977" refString="Godman, F. D. C. & Salvin, O. (1881) n. k. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera. Vol. 1. Dulau & Co., Bernard Quaritch, London, pp. 121 - 136." type="book" year="1881">Godman & Salvin (1881)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This species was treated as a subspecies by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFB40F91A335E31D3" author="Stichel, H." box="[1231,1389,1762,1788]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref35630" refString="Stichel, H. (1904) Lepidoptera Rhopalocera, Fam. Nymphalidae, Subfam. Brassolinae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum, Fascicule XX. V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 48, 5 pls." type="journal article" year="1904">Stichel (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the subsequent authors in reviews, catalogs, checklists, and natural history studies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B697D5DFF48F8D233A830D7" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B697D5DFF48F8D233A830D7" blockId="32.[151,1436,1725,2040]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFF48F8D23746306C" bold="true" box="[199,373,1833,1860]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFEF3F8D23517306B" authority="Westwood, 1851" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1851" box="[380,804,1833,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Brassolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFEF3F8D23451306C" box="[380,610,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Brassolis macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFDE7F8D23517306B" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[616,804,1833,1860]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described based on an illustration of an unspecified number of specimens.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B697D5DFE18F8B634513047" box="[407,610,1870,1896]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" type="male" typeStatus="syntype">One syntype male</specimenCount>
|
||
was found at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Type/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFAADF8B6371830A3" authority="Bd. Cayenne" authorityName="Bd. Cayenne" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Brassolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFAADF8B633AF3048" box="[1314,1436,1870,1895]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
Bd. Cayenne
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ EX MUSAEO
|
||
<superScript id="7C4A594B8B697D5DFE7AF88A34293050" attach="left" box="[501,538,1905,1932]" fontSize="6" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Dris</superScript>
|
||
BOISDUVAL/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFD5BF88A321130A3" authority=", (Boisd)" baseAuthorityName="Boisd" box="[724,1058,1906,1932]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Brassolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFD5BF88A358E30A4" box="[724,957,1906,1932]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Brassolis macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
, (Boisd)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
typicum specimen — Genera of diurna. Lepid. Dbd. Westw. Hew — pl. LIX. fig. 3./. To stabilize the nomenclature of this taxon, this male is hereby designated as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54844AA18B697D5DFEECF84237F930FB" box="[355,458,1978,2004]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFE7CF842359730FB" authority="Westwood, 1851" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1851" box="[499,932,1977,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Brassolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFE7CF84234EF30FC" box="[499,732,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Brassolis macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFD6BF842359730FB" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[740,932,1977,2004]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the following labels will be attached: /
|
||
<typeStatus id="54844AA18B697D5DFF18F826377A30D7" box="[151,329,2014,2040]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPUS</typeStatus>
|
||
/
|
||
<typeStatus id="54844AA18B697D5DFED7F82637E730D7" box="[344,468,2014,2040]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B697D5DFE53F82635B530D7" authority="Westwood, 1851" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1851" box="[476,902,2013,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Brassolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B697D5DFE53F82634F130D8" box="[476,706,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="483">Brassolis macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B697D5DFD47F82635B530D7" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[712,902,2013,2040]" pageId="32" pageNumber="483" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2024/.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF40A48B8B687D5CFF18FAD03755324B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269042" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269042/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" startId="33.[151,250,1320,1344]" targetBox="[307,1286,189,1289]" targetPageId="33" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B687D5CFF18FAD03755324B" blockId="33.[151,1436,1320,1380]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFF18FAD03711326F" bold="true" box="[151,290,1320,1344]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">FIGURE 25.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFEA6FAD134F0326F" authority="(Westwood, 1851)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[297,707,1320,1344]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFEA6FAD137C8326F" box="[297,507,1321,1344]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B687D5CFD85FAD03488326F" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[522,699,1320,1344]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Female,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFCA7FAD13509326E" bold="true" box="[808,826,1321,1345]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">a.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFC00FAD13590326E" bold="true" box="[911,931,1321,1345]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">b.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral views; Peru,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFB0EFAD1333B326F" authority="Huallaga" authorityName="Huallaga" box="[1153,1288,1320,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Rio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Río Huallaga</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH_IZC 00352908–AMNH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B687D5CFF48FA4E33713186" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B687D5CFF48FA4E33713186" blockId="33.[151,1437,1462,2029]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFF48FA4E370C32FF" bold="true" box="[199,319,1462,1488]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFEC9FA40341432FE" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[326,551,1464,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFEC9FA40341432FE" box="[326,551,1464,1489]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFCFDFA40326232FE" authorityName="Piovesan & Casagrande & Lamas & Mielke" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[882,1105,1463,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFCFDFA40326232FE" box="[882,1105,1463,1489]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFBD7FA4F32F332FE" bold="true" box="[1112,1216,1463,1489]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B687D5CFBD7FA4F32F332FE" box="[1112,1216,1463,1489]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFB41FA4033AE32FE" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[1230,1437,1463,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFB41FA4033AE32FE" box="[1230,1437,1463,1489]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFF18FA23373032DA" bold="true" box="[151,259,1499,1525]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFECEFA2437D332DA" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[321,480,1500,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFECEFA2437D332DA" box="[321,480,1500,1525]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFE68FA23346032DA" bold="true" box="[487,595,1499,1525]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, but differs from the cited species by the FW with (if present) a diffuse and thinner light-yellow oblique band, VFW without a distinguishable rusty red band between M
|
||
<subScript id="17BBF6468B687D5CFB13F9E932973130" attach="left" box="[1180,1188,1553,1567]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">1</subScript>
|
||
and M
|
||
<subScript id="17BBF6468B687D5CFB7BF9E932CF3130" attach="left" box="[1268,1276,1553,1567]" fontSize="6" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">3</subScript>
|
||
near the outer margin, and VFW and VHW with a ripple pattern finely and homogeneously arranged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFBC8F9DB32F63111" box="[1095,1221,1571,1598]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 24" captionStart-1="FIGURE 25" captionStartId-0="32.[151,250,1583,1607]" captionStartId-1="33.[151,250,1320,1344]" captionTargetBox-0="[301,1292,452,1552]" captionTargetBox-1="[307,1286,189,1289]" captionTargetId-0="figure-205@32.[288,1300,444,1560]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@33.[294,1294,181,1297]" captionTargetPageId-0="32" captionTargetPageId-1="33" captionText-0="FIGURE 24. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Male, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Brazil, Pará (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-1="FIGURE 25. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Peru, Río Huallaga (AMNH_IZC 00352908–AMNH)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269040" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269042" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13269040/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13269042/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Figs 24–25</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFB40F9DB32DE3112" box="[1231,1261,1571,1597]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1320,1344]" captionTargetBox="[274,1319,189,1289]" captionTargetId="figure-17@37.[261,1326,181,1297]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 30. Dynastor pharnaces Stichel, 1908 stat. nov.: Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Peru, Chanchamayo (USNMENT01589343–USNM). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269052" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269052/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">30</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFB78F9DB330D3112" box="[1271,1342,1571,1597]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 33" captionStart-1="FIGURE 34" captionStartId-0="40.[151,250,1522,1546]" captionStartId-1="41.[151,250,1340,1364]" captionTargetBox-0="[307,1286,391,1491]" captionTargetBox-1="[306,1286,184,1314]" captionTargetId-0="figure-126@40.[294,1294,383,1499]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@41.[293,1293,181,1316]" captionTargetPageId-0="40" captionTargetPageId-1="41" captionText-0="FIGURE 33. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Male, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 52.734– DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-1="FIGURE 34. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; Colombia, Boyacá (DZ 3969– DZUP)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269058" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269060" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13269058/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13269060/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">33–34</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFAC7F9DB33A23112" box="[1352,1425,1571,1597]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 38" captionStart-1="FIGURE 39" captionStartId-0="45.[151,250,1320,1344]" captionStartId-1="46.[151,250,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox-0="[300,1291,189,1289]" captionTargetBox-1="[300,1291,317,1417]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@45.[287,1299,181,1297]" captionTargetId-1="figure-85@46.[287,1299,309,1425]" captionTargetPageId-0="45" captionTargetPageId-1="46" captionText-0="FIGURE 38. Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest.: Male, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; El Salvador, Ahuachapán (FLMNH MGCL 1107875–MGCL). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." captionText-1="FIGURE 39. Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest.: Female, a. dorsal, b. ventral views; El Salvador, Ahuachapán (FLMNH MGCL 1107876–MGCL)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269068" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269072" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13269068/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13269072/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">38–39</figureCitation>
|
||
). The male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFE0BF9B03457314E" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[388,612,1608,1633]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFE0BF9B03457314E" box="[388,612,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs from the other species in having the apex of gnathos posteriorly projected and the posterior half of the valvae triangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFC97F993354331AA" box="[792,880,1643,1669]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="34.[151,250,840,864]" captionTargetBox="[231,1362,189,808]" captionTargetId="figure-23@34.[218,1370,181,815]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 26. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Male genitalia: a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, c. lateral view; aedeagus: d. dorsal view, e. ventral view, f. lateral view (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269044/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Figs 26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFCF2F99335A831A9" box="[893,923,1643,1670]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="42.[151,250,840,864]" captionTargetBox="[212,1380,188,808]" captionTargetId="figure-23@42.[199,1387,181,815]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 35. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Male genitalia: a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, c. lateral view; aedeagus: d. dorsal view, e. ventral view, f. lateral view (DZ 52.734–DZUP; CMBUT1655-20). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269062" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269062/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">35</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFC26F99335FB31AA" box="[937,968,1643,1669]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="47.[151,250,840,864]" captionTargetBox="[220,1372,189,808]" captionTargetId="figure-17@47.[207,1379,181,815]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 40. Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest.: Male genitalia: a. dorsal view, b. ventral view, c. lateral view; aedeagus: d. dorsal view, e. ventral view, f. lateral view (DZ 52.735–DZUP; CMBUT1654-20). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269074/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">40</figureCitation>
|
||
). The female genitalia are very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFF18F96837553186" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,358,1679,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFF18F96837553186" box="[151,358,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFEE2F97737EB3186" bold="true" box="[365,472,1679,1705]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFD9BF96834813186" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[532,690,1680,1705]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFD9BF96834813186" box="[532,690,1680,1705]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFD37F97735103186" bold="true" box="[696,803,1679,1705]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, but the paired signa are longer (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFB02F97732D13186" box="[1165,1250,1679,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="34.[151,250,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[244,1355,965,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-66@34.[229,1359,960,1908]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 27. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851): Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of signa; c. ventral view (OM 78.930–DZUP–OM). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269046/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Figs 27</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFB62F97733383186" box="[1261,1291,1679,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,965,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-72@42.[211,1377,960,1908]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 36. Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest.: Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of signa; c. ventral view (DZ 3969–DZUP). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269064" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269064/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">36</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B687D5CFA99F97733063186" box="[1302,1333,1679,1705]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="47.[151,250,1931,1955]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,960,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-66@47.[189,1398,960,1908]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURE 41. Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest.: Female genitalia: a. lateral view; b. detail of signa; c. ventral view (OM 41.943–DZUP–OM). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269076" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269076/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">41</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B687D5CFF48F94A334C31DE" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B687D5CFF48F94A334C31DE" blockId="33.[151,1437,1462,2029]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFF48F94A370D31E3" bold="true" box="[199,318,1714,1740]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
FW, length: male
|
||
<quantity id="4CC759E68B687D5CFD89F94B344F31E2" box="[518,636,1715,1741]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" metricValueMax="7.4" metricValueMin="6.4" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" unit="mm" value="69.0" valueMax="74.0" valueMin="64.0">64–74 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=3), female
|
||
<quantity id="4CC759E68B687D5CFC91F94B35A731E2" box="[798,916,1715,1742]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="54.0" valueMin="51.0">51–54 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=2). DFW, the thin oblique band may or may not be visible. VFW, shape and color of postdiscal patches and spots. VHW, number, size, and shape of the spots.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B687D5EFF48F90234343146" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="486" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B687D5CFF48F90232F230C2" blockId="33.[151,1437,1462,2029]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFF48F902377C303B" bold="true" box="[199,335,1786,1812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Compared to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFDBAF9033494303A" authorityName="Boisduval" authorityYear="1836" box="[565,679,1787,1813]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Brassolini">Brassolini</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFCD1F90332D4303A" authority="(Piovesan et al. 2022)" baseAuthorityName="Piovesan" baseAuthorityYear="2022" box="[862,1255,1787,1813]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Opsiphanes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFCD1F90335D1303A" box="[862,994,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Opsiphanes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B687D5CFC7DF90332EC303A" author="Piovesan, M. & Casagrande, M. M. & Mielke, O. H. H." box="[1010,1247,1787,1813]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" pagination="1 - 278" refId="ref34822" refString="Piovesan, M., Casagrande, M. M. & Mielke, O. H. H. (2022) Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach. Zootaxa, 5216 (1), 1 - 278. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5216.1.1" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Piovesan
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFBEEF90432A8303A" box="[1121,1179,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the availability of information on the geographical distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFD40F8D835043016" authorityName="Doubleday" authorityYear="1849" box="[719,823,1824,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFD40F8D835043016" box="[719,823,1824,1849]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is very scarce. Despite the few records, some patterns seem to emerge: of the four similar and closely related species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFCDDF8BC32043072" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[850,1079,1860,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFCDDF8BC32043072" box="[850,1079,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFBCCF8BC33153072" authorityName="Piovesan & Casagrande & Lamas & Mielke" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1091,1318,1859,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFBCCF8BC33153072" box="[1091,1318,1859,1885]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFAA3F8BB33A63072" bold="true" box="[1324,1429,1859,1885]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B687D5CFAA3F8BB33A63072" box="[1324,1429,1859,1885]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFF18F890375A30AE" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,361,1895,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFF18F890375A30AE" box="[151,361,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFEE1F89F37E930AE" bold="true" box="[366,474,1895,1921]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFD9AF890348730AE" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[533,692,1896,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFD9AF890348730AE" box="[533,692,1896,1921]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFD35F89F351630AE" bold="true" box="[698,805,1895,1921]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFCE6F890327D30AE" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[873,1102,1896,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFCE6F890327D30AE" box="[873,1102,1896,1921]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFB0DF890335730AE" authorityName="Piovesan & Casagrande & Lamas & Mielke" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1154,1380,1895,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFB0DF890335730AE" box="[1154,1380,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFAE5F89F36FB308A" bold="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B687D5CFAE5F89F36FB308A" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are cis-Andean species. However, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFD1BF8743549308A" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[660,890,1932,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFD1BF8743549308A" box="[660,890,1932,1957]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs at low elevations (
|
||
<quantity id="4CC759E68B687D5CFB14F8733322308A" box="[1179,1297,1931,1957]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" unit="m" value="315.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="30.0">30–600 m</quantity>
|
||
), distributed throughout the Amazon biome,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFE75F84834ED30E6" authorityName="Piovesan & Casagrande & Lamas & Mielke" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[506,734,1967,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFE75F84834ED30E6" box="[506,734,1967,1993]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFD6AF857357C30E6" bold="true" box="[741,847,1967,1993]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B687D5CFD6AF857357C30E6" box="[741,847,1967,1993]" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distributed in montane forest (2,000 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CC759E68B687D5CFAB8F85733A730E6" box="[1335,1428,1967,1994]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" unit="m" value="2.25">2,250 m</quantity>
|
||
) in the Andes, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B687D5CFEE0F82B37F230C2" box="[367,449,2003,2029]" name="Bolivia" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B687D5CFE6AF82B347630C2" box="[485,581,2003,2029]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFDC0F82C350630C2" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[591,821,2004,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFDC0F82C350630C2" box="[591,821,2004,2029]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sympatric with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B687D5CFB8CF82C328830C2" box="[1027,1211,2003,2029]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B687D5CFB8CF82C328830C2" box="[1027,1211,2003,2029]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="484">Dynastor darius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF40A48B8B6B7D5FFF18FCB036DB3487" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269044/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="485" startId="34.[151,250,840,864]" targetBox="[231,1362,189,808]" targetPageId="34" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6B7D5FFF18FCB036DB3487" blockId="34.[151,1437,840,936]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFF18FCB03713344F" bold="true" box="[151,288,840,864]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6B7D5FFEAAFCB1348A344F" authority="(Westwood, 1851)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[293,697,840,864]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFEAAFCB137C6344F" box="[293,501,841,864]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6B7D5FFD8DFCB03481344F" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[514,690,840,864]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Male genitalia:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFCEEFCB03547344F" bold="true" box="[865,884,840,864]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">a.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFC75FCB0323D344F" bold="true" box="[1018,1038,840,864]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">b.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFB12FCB0329D344F" bold="true" box="[1181,1198,840,864]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">c.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view; aedeagus:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFF18FC94369F34AB" bold="true" box="[151,172,876,900]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">d.</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFEB9FC94377434AB" bold="true" box="[310,327,876,900]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">e.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFE55FC9437DA34AB" bold="true" box="[474,489,876,900]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">f.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view (DZ 54.260–DZUP). The black arrows indicate the diagnostic characters of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF40A48B8B6B7D5FFF18F873326830E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269046" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269046/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="485" startId="34.[151,250,1931,1955]" targetBox="[244,1355,965,1902]" targetPageId="34" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6B7D5FFF18F873326830E7" blockId="34.[151,1436,1931,1992]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFF18F8733713308B" bold="true" box="[151,288,1931,1956]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6B7D5FFEA9F8743488308B" authority="(Westwood, 1851)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[294,699,1932,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="34" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFEA9F87437C5308C" box="[294,502,1932,1955]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6B7D5FFD8CF8743480308B" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[515,691,1932,1956]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: Female genitalia:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFCF5F87435BE308B" bold="true" box="[890,909,1932,1956]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">a.</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFB98F874321F308B" bold="true" box="[1047,1068,1932,1956]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">b.</emphasis>
|
||
detail of signa;
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6B7D5FFB40F87432D3308B" bold="true" box="[1231,1248,1932,1956]" pageId="34" pageNumber="485">c.</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view (OM 78.930–DZUP–OM). The black arrow indicates one of the diagnostic characters of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF40A48B8B6A7D5EFF18FBA0378A33F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269048" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13269048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269048/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" startId="35.[151,250,1112,1136]" targetBox="[189,1398,181,1089]" targetPageId="35" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6A7D5EFF18FBA0378A33F3" blockId="35.[151,1437,1112,1244]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF18FBA03710335F" bold="true" box="[151,291,1112,1136]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">FIGURE 28.</emphasis>
|
||
Geographical distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFDD5FBA135C5335F" authority="(Westwood, 1851)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[602,1014,1112,1136]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFDD5FBA1351F335F" box="[602,812,1113,1136]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFCB3FBA035DD335F" author="Westwood, J. O." box="[828,1006,1112,1136]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" refId="ref36066" refString="Westwood, J. O. (1851) n. k. In: Doubleday, E., The genera of diurnal Lepidoptera: comprising their generic characters, a notice of their habits and transformations, and a catalogue of the species of each genus. Vol. 1. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, London, pp. 327 - 466, pls. 59, 67." type="journal volume" year="1851">Westwood, 1851</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFB8CFBA13355335E" authority="Stichel, 1908" authorityName="Stichel" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Stichel" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1027,1382,1112,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharnaces" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFB8CFBA132E7335F" box="[1027,1236,1112,1136]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Dynastor pharnaces</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFB52FBA03355335E" author="Stichel, H." box="[1245,1382,1112,1137]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="160 - 179" refId="ref35684" refString="Stichel, H. (1908) Brassoliden-Studien. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 52 (3), 160 - 179." type="journal article" year="1908">Stichel, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFAE1FBA136F033BA" bold="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A278956A8B6A7D5EFAE1FBA136F033BA" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFF5EFB85340033BA" authority="Oberthur, 1881" authorityName=", Oberthur" authorityYear="1881" box="[209,563,1148,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hannibal">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF5EFB8537A333BB" box="[209,400,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Dynastor hannibal</emphasis>
|
||
Oberthür, 1881
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFDB6FB8534AF33BA" bold="true" box="[569,668,1149,1173]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFD59FB8535CA33BB" authority="(Bates, 1864)" baseAuthorityName="Bates" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[726,1017,1148,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="strix">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFD59FB85355A33BB" box="[726,873,1149,1172]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Dynastor strix</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFCF8FB8535C133BB" author="Bates, H. W." box="[887,1010,1148,1173]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="161 - 164" refId="ref31661" refString="Bates, H. W. (1864) New species of butterflies from Guatemala and Panama. Entomologist's monthly Magazine, 1 (7), 161 - 164." type="journal article" year="1864">Bates, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFB8FFB85325033BA" bold="true" box="[1024,1123,1149,1173]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">stat. rest.</emphasis>
|
||
Asterisk (*) and at (@) inside the sampled locality indicate that the geographical distribution data was retrieved from the bibliography and iNaturalist (www. inaturalist.org), respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6A7D5EFF48FAD734EE3242" blockId="35.[151,1437,1326,2038]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF48FAD737BB3267" bold="true" box="[199,392,1326,1353]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Information on the immature stages of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFCDBFAC8320E3266" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Westwood" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[852,1085,1328,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dynastor" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFCDBFAC8320E3266" box="[852,1085,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Dynastor macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be found in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFA8BFAD733A43265" author="Moss, A. M." box="[1284,1431,1327,1354]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref34218" refString="Moss, A. M. (1935) Some details concerning the brassolid butterfly, Dynastor macrosiris, its early stages, life-history and foodplants. Proceedings of the entomological Society of London, Series A, 9 (3), 97 - 102." type="journal article" year="1935">Moss (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFF18FAAB37BB3242" author="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O." box="[151,392,1363,1389]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="3 - 4" refId="ref35844" refString="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O. (1982) Metamorphosis of Dynastor macrosiris Westw. (Lepidoptera Brassolidae). Living World, 1981 - 1982, 3 - 4." type="book chapter" year="1982">Urich & Boos (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFE4CFAAB34E93242" author="Urich, F. C. & Emmel, T. C." box="[451,730,1363,1389]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="141 - 144" refId="ref35882" refString="Urich, F. C. & Emmel, T. C. (1991 a) Life histories of Neotropical butterflies from Trinidad 4. Dynastor macrosiris (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Brassolinae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 2 (2), 141 - 144." type="journal article" year="1991">Urich & Emmel (1991a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6A7D5EFF48FA8F37DD329A" blockId="35.[151,1437,1326,2038]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
Hostplants:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFEC1FA8F37DF32BE" box="[334,492,1399,1425]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Bromeliaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: “arboreal bromelias” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFD7EFA8F354132BD" author="Moss, A. M." box="[753,882,1399,1426]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref34218" refString="Moss, A. M. (1935) Some details concerning the brassolid butterfly, Dynastor macrosiris, its early stages, life-history and foodplants. Proceedings of the entomological Society of London, Series A, 9 (3), 97 - 102." type="journal article" year="1935">Moss 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFC09FA8F325A32BE" box="[902,1129,1399,1425]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Aechmea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nudicaulis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFC09FA8F325A32BE" box="[902,1129,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Aechmea nudicaulis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(L.) Griseb (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFB73FA8F36E1329A" author="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O." pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="3 - 4" refId="ref35844" refString="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O. (1982) Metamorphosis of Dynastor macrosiris Westw. (Lepidoptera Brassolidae). Living World, 1981 - 1982, 3 - 4." type="book chapter" year="1982">Urich & Boos 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFF51FA6337D1329A" author="Urich, F. C. & Emmel, T. C." box="[222,482,1435,1461]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="141 - 144" refId="ref35882" refString="Urich, F. C. & Emmel, T. C. (1991 a) Life histories of Neotropical butterflies from Trinidad 4. Dynastor macrosiris (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Brassolinae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 2 (2), 141 - 144." type="journal article" year="1991">Urich & Emmel 1991a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6A7D5EFF48FA463219310E" blockId="35.[151,1437,1326,2038]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF48FA46345532F6" bold="true" box="[199,614,1470,1497]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
Geographic distribution.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFE70FA47345532F6" box="[511,614,1471,1497]" name="Ecuador" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B6A7D5EFDF5FA4734D232F6" box="[634,737,1471,1497]" country="Ecuador" name="Orellana" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Orellana</collectingRegion>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFD77FA47350132F6" bold="true" box="[760,818,1471,1497]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFD77FA47350132F6" box="[760,818,1471,1497]" name="Peru" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B6A7D5EFCCAFA4735A732F6" box="[837,916,1471,1497]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B6A7D5EFC2BFA4735DB32F6" box="[932,1000,1471,1497]" country="Peru" name="Pasco" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Pasco</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B6A7D5EFC77FA47324C32F6" box="[1016,1151,1471,1497]" country="Peru" name="San Martin" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">San Martín</collectingRegion>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFB18FA4633AE32F6" bold="true" box="[1175,1437,1470,1497]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFB18FA4633AE32F6" box="[1175,1437,1470,1497]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B6A7D5EFF10FA1B377D32D2" box="[159,334,1507,1533]" country="Trinidad and Tobago" name="Sangre Grande" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Sangre Grande</collectingRegion>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFEE7FA1B346432D2" author="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O." box="[360,599,1507,1533]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="3 - 4" refId="ref35844" refString="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O. (1982) Metamorphosis of Dynastor macrosiris Westw. (Lepidoptera Brassolidae). Living World, 1981 - 1982, 3 - 4." type="book chapter" year="1982">Urich & Boos 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFDE8FA1B354B32D2" author="Urich, F. C. & Emmel, T. C." box="[615,888,1507,1533]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="141 - 144" refId="ref35882" refString="Urich, F. C. & Emmel, T. C. (1991 a) Life histories of Neotropical butterflies from Trinidad 4. Dynastor macrosiris (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Brassolinae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 2 (2), 141 - 144." type="journal article" year="1991">Urich & Emmel 1991a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFC1EFA1B327832D3" bold="true" box="[913,1099,1506,1533]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFC1EFA1B327832D3" box="[913,1099,1506,1533]" name="French Guiana" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Cayenne, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni);
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFE8DF9FE3778310F" bold="true" box="[258,331,1542,1568]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFE8DF9FE3778310F" box="[258,331,1542,1568]" name="Brazil" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Amazonas, Pará) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B6A7D5EFDA5F9FF344E310E" box="[554,637,1543,1569]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1112,1136]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1089]" captionTargetId="figure-17@35.[189,1398,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 28. Geographical distribution of Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851), Dynastor pharnaces Stichel, 1908 stat. nov., Dynastor hannibal Oberthür, 1881 stat. rest., and Dynastor strix (Bates, 1864) stat. rest. Asterisk (*) and at (@) inside the sampled locality indicate that the geographical distribution data was retrieved from the bibliography and iNaturalist (www. inaturalist.org), respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269048/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
), at elevations between 30 and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B6A7D5EFC53F9FF3219310E" box="[988,1066,1543,1569]" count="600" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CC759E68B6A7D5EFC53F9FF3215310E" box="[988,1062,1543,1569]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6A7D5EFF48F9D334343146" blockId="35.[151,1437,1326,2038]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF48F9D337EE316B" bold="true" box="[199,477,1578,1605]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Temporal distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
May (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFDBDF9D3348A3169" author="Moss, A. M." box="[562,697,1579,1606]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="97 - 102" refId="ref34218" refString="Moss, A. M. (1935) Some details concerning the brassolid butterfly, Dynastor macrosiris, its early stages, life-history and foodplants. Proceedings of the entomological Society of London, Series A, 9 (3), 97 - 102." type="journal article" year="1935">Moss 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), June, August, October (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFC61F9D33335316A" author="Urich, F. C. & Emmel, T. C." box="[1006,1286,1579,1605]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="141 - 144" refId="ref35882" refString="Urich, F. C. & Emmel, T. C. (1991 a) Life histories of Neotropical butterflies from Trinidad 4. Dynastor macrosiris (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Brassolinae). Tropical Lepidoptera Research, 2 (2), 141 - 144." type="journal article" year="1991">Urich & Emmel 1991a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), November, December (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE89F28B6A7D5EFE96F9B737C83146" author="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O." box="[281,507,1615,1641]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" pagination="3 - 4" refId="ref35844" refString="Urich, F. C. & Boos, J. O. (1982) Metamorphosis of Dynastor macrosiris Westw. (Lepidoptera Brassolidae). Living World, 1981 - 1982, 3 - 4." type="book chapter" year="1982">Urich & Boos 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325A7888B6A7D59FF48F98B34E637FA" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="487" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6A7D5EFF48F98B35C231A2" blockId="35.[151,1437,1326,2038]" box="[199,1009,1651,1677]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF48F98B377D31A2" bold="true" box="[199,334,1651,1677]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Possibly refers to a giant individual from Greek mythology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6A7D5EFF48F96E32AB30A6" blockId="35.[151,1437,1326,2038]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF48F96E37F4319F" bold="true" box="[199,455,1686,1712]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
Photos of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54844AA18B6A7D5EFDE6F96F34E3319E" box="[617,720,1687,1713]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFD7AF96F35EF319E" authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1851" box="[757,988,1687,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Brassolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrosiris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFD7AF96F35EF319E" box="[757,988,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Brassolis macrosiris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1304E8868B6A7D5EFC64F96F320D319E" box="[1003,1086,1687,1713]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1285,1309]" captionTargetBox="[189,1391,245,1262]" captionTargetId="figure-33@36.[189,1398,237,1262]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 29. Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851). Female holotype of Dynastor macrosiris (Westwood, 1851); a. dorsal view, b. ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13269050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13269050/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the following specimens:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF18F94336D031FA" bold="true" box="[151,227,1723,1749]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFF18F94336D031FA" box="[151,227,1723,1749]" name="Peru" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFF7DF94237A231FA" authority="Huallaga" authorityName="Huallaga" box="[242,401,1722,1749]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Rio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF7DF94237A231FA" bold="true" box="[242,401,1722,1749]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Río Huallaga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—no locality,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B6A7D5EFDBFF94334A631FA" box="[560,661,1723,1749]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352908 (AMNH).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFA89F943336531FA" bold="true" box="[1286,1366,1723,1749]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B6A7D5EFA89F943336531FA" box="[1286,1366,1723,1749]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—San Juan de Polis,
|
||
<date id="FF81D2C38B6A7D5EFEB1F92737F631D6" box="[318,453,1759,1785]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="2010-11-14">14-XI-2010</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B6A7D5EFE5DF927340831D6" box="[466,571,1759,1785]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
*, Ramírez leg., OM 78.930 (DZUP-OM),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFBAEF927329831D6" authority="Momon" authorityName="Momon" box="[1057,1195,1759,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Rio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Río Momón</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFB32F92733BF31D6" box="[1213,1420,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">San Juan de Polis</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFF18F8FB36C53032" box="[151,246,1795,1821]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="925" value="-3.6166668">03°37’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFE8BF8FB37583031" box="[260,363,1795,1822]" degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="925" value="-73.416664">73°25’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC759E68B6A7D5EFEF5F8FB37F53032" box="[378,454,1795,1821]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" unit="m" value="130.0">130 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF81D2C38B6A7D5EFE5AF8FB346F3032" box="[469,604,1795,1821]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="2010-11-14">14-XI-2010</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B6A7D5EFDE5F8FB34883032" box="[618,699,1795,1821]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
, J. J. Ramírez leg. (MUSM),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFB97F8FB33133032" authority="Ampiyacu (Pebas)" box="[1048,1312,1795,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Rio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
Río Ampiyacu (
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFB5EF8FB33263032" box="[1233,1301,1795,1821]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Pebas</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, [
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFAB8F8FB33A43032" box="[1335,1431,1795,1821]" degrees="03" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="925" value="-3.3166666">03°19’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFF18F8DF3731306D" box="[151,258,1831,1858]" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="925" value="-71.85">71°51’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<quantity id="4CC759E68B6A7D5EFE99F8DF3753306E" box="[278,352,1831,1857]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF81D2C38B6A7D5EFEE3F8DF37FE306E" box="[364,461,1831,1857]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="1992-11">XI-1992</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B6A7D5EFE56F8DF340D306E" box="[473,574,1831,1857]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, H. Lequerica leg. (MUSM).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFC04F8DF35FC306E" bold="true" box="[907,975,1831,1857]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B6A7D5EFC04F8DF35FC306E" box="[907,975,1831,1857]" country="Peru" name="Pasco" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Pasco</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFC7AF8DF3213306E" box="[1013,1056,1831,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Rio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Río</taxonomicName>
|
||
] Pichis,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC759E68B6A7D5EFB0EF8DF32F8306E" box="[1153,1227,1831,1857]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B6A7D5EFB58F8DF330F306E" box="[1239,1340,1831,1857]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
, ex-coll. LeMoult, UFFLMNH MGCL 1107878 (MGCL).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFD5FF8B23508304B" bold="true" box="[720,827,1866,1892]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFD5FF8B23508304B" box="[720,827,1866,1892]" name="Brazil" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFCC3F8B235FB304B" bold="true" box="[844,968,1866,1892]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Amazonas</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F8F808B6A7D5EFC69F8B332DF304A" authority="Paulo de Olivenca" authorityName="Paulo de Olivenca" box="[998,1260,1867,1893]" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Fazenda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sao">São Paulo de Olivença</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF81D2C38B6A7D5EFB75F8B333B2304A" box="[1274,1409,1867,1893]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="1934-06-20">20-VI-1934</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B6A7D5EFA01F8B336DA30A6" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
*, ex-coll. Gagarin, DZ 2356 (DZUP).
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFD17F89634E130A6" bold="true" box="[664,722,1902,1929]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Pará</emphasis>
|
||
—Óbidos,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D393F8A8B6A7D5EFCC2F89735AD30A6" box="[845,926,1903,1929]" count="1" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||
*, DZ 54.260 (DZUP).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B80F4038B6A7D59FF48F86B34E637FA" blockId="35.[151,1437,1326,2038]" lastBlockId="36.[151,1437,150,213]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="487" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B57FE5E8B6A7D5EFF48F86B379030FE" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectingDateMax="2022-11-28" collectingDateMin="2014-08-13" country="Ecuador" latitude="5.3273335" location="Parque Nacional Yasuni" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.06625" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Orellana">
|
||
iNaturalist records:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFE36F86A34743083" bold="true" box="[441,583,1938,1964]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFE36F86A34743083" box="[441,583,1938,1964]" name="Ecuador" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFDD1F86A34F43083" bold="true" box="[606,711,1938,1964]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B6A7D5EFDD1F86A34F43083" box="[606,711,1938,1964]" country="Ecuador" name="Orellana" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">Orellana</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<location id="8EE0A2D88B6A7D5EFD6BF86B32353082" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039645158B567D59FF18F9CF34E637FA:8EE0A2D88B6A7D5EFD6BF86B32353082" box="[740,1030,1939,1965]" country="Ecuador" latitude="5.3273335" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.06625" name="Parque Nacional Yasuni" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" stateProvince="Orellana">Parque Nacional Yasuní</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFB94F86B329A3082" box="[1051,1193,1939,1965]" degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="1" seconds="26.9" value="-0.6741389">0°40’26.9”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFB31F86B33513081" box="[1214,1378,1939,1966]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="1" seconds="53.2" value="-76.39811">76°23’53.2”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF81D2C38B6A7D5EFAF8F86B36CA30FE" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="2022-11-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC52B2B8B6A7D5EFAF8F86B36CA30FE" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="2022-11-28">28- XI-2022</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, Pablo Alvia.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B57FE5E8B6A7D5EFE3CF84F36D930DA" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectingDateMax="2022-11-28" collectingDateMin="2014-08-13" country="Ecuador" latitude="5.3273335" location="Parque Nacional Yasuni" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.06625" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Orellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFE3CF84F37CC30FE" bold="true" box="[435,511,1975,2001]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFE3CF84F37CC30FE" box="[435,511,1975,2001]" name="Peru" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFD97F84E349F30FE" bold="true" box="[536,684,1974,2001]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49FB3AE18B6A7D5EFD97F84E349F30FE" box="[536,684,1974,2001]" country="Peru" name="San Martin" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">San Martín</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—Tarapoto,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFCCDF84F35E330FE" box="[834,976,1975,2001]" degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="1" seconds="2.64" value="-6.4674">6°28’2.64”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFC6AF84F329A30FE" box="[997,1193,1975,2002]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="1" seconds="45.34" value="-76.32926">76°19’45.34” W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF81D2C38B6A7D5EFB32F84F336430FE" box="[1213,1367,1975,2001]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="2014-08-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC52B2B8B6A7D5EFB32F84F336430FE" box="[1213,1367,1975,2001]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="2014-08-13">13-VIII-2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, Neil Rosser.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B57FE5E8B6A7D5EFF7AF82233AA30DA" box="[245,1433,2010,2038]" collectingDate="2014-08-13" collectingDateMax="2022-11-28" collectingDateMin="2014-08-13" country="Ecuador" latitude="5.3273335" location="Parque Nacional Yasuni" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.06625" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Orellana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94B28118B6A7D5EFF7AF82237DA30DB" bold="true" box="[245,489,2010,2036]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F328B4938B6A7D5EFF7AF82237DA30DB" box="[245,489,2010,2036]" name="French Guiana" pageId="35" pageNumber="486">FRENCH GUIANA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFCACF823358530D9" box="[803,950,2011,2038]" degrees="5" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="1" seconds="38.4" value="5.3273335">5°19’38.4”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0B92C48B6A7D5EFC48F823325830D9" box="[967,1131,2011,2038]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="03" orientation="longitude" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" precision="1" seconds="58.5" value="-54.06625">54°03’58.5”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF81D2C38B6A7D5EFBF4F823332630DA" box="[1147,1301,2011,2037]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="2020-08-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFC52B2B8B6A7D5EFBF4F823332630DA" box="[1147,1301,2011,2037]" pageId="35" pageNumber="486" value="2020-08-31">31-VIII-2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, Lejocelyn
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. (available at: inaturalist.org/observations/143197928; inaturalist.org/observations/107165178; inaturalist.org/ observations/150021014. Accessed
|
||
<date id="FF81D2C38B6D7D59FDA7FF4334FA37FA" box="[552,713,187,213]" pageId="36" pageNumber="487" value="2023-06-30">June 30, 2023</date>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |