312 lines
33 KiB
XML
312 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e98418" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1864-8312-81-289" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B6D463D417985EFD924A2E9864DF1F05" ID-ZooBank="8EE85535FA17418BB1BA6929C4EC7F34" ModsDocID="1864-8312-81-289" checkinTime="1678945397081" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kolibac, Jiri, Rosova, Katerina, Prazak, Jan Simon, Hammel, Joerg U. & Prokop, Jakub" docDate="2023" docId="F55BC91937A15F348681EE1283FCDD22" docLanguage="en" docName="ArthropodSystPhyl 81: 289-301" docOrigin="Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 81" docPubDate="2023-03-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e98418" docTitle="Cretorhadalus constantini Kolibac & Prokop gen. et 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="1D88FD1F-B283-4738-A7FC-BA95C2ECD61E" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="B6D463D417985EFD924A2E9864DF1F05" lastPageNumber="289" masterDocId="B6D463D417985EFD924A2E9864DF1F05" masterDocTitle="The first larva of the cucujiform superfamily Cleroidea from the Mesozoic and its ecological implications (Coleoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="301" masterPageNumber="289" pageNumber="289" updateTime="1678945698181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The first larva of the cucujiform superfamily Cleroidea from the Mesozoic and its ecological implications (Coleoptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kolibac, Jiri</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-7084</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Moravian museum, Department of Entomology, Hviezdoslavova 29 a, 62700 Brno, Czechia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jkolibac@mzm.cz</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rosova, Katerina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Vinicna 7, 12800 Prague 2, Czechia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Prazak, Jan Simon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7438-2548</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Vinicna 7, 12800 Prague 2, Czechia & Museum of Eastern Bohemia in Hradec Kralove, Eliscino nabrezi 465, 500 03 Hradec Kralove 3, Czechia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hammel, Joerg U.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-6811</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Prokop, Jakub</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Vinicna 7, 12800 Prague 2, Czechia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-03-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>81</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>289</mods:start>
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<mods:end>301</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e98418</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.81.e98418</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1864-8312-81-289</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8EE85535FA17418BB1BA6929C4EC7F34</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">B6D463D417985EFD924A2E9864DF1F05</mods:identifier>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="289" type="3. systematic palaeontology">
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1D88FD1F-B283-4738-A7FC-BA95C2ECD61E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F55BC91937A15F348681EE1283FCDD22" lastPageNumber="289" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="289" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/1D88FD1F-B283-4738-A7FC-BA95C2ECD61E" authority="Kolibáč & Prokop gen. et" authorityName="Kolibac & Prokop gen. et" authorityYear="2023" family="Rhadalidae" genus="Cretorhadalus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cretorhadalus constantini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rank="species" species="constantini" status="sp. nov.">
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Cretorhadalus constantini
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kolibáč">Kolibac</normalizedToken>
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& Prokop gen. et
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="289">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="289" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Maxillolabial complex of Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. Dotted lines indicate indistinct margins. Cranium apparently compressed and its ventral side artificially wide open; that is why gular sutures seem divergent and widely separated. The length of the gular sutures is not clear." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825218" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">, 5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="289" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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Holotype
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PřFUK">PrFUK</normalizedToken>
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20 preserved in a polished, transparent yellow piece of amber (18.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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9.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3.6 mm); deposited in the collection of Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Prague.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="289" type="type stratum">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Type stratum.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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Lowermost Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous); age based on U-Pb dating of zircon crystals from the volcaniclastic matrix (
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<bibRefCitation author="Shi, G" journalOrPublisher="Cretaceous Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" pagination="155 - 163" refId="B47" refString="Shi, G, Grimaldi, DA, Harlow, GE, Wang, J, Wang, J, Wang, M, Lei, W, Li, Q, Li, X, 2012. Age constraint on Burmese amber based on U-Pb dating of zircons. Cretaceous Research 37: 155 - 163" title="Age constraint on Burmese amber based on U-Pb dating of zircons." volume="37" year="2012">Shi et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="289" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Hukawng Valley, Kachin State, northern Myanmar.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="289" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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Body length from clypeus to the last abdominal segment (excluding urogomphi) 2.41 mm. For other measurements see Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Measurements of some body parts of Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. (in millimetres)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F0D1901C543113DF0F2B3C631503C56F" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" tableUuid="F0D1901C543113DF0F2B3C631503C56F">3</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="F0D1901C543113DF0F2B3C631503C56F" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F0D1901C543113DF0F2B3C631503C56F" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Table 3.</emphasis>
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Measurements of some body parts of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kolibac & Prokop gen. et" authorityYear="2023" family="Rhadalidae" genus="Cretorhadalus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cretorhadalus constantini" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rank="species" species="constantini">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Cretorhadalus constantini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">gen.</emphasis>
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et
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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(in millimetres).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<table pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Body part</emphasis>
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</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Measurements</emphasis>
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Body length from clypeus, excl. urogomphi</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">2.41</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Body length from clypeus, incl. urogomphi</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">2.59</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Head capsule anterior, max. width</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.36</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Head capsule base, width</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.28</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Head capsule, max. length</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.34</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Antenna, length incl. connecting membrane</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.22</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Antennomeres 1+2+3, length</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.03+0.04+0.05</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Prothorax, width</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.42</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Prothorax, length</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.31</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Mesothorax, width</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.47</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Mesothorax, length</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.22</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Metathorax, width</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.52</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Metathorax, length</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.24</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Metafemur, length</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.16</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Metatibia, length</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.14</td>
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</tr>
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<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">Urogomphi, approx. circumference</td>
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<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" rowspan="1">0.21</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
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Body habitus and pubescence (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1A, B</figureCitation>
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): Body elongate, whitish, sclerotized parts brown. Head capsule, urogomphi and dorsal part of abdominal segment IX heavily sclerotized, dark brown (urogomphi lighter than tergite IX); prosternum, protergum and mesotergum with sclerotized brown plates; metathorax and abdomen up to segment VIII whitish. Cranium with long sparse pubescence dispersed irregularly (c. 50-60 setae on dorsal side and c. 20 setae on ventral side); dorsum of thoracic segments with c. 10-15 long setae; legs with few long setae; abdominal segments I-VIII with dorsally about 2-4 long and laterally about 5 setae; sides of abdominal segments IX-X with dense and long pubescence, urogomphi also with long setae. Ventral sides of thoracic and abdominal segments with shorter and sparser pubescence. -
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Head</emphasis>
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: Cranium approximately as wide as long, lateral sides weakly rounded (convex), its anterior margin wider than base (Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of larvae of major cleroid families or lineages." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FF7B436D72742384473AD022369B1BA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="289" tableUuid="FF7B436D72742384473AD022369B1BA9">1</tableCitation>
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; Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Comparison of frontal sutures and shapes of cranium: A Phycosecis (Phycosecidae). B Danacea (Dasytidae). C Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. D Aplocnemus (Rhadalidae)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825217" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">4C</figureCitation>
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); five stemmata occur on each side with the formula 2+3 (two posterior and three anterior) (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">2C</figureCitation>
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); frontal arms distinctly Y-shaped, with branches curved at half their length and divergent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Comparison of frontal sutures and shapes of cranium: A Phycosecis (Phycosecidae). B Danacea (Dasytidae). C Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. D Aplocnemus (Rhadalidae)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825217" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">4C</figureCitation>
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); median endocarina absent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1C</figureCitation>
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); frontoclypeal suture present (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1A, C</figureCitation>
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); gular sutures widely separated, subparallel, virtually extending to anterior part of cranium (Fig.
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||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Maxillolabial complex of Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. Dotted lines indicate indistinct margins. Cranium apparently compressed and its ventral side artificially wide open; that is why gular sutures seem divergent and widely separated. The length of the gular sutures is not clear." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825218" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">5</figureCitation>
|
||
); hypostomal rods absent; paragular sclerites absent. Gular region membranous and pale, its middle part nearly reaching midpoint of cranium so that the maxillolabial complex reaches slightly beyond half of cranium; head capsule is ventrally open, without bridge along anterior margin (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Maxillolabial complex of Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. Dotted lines indicate indistinct margins. Cranium apparently compressed and its ventral side artificially wide open; that is why gular sutures seem divergent and widely separated. The length of the gular sutures is not clear." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825218" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1D</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">2B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
): 3-segmented, 1st antennomere shorter than 2nd, the latter obliquely truncated and shorter than 3rd; sensory appendix relatively short and stout, triangular, not extending behind one quarter of 3rd antennomere, which is relatively slender and long, with long seta on apex. -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Mandible</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
): bidentate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
), that is with two apical teeth situated side by side; other mandibular structures not visible in fossil. -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Maxilla</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Maxillolabial complex of Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. Dotted lines indicate indistinct margins. Cranium apparently compressed and its ventral side artificially wide open; that is why gular sutures seem divergent and widely separated. The length of the gular sutures is not clear." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825218" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">5</figureCitation>
|
||
): mala small, triangular, with at least 3 thick long setae along outer margin; pedunculate seta not observed; palpi 3-segmented, 1st and 2nd palpomeres equal in length, terminal palpomere coniform and longer than 1 or 2; cardo and stipes distinctly separated; cardo narrow and transverse, much smaller than stipes (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Maxillolabial complex of Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. Dotted lines indicate indistinct margins. Cranium apparently compressed and its ventral side artificially wide open; that is why gular sutures seem divergent and widely separated. The length of the gular sutures is not clear." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825218" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Maxillolabial complex of Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. Dotted lines indicate indistinct margins. Cranium apparently compressed and its ventral side artificially wide open; that is why gular sutures seem divergent and widely separated. The length of the gular sutures is not clear." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825218" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">5</figureCitation>
|
||
): ligula small, pale, membranous, ciliate, rounded; palpi 2-segmented, terminal palpomere cylindrical, about twice as long as basal palpomere; prementum in single part (not divided); border of postmentum not conspicuous. -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Labrum</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Maxillolabial complex of Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. Dotted lines indicate indistinct margins. Cranium apparently compressed and its ventral side artificially wide open; that is why gular sutures seem divergent and widely separated. The length of the gular sutures is not clear." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825218" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">5</figureCitation>
|
||
): free; anterior margin wide and convex, with about 6 long setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Maxillolabial complex of Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov. Dotted lines indicate indistinct margins. Cranium apparently compressed and its ventral side artificially wide open; that is why gular sutures seem divergent and widely separated. The length of the gular sutures is not clear." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825218" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">5</figureCitation>
|
||
); other details not visible. -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1A, B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
): protergum heavily sclerotized and pigmented, with single large tergal plate longitudinally divided by medial suture; mesotergum with pair of small but distinctly pigmented and sclerotized tergites; structure of metatergum the same as that of mesotergum, but sclerites slightly smaller (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral part of pro-, meso- and metathorax without distinctly pigmented sclerites. -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1B, C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Coxae projecting; trochanters rather triangular; femora longer than tibiae; tarsunguli without visible setae. -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: segments I-VIII membranous, their terga without sclerites (tergites) or pigmented plates (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
); segment IX with single tergite (not transversely divided into two parts) bearing a pair of slender hooked urogomphi (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov., X-ray μCT renderings: A Head and thorax, anterior and / or ventral view. B Head, ventral view. C Head, anterior view. D Head, dorsolateral view. E Mandibles, ventral view. F Habitus, dorsal view (without segment IX)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825215" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">2E</figureCitation>
|
||
); median process or glandular openings on or between urogomphi not visible, but it is possible that a pair of membranous appendages are present approximately at the centre of tergite IX; urogomphi without large tubercles, relatively slender, conspicuously turned upwards, well-developed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Cretorhadalus constantini gen. et sp. nov.: A Habitus, dorsal view. B Habitus, ventrolateral view. C Head and thorax, dorsal view. D Urogomphi, dorsolateral view. E Head, ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825214" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">1E</figureCitation>
|
||
; cf. Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Larva of Malachiidae (cf. Ebaeus): A Head, dorsal view. B Urogomphi. Larva of Melyris scutellaris: C Head, dorsal view. D Urogomphi." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.81.e98418.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825216" pageId="0" pageNumber="289">3B, D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="289" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="289">
|
||
The specific epithet honours Robert Constantin (Saint
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lô">Lo</normalizedToken>
|
||
, France), the eminent specialist of beetles in the melyrid lineage and leading authority on their larvae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |