125 lines
9.8 KiB
XML
125 lines
9.8 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a15ec661-e796-4207-8509-756590c75c0e" ID-PMC="PMC4389221" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-493-1" ID-PubMed="25878545" ID-ZBK="1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-493-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 493" ModsDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" checkinTime="1451244490299" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Noort, Simon van, Buffington, Matthew L. & Forshage, Mattias" docDate="2015" docId="3C67523668356C7EEB507027F4A714B0" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 493: 1-176" docOrigin="ZooKeys 493" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353" docTitle="Didyctium Riley 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="94" masterDocId="DD2DFF8EFFC4FFA2FFD7FFE4FFB46007" masterDocTitle="Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="176" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="93" updateTime="1668160156725" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Buffington, Matthew L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Forshage, Mattias</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>493</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>176</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.493.6353</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-493-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1FBFFA4CA71F495CAD22F2EB680FEF95</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152059169" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C67523668356C7EEB507027F4A714B0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C67523668356C7EEB507027F4A714B0" lastPageId="93" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<subSubSection pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Figitidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName authority="Riley, 1879" authorityName="Riley" authorityYear="1879" class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Didyctium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didyctium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Didyctium Riley, 1879</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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Among the most common genera of eucoilines in the Afrotropical region (yet not recorded by Quinlan). Not always certainly distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Ganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ganaspis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Hexacola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hexacola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hexacola</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Endecameris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endecameris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Endecameris</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Didyctium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didyctium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Didyctium</taxonomicName>
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are usually recognisable through the combination of a concave scutellar plate and the characteristically half-open marginal cell. Furthermore, unlike in typical representatives of the closely related
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Ganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ganaspis</taxonomicName>
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, the head is transverse (not deep), the mesosoma is short (propodeum not extended), the coxae bear small hair tufts (not elongate hairlines), the scutellar plate is relatively small, the lateral bars of the scutellum are striate, and the posterior margin of the metapleuron is straight (not with a circular or elongate incision). However, the diverse
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Ganaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ganaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ganaspis</taxonomicName>
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may vary in all these traits.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Didyctium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didyctium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Didyctium</taxonomicName>
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females usually have very unusual antennae, where the flagellomeres are strongly differentiated into very short annelli and very long club articles. Very small specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Didyctium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didyctium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Didyctium</taxonomicName>
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approach the character states of
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Figitidae" genus="Endecameris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endecameris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Endecameris</taxonomicName>
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, and the boundary between the two genera is uncertain.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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<paragraph pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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Figure 30.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Didyctium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didyctium" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Didyctium</taxonomicName>
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species (Kenya). A habitus lateral view B head and mesosoma dorsal view C propodeal plate anterior dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="93" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="93" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
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Worldwide. Afrotropical records: Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Comoros, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="93" pageNumber="94" start="start">Republic</pageBreakToken>
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of Congo, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe (here).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
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Attacks
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<taxonomicName family="Phoridae" lsidName="" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" rank="family">Phoridae</taxonomicName>
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and other flies in concealed habitats (
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<bibRefCitation author="Beardsley, JW" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings, Hawaiian Entomological Society" pageId="148" pageNumber="149" pagination="165 - 193" title="Hawaiian Eucoilidae (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea), key to genera and taxonomic notes on apparently non-endemic species." volume="29" year="1989">Beardsley 1989</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Riley, CV" editor="Comstock, JH" journalOrPublisher="Washington" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" pagination="197 - 198" title="(anonymous)" volumeTitle="Report upon cotton insects" year="1879">Riley 1879</bibRefCitation>
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, label data); no host records are from Africa.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="species richness">
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<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Species richness.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Didyctium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Didyctium naivashae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="naivashae">Didyctium naivashae</taxonomicName>
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(Kieffer, 1913b), comb. n. (
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Figitidae" genus="Cothonaspis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cothonaspis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cothonaspis</taxonomicName>
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) Type in MNHN studied by MF (Kenya, Rwanda)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Numerous African species remain to be described.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |