treatments-xml/data/02/23/0A/02230A6D3A075E0DA7B0FA1F8D8F9C12.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.232.110110" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-232-145" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B24E305A09B9582DBFDBAD8120894678" ModsDocID="1314-2003-232-145" checkinTime="1695263963467" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Goyder, David J., Davies, Nina, Finckh, Manfred, Gomes, Amandio, Goncalves, Francisco Maiato P., Meller, Paulina &amp; Paton, Alan J." docDate="2023" docId="02230A6D3A075E0DA7B0FA1F8D8F9C12" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 232: 145-166" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 232" docPubDate="2023-09-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.232.110110" docTitle="Cochlospermum adjanyae Goyder &amp; Amandio Gomes 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="B24E305A09B9582DBFDBAD8120894678" lastPageNumber="145" masterDocId="B24E305A09B9582DBFDBAD8120894678" masterDocTitle="New species of Asclepias (Apocynaceae), Baphia (Leguminosae), Cochlospermum (Bixaceae) and Endostemon (Lamiaceae) from the Kalahari sands of Angola and NW Zambia, with one new combination in Vangueria (Rubiaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="166" masterPageNumber="145" pageNumber="145" updateTime="1695263963467" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="088C3C29354D14DACF60F2742E73D1ED">New species of Asclepias (Apocynaceae), Baphia (Leguminosae), Cochlospermum (Bixaceae) and Endostemon (Lamiaceae) from the Kalahari sands of Angola and NW Zambia, with one new combination in Vangueria (Rubiaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EA383726340FCFA920C91D3BC6F23AD8">Goyder, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6904A562273CBAD680369386EF30C795">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW 9 3 AE, London, UK &amp; National Geographic Okavango Wilderness Project, Wild Bird Trust, Hogsback, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="56D9363F96079B8E7DAFC48E5D886A26" type="email">d.goyder@kew.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D2A38EA396A11B0223B5F4DAFDCA1193">Davies, Nina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8B61297E76567C824946073AA0D2A932">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW 9 3 AE, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="60B4585F83474A280E88A65ABD72CECB">Finckh, Manfred</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2FF9A853CA6FA6C52CC8502DBEE61A9B" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2186-0854</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9BE7273B13C236AC59660473271C84ED">Institute for Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4C7D5250F91E421B2875CDE9866A6E79">Gomes, Amandio</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CA1179AEF83749E684571ECE8705CC14" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7812-5490</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DA9A728557FC202472F3AB08969C39CB">National Geographic Okavango Wilderness Project, Wild Bird Trust, Hogsback, South Africa &amp; Natural Science Faculty of Agostinho Neto University, Luanda, Angola</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BBB420B1B6A6EF6F0D9BFAC7CE4BB77B">Goncalves, Francisco Maiato P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E68287B1F8AB3B24A006663F5A92AB34" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8859-7491</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="62F3D2B955EE6C70BBF31FEF0002E729">National Geographic Okavango Wilderness Project, Wild Bird Trust, Hogsback, South Africa &amp; Herbarium of Lubango, ISCED-Huila, Lubango, Angola</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1174272ECC92C55E97C3FD764428B8E4">Meller, Paulina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="475ADC978AD5ECBDE9301B3D11847ACD">Institute for Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F975A85D132D4C7148830874D9CEA27C">Paton, Alan J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BF457AD041F9BA177341EB1955581868">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, TW 9 3 AE, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="6712B83B434033E9C48CAE87144455AB">2023</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="67548C5FFD5E7C4A45FCB1F4ADE150C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="5116496EE2EFBDD58D509EA640676A2C" LSID="02230A6D-3A07-5E0D-A7B0-FA1F8D8F9C12" authority="Goyder &amp; Amândio Gomes" authorityName="Goyder &amp; Amandio Gomes" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cochlospermaceae" genus="Cochlospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochlospermum adjanyae" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adjanyae" status="sp. nov.">
Cochlospermum adjanyae Goyder &amp; 
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Gomes
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A0AEACB339DFEE02742AB6FE03E8F57C" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="7B4E5B473AE4226B430EF9779A28B91D" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="68BAC3B31B4D7D9979D91AD10BF97DA0" authorityName="Goyder &amp; Amandio Gomes" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cochlospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochlospermum adjanyae" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adjanyae">
<emphasis id="A45C0674BC54E6E21EE693E774B0F193" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Cochlospermum adjanyae</emphasis>
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differs from all African species of the genus in possessing palmatisect rather than palmatifid or lobed leaves, with discrete leaflets rather than partially connate lobes.
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<typeStatus id="D2DFD0F821FC23B72686DABEDD4912DA">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A1803D1A1B266108CDA13DBEB9168C9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<materialsCitation id="FE68DF9FA59A40E988D0FC3F5CCF29CD" collectingDate="2019-11-20" collectorName="D. Goyder, A. Gomes" country="Angola" latitude="-12.61389" location="Lungue-Bungo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="18.79972" municipality="Lungue-Bungo valley" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Moxico Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="4A2C8E5D5512CC3BD1C3598B29B40F0C" name="Angola">Angola</collectingCountry>
. 
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: 
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valley
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, 
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<quantity id="2F10EC0E66D3F9BC17895A79012451DB" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="50.0">50 km</quantity>
S of Munhango
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, near 
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<location id="5A7BA34D6AACFC52A5EE7ADA599B7735" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:02230A6D3A075E0DA7B0FA1F8D8F9C12:5A7BA34D6AACFC52A5EE7ADA599B7735" country="Angola" latitude="-12.61389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="18.79972" municipality="Lungue-Bungo valley" name="Lungue-Bungo" stateProvince="Moxico Province">Lungue-Bungo</location>
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bridge, 
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, 
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, fl. 
<collectingDate id="C8B0AF0940CCD3A6DD93166907D4B66C" value="2019-11-20">20 November 2019</collectingDate>
, 
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<collectorName id="964313BC8B8CC5F463CB102E6FC428E8">D.Goyder</collectorName>
&amp; 
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</emphasis>
9002 (
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: K (K001334241); isotypes: INBAC, LUBA, PRE)
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.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B59E009121539AB2A5D04934F84356F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="description">
<paragraph id="1622D62A54A35C58CB8881106886593D" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA6D00730404CC81900F5E10517902E5" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
Geoxylic suffrutex forming diffuse but discrete patches several metres across; above-ground stems 10-20 cm tall, sub-erect, glabrous, burned off in the dry season. Leaves palmate with (4-)5 leaflets; stipules c. 3 mm long, narrowly triangular; petioles (2-)4-6 cm long, glabrous except for a minute rusty pubescence at the junction with the leaflets; leaflets reducing in size from the central leaflet to the lateral and basal ones, central leaflet 3-5 cm long, 1.2-2 cm wide, elliptic to slightly obovate, acute or occasionally obtuse apically, the base somewhat cuneate, margins serrate at least in the upper half, glabrous except for a minute rusty pubescence at the junction with the petiole adaxially. Inflorescences minutely rusty-puberulent, terminal on the leafy shoots, with 1-3 flowers; peduncles 2.5-3 cm long; sepals subequal, 11-15 
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7-8 mm, broadly ovate or elliptic, rounded apically, minutely rusty-puberulent and with occasional dark streaks, the outer pair more deeply coloured than the inner three; petals c. 3 
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2-2.3 cm, obovate, rounded or slightly emarginate, bright yellow with linear red streaks. Stamens numerous (80+), yellow; anthers c. 5 mm long, straight or weakly curved, apical pore 0.5-1 mm long. Ovary c. 2 mm in diameter, glabrous. Fruit not seen. (Figs 
<figureCitation id="D21702F610AA0805EF6ED10A757C7917" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 2. Cochlospermum adjanyae A, B habit C flower D ovary and style E stamens. Drawn by Margaret Tebbs from Goyder &amp; Gomes 9002." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.232.110110.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/908499" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">2</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="5F3C944CDF484CDC1C167A60D2A6B99E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 3. Cochlospermum adjanyae. Photographed by Chris Boyes at the type locality." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.232.110110.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/908500" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="28E6A25E69971F3A4E6F4C0713393CE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="59EAD82D0208A8384A7B6BED9110524E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B1586A8C08104DDEA0D07180D7DA70A5" authorityName="Goyder &amp; Amandio Gomes" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cochlospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochlospermum adjanyae" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adjanyae">
<emphasis id="96C5A184EB41033C2FE853C66BCF28A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Cochlospermum adjanyae</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B2DCF570BFBE2DB5347D5DDA85487B1B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">A, B</emphasis>
habit 
<emphasis id="0A5132955435C06E31777945760D35C1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C</emphasis>
flower 
<emphasis id="F61ADFD2E79A4E8B931CEC46153221E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">D</emphasis>
ovary and style 
<emphasis id="EF2147CFC22C1B389DABD049FD3C26DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">E</emphasis>
stamens. Drawn by Margaret Tebbs from 
<emphasis id="CAD786FF3488F2AC253795C3FFF6C5A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Goyder &amp; Gomes</emphasis>
9002.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="500B4003DB026D8A94798E023C921C19" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.232.110110.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/908500" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" start="Figure 3" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="52C44B695F2BF9E6D6EF903118E0A7C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="EBDFF0DBF42F13EF88FC9BC26DD03407" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="DB888E0912E56FE00FE83154E64C6F71" authorityName="Goyder &amp; Amandio Gomes" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cochlospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochlospermum adjanyae" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adjanyae">
<emphasis id="9D419B98714FD69B2ACDDC391E4BA947" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Cochlospermum adjanyae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Photographed by Chris Boyes at the type locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="836B74D8353D94A2FD737D696B87E31D" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="42213F861305236CC0A1080FD3A8D695" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="68906EEC2D2883C3224CB5DA53977A32" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
Found only once in flower in grassland rich in geoxylic suffrutices on deep Kalahari sand. Material in bud had been encountered, but not collected, the day before in a similar grassland some 15 km to the NW along with the new species of 
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<emphasis id="EAFD1CC67B4EB3EFEBDF4BDEDFDDFB31" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Baphia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described below and other geoxyles such as 
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<emphasis id="49C014CCD4D66E521986F97596130420" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Sclerocroton oblongifolius</emphasis>
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(
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.Arg.) Kruijt &amp; Roebers, 
<taxonomicName id="E1841B427B383AD1D4DA55F3B1FBAA75" class="Dicotyledones" family="Rosaceae" genus="Parinari" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parinari capensis" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="capensis">
<emphasis id="521492E1AEC22CC531FD592579D8C4A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Parinari capensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="377C1E02D70347A7AA30A5470B53D75A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Entada" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Entada arenaria" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="arenaria">
<emphasis id="A9158ADC8A5ED972CCDC7B32A307B400" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Entada arenaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schinz and 
<taxonomicName id="6615F7030895A9A50BA23DCD586D58B4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Englerophytum" higherTaxonomySource="IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Englerophytum magalismontanum" order="Primulales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="magalismontanum">
<emphasis id="81DBCFF214AF7A446B65122E70F05982" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Englerophytum magalismontanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Sond.) T.D.Penn. The fact that this conspicuously flowered species was seen only on the November 2019 expedition and not on earlier ones through the same valley system (late rainy season; early and mid-dry season) suggests that populations are highly localised and that the flowering period is short, at the end of the dry season, and perhaps dependent on rainfall following fire. Altitude 1285-1340 m. (Map 
<figureCitation id="061A761EA368D6D200A45E5E20CCB0B5" captionStart="Map 2" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Map 2. Known distribution of Cochlospermum adjanyae." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.232.110110.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/908501" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6E637698265A5F6E22A92316C0EB3AC6" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.232.110110.map2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/908501" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" start="Map 2" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="1956848F1770B32ABEC29D0873B334BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="A3543DB50310E01EAD8A34B16E667B31" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Map 2.</emphasis>
Known distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="18F91A71B62761BF0CC6840F05E658D0" authorityName="Goyder &amp; Amandio Gomes" authorityYear="2023" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cochlospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochlospermum adjanyae" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adjanyae">
<emphasis id="8E28AA5F9501BF6B60100814D57B8F95" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Cochlospermum adjanyae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A60AD401C5D54530493BD319043A0DC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="24ACC97780C1C668D96FF52B101EF4E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6F5AB04483DBD18ED03F78B2E922DA14" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
The specific epithet honours Adjany Costa who was part of the core National Geographic Okavango Wilderness Project headwaters team from the first expedition in 2015 until she left to pursue academic studies at Oxford University in 2019. Initially, she supported freshwater fish specialists Paul Skelton and Ben van der Waal, recording and preserving freshwater fish diversity from the Cuito source to the Delta, before developing the communities programme with Chris and Steve Boyes. She was a National Geographic Young Explorer, starred in the National Geographic documentary film &quot;Into the Okavango&quot;, and was awarded the United 
<normalizedToken id="15F0818DB3260CDD84AABE5154A2A8E4" originalValue="Nation’s">Nation's</normalizedToken>
Young Champions of the Earth Prize for Africa in 2019.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DB5D4D2DC51566FAEC6597F3EFE0B4E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="conservation status">
<paragraph id="5F7D7ED79A39631E907BAB09C65D6CA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD628FEF700AFEF376F2AA7BFAC377F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
While 
<taxonomicName id="3211AF70DCF88A5F9385E6B2025D4346" genus="Cochlostemum" lsidName="Cochlostemum adjanyae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="adjanyae">
<emphasis id="3CC7C6F58CF4F1B01047DD0E5DD48B12" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Cochlostemum adjanyae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from a single locality, these geoxyle-rich grasslands are not currently threatened as this nutrient-poor sandy environment is not conducive to agricultural development. The environment does not support many human settlements, which are few and far between. The species is probably best assessed as Data Deficient.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="748D58B3105BF169BEA4450BA26D0346" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="taxonomic notes">
<paragraph id="3B9F5FF50BFD7B14551C074DA824003F" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A1DB3AB6B68CF238B159B08FCBFF9BBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="E5F0D7A13B5CF8A572CA1117D5DE5E1E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cochlospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochlospermum" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="92A6821196F071D4B82E782A144F7BCA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Cochlospermum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kunth is a pantropical genus of around 16 species of trees, shrubs and geoxylic suffrutices, or if expanded to include the herbaceous neotropical genus 
<taxonomicName id="A0FFC07D8444D9A5F1D965A6E559C3B4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bixaceae" genus="Amoreuxia" higherTaxonomySource="IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Amoreuxia" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="03325470EFF70A619F6CC9FADC2CF7B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Amoreuxia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DC., 20 species. 
<taxonomicName id="76045445D71F71CE30CF4FBCFF8EA355" lsidName="C. noldeae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="noldeae">
<emphasis id="07A14774CA52B44B776BCD2868B106B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C. noldeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Poppend. from NE Angola, 
<taxonomicName id="FE3BB1A06EC60FEBFA9FD9599CDBEF29" lsidName="C. macnamarae" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="macnamarae">
<emphasis id="286846B281A922C6FDC1A4E332409DAA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C. macnamarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hislop, K.R.Thiele &amp; Brassington and 
<taxonomicName id="62B602FFB747F16DFBB6BD77723D5BAF" lsidName="C. arafuricum" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="arafuricum">
<emphasis id="2D42BFBB38E6672B939C7AB5DCA36118" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C. arafuricum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cowie &amp; R.A.Kerrigan from Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="488D15A8A2F778B5E26836E5651D0D18" author="Poppendieck, H-H" editor="Thiede, J" journalOrPublisher="Succulent Plant Research in Africa. Festschrift Prof. Dr. Hans-Dieter Ihlenfeldt" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="225 - 235" refId="B46" refString="Poppendieck, H-H, 2004. A new species of Cochlospermum (Cochlospermaceae) from Angola with notes on its collector Ilse von Nolde and her botanical illustrations. In: Thiede, J, Ed., Sukkulentenforschung in Afrika. Succulent Plant Research in Africa. Festschrift Prof. Dr. Hans-Dieter Ihlenfeldt: 225 - 235" title="A new species of Cochlospermum (Cochlospermaceae) from Angola with notes on its collector Ilse von Nolde and her botanical illustrations." volumeTitle="Sukkulentenforschung in Afrika." year="2004">Poppendieck 2004</bibRefCitation>
(see nomenclatural note below), 
<bibRefCitation id="9A51673BCBAD086690578D3E2A0B089A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.58828/nuy00681" author="Hislop, M" journalOrPublisher="Nuytsia" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="89 - 94" refId="B34" refString="Hislop, M, Thiele, KR, Brassington, D, 2013. Cochlospermum macnamarae (Bixaceae), a rare, new endemic from the Pilbara bioregion of Western Australia. Nuytsia 23: 89 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.58828/nuy00681" title="Cochlospermum macnamarae (Bixaceae), a rare, new endemic from the Pilbara bioregion of Western Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.58828/nuy00681" volume="23" year="2013">Hislop et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="DE2F5C3C37BB4CBCD041C91904892210" DOI="https://doi.org/10.7751/telopea8529" author="Cowie, ID" journalOrPublisher="Telopea" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="135 - 140" refId="B4" refString="Cowie, ID, Kerrigan, RA, 2015. A new species of Cochlospermum (Bixaceae) from Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia. Telopea 18: 135 - 140, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7751/telopea8529" title="A new species of Cochlospermum (Bixaceae) from Arnhem Land, Northern Territory, Australia." url="https://doi.org/10.7751/telopea8529" volume="18" year="2015">Cowie and Kerrigan 2015</bibRefCitation>
) were described after 
<bibRefCitation id="2FB37947050BBB3EFACD19FEAB1D0DCD" author="Poppendieck, H-H" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="191 - 265" refId="B45" refString="Poppendieck, H-H, 1980. A monograph of the Cochlospermaceae. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 101: 191 - 265" title="A monograph of the Cochlospermaceae." volume="101" year="1980">
<normalizedToken id="C96E52F826CAFFBECC4017F33106F7EC" originalValue="Poppendieck’s">Poppendieck's</normalizedToken>
(1980)
</bibRefCitation>
monograph of the group where he had recognised 12 species. Irrespective of the circumscription of the genus, molecular evidence presented by 
<bibRefCitation id="8DF61FBF62166F3437C15C3087F4C605" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X695457" author="Johnson-Fulton, SB" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="271 - 282" refId="B36" refString="Johnson-Fulton, SB, Watson, LE, 2017. Phylogenetic systematics of Cochlospermaceae (Malvales) based on molecular and morphological evidence. Systematic Botany 42 (2): 271 - 282, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X695457" title="Phylogenetic systematics of Cochlospermaceae (Malvales) based on molecular and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X695457" volume="42" year="2017">Johnson-Fulton and Watson (2017)</bibRefCitation>
supports the monophyly of 
<taxonomicName id="85F0B7C893CD5D5882D9E8BBD485A503" authority="Cochlospermum" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cochlospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochlospermum (Cochlospermum) subsp. subgenus" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cochlospermum">Cochlospermum subgenus Cochlospermum</taxonomicName>
sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="778B03F88B633148B9502C43C68D6096" author="Poppendieck, H-H" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="191 - 265" refId="B45" refString="Poppendieck, H-H, 1980. A monograph of the Cochlospermaceae. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 101: 191 - 265" title="A monograph of the Cochlospermaceae." volume="101" year="1980">Poppendieck (1980)</bibRefCitation>
, which comprises two species from Central and South America (
<taxonomicName id="27687E0D50A272744A7BC5903D1AB203" lsidName="C. vitifolium" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="vitifolium">
<emphasis id="42E2642E33B305B43639BEDCAAD9532F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C. vitifolium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Willd.) Spreng. and 
<taxonomicName id="8424808A869F24010D36B49F822A01A7" lsidName="C. regium" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="regium">
<emphasis id="4287F238E9C4B5E4FBB72EE7FDB883B3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C. regium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mart. ex Schrank) Pilg.), and all the paleotropical species. 
<bibRefCitation id="4266833DFCE7D10FD92C718A9809B083" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X695457" author="Johnson-Fulton, SB" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="271 - 282" refId="B36" refString="Johnson-Fulton, SB, Watson, LE, 2017. Phylogenetic systematics of Cochlospermaceae (Malvales) based on molecular and morphological evidence. Systematic Botany 42 (2): 271 - 282, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X695457" title="Phylogenetic systematics of Cochlospermaceae (Malvales) based on molecular and morphological evidence." url="https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X695457" volume="42" year="2017">Johnson-Fulton and Watson (2017)</bibRefCitation>
argue that the geoxylic habit evolved just once from an ancestral arboreal lifeform - all but one of the African taxa are geoxyles, together with a single neotropical species, 
<taxonomicName id="BFE7DAD428E50CE744B30C988C71F3C0" lsidName="C. regium" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="regium">
<emphasis id="97F061B15609D807964E41ACD9C72F93" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C. regium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from 
<emphasis id="1EA1A0ED8E5A2C0ED636195AE4349A5A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">cerrado</emphasis>
(savanna) regions of Brazil, Paraguay and Bolivia. The remaining species are trees or shrubs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="25BED079BBD35CCDEA9749BEC7DCE182" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
Species of 
<taxonomicName id="24A382F598F5CCE3805C60963ACDEB74" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cochlospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochlospermum (Cochlospermum) subsp. subg." order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cochlospermum">Cochlospermum subg. Cochlospermum</taxonomicName>
have a single apical pore to the anthers, and in addition to growth form, can be distinguished by leaf indentation or lobing, indumentum, and the position and timing of flowers on the shoots. A collection made in the geoxyle-rich 
<normalizedToken id="A773F5C861509025BA019345EDB2C6CD" originalValue="Lungué-Bungo">Lungue-Bungo</normalizedToken>
valley grasslands of Moxico in November 2019 is unique in the African species in having palmatisect leaves, divided to the base rather than being merely lobed. The only other taxon in the subgenus with this leaf character is the nomenclaturally illegitimate 
<taxonomicName id="49C29E45BD3D93A2132189CF8AEE1423" lsidName="C. gillivrayi subsp. gregorii" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="subSpecies" species="gillivrayi" subSpecies="gregorii">C. gillivrayi Benth. subsp. gregorii</taxonomicName>
(F.Muell.) Poppend., an Australian tree. The Angolan material is described as a new species. It is perhaps closest morphologically to 
<taxonomicName id="507133DE3BD6B99A3A3FDE8C2AC03409" lsidName="C. wittei" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="wittei">
<emphasis id="36E1B173D7F380D1A8EEF0DFCD0715D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C. wittei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Robyns from the Upemba region of Katanga. 
<taxonomicName id="F482BEA161B20FD69D56FCF3DA5D9E22" authorityName="Robyns" authorityYear="1963" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cochlospermum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cochlospermum wittei" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wittei">
<emphasis id="17EB26A3062BDFA28E2F841B9C4F1EF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Cochlospermum wittei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also associated with savanna and woodland on sand plateaux (
<bibRefCitation id="F516EBAD35998B74B05BD1E9CAEC85D7" author="Poppendieck, H-H" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" pagination="191 - 265" refId="B45" refString="Poppendieck, H-H, 1980. A monograph of the Cochlospermaceae. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 101: 191 - 265" title="A monograph of the Cochlospermaceae." volume="101" year="1980">Poppendieck 1980</bibRefCitation>
) but these are nearly 1000 km to the NE of the 
<normalizedToken id="5C785AE6A01E5121BC838498FAAADA3A" originalValue="Lungué-Bungo">Lungue-Bungo</normalizedToken>
grasslands.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>