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<mods:title id="28630485BE0686C10EB7A43AAFD382C6">Revision of the Nearctic Species of the Shore-Fly Genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="C7F1E3D280A3ED6B88FDC571FEADF94D">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A5939412E8B2128F8083C81B77C2CE7B">Mathis, Wayne N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="303C3A25906690CE7D2E904974354CD4">Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143 &amp; Department of Entomology, PO BOX 37012, MRC 169, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012, USA mathisw @ si. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5012 - 1762 &amp; Institute of Biology, Opole University, ul. Oleska 22, 45 - 052 Opole, Poland zatwar @ uni. opole. pl; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2163 - 0143</mods:affiliation>
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22.
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A017B01FF1AF91355BCF8E8" ID-CoL="4V448" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[195,726,1783,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A017B01FF1AF91356CBF8E8" bold="true" box="[195,417,1783,1810]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Scatophila hirsuta</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
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<figureCitation id="13432A243A017B01FF4EF8F8566BF8CC" box="[151,257,1820,1846]" captionStart="FIGURE 183" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1796,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1137,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-432@78.[151,1435,1137,1773]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 183. Distribution map of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar) (circles), and S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler in Nearctic Region (squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210913/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Figs. 183</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A017B01FED4F8F85653F8CC" box="[269,313,1820,1846]" captionStart="FIGURES 191193" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[151,1423,1150,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-64@81.[151,1435,1150,1917]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 191193. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 191. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 192193. Wing, dorsal view. 192. S. disjuncta Cresson. 193. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210921/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">193</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A017B01FE9CF8FF56CDF8CC" box="[325,423,1819,1846]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 195198" captionStart-1="FIGURES 199201" captionStart-2="FIGURES 202204" captionStartId-0="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionStartId-1="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionStartId-2="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox-0="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId-0="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetId-1="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetId-2="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId-0="83" captionTargetPageId-1="84" captionTargetPageId-2="85" captionText-0="FIGURES 195198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURES 202204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">195202</figureCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A017B01FF4EF8845589F882" author="Sturtevant, A. H. &amp; Wheeler, M. R." box="[151,739,1888,1912]" page="193" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" year="1954">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A017B01FF4EF8845589F882" ID-CoL="4V448" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 193" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityPageNumber="193" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,739,1888,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A017B01FF4EF8845630F882" box="[151,346,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">Scatophila hirsuta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A017B01FEB1F8845589F882" author="Sturtevant, A. H. &amp; Wheeler, M. R." box="[360,739,1888,1912]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="151 - 257" refId="ref70834" refString="Sturtevant, A. H. &amp; Wheeler, M. R. (1954) Synopses of Nearctic Ephydridae (Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 79, 151 - 257." type="journal article" year="1954">Sturtevant and Wheeler 1954: 193</bibRefCitation>
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.—
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A017B01FCDAF88454D3F882" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[771,953,1888,1912]" page="758" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A017B01FCDAF88454D3F882" author="Wirth, W. W." box="[771,953,1888,1912]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="734 - 759" refId="ref70987" refString="Wirth, W. W. (1965) Ephydridae. In: Stone, A., Sabrosky, C. W., Wirth, W. W., Foote, R. W. &amp; Coulson, J. R. (Eds.), A Catalog of the Diptera of America North of Mexico. Handbook 276. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., pp. 734 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1965">Wirth 1965: 758</bibRefCitation>
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[
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catalog].—
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A017B01FB78F88452F6F882" author="Zatwarnicki, T." box="[1185,1436,1888,1912]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="277 - 298" refId="ref71260" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. (1987) New synonyms and records of Palearctic Scatophila (Diptera, Ephydridae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 57 (2), 277 - 298." type="journal article" year="1987">Zatwarnicki 1987: 292</bibRefCitation>
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[checklist].—
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A017B01FE94F89B55DDF86D" author="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N." box="[333,695,1919,1943]" page="365" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A017B01FE94F89B55DDF86D" author="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N." box="[333,695,1919,1943]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="351 - 370" refId="ref71480" refString="Zatwarnicki, T. &amp; Mathis, W. N. (1994) Phylogeny and classification of the genus Scatophila Becker (Diptera: Ephydridae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 29 (4), 351 - 370. [1993] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 21686351.1993.12277698" type="journal article" year="1994">Zatwarnicki and Mathis 1994: 365</bibRefCitation>
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[phylogeny,
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A017B01FC99F89B54A1F86D" box="[832,971,1919,1943]" italics="true" pageId="82" pageNumber="83">quadriguttata</emphasis>
group].—
<treatmentCitation id="0AD910B03A017B01FBEDF89B52F6F86D" author="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T." box="[1076,1436,1919,1943]" page="283" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A017B01FBEDF89B52F6F86D" author="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T." box="[1076,1436,1919,1943]" pageId="82" pageNumber="83" pagination="1 - 423" refId="ref70301" refString="Mathis, W. N. &amp; Zatwarnicki, T. (1995) A world catalog of the shore flies (Diptera: Ephydridae). International Memoirs on Entomology, 4, i - vi + 1 - 423." type="journal article" year="1995">Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 283</bibRefCitation>
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[world catalog].
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A007B00FF4EFA69560DFA5F" bold="true" box="[151,359,1421,1445]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">FIGURES 195198</emphasis>
. Head of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A007B00FE10FA695406FA5F" authority="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler." authorityName="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler." box="[457,876,1421,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A007B00FE10FA6955E9FA5F" box="[457,643,1421,1445]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Scatophila hirsuta</emphasis>
Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler.
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195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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Diagnosis.—This species is distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Body mostly dark brown, but varied; moderately small shore flies, body length 2.00
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.
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<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A007B00FF1EF987566EF987" box="[199,260,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A007B00FECBF98756DDF984" box="[274,439,1635,1662]" captionStart="FIGURES 195198" captionStartId="83.[151,264,1421,1445]" captionTargetBox="[172,1435,193,1397]" captionTargetId="figure-27@83.[151,1435,181,1397]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 195198. Head of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 195. Male, latero-oblique view 196. Male, lateral view. 197. Female, latero-oblique view. 198. Female, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210927" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210927/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Figs. 195198</figureCitation>
): Mesofrons, including ocellar triangle and orbits rusty brown, microtomentose, appearing dull. Face of
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A007B00FEEFF96C5621F958" box="[310,331,1672,1698]" count="1" pageId="83" pageNumber="84" type="male"></specimenCount>
flat to concave medially, sides of concavity with cluster of setulae; female face convex. Gena relatively short, gena-to-eye ratio 0.190.21.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A007B00FF1EF92B541BF8AF" blockId="83.[151,1437,1563,2022]" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A007B00FF1EF92B5672F913" box="[199,280,1743,1769]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A007B00FEF1F92B56F9F913" box="[296,403,1743,1769]" captionStart="FIGURES 191193" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[151,1423,1150,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-64@81.[151,1435,1150,1917]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 191193. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 191. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 192193. Wing, dorsal view. 192. S. disjuncta Cresson. 193. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210921/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Figs. 193</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13432A243A007B00FE79F92B56A5F913" box="[416,463,1743,1769]" captionStart="FIGURES 202204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">202</figureCitation>
): Mesonotum (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A007B00FDAEF92B55B2F913" box="[631,728,1743,1769]" captionStart="FIGURES 202204" captionStartId="85.[151,264,1848,1872]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetId="figure-325@85.[151,1435,1094,1825]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 202204. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 202. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, head and thorax, dorsal view. 203. S. mystacina sp. nov. male, wing, dorsal view. 204 S. picta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler, wing, dorsal view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210935" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210935/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 202</figureCitation>
) dark brown but with some gray mottling; scutum dark brown. Wing (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A007B00FF3AF917562BF8F7" box="[227,321,1779,1805]" captionStart="FIGURES 191193" captionStartId="81.[151,264,1941,1965]" captionTargetBox="[151,1423,1150,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-64@81.[151,1435,1150,1917]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 191193. Head, thorax, and wing of Scatophila. 191. Scatophila disjuncta Cresson, head and thorax, dorsal view. 192193. Wing, dorsal view. 192. S. disjuncta Cresson. 193. S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. Scale bar = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210921/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 193</figureCitation>
) with pale spots; costal vein ratio 0.250.29; M
<subScript id="17FC34E43A007B00FC89F8E25432F8EE" attach="left" box="[848,856,1798,1812]" fontSize="6" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">1</subScript>
vein ratio 0.690.72; knob of halter blackish yellow to yellow. Legs dark; femora and tibiae black; male midfemur lacking row of spine-like setulae along posteroventral margin; tarsi large black, basitarsomere of hind leg slightly paler.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A007B07FF1EF8BB544CFD53" blockId="83.[151,1437,1563,2022]" lastBlockId="84.[151,1437,151,681]" lastPageId="84" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A007B00FF1EF8BB565BF883" box="[199,305,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13432A243A007B00FE98F8BB5683F883" box="[321,489,1887,1913]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Figs. 199201</figureCitation>
): Tergites black with light investment of brownish microtomentum. Male terminalia (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A007B00FF46F867562DF867" box="[159,327,1923,1949]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Figs. 199201</figureCitation>
): Epandrium in posterior view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A007B00FD76F8675465F867" box="[687,783,1923,1949]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="83" pageNumber="84">Fig. 199</figureCitation>
) generally oval except for nearly truncate ventral margin, overall width about 0.80 height, lateral margins shallowly curved, dorsal margin very shallowly arched, width of ventral margin slightly more than 1.25 height of cercal opening, ventral margin symmetrically, shallowly sinuous with medial rounded bump; epandrial setae about equal in length, sparser laterally, more abundant and slightly shorter along ventral margin; height of cercal opening about 0.40 epandrial height; cerci in posterior view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A077B07FAB6FF5F57A8FF03" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 199</figureCitation>
) lunate; aedeagus in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A077B07FD9BFF3B55CBFF03" box="[578,673,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 201</figureCitation>
) moderately rounded basally, height of base slightly higher than 1/3 aedeagal length, posterior margin mostly truncate but with a short pointed process at posterodorsal angle, dorsal margin moderately excavated on basal portion, cavity slight longer than width of opening, posterior margin of cavity bifid, inner lobe shorter than external lobe, in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A077B07FC9CFEAF54CDFE9F" box="[837,935,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 200</figureCitation>
) ovate except for truncate posterior margin, lateral margins shallowly curved; ventral aedeagal process sinuous; phallapodeme in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A077B07FB15FE8B5243FE73" box="[1228,1321,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 201</figureCitation>
) elongate, narrow, parallel sided, distinctly elbowed, dorsal and ventral processes about equal in length, dorsal process thinner than ventral process, in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A077B07FDEEFE5355FDFE2B" box="[567,663,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 200</figureCitation>
) with T-shaped crossbar, lateral processes of crossbar slightly tapered to rounded point, medial process nearly parallel sided, posterior apex flared, widely bifurcate; postgonite in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A077B07FF04FE1B5657FDE3" box="[221,317,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 201</figureCitation>
) generally V-shaped, dorsal arm or extension irregularly rectangular, more robust than ventral arm, with posterodorsal corner produced, bifurcate, posteriorly narrowed, slightly tapered, forming a thumb-like process that bears a nipple-like point, apical process bearing setulae, ventral arm narrowed, slightly tapered, elongate, in ventral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A077B07FEE8FD8F56FAFD7F" box="[305,400,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 200</figureCitation>
) with posterior processes generally narrow, bar-like, parallel sided; neohypandrium in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A077B07FF04FD6B5656FD53" box="[221,316,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURES 199201" captionStartId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-264@84.[151,1435,705,1557]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 199201. Male terminalia of Scatophila hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler. 199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Fig. 201</figureCitation>
) elongated, narrow, conspicuously sinuous.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0766293A077B07FF4EF9C9564DF976" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210933" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13210933" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210933/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" startId="84.[151,264,1581,1605]" targetBox="[159,1427,713,1549]" targetPageId="84" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A077B07FF4EF9C9564DF976" blockId="84.[151,1437,1581,1677]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A077B07FF4EF9C95602F9BF" bold="true" box="[151,360,1581,1605]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">FIGURES 199201</emphasis>
. Male terminalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A077B07FDE4F9C9548DF9BF" authority="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler." authorityName="Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler." box="[573,999,1581,1605]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A077B07FDE4F9C95593F9BF" box="[573,761,1581,1605]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Scatophila hirsuta</emphasis>
Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler.
</taxonomicName>
199. Epandrium and cerci, posterior view. 200. Internal male terminalia (gonite, phallapodeme, aedeagus, neohypandrium), ventral view. 201. Same, lateral view. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A077B07FF1EF9045460F89F" blockId="84.[151,1437,1759,2038]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
Type Material.—The
<typeStatus id="54C388033A077B07FE67F93B554AF903" box="[446,544,1759,1785]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male of
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A077B07FD51F93B5306F903" authority="Sturtevant and Wheeler" authorityName="Sturtevant and Wheeler" box="[648,1132,1759,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A077B07FD51F93B543DF903" box="[648,855,1759,1785]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Scatophila hirsuta</emphasis>
Sturtevant and Wheeler
</taxonomicName>
is labeled “Rustler Park[,] Ariz[ona]. 6-11-51 [
<date id="FFC610613A077B07FE50F8E75549F8E4" box="[393,547,1795,1822]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" value="1951-06-11">11 Jun 1951</date>
][handwritten]/M.R. Wheeler/
<typeStatus id="54C388033A077B07FCA4F8E7537BF8E7" box="[893,1041,1795,1821]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A077B07FBF9F8E752F7F8E7" authority="Stvt &amp; Whlr" authorityName="Stvt &amp; Whlr" box="[1056,1437,1795,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Ephydridae" genus="Scatophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">Scatophila hirsuta Stvt &amp; Whlr</taxonomicName>
[pink]/6686 TYPE [dark pink; number handwritten].” The
<typeStatus id="54C388033A077B07FCF6F8C354FBF8BB" box="[815,913,1831,1857]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is double mounted (glued to a paper point), is in good condition, and is deposited in the ANSP (6686).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A077B07FF1EF88B554EF80F" blockId="84.[151,1437,1759,2038]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
Other Specimens Examined.—
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A077B07FDE1F89455F8F854" collectingDate="1951-06-11" country="United States of America" county="Cochise" latitude="31.903334" location="Rustler Park" longLatPrecision="121" longitude="-109.28" municipality="Chiricahua Mountains" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona">
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A077B07FDE1F894547DF873" box="[568,791,1903,1930]" name="United States of America" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A077B07FCF4F88B5377F873" box="[813,1053,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A077B07FCF4F88B54CEF873" box="[813,932,1903,1929]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">ARIZONA</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A077B07FC60F88B537CF873" box="[953,1046,1903,1929]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Cochise</collectingCounty>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A077B07FBF7F88B525CF873" box="[1070,1334,1903,1929]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Chiricahua Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA7607A3A077B07FA92F88B57A0F857" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A017B06FF4EF9135267FE9F:8EA7607A3A077B07FA92F88B57A0F857" country="United States of America" county="Cochise" latitude="31.903334" longLatPrecision="121" longitude="-109.28" municipality="Chiricahua Mountains" name="Rustler Park" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" stateProvince="Arizona">Rustler Park</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A077B07FF04F8775639F854" box="[221,339,1939,1966]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="54.2" orientation="latitude" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" precision="92" value="31.903334">31°54.2'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A077B07FEB8F8775680F857" box="[353,490,1939,1965]" degrees="109" direction="west" minutes="16.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" precision="92" value="-109.28">109°16.8'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A077B07FDD8F87755F8F854" box="[513,658,1939,1966]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" value="1951-06-11">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A077B07FDD8F87755F8F854" box="[513,658,1939,1966]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" value="1951-06-11">11 Jun 1951</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A077B07FD79F8775548F828" collectingDate="1952-06-13" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" elevation="2591" latitude="31.903334" location="Chiricahua Mountains" longLatPrecision="121" longitude="-109.28" municipality="Sturtevant" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="A">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A077B07FD79F87755DDF857" box="[672,695,1939,1965]" country="United States of America" name="A" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">A</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A077B07FD1CF87055B6F854" box="[709,732,1940,1966]" country="United States of America" name="H" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">H</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A077B07FD32F8775434F857" box="[747,862,1939,1965]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Sturtevant</collectingMunicipality>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A077B07FCAAF87754FDF857" box="[883,919,1939,1965]" count="1" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A077B07FC7EF8775497F857" box="[935,1021,1939,1965]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
);
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(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A077B07FAFAF87752F2F854" box="[1315,1432,1939,1966]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="54.2" orientation="latitude" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" precision="92" value="31.903334">31°54.2'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A077B07FF4EF8535675F82B" box="[151,287,1975,2001]" degrees="109" direction="west" minutes="16.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" precision="92" value="-109.28">109°16.8'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity id="4C809B443A077B07FEF3F85356E9F82B" box="[298,387,1975,2002]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.591" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="m" value="2591.0">
<elevation id="0055D1923A077B07FEF3F85356E9F82B" box="[298,387,1975,2002]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.591" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" unit="m" value="2591.0">2591 m</elevation>
</quantity>
);
<date id="FFC610613A077B07FE4EF8535548F828" box="[407,546,1975,2002]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" value="1952-06-13">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A077B07FE4EF8535548F828" box="[407,546,1975,2002]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" value="1952-06-13">13 Jun 1952</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A077B07FDF2F8535528F82B" box="[555,578,1975,2001]" country="United States of America" name="A" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">A</collectingRegion>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A077B07FD94F85C554EF80F" collectingDate="1951-06-23" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" county="Sturtevant" latitude="34.45" location="Sturtevant" longLatPrecision="1199" longitude="-111.36667" municipality="Clover Springs" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="H">
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A077B07FD94F85C550EF828" box="[589,612,1976,2002]" country="United States of America" name="H" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">H</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A077B07FDB6F8535588F82B" box="[623,738,1975,2001]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Sturtevant</collectingCounty>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A077B07FD2AF8535472F82B" box="[755,792,1975,2001]" count="1" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
.
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A077B07FCFAF8535434F82B" box="[803,862,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A077B07FCFAF853543DF82B" box="[803,855,1975,2001]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Gila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Gila</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A077B07FCBCF8535367F82B" box="[869,1037,1975,2001]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Clover Springs</collectingMunicipality>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A077B07FBC5F8535316F82B" box="[1052,1148,1975,2001]" degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" precision="925" value="34.45">34°27'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A077B07FB5EF853539FF828" box="[1159,1269,1975,2002]" degrees="111" direction="west" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" precision="925" value="-111.36667">111°22'W</geoCoordinate>
),
<date id="FFC610613A077B07FAD4F85352FDF828" box="[1293,1431,1975,2002]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" value="1951-06-23">
<collectingDate id="EF82E9893A077B07FAD4F85352FDF828" box="[1293,1431,1975,2002]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" value="1951-06-23">23 Jun 1951</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A077B07FF4EF83F57C4F80F" box="[151,174,2011,2037]" country="United States of America" name="A" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">A</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A077B07FF60F83857BAF80C" box="[185,208,2012,2038]" country="United States of America" name="H" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">H</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="8EA7607A3A077B07FF05F83F5625F80F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A017B06FF4EF9135267FE9F:8EA7607A3A077B07FF05F83F5625F80F" box="[220,335,2011,2037]" country="United States of America" county="Sturtevant" latitude="34.45" longLatPrecision="1199" longitude="-111.36667" municipality="Clover Springs" name="Sturtevant" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" stateProvince="H">Sturtevant</location>
(
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A077B07FEB9F83F56EEF80F" box="[352,388,2011,2037]" count="1" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7EFD283A077B07FE49F83F56DFF80F" box="[400,437,2011,2037]" count="2" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
;
<collectionCode id="ED69AE643A077B07FE1BF83F5572F80F" box="[450,536,2011,2037]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A067B06FF1EFF735647FF2F" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,357]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<materialsCitation id="3B103CFC3A067B06FF1EFF735642FF2F" country="United States of America" county="Cochise" latitude="31.903334" location="Rustler Park" longLatPrecision="121" longitude="-109.28" municipality="Chiricahua Mountains" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arizona" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54C388033A067B06FF1EFF735795FF4B" box="[199,255,151,177]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Type</typeStatus>
Locality.—
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A067B06FE4AFF735556FF4B" box="[403,572,151,177]" name="United States of America" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">United States</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A067B06FD8DFF7355D8FF4B" box="[596,690,151,177]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Arizona</collectingRegion>
.
<collectingCounty id="62A64E2D3A067B06FD15FF735441FF4B" box="[716,811,151,177]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Cochise</collectingCounty>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA3ACDB3A067B06FC9DFF73533AFF4B" box="[836,1104,151,177]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Chiricahua Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EA7607A3A067B06FBB3FF73526EFF4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D187B73A017B06FF4EF9135267FE9F:8EA7607A3A067B06FBB3FF73526EFF4B" box="[1130,1284,151,177]" country="United States of America" county="Cochise" latitude="31.903334" longLatPrecision="121" longitude="-109.28" municipality="Chiricahua Mountains" name="Rustler Park" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" stateProvince="Arizona">Rustler Park</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A067B06FAFAFF7252F2FF4B" box="[1315,1432,150,177]" degrees="31" direction="north" minutes="54.2" orientation="latitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="92" value="31.903334">31°54.2'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE4C50663A067B06FF4EFF5F5676FF2F" box="[151,284,187,213]" degrees="109" direction="west" minutes="16.8" orientation="longitude" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" precision="92" value="-109.28">109°16.8'W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A067B06FF1EFF3B5400FF03" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,357]" box="[199,874,223,249]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
Distribution (
<figureCitation id="13432A243A067B06FE87FF3B56D6FF03" box="[350,444,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 183" captionStartId="78.[151,250,1796,1820]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1137,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-432@78.[151,1435,1137,1773]" captionTargetPageId="78" captionText="FIGURE 183. Distribution map of Scatophila cribrata (Stenhammar) (circles), and S. hirsuta Sturtevant &amp; Wheeler in Nearctic Region (squares)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13210913" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13210913/files/figure.png" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Fig. 183</figureCitation>
).—
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A067B06FE30FF3B553BFF02" box="[489,593,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
<taxonomicName id="4C784D223A067B06FE30FF3B5521FF02" box="[489,587,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Nearctic" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nearctic</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F36F76313A067B06FD81FF3B5584FF03" box="[600,750,223,249]" name="United States of America" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">United States</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A067B06FD24FF3B5434FF03" box="[765,862,223,249]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Arizona</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC736A13A067B06FF1EFEE75267FE9F" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,357]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
Remarks.—
<bibRefCitation id="EFE94B503A067B06FE94FEE755B6FEE7" author="Sturtevant, A. H. &amp; Wheeler, M. R." box="[333,732,258,285]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="151 - 257" refId="ref70834" refString="Sturtevant, A. H. &amp; Wheeler, M. R. (1954) Synopses of Nearctic Ephydridae (Diptera). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 79, 151 - 257." type="journal article" year="1954">Sturtevant and Wheeler (1954: 194)</bibRefCitation>
noted that specimens of this species were collected along small streams that traversed rather flat, cleared areas in this southeastern corner of
<collectingRegion id="49BCF8433A067B06FBDCFEC35309FEBB" box="[1029,1123,295,321]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Arizona</collectingRegion>
. Thus far, specimens of the
<typeStatus id="54C388033A067B06FF4EFEAF57ADFE9F" box="[151,199,331,357]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
series are the only ones available for our study. This species is placed in the
<emphasis id="B90CEAB33A067B06FBFAFEAF53D7FE9F" box="[1059,1213,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">quadriguttata</emphasis>
group.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>