225 lines
23 KiB
XML
225 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="668C9B3A921DE6E609D4E8AF46A15E44">Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) from islands of Kien Hai District, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species and one subspecies</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="49876D4A7FC33F6062D99CC8CBA974E7">Nguyen, Tung T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FD12F271F63632EC90CB09FA1B5D6A60">Trinh, Kim-Binh T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="843234F79D8F98315C8742F9657DF6DC">Nguyen, Hong-Lan T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D13AE967E53B382D0EC4AB875AB81452">Nguyen, Anh D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="9D138B0AC1D68596633612558FAF146C">2017</mods:date>
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<heading id="A33981F8FFE4FFEAFE30F4E50A3DFF36" box="[421,894,176,201]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="3FCE4D17FFE4FFEAFE30F4E50A3DFF36" ID-CoL="88NRB" authority="(Michaelsen, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[421,894,176,201]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anomala">
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<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFE30F4E50BDAFF36" bold="true" box="[421,665,176,201]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">Metaphire anomala</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="9C5F4B65FFE4FFEAFD3DF4E50A35FF36" author="Michaelsen W" box="[680,886,176,201]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" pagination="143 - 193" refId="ref11351" refString="Michaelsen W. 1907. Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien. Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman- Inseln. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg. 25: 143 - 193." type="journal article" year="1907">Michaelsen, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B0D4651FFFE4FFEAFDCCF4860B88FF13" box="[601,715,211,236]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F8713694FFE4FFEAFDCCF4860B88FF13" blockId="11.[421,894,141,236]" box="[601,715,211,236]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">
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(
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<figureCitation id="60F52A11FFE4FFEAFDF4F4860B81FF13" box="[609,706,211,236]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1625,1648]" captionTargetBox="[181,1137,575,1593]" captionTargetId="figure-67@11.[178,1138,574,1594]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 7. Metaphire anomala (Michaelsen, 1907). (a) Male region (mp = male pore); (b) ventral view of spermathecal region (sp = spermathecal pore); (c) intestinal caecum; (d) spermathecae (amp = ampulla, dv = diverticulum); (e) prostatic gland. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5180899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5180899/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">Figure 7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B0D4651FFFE4FFEAFF35F5420BF5FEAD" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F8713694FFE4FFEAFF35F5420B94FECF" blockId="11.[160,727,279,338]" box="[160,727,279,304]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D8DE11BAFFE4FFEAFF35F5420B94FECF" box="[160,727,279,304]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">
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<treatmentCitation id="796F1085FFE4FFEAFF35F5420B3CFECF" author="Michaelsen W" box="[160,639,279,304]" page="167" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" year="1907">
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<taxonomicName id="3FCE4D17FFE4FFEAFF35F5420B3CFECF" ID-CoL="8GGJJ" authority="Michaelsen, 1907: 167" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityPageNumber="167" authorityYear="1907" box="[160,639,279,304]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Pheretima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anomala">
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<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFF35F542083AFECF" box="[160,377,279,304]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">Pheretima anomala</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9C5F4B65FFE4FFEAFE17F54D0B3CFECF" author="Michaelsen W" box="[386,639,280,304]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" pagination="143 - 193" refId="ref11351" refString="Michaelsen W. 1907. Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien. Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman- Inseln. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg. 25: 143 - 193." type="journal article" year="1907">Michaelsen, 1907: 167</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 14.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F8713694FFE4FFEAFF35F56C0BF5FEAD" blockId="11.[160,727,279,338]" box="[160,694,313,338]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D8DE11BAFFE4FFEAFF35F56C0BF5FEAD" box="[160,694,313,338]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">
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<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFF35F56C08CDFEAD" box="[160,398,313,338]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">
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<taxonomicName id="3FCE4D17FFE4FFEAFF35F56C083AFEAD" ID-CoL="88NRB" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[160,377,313,338]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anomala">Metaphire anomala</taxonomicName>
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–
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="796F1085FFE4FFEAFE02F56F0BF1FEAD" author="Sims RW & Easton EG" box="[407,690,314,338]" page="237" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" year="1972">
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<bibRefCitation id="9C5F4B65FFE4FFEAFE02F56F0BF1FEAD" author="Sims RW & Easton EG" box="[407,690,314,338]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" pagination="169 - 268" refId="ref11822" refString="Sims RW, Easton EG. 1972. A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima auct. (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta) with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biol J Linnean Soc. 4: 169 - 268." type="journal article" year="1972">Sims & Easton 1972: 237</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B0D4651FFFE4FFEAFF35F5C60A38FE0D" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="F8713694FFE4FFEAFF35F5C608C3FE52" blockId="11.[160,1156,403,498]" box="[160,384,403,429]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">
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<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFF35F5C608C3FE52" bold="true" box="[160,384,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">Material examined</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F8713694FFE4FFEAFF35F5ED0A38FE0D" blockId="11.[160,1156,403,498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">
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<materialsCitation id="48A63CC9FFE4FFEAFF35F5ED0BE6FE0D" collectingDate="2013-11-14" latitude="9.800278" location="Kien Hai District" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="104.65511" municipality="Lai Son Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kien Giang">
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33 matures (CTU-EW 020.06)
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="1815ACEEFFE4FFEAFE71F5ED0B3DFE2F" box="[484,638,440,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">Lai Son Island</collectingMunicipality>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="9DFA5053FFE4FFEAFD1EF5ED0A51FE2F" box="[651,786,439,464]" degrees="09" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" precision="15" seconds="01" value="9.800278">
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09°48
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<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFD5EF5E20B92FE30" bold="true" box="[715,721,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">ʹ</emphasis>
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01
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<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFD78F5E20BBAFE30" bold="true" box="[749,761,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">ʹʹ</emphasis>
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N
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</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="9DFA5053FFE4FFEAFC88F5ED0AFCFE2F" box="[797,959,439,464]" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" precision="1" seconds="18.4" value="104.65511">
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104°39
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<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFCFFF5E20A33FE30" bold="true" box="[874,880,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">ʹ</emphasis>
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18.4
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<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFC0BF5E20AE9FE30" bold="true" box="[926,938,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">ʹʹ</emphasis>
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E
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</geoCoordinate>
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)
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||
<location id="FD11604FFFE4FFEAFC59F5ED0DC2FE2F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:70678782FFE4FFEDFE30F4E508CFFD03:FD11604FFFE4FFEAFC59F5ED0DC2FE2F" box="[972,1153,440,464]" latitude="9.800278" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="104.65511" municipality="Lai Son Island" name="Kien Hai District" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" stateProvince="Kien Giang">Kien Hai District</location>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE4FFEAFF35F58F08CBFE0D" box="[160,392,474,498]" country="Vietnam" name="Kien Giang" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">Kien Giang Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<date id="8C701054FFE4FFEAFE06F58F0B2CFE0D" box="[403,623,474,498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" value="2013-11-14">
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<collectingDate id="9C34E9BCFFE4FFEAFE06F58F0B2CFE0D" box="[403,623,474,498]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" value="2013-11-14">14 November 2013</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, coll
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</materialsCitation>
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. Kim-Binh
|
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<collectionCode id="9EDFAE51FFE4FFEAFC8AF58F0A6CFE0D" box="[799,815,474,498]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">T</collectionCode>
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. Trinh.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="ACB1661CFFE4FFEAFF35F20C0ADAF954" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5180899" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5180899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5180899/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" startId="11.[160,225,1625,1648]" targetBox="[181,1137,575,1593]" targetPageId="11">
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<paragraph id="F8713694FFE4FFEAFF35F20C0ADAF954" blockId="11.[160,1155,1624,1707]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">
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<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFF35F20C09B8F98F" bold="true" box="[160,251,1625,1648]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName id="3FCE4D17FFE4FFEAFE96F20D0BC2F98F" authority="(Michaelsen, 1907)" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[259,641,1624,1648]" class="Clitellata" family="Megascolecidae" genus="Metaphire" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Crassiclitellata" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="anomala">
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||
<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE4FFEAFE96F20D0883F990" box="[259,448,1624,1647]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="893">Metaphire anomala</emphasis>
|
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(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9C5F4B65FFE4FFEAFE58F20C0B3AF98F" author="Michaelsen W" box="[461,633,1625,1648]" pageId="11" pageNumber="893" pagination="143 - 193" refId="ref11351" refString="Michaelsen W. 1907. Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien. Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman- Inseln. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum in Hamburg. 25: 143 - 193." type="journal article" year="1907">Michaelsen, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. (a) Male region (mp = male pore); (b) ventral view of spermathecal region (sp = spermathecal pore); (c) intestinal caecum; (d) spermathecae (amp = ampulla, dv = diverticulum); (e) prostatic gland. Scale bar = 1 mm.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
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<subSubSection id="B0D4651FFFE3FFEDFF35F4D80ACEFDFA" pageId="12" pageNumber="894" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="F8713694FFE3FFEDFF35F4D80857FF58" blockId="12.[160,1156,141,410]" box="[160,276,141,167]" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">
|
||
<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE3FFEDFF35F4D80857FF58" bold="true" box="[160,276,141,167]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F8713694FFE3FFEDFF35F4E70AD0FE65" blockId="12.[160,1156,141,410]" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">
|
||
Medium size, length
|
||
<quantity id="3F369B71FFE3FFEDFE1EF4E70B62FF35" box="[395,545,178,202]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.04" pageId="12" pageNumber="894" unit="mm" value="132.0" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="104.0">104–160 mm</quantity>
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||
, diameter
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||
<quantity id="3F369B71FFE3FFEDFD0DF4E70A5EFF35" box="[664,797,178,202]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="894" unit="mm" value="4.8" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="4.3">4.3–5.3 mm</quantity>
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, 51–131 segments. Prostomium 1/2 epilobous. First dorsal pore in 12/13. Setal number
|
||
<quantity id="3F369B71FFE3FFEDFC82F4810A3AFF13" box="[791,889,212,236]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4859" metricValueMax="1.8796" metricValueMin="1.0922" pageId="12" pageNumber="894" unit="in" value="58.5" valueMax="74.0" valueMin="43.0">43–74 in</quantity>
|
||
viii,
|
||
<quantity id="3F369B71FFE3FFEDFC3AF4810D52FF13" box="[943,1041,212,236]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7652999999999999" metricValueMax="1.8796" metricValueMin="1.6509999999999998" pageId="12" pageNumber="894" unit="in" value="69.5" valueMax="74.0" valueMin="65.0">65–74 in</quantity>
|
||
xxx, 7–16 between male porophores in xviii; setal distance aa = 1.2 ab, zz = 1.3 zy. Four pairs of spermathecal pores in lateroventral intersegments 5/6/7/8/9. Male pores located inside copulatory pouches in xix or xx. Genital markings variable among different populations, from totally absent to widely paired in segments between xvii and xxiii. Testis sacs separated. Holandric. Intestinal caeca simple. Septa 8/9/10 absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F8713694FFE3FFEDFF35F59C0847FE1C" blockId="12.[160,909,457,517]" box="[160,260,457,483]" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">
|
||
<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE3FFEDFF35F59C0847FE1C" bold="true" box="[160,260,457,483]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Habitats</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F8713694FFE3FFEDFF35F5B80ACEFDFA" blockId="12.[160,909,457,517]" box="[160,909,493,517]" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">The species was found in both natural forest and fruit plantation.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B0D4651FFFE3FFEDFF35F66008CFFD03" pageId="12" pageNumber="894" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F8713694FFE3FFEDFF35F6600845FDB0" blockId="12.[160,1155,565,764]" box="[160,262,565,591]" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">
|
||
<emphasis id="CABAEA86FFE3FFEDFF35F6600845FDB0" bold="true" box="[160,262,565,591]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F8713694FFE3FFEDFF35F60C08CFFD03" blockId="12.[160,1155,565,764]" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="48A63CC9FFE3FFEDFF35F60C0A0CFD48" country="Vietnam" location="Lai Chau" pageId="12" pageNumber="894" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Lai Chau">
|
||
The species is widely distributed in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="80D97604FFE3FFEDFDBAF60C0BCFFD8E" box="[559,652,601,625]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFD0FF60C0BBDFD8E" box="[666,766,601,625]" country="Vietnam" name="Lai Chau" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Lai Chau</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFC9CF60C0A15FD8E" box="[777,854,601,625]" country="Vietnam" name="Son La" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Son La</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFCF4F60C0A91FD8E" box="[865,978,601,625]" country="Vietnam" name="Quang Tri" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Quang Tri</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFC49F60C0D0DFD8E" box="[988,1102,601,625]" country="Vietnam" name="Binh Dinh" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Binh Dinh</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFBCDF60C098AFD6B" country="Vietnam" name="Dak Lak" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Dak Lak</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFF43F62908DAFD6B" box="[214,409,636,660]" country="Vietnam" name="Ba Ria-Vung Tau" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Ba Ria-Vung Tau</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFE33F6290B55FD6B" box="[422,534,636,660]" country="Vietnam" name="Dong Nai" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Dong Nai</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFDB1F6290BE6FD6B" box="[548,677,636,660]" country="Vietnam" name="Kien Giang" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Kien Giang</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFD27F6290A62FD6B" box="[690,801,636,660]" country="Vietnam" name="An Giang" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">An Giang</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFCBAF6290ADEFD6B" box="[815,925,636,660]" country="Vietnam" name="Dong Nai" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Dong Nai</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3A0AF876FFE3FFEDFC48F6290D0BFD6B" box="[989,1096,636,660]" country="Vietnam" name="Tay Ninh" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Tay Ninh</collectingRegion>
|
||
), but never found in northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="80D97604FFE3FFEDFE60F6CA0B11FD48" box="[501,594,671,695]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9C5F4B65FFE3FFEDFDF1F6CA0A05FD48" author="Nguyen TT & Nguyen AD & Tran TTB & Blakemore RJ" box="[612,838,671,695]" pageId="12" pageNumber="894" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref11489" refString="Nguyen TT, Nguyen AD, Tran TTB, Blakemore RJ. 2016. A comprehensive checklist of earthworm species and subspecies from Vietnam (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Moniligastridae, Ocnerodrilidae, Octochaetidae). Zootaxa. 4140: 1 - 92." type="journal article" year="2016">Nguyen et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Its occurrences have also been reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="80D97604FFE3FFEDFE0CF6940A0BFD26" box="[409,840,705,729]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">India, Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="80D97604FFE3FFEDFCCDF6940AC8FD26" box="[856,907,705,729]" name="Laos" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="80D97604FFE3FFEDFBD6F6940DC0FD26" box="[1091,1155,705,729]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="894">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9C5F4B65FFE3FFEDFF33F6B108C3FD03" author="Nguyen TT & Nguyen AD & Tran TTB & Blakemore RJ" box="[166,384,740,764]" pageId="12" pageNumber="894" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref11489" refString="Nguyen TT, Nguyen AD, Tran TTB, Blakemore RJ. 2016. A comprehensive checklist of earthworm species and subspecies from Vietnam (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Moniligastridae, Ocnerodrilidae, Octochaetidae). Zootaxa. 4140: 1 - 92." type="journal article" year="2016">Nguyen et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |