131 lines
12 KiB
XML
131 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.748.24253" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7536e07e-8e4a-490b-9464-aec66161e2f8" ID-PMC="PMC5904502" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-748-21" ID-PubMed="29674911" ID-ZBK="27364E47156648B087570B5E32A4C0AA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-748-21" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 748" ModsDocTitle="Echinotermesbiriba, a new genus and species of soldierless termite from the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon (Termitidae, Apicotermitinae)" checkinTime="1522910684639" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Castro, Daniel, Scheffrahn, Rudolf H. & Carrijo, Tiago F." docDate="2018" docId="928EE4C28CCB6BBE77932AFA91CDC3AD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 748: 21-30" docOrigin="ZooKeys 748" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.748.24253" docTitle="Echinotermes Castro & Scheffrahn, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="9872DC61-CA8C-42B5-9ABE-62160F532ECD" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="8967FFD2FF85FFB0FF13B2168068FF81" masterDocTitle="Echinotermesbiriba, a new genus and species of soldierless termite from the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon (Termitidae, Apicotermitinae)" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668165660492" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Echinotermesbiriba, a new genus and species of soldierless termite from the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon (Termitidae, Apicotermitinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Castro, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scheffrahn, Rudolf H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Carrijo, Tiago F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>748</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>21</mods:start>
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<mods:end>30</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.748.24253</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.748.24253</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-748-21</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">27364E47156648B087570B5E32A4C0AA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">27364E47156648B087570B5E32A4C0AA</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="143472672" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9872DC61-CA8C-42B5-9ABE-62160F532ECD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/928EE4C28CCB6BBE77932AFA91CDC3AD" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/9872DC61-CA8C-42B5-9ABE-62160F532ECD" authority="Castro & Scheffrahn" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Echinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Echinotermes Castro & Scheffrahn</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="23">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="type-species">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Type-species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Echinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinotermes biriba" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biriba">Echinotermes biriba</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Imago. Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Description of worker.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">(Fig. 1). Monomorphic. Head capsule and antennae a light yellowish colour; pronotum pale yellow; legs hyaline. Head covered with approx. 30 longer setae (0.1 mm) and approx. 100 shorter setae (≤ 0.05 mm) (Fig. 1A). In lateral view, dorsal surface of the head capsule slightly convex; postclypeus is moderately inflated. Antennae with 14 articles. Pronotum with four or five long setae and numerous short hairs. Mandibles with apical teeth more prominent than first marginal teeth; left mandible with M1+2 equilateral, M3 forming right angle, molar prominence projecting in line with apical tooth; right mandible with concave margin between M1 and M2 (Fig. 1B).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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Figure 1. Worker of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Echinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinotermes biriba" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biriba">Echinotermes biriba</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.: A dorsal and lateral views of head and pronotum B mandibles C right fore-tibia D digestive tube from left to right: dorsal, right, ventral and left views. Abbreviations: C = crop, EVS = enteric valve seating, MS = mesenteron, MT = mesenteric tongue, P1-P5 = proctodeal segments.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Fore-tibia moderately inflated (Fig. 1C) and covered with approx. 60 longer setae and approx. 40 shorter setae; pilosity denser apically. Third (external) spur very small. Femur with approx. 20 sparse large setae. Tibial spurs 2:2:2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Digestive tube (Fig. 1D) with very large crop, more voluminous than paunch (P3). Mesenteron forming complete 360° loop. Mesenteric tongue short, truncate. First proctodeal segment tubular, equal diameter throughout and visible its entire length in ventral view. Enteric valve seating trilobed, with smaller lobe not visible in intact gut. Enteric valve with six cushions, terminating at the opening to the P3 as spiny spheroids (Fig. 2).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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Figure 2. Worker enteric valve of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Echinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinotermes biriba" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biriba">Echinotermes biriba</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. A Spliced mount B whole mount, showing in situ position of armature. Note the filamentous bacteria attached to the spines. The trilobed seating anterior to the spines (removed in this preparation) is full of bacteria and devoid of food particles, referred by
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<bibRefCitation author="Noirot, C" journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" pagination="431 - 471" title="The gut of termites (Isoptera). Comparative anatomy, systematics, phylogeny. II. Higher termites (Termitidae)." volume="37" year="2001">Noirot (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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as the "bacterial pouch".
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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The crop of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. biriba" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="biriba">E. biriba</taxonomicName>
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is unusually large and the enteric valve armature, consisting of six spherical pectinate pads, is unique among all apicotermitine genera.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="23">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="2" pageNumber="23">
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Mandibles of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Rubeotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rubeotermes jheringi" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jheringi">Rubeotermes jheringi</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Humutermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Humutermes krishnai" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="krishnai">Humutermes krishnai</taxonomicName>
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are very similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. biriba" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="biriba">E. biriba</taxonomicName>
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, but the first marginal teeth of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. biriba" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="biriba">E. biriba</taxonomicName>
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are less prominent that those two genera. The diagnostic character of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. biriba" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="biriba">E. biriba</taxonomicName>
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is the enteric valve armature which is also spiked in the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Humutermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Humutermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humutermes</taxonomicName>
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enteric valve (EV) but in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="E. biriba" pageId="2" pageNumber="23" rank="species" species="biriba">E. biriba</taxonomicName>
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the EV
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="24" start="start">armature</pageBreakToken>
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is spherical while in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Humutermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Humutermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humutermes</taxonomicName>
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it is rather flat.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Humutermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Humutermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Humutermes</taxonomicName>
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species are smaller than
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Echinotermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Echinotermes</taxonomicName>
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. The enteric valve of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Grigiotermes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Grigiotermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Grigiotermes</taxonomicName>
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is composed of six uniform pectinate plates, while in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Patawatermes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Patawatermes" order="Blattodea" pageId="3" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Patawatermes</taxonomicName>
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the uniform plates are hemispherical.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="24">From the Latin Echino, meaning spiny, describing the EV armature.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |