255 lines
29 KiB
XML
255 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e37cd6ef-48e7-4484-8a3b-6ce1247434cf" ID-PMC="PMC3131050" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-105-1" ID-PubMed="21852919" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-105-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 105" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean" checkinTime="1451250317184" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C." docDate="2011" docId="4946A6D80C2FBA951E5D4A04C31BC657" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 105: 1-182" docOrigin="ZooKeys 105" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724" docTitle="Selenops aissus Walckenaer 1837" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="FFD3FF99FF8FFE16FFE2FF80FFEDFFF4" masterDocTitle="A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1668150752682" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A revision of the spider genus Selenops Latreille, 1819 (Arachnida, Araneae, Selenopidae) in North America, Central America and the Caribbean</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>105</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>182</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.105.724</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-105-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152029671" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4946A6D80C2FBA951E5D4A04C31BC657" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4946A6D80C2FBA951E5D4A04C31BC657" lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<subSubSection pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Selenops_aissus" authority="Walckenaer, 1837" authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus Walckenaer, 1837</taxonomicName>
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Figs 93-96202Map 10
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="70" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Walckenaer, CA" journalOrPublisher="Paris," pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 682" title="Histoire naturelle des insects. Apteres." volume="1" year="1837">Walckenaer 1837</bibRefCitation>
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: 547 (♀ lost, not examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Keyserling, E" journalOrPublisher="Verhandllungen der kaiserlich- kongiglichen zoologish-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="649 - 684" title="Neue Spinnen aus America. V." volume="33" year="1884">Keyserling 1884</bibRefCitation>
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: 683, pl. 21, Fig. 30 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops confusus" order="Araneae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusus">Selenops confusus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="51 - 248" title="Arachnida from Panama." volume="27" year="1925">Petrunkevitch 1925</bibRefCitation>
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: 134 (♀) (believed Keyserling's ♀ misidentified).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="51 - 248" title="Arachnida from Panama." volume="27" year="1925">Petrunkevitch 1925</bibRefCitation>
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: 134, Figs 50-52 (♀) (misidentified).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops timidus" order="Araneae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timidus">Selenops timidus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Bryant, EB" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" pagination="247 - 554" title="Cuban spiders in the Museum of Comparative Zoology." volume="86" year="1940">Bryant 1940</bibRefCitation>
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: 407, pl. 13, Fig. 183 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma 1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 31, Fig. 55 (♀).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops vexillarius" order="Araneae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vexillarius">Selenops vexillarius</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma 1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 30, Figs 53-54 (♂). Synonymized with
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation author="Alayon-Garcia, G" journalOrPublisher="Solenodon" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="10 - 52" title="La familia Selenopidae (Arachnida: Araneae) en Cuba." volume="5" year="2005">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Alayón-García">Alayon-Garcia</normalizedToken>
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(2005)
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="70" pageNumber="71" start="start">Selenops</pageBreakToken>
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aissus
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Alayon-Garcia, G" journalOrPublisher="Solenodon" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="10 - 52" title="La familia Selenopidae (Arachnida: Araneae) en Cuba." volume="5" year="2005">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Alayón-García">Alayon-Garcia</normalizedToken>
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2005
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 26, Figs 21-24 (♀, ♂).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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Female holotype: Trinidad, Walckenaer (MNHN - likely an erroneous locality, and type is lost; see 'Remarks' below), not examined. Neotype female (designated here) from Bahamas, Abaco Island, Ralph's Chimney, off Queen's (Abaco) Highway,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.2495">26°14'58.2"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.19039">77°11'25.4"W</geoCoordinate>
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, ~6 m, 14.V.2006, S. Crews, under bark of dead tree, SCC06_006, 1♀ (EME sel_315).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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BAHAMAS: Abaco: Abaco National Park,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="26.062222">26°03'44.0"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-77.21283">77°12'46.2"W</geoCoordinate>
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, ~13 m, 14.V.2006, S. Crews, under bark, limestone rocks, SCC06_005, 1 imm. (EME sel_313). Andros: Fresh Creek, 23.IV.1953, L. Giovannolli, 1♂, 2 imm. (AMNH). Eleuthera: Spanish Wells (holotype male and allotype female of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops vexillarius" order="Araneae" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vexillarius">Selenops vexillarius</taxonomicName>
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USNM); 1965, A. Spielman, 1♂ (AMNH); New Portsmouth, 28.III.1953, G. Rabb, several (AMNH). Grand Bahama: 29.VI.1951, A.F. Carr, Jr., 1♀ (FSU); West End Settlement, 5.VI.1949, 2♀ (FSU); Freeport, V.1965, A. Spielman, 1♀ (MCZ). Great Exuma: George Town, Regatta Point,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="23.50686">23°30'24.7"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-75.76611">75°45'58.0"W</geoCoordinate>
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, sea level, 18.V.2006, S. Crews, under fallen coconuts, and under bark, SCC06_009, 1♀, 5 imm. (EME sel_319-324); cays west of Green Turtle cut, 1973, R. Wetzler, 1♂ (MCZ); near Great Exuma, Wetzler, 1♂ (AMNH); Stanyard Cay, 13-I.1953, E. Hayden, 1♀ (AMNH). Long Island: Clarence Town, 14.III.1953, Hayden, Rabb, Giovannoli, 1♀ (AMNH); Deadman's Cay, 11.III.1953, E. Hayden, 1♀ (AMNH); Simons, 19.VII.1936, 1♀ (MCZ). San Salvador: Cockburn Town, 18.III.1953, Rabb, Giovannoli, 1♂ (AMNH); Gerace Field Station, trails behind field station, vic.
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="24.115">24°06.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-74.46333">74°27.8'W</geoCoordinate>
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, ~3-25 m, 19.V.2006, S. Crews, under rocks and bark, SCC06_012, 4♀, 7 imm. (CAS sel_333-343). Stocking Island: near Great Exuma,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="23.535805">23°32'08.9"N</geoCoordinate>
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, 75°46'29.6'W, sea level-~16 m, 18.V.2006, under bark of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Casuarina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Casuarina" order="Fagales" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Casuarina</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Burseraceae" genus="Bursera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bursera" order="Sapindales" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Bursera</taxonomicName>
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, S. Crews, SCC06_010, 2♀, 5 imm. (EME sel_325-331). CUBA: Cabanas: p dR, 5-8.IX.1913, 1♀ (AMNH). Cienfuegos Bay: Cays Ocampo, agave stump, 11.VII.1947, W.L. Nutting, 1♀ (MCZ); Ensenada de Cochina, 2.III.1917, Barbour, Brooks and Warner (holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops timidus" order="Araneae" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="timidus">Selenops timidus</taxonomicName>
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MCZ). UNITED STATES: Alabama: Montgomery Co., Montgomery, winter, 1946, A.F. Archer, 1♀; Florida: Key West, 1♀ (USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Females can be separated from other species by the posterior margin of the epigynal plate which extends below the epigastric furrow and forms two points (Figs 93-94). Males can be separated from other species by the very large RTA which extends laterally, and curves back toward the bulb. The longest apophysis also has a small process (Figs 95-96).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="71" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
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<bibRefCitation author="Walckenaer, CA" journalOrPublisher="Paris," pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 682" title="Histoire naturelle des insects. Apteres." volume="1" year="1837">Walckenaer (1837)</bibRefCitation>
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described this species from Trinidad. The type was lost. This species is not found in Trinidad. Either
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<bibRefCitation author="Walckenaer, CA" journalOrPublisher="Paris," pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 682" title="Histoire naturelle des insects. Apteres." volume="1" year="1837">Walckenaer (1837)</bibRefCitation>
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described another species, or this type was from another locality where
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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actually occurs. The drawing of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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from
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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is clearly the same as that provided by
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<bibRefCitation author="Keyserling, E" journalOrPublisher="Verhandllungen der kaiserlich- kongiglichen zoologish-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="649 - 684" title="Neue Spinnen aus America. V." volume="33" year="1884">Keyserling (1884)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="51 - 248" title="Arachnida from Panama." volume="27" year="1925">Petrunkevitch (1925)</bibRefCitation>
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doubted that Keyserling's (1884)
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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was the same as the type described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Walckenaer, CA" journalOrPublisher="Paris," pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 682" title="Histoire naturelle des insects. Apteres." volume="1" year="1837">Walckenaer (1837)</bibRefCitation>
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, and described
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops confusus" order="Araneae" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusus">Selenops confusus</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="51 - 248" title="Arachnida from Panama." volume="27" year="1925">Petrunkevitch (1925)</bibRefCitation>
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based this on leg lengths, which have problems associated with
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<pageBreakToken pageId="71" pageNumber="72" start="start">them</pageBreakToken>
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, including intraspecific variation.
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<bibRefCitation author="Petrunkevitch, A" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="51 - 248" title="Arachnida from Panama." volume="27" year="1925">Petrunkevitch (1925)</bibRefCitation>
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also illustrated two species of '
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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' from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Panamá">Panama</normalizedToken>
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, but the illustrations are clearly those of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops mexicanus" order="Araneae" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">Selenops mexicanus</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation author="Alayon-Garcia, G" journalOrPublisher="Solenodon" pageId="122" pageNumber="123" pagination="10 - 52" title="La familia Selenopidae (Arachnida: Araneae) en Cuba." volume="5" year="2005">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Alayón-García">Alayon-Garcia</normalizedToken>
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||
(2005)
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</bibRefCitation>
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synonymized the male of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops vexillarius" order="Araneae" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vexillarius">Selenops vexillarius</taxonomicName>
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with
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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. Although the type was not figured by
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<bibRefCitation author="Walckenaer, CA" journalOrPublisher="Paris," pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 682" title="Histoire naturelle des insects. Apteres." volume="1" year="1837">Walckenaer (1837)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Muma, MH" journalOrPublisher="American Museum Novitates" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" pagination="1 - 55" title="A study of the spider family Selenopidae in North and Central America and the West Indies." volume="1619" year="1953">Muma (1953)</bibRefCitation>
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believed this specimen to be the same as the one he was describing as
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
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. This leads me to two conclusions, both with the same outcome: (1)
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Walckenaer, CA" journalOrPublisher="Paris," pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 682" title="Histoire naturelle des insects. Apteres." volume="1" year="1837">Walckenaer (1837)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had incorrect locality data for the specimen he described as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Selenops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Selenops aissus" order="Araneae" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aissus">Selenops aissus</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Trinidad, or (2) the specimen
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Walckenaer, CA" journalOrPublisher="Paris," pageId="125" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 682" title="Histoire naturelle des insects. Apteres." volume="1" year="1837">Walckenaer (1837)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described was introduced on materials shipped from somewhere within the range of the species. In either case, the name is valid, but the locality data is not. Thus, no changes have been made to the name. Yet, in order to stabilize the species name, the female neotype collected from the Bahamas has been designated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">The specimen from Montgomery, Alabama is regarded as a likely importation, and it is unlikely this species is established there, especially in the winter.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">There is some variation in size. In particular, the specimens from Stocking Island are larger than specimens from elsewhere. For example, one specimen from Stocking Island (sel_325) has a body length of 15.20, while one from Great Exuma (sel_324) has a length of 8.20.There is variation in the morphology of the epigynum. In some species it is wider and shorter vs. others where it is narrower and longer. There is also variation in the markings on the abdomen. In some specimens there is only a festoon present. Other specimens have a festoon and faint pairs of spots anteromedially, some with festoon, spots and chevrons, caudally. There were not enough male specimens to assess variation.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="71" pageNumber="72">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="72" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="71" pageNumber="72">
|
||
Male (holotype of S. vexillarius):Color:carapace dark green-grey-brown; sternum grey-green; chelicerae red-brown, darker laterally; abdomen dorsally grey-brown, no markings visible; legs orange-brown, no visible markings. Carapace:0.90 times longer than broad. Eyes:AER slightly recurved; PER recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.20, ALE 0.06, PME 0.25, PLE 0.38; interdistances AME-PME 0.03, PME-ALE 0.05, ALE-PLE 0.33. PME-PME 1.10. ALE-ALE 1.78; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.40, PLE-PLE 2.25. Legs:leg formula 2314 (Muma, 1953); leg II longest. Mouthparts:chelicerae with stout setae medially and anteriorly; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Abdomen:without terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp: Fm,spination, d 1-1-2; cymbium oval in ventral view, slightly angled posterolaterally; conductor large, located anterolaterally, pointed laterally, not extending beyond cymbium edge, curving around from lateral margin, tapering to hook, small circular space where conductor attached to bulb; embolus long, slender, curved, tapering, beginning at 4 o'clock, terminating at 11 o'clock; MA originating at 4 o'clock, directed ventrally, on narrow, long base, tapering distally, and curved into a small single hook; two tibial apophyses, ventral process smaller, curves outward ventrally and back toward bulb, uniform in shape,slightly pointed at tip; lateral process very long, nearly as long as the cymbium, but arises rather low on the palpal tibia it barely reaches the cymbium, curves
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="72" pageNumber="73" start="start">outward</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, then back toward bulb, with second small process located near base; tibial apophyses barely reaching cymbium in ventral view (Figs 95-96). Dimensions: Total length 7.25. Carapace length 3.68, width 4.10. Abdomen length 3.58, width 2.60. Pedipalp: Fm 1.50, Pt 0.90, Ti 1.00, Ta 1.40, total 4.80. Leg I: Fm 4.50, Pt 1.20, Ti absent, Mt missing, Ta missing, total missing. Leg II: Fm 4.50, Pt 2.50, Ti 5.00, Mt 3.20, Ta missing, total missing. Leg III: Fm 4.50, Pt 2.40, Ti 4.90, Mt 3.20, Ta 2.00, total 17.00. Leg IV: Fm 3.90, Pt 1.60, Ti missing, Mt missing, Ta missing, total missing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
|
||
Female (holotype of S. timidus): Color:carapace (holotype) orange-brown, white setae present (neotype) red-brown to yellow-brown, tan, sometimes with dusky markings distally and darker laterally, white setae present; sternum light yellow to light brown; chelicerae (holotype) red-brown (neotype) red-brown darker laterally; maxillae light yellow to light brown, lightening distally; labium light yellow to light brown; abdomen dorsally (holotype) yellowish anteriorly, brown elsewhere, festoon no longer visible, dark spots barely visible (neotype) light grey; ventrally grey, no markings visible; legs (holotype) orange-brown, no visible markings (neotype) light yellow with faint annulations, legs darkening from the tibiae to tarsi. Carapace: 0.85 times longer than broad; fovea longitudinal, broad, very shallow. Eyes:AER nearly straight; PER recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye diameters, AME 0.28, ALE 0.08, PME 0.38, PLE 0.48; interdistances AME-PME 0.10, PME-ALE 0.10, ALE-PLE 0.55. PME-PME 1.50. ALE-ALE 2.43; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.55, PLE-PLE 2.60; clypeus 0.14 high. Mouthparts:chelicerae with a few scattered setae medially and anteriorly; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum:1.08 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Legs:leg I much shorter than legs II, III and IV; leg formula 2341; scopulae present on all four tarsi, on metatarsi and distally on tibiae of legs I and II; tarsi I-IV with strong claw tufts; pr claw per foot slightly toothed; spination: leg I, Fm pr 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2; Mt v 2-2; leg II, Fm pr 0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2; Mt v 2-2; leg III, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0; Mt v 2-2; leg IV, Fm pr 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0, d 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1, rl 0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–0–">-0-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1; Ti v 2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
|
||
0; Mt v 2-2. Abdomen:without terminal setal tufts. Pedipalp:claw with 8 teeth. Epigyne: epigynal plate triangular, extending posteriorly past epigastric furrow, into two points, median area with u-shape, genital openings located along posterior margin of this, epigynal pockets absent; internally, short ducts extend to large roundish spermathecae, fertilization ducts located anteriorly and directed anterolaterally, posterodorsal fold absent (Figs 93-94). Dimensions: Total length 10.38. Carapace length 4.58, width 5.40. Sternum length 2.60, width 2.40. Abdomen length 5.80, width 4.50. Pedipalp: Fm 1.00, Pt 0.50, Ti 1.00, Ta 1.75, total 4.25. Leg I: Fm 4.50, Pt 1.50, Ti 3.50, Mt 3.00, Ta 1.60, total 14.10. Leg II: Fm 6.00, Pt 2.00, Ti 5.00, Mt 3.75, Ta 1.60, total 18.35. Leg III: Fm 5.40, Pt 1.75, Ti 4.65, Mt 4.00, Ta 1.75, total 17.55. Leg IV: Fm 5.00, Pt 1.4,0 Ti 4.00, Mt 3.50, Ta 1.60, total 15.50.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Found under the bark of several types of trees, in agave, and under rocks (Fig. 202).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Found in the Florida Keys, the Bahamian islands of Abaco, Andros, Eleuthera, Grand Bahama, Great Exuma, Long Island, Staniel Cay, Stocking Island and San Salvador, as well as on the Greater Antillean island of Cuba (Map 10).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |