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<mods:title id="153C19C49F2C76E402F859434130378B">Three new species of the fern genus Arachniodes (Dryopteridaceae) from Vietnam</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FD98FFFFC85E4CB37E024C0967941932">Lu, Ngan Thi</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F9CA94D1E3907DF8913E2428585C14DD">CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China &amp; Department of Biology, Vietnam National Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AECC9B45F5373FF84B1367472D0EEB86">Zhang, Liang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="640012EA1A3C857722A3D05EC44375BF">Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C68BF0EB5A37B6DA6320EA965C93C582">Zhou, Xin-Mao</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="08AF28220C4779AB5E713A1175DF7273">School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="43077A604A9C835267305EFF01630C04">Gao, Xin-Fen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="89C746E56310B0501345ED2B43251E1C">CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 416, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7A300C1FA9EBBC27020060ABD7B235FE">Zhang, Li-Bing</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CC6C0860BE2BD6B0D7E3B8DC6093373B">Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd., St. Louis, Missouri 63110, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="AFD1EABB28304718AE85520EFC32FD8F" ID-CoL="G2ZS" authority="Li Bing Zhang, N.T. Lu &amp; Liang Zhang" authorityName="Li Bing Zhang, N. T. Lu &amp; Liang Zhang" authorityYear="2018" box="[136,896,590,617]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Arachniodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaudata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AE85520EFE0AFD8F" bold="true" box="[136,440,590,617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Arachniodes longicaudata</emphasis>
Li Bing Zhang, N.T. Lu &amp; Liang Zhang
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, 
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<figureCitation id="F0EA8DBD28304718ADEB5210FB81FD8F" box="[998,1075,592,617]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1763,1784]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,461,1737]" captionTargetId="figure-145@2.[151,1436,461,1738]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Arachniodes longicaudata Li Bing Zhang, N.T. Lu &amp; Liang Zhang.—A, D &amp; E. Habit.—B. Lower portion of plant.—C. Stipe base.—F. Lamina showing lowest pinnae.—G. Frond.—H. Lamina apex.—J. Portion of pinnae.—K. Portion of pinnule showing marginal sori." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13726658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13726658/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
&amp; 
<figureCitation id="F0EA8DBD28304718AA5B5210FBD5FD8F" box="[1110,1127,592,617]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1862,1883]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1436,190,1837]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. The morphology of scales, spores, and indusia. A–C, H, I &amp; L. Arachniodes quangnamensis.—A. Rhizome scales.—B. Scales from stipe base.—C. Scales from distal portion of stipe.—H &amp; I. SEM photographs of spores.—L. Ciliate indusia. D, E, J, K &amp; N. A. longicaudata.—D. Scales from stipe base.—E. Scales from distal portion of stipe.—J &amp; K. SEM photographs of spores.—N. Indusia with long and hairlike ciliate. F, G &amp; M. A. daklakensis.—F. Scales from stipe base.—G. Scales from distal portion of stipe.—M. Indusia with long and hairlike ciliate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13726662" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13726662/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">3</figureCitation>
: D, E, J, K &amp; N.
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Type:— 
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. Nghean Province: Pumat National park, elev. 
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, 
<date id="1C6FB7F828304718AD5E5236FC44FD6D" box="[851,1014,630,651]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" value="2014-10-29">29 October 2014</date>
, 
<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AA0D5236FA19FD6D" box="[1024,1451,630,651]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Li Bing Zhang, Liang Zhang &amp; Ngan Thi Lu</emphasis>
7189 (
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!, 
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!, 
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!).
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Diagnosis:—This species resembles 
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<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AFE152FEFD74FD35" box="[492,710,702,723]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Arachniodes chinensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0C40ECC928304718ACD952FEFC10FD35" author="Rosenstock, E." box="[724,930,702,723]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" pagination="129 - 135" refId="ref4554" refString="Rosenstock, E. (1914) XXXV. Filices extremi orientis novae II. Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 13 (355 - 358): 129 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / fedr. 19140130902" type="journal article" year="1914">Rosenstock 1914: 30</bibRefCitation>
) Ching (1962: 257)
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by having laminae 2-pinnate and deltoid, pinnae slightly oblique deltoid to lanceolate, and pinnules lanceolate or oblong, but the former has rhizomes ascending, lamina apex caudate, with a conform terminal pinna, sori closer to the segment margins than to the midrib, and indusia ciliate; in contrast, the latter has rhizomes creeping, lamina apex acuminate, sori medial between midvein and margin or closer to midvein, and indusial often entire.
</paragraph>
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Rhizome erect, ascending, small, ca. 1.5 × 1.0 cm, with remnant bases of old stipes, 5–7 fronds in one plant; ca. 15 roots, 
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× 
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, apex densely scaly; scales fragile often break, brown to dark brown, filiform to lanceolate, 1.6–8 × 0.4–1.0 mm, entire, membranous. Frond 
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, stipe 
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× 
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, base densely scaly with scales similar to those on rhizome, upward scales appressed, filiform-linear, 1.0–8 × 
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, but blackish, thicker, based or round attached with upper part entire, lower part margin sparse hairlike or irregular denticulate. Lamina 2- pinnate, often longer than stipe, dull green when dried, deltoid somewhat as triangular or deltoid-lanceolate, 8–32 × 
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, thinly papery to papery, base cordate, rounded-truncate, or broadly cuneate, apex abruptly caudate with a stalked conform terminal pinna, apex very long up to 
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and bigger than lateral pinnae (larger any pinnae); rachis abaxially and adaxially scaly as distal portion of stipe scales; pinnae 1–(2)–3–(4) pairs, lowest pinnae lanceolate, 5–13 × 
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, alternate, lower 1 (or 2) pairs opposite with short stalk 
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, base cordate, rounded-truncate, or broadly cuneate, apex acuminate; pinnules 6–14 pairs, very short stalked or sessile, lanceolate or oblong, 2.5 × 
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, base acroscopically rounded, broad cuneate (broad acute), obtuse, basiscopically cuneate, apex acute or obtuse, margin mucronate or aristate; costule, veins of ultimate segments with minute brown linear-subulate appressed scales abaxially. Sori, 
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, terminal on veinlets, 2–11 pairs per ultimate segment, close to margin; spores subglobose to elliptical 
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, 31–36 × 43–45 um, inflated, irregular echinate folder; indusia, 
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, dark brown, firmly membranous, subentire, long ciliate as hairlike.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AEB05594FED6FA0B" bold="true" box="[189,356,1492,1517]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to long caudate apex of the species
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="20CBC2B328304718AEB055B8FD6FF8EB" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" type="distribution">
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<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AEB055B8FEC7F9F7" bold="true" box="[189,373,1528,1553]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Distribution:—</emphasis>
This species is currently known from North-Central 
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="686E913828304718AEB0565CFDEAF923" blockId="4.[136,1452,916,1805]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">
<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AEB0565CFE94F9D3" bold="true" box="[189,294,1564,1589]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Notes:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AFD1EABB28304718AF2B565CFDE5F9D3" box="[294,599,1564,1589]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Arachniodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaudata">
<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AF2B565CFDE5F9D3" box="[294,599,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Arachniodes longicaudata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphologically also resembles 
<taxonomicName id="AFD1EABB28304718ADE7565CFECDF9BF" authority="(Y. C. Wu 1932: 78) Serizawa (1973: 219)" authorityName="Serizawa" authorityPageNumber="219" authorityYear="1973" baseAuthorityName="Y. C. Wu" baseAuthorityPageNumber="78" baseAuthorityYear="1932" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Arachniodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yaoshanensis">
<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718ADE7565CFB15F9D3" box="[1002,1191,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">A. yaoshanensis</emphasis>
(Y.C. 
<bibRefCitation id="0C40ECC928304718AB0D565CFA11F9D3" author="Wu, Y. - C. &amp; Wong, K. - K. &amp; Pong, S. - M." box="[1280,1443,1564,1589]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" pagination="1 - 372" refId="ref4699" refString="Wu, Y. - C., Wong, K. - K. &amp; Pong, S. - M. (1932) Polypodiaceae Yaoshanensis, Kwangsi. Bulletin of the Department of Biology: College of Science: Sun Ya-tsen University 3: 1 - 372." type="journal article" year="1932">Wu 1932: 78</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="0C40ECC928304718AE855600FECDF9BF" author="Serizawa, S." box="[136,383,1600,1625]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" pagination="218 - 219" refId="ref4597" refString="Serizawa, S. (1973) On Arachniodes chinensis. Journal of Japanese Botany 48 (7): 218 - 219." type="journal article" year="1973">Serizawa (1973: 219)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by having long caudate lamina apex, lowest pinnae not elongated, but the former has fewer pinnae sometimes lamina triangular, scales not blackish, and sori closer to segment margins. Phylogenetically, 
<taxonomicName id="AFD1EABB28304718AB9E5624FEAEF947" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Arachniodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaudata">
<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AB9E5624FEAEF947" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">A. longicaudata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was resolved as sister to 
<taxonomicName id="AFD1EABB28304718AC4056C8FB73F947" authority="(Ching 1931: 191) Ching (1962: 258)" authorityName="Ching" authorityPageNumber="258" authorityYear="1962" baseAuthorityName="Ching" baseAuthorityPageNumber="191" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[589,1217,1672,1697]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Arachniodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigrospinosa">
<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AC4056C8FCB2F947" box="[589,768,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">A. nigrospinosa</emphasis>
(Ching 1931: 191) Ching (1962: 258)
</taxonomicName>
whose 
<typeStatus id="B76A2F9A28304718AB1056C8FAFFF947" box="[1309,1357,1672,1697]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">type</typeStatus>
is from 
<collectingRegion id="AA155FDA28304718AE8556ECFEBCF923" box="[136,270,1708,1733]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="10C6D1A828304718AF1456ECFEEEF923" box="[281,348,1708,1733]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">China</collectingCountry>
(Lu 
<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AF9F56ECFE78F923" box="[402,458,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">et al.</emphasis>
, submitted).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="686E913828304718AEB05690FD6FF8EB" blockId="4.[136,1452,916,1805]" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">
<taxonomicName id="AFD1EABB28304718AEB05690FE54F90F" box="[189,486,1744,1769]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Arachniodes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="130" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longicaudata">
<emphasis id="5AA54D2A28304718AEB05690FE54F90F" box="[189,486,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Arachniodes longicaudata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not rare in 
<collectingCountry id="10C6D1A828304718AC8F5690FD53F90F" box="[642,737,1744,1769]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
and can be found in the North (Bavi, Langson, Tamdao) and in the Central (Nghean, Quangbinh, Quangtri) 
<collectingCountry id="10C6D1A828304718AC7A56B4FD68F8EB" box="[631,730,1780,1805]" name="Vietnam" pageId="4" pageNumber="130">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>