treatments-xml/data/03/B3/4A/03B34A30FFDDFFABFF1F70CC5243F92C.xml

<document id="8DDCEE7AE1C1B832672FCC58488EB089" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.9" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13721148" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725661281788" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Averyanov, Leonid V., Tanaka, Noriyuki, Son, Hoang Thanh, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Maisak, Tatiana V., Nguyen, Tien Hiep &amp; Peng, Ching-I" docDate="2018" docId="03B34A30FFDDFFABFF1F70CC5243F92C" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.334.1.9.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 334 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.9" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Tupistra cardinalis Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. A. Plant 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="63" masterDocId="FF8A3248FFDDFFA8FF9777635733FFE9" masterDocTitle="Tupistra cardinalis (Asparagaceae), a new species from limestone areas in northern Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="60" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1725672218907" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="FDB546D4757F2C4ED785166F859DD60E">Tupistra cardinalis (Asparagaceae), a new species from limestone areas in northern Vietnam</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="834A54565FD1E5F537267A709D3D645B">Averyanov, Leonid V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="84B907FB4993660AED185A94D0C9FD01">Tanaka, Noriyuki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2709739DF72CC1ECCF93B88E81E9656B">98 - 11 Otsuka, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192 - 0352 Japan.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5C42F20C8C2B55DBC8BB675DE7F17C57">Son, Hoang Thanh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D1AC66535CFCDC6E0D5492EB7E02ACE3">Silviculture Research Institute, Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences, 46 Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Ha Noi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="642989AB9BC908711D239D133F91FB85">Nguyen, Khang Sinh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="064997AC169A256C4A6603E473B9E76C">Maisak, Tatiana V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="57547BD4F8C411D3B13B50457F752D62">Nguyen, Tien Hiep</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BD12AC473A2D6B77849992B8A44B92F0">Center for Plant Conservation, no. 25 / 32, lane 191, Lac Long Quan, Nghia Do, Cau Giay District, Ha Noi, Vietnam.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AB24461B6AF4DAB7614F75C569116C11">Peng, Ching-I</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DB5E4199571BE78D6F9572A9E9A7F256">Research Museum and Herbarium (HAST), Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei 115, Taiwan.</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDDFFA8FF1F70CC5650F821" bold="true" box="[136,355,1967,1992]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="60">Tupistra cardinalis</emphasis>
Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25D9A4FFFDDFFA8FDEB70CC55E1F821" box="[636,722,1967,1992]" pageId="0" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(
<figureCitation id="1321E7A3FFDDFFA8FD7570CC541CF821" box="[738,815,1967,1992]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,229,1768,1789]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,491,1746]" captionTargetId="figure-176@1.[151,1436,491,1746]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Tupistra cardinalis Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son.A. Plant in habitat. B. Flowering plant in habitat. C. Basal part of plant. D. Spike of fully open flowers. E. Portion of spike at late stage of flowering. F. Close up of flowers showing partially cracked stigmas. All photos" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13721150" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13721150/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="60">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="1321E7A3FFDDFFA8FCAA70CC547DF821" box="[829,846,1967,1992]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1808,1829]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,183,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-15@2.[261,1327,183,1783]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Tupistra cardinalis Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. (d-EXSICCATES OF VIETNAMESE FLORA 0293/CPC5429a). A. Flowering plants. B. Flattened leaf and inflorescence prior to holotype preparation. C–E. Inflorescences at different stage of anthesis. F. Apical parts of inflorescence with flower buds. G. Flowers in central part of inflorescence. H–J. Flowers, frontal and lateral views. K. Flower bud and floral bracts, lateral view. L. Floral bract and bracteole. M. Removed flowers, frontal views. N. Flowers with removed pistil, frontal and dorsal views. O. Intact individual flower, and flower with removed tepals, lateral views. P. Longitudinal section of apical part of inflorescence showing two flowers. Q. Longitudinal section of flower. R. Stamens and ovary, apical view. S. Stamens, apical and lateral views. T. Pistil, lateral view. U. Pistil, dorsal view. V. Longitudinal section of pistil. W. Stigma, apical view. Holotype and isotypes were prepared from the plants photographed here.All photos taken by L. Averyanov, correction and design by L. Averyanov and T. Maisak." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13721152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13721152/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="60">2</figureCitation>
).
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<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDDFFA8FF1F70B65638F803" bold="true" box="[136,267,2005,2026]" pageId="0" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDDFFA8FE9C70B656F2F803" box="[267,449,2005,2026]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="60">Tupistra cardinalis</emphasis>
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differs from closest 
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by the shorter peduncle, thicker spike, longer perigone tube, filaments not particularly dilated below, anthers attached to the base of perigone segments and larger, hemispheric, dentate stigma.
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, 
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, Nguyen Binh district, Yen Lac municipality, Chi Doi village, around point 
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, 
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, primary fractionally logged coniferous forest with 
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<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDCFFA9FCD677A0533DFF31" box="[833,1038,195,216]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Pseudotsuga sinensis</emphasis>
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along highly eroded rocky limestone ridge at elevation about 
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a.s.l., ascending terrestrial and lithophytic herb with leaves to 
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(and more) long on rocky mountain slope, not common, 
<date id="FFA4DDE6FFDCFFA9FE167668551CFEC9" box="[385,559,267,288]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" value="2017-11-05">5 November 2017</date>
(ex hort at the Komarov Botanical Institute, Russia), 
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. Averyanov &amp; 
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. Maisak 
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5429a/ 
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(
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, 
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!, 
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, 
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!). Plants in cultivation were originally collected in the wild at the type locality on 
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, 
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. Averyanov, 
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. 
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. Hiep, 
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. 
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. Tuan, 
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. 
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. Khang, 
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. Maisak, 
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. Osinovets
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5429a.).
</paragraph>
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:—
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, 
<collectingRegion id="49DE35C4FFDCFFA9FE167614550CFE65" box="[385,575,375,396]" country="Vietnam" name="Cao Bang" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Cao Bang province</collectingRegion>
, Trung Khanh district, Ngoc Con municipality, Trung Khanh nature reserve, around point 
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, 
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, at elevation about 
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a.s.l., 
<date id="FFA4DDE6FFDCFFA9FCBA76F854DAFE59" box="[813,1001,411,432]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" value="2016-12-19">19 December 2016</date>
, 
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. 
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. Son, 
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. 
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. Peng, 
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. 
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. Lun, 
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. 
<collectionCode id="ED0B63E3FFDCFFA9FAA976F85267FE59" box="[1342,1364,411,432]" country="Austria" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15588" name="Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">W</collectionCode>
. His, 
<collectionCode id="ED0B63E3FFDCFFA9FA1A76F8529FFE59" box="[1421,1452,411,432]" country="Australia" name="The CB Rhizobium Collection" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">CB</collectionCode>
3567
</emphasis>
(Herbarium of Silviculture Research Institute of Vietnamese Academy of Forest Sciences).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA5FB26FFDCFFA9FF1F718B5298F8F3" blockId="1.[136,1452,1768,1854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDCFFA9FF1F718B57CEF914" bold="true" box="[136,253,1768,1789]" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1A80A5FFDCFFA9FE94718B55CBF914" authority="Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. A. Plant" authorityName="Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. A. Plant" authorityYear="2018" box="[259,760,1768,1789]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tupistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cardinalis">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDCFFA9FE94718B568BF914" box="[259,440,1768,1789]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">Tupistra cardinalis</emphasis>
Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. A. Plant
</taxonomicName>
in habitat. B. Flowering plant in habitat. C. Basal part of plant. D. Spike of fully open flowers. E. Portion of spike at late stage of flowering. F. Close up of flowers showing partially cracked stigmas. All photos
</paragraph>
</caption>
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taken by 
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. 
<collectionCode id="ED0B63E3FFDCFFA9FF60704A5634F8D7" box="[247,263,1833,1854]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">T</collectionCode>
. Son from 
<collectionCode id="ED0B63E3FFDCFFA9FEE7704A56A3F8D7" box="[368,400,1833,1854]" country="Australia" name="The CB Rhizobium Collection" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">CB</collectionCode>
3567, correction and design by 
<collectionCode id="ED0B63E3FFDCFFA9FD52704A55E5F8D7" box="[709,726,1833,1854]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="1" pageNumber="61" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
. Averyanov.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA5FB26FFDCFFABFF1F700D5273FB40" blockId="1.[136,1452,1902,2071]" lastBlockId="3.[136,1452,160,1733]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="1" pageNumber="61">
Terrestrial or occasionally lithophytic, evergreen, perennial herb. Roots many, stout, fleshy, white to light grey, hairy. Stems erect, suberect or sometimes ascending, simple or few branched, terete, (3–)4–6(–10) cm long, (2–)2.5–3(–3.5) cm in diameter, covered with sheath leaves and leaf bases, proximally rhizome-like, semi-woody, with many close annular nodes with brownish, partially disintegrated papyraceous bracteal remains. Sheath leaves (cataphylls) equitant, sub-distichous, narrowly triangular or linear lanceolate, base amplexicaule, apex acuminate or acute, (4–)6–25(–30) cm long, (0.5–)1–2(–2.5) cm wide, conduplicate, coriaceous, yellowish-green or light green, glaucous, becoming dark dirty-brown and partially disintegrated with age. Leaves suberect or obliquely expanded, often recurved distally, equitant, (0.8–)1–1.3(–1.5) m long, entire; blade narrowly oblanceolate to oblanceolate, (45–)50–60(–70) cm long, (3–)5–10(–11) cm wide, wavy, leathery, uniformly dark green, glossy, midvein prominently raised abaxially, gradually tapering to thick, rigid, canaliculate, long petiole-like base (35–)45–55(–60) cm long, apex acute to shortly acuminate. Peduncle axillary in apical part of stem, erect, straight or slightly flexuose, fleshy, rigid, subterete, irregularly angled longitudinally, glabrous, (12–)16–18(–20) cm long, as long as or slightly longer than the inflorescence rachis, (5–)6– 8(–10) mm in diameter, whitish, light green, or purplish. Inflorescence a terminal, spadix-like spike, dense or subdense with many flowers, cylindrical, (12–)15–24(–28) cm long, (2.4–)2.8–3.2(–3.5) cm in diameter. Bracts 2 per flower, the outer one larger than the inner one, persistent; the larger one (bract) subtending flower from below, bail-shaped, rectangular to ovate, rigid, fleshy at base, subacute to truncate at apex, slightly irregularly incised and scarious along margins, light green to greenish purple, (7–)8–10(–11) mm long, (4–)4.5–5(–6) mm wide at base, shorter than flowers; the smaller one (bracteole) lateral to flower, oblong ovate, subacute or obtuse, (3–)4–6(–6.5) mm long, ca. 
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wide, purplish, midvein obscurely carinate abaxially. Flower buds obliquely ovoid or (sub)globular, externally dull whitish green tinged with purple. Flowers acropetally open, sessile, patent to slightly ascending, bisexual. Perigone broadly campanulate, distally 6-cleft, (2–)2.2–2.4(–2.6) cm in diameter (perigone with fully recurved segments (1.6–)1.8–2.2(–2.4) cm in diameter), fleshy; proximal tubular part (perigone tube) crateriform, (4.5–)5–6(–6.5) mm long, dull whitish or pale colored on both sides, sometimes tinged purple externally; segments narrowly ovate, irregularly revolute laterally, strongly recurved distally in mid to late anthesis, (8–)9–10(–11) mm long, (4.5–)5–6(–6.5) mm wide at base, pale dull greenish yellow, dull orange yellow tinged green distally, or brownish purple. Stamens 6; filaments inserted at base of perigone segments, shortly subterete, fleshy, 
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long, 
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in diameter; anthers ovoid, (1.4–)1.6–1.8(–2) mm long, biloculate, dorsifixed, introrse; pollen whitish. Pistil umbraculate, (10–)11–12(–13) mm long, exceeding perigone; ovary superior, inconspicuous, slightly inflated laterally, (2.8–)3–3.2(–3.4) mm long and wide, glabrous, glossy, white, 3-locular, each locule containing 2 narrowly ovoid ovules; style columnar, straight or slightly curving upward, broadened toward apex, (7–)8–9(–10) mm long, (1.3–)1.4–1.6(–1.8) mm in diameter at base and (2.6–)2.8–3.4(–3.6) mm in diameter in distal part, longitudinally few-ribbed distally, glabrous, white; stigma hemispheric, largely covering anthers, (9–)10–12(–12.5) mm in diameter, frontal surface finely tuberculate, (dark) dull pink purple or dark dull brownish purple, more or less radially striate with darker purple, often irregularly cracked centrally in late stage of flowering, dorsal side whitish, margins revolute, dentate. Fruits and seeds not seen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF65ABAEFFDFFFAAFF1F707352A3F7C8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13721152" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13721152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13721152/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" startId="2.[136,229,1808,1829]" targetBox="[261,1327,183,1782]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA5FB26FFDFFFAAFF1F707352A3F7C8" blockId="2.[136,1452,1808,2081]" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDFFFAAFF1F707357CDF8CC" bold="true" box="[136,254,1808,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1A80A5FFDFFFAAFE937073559FF8CC" authority="Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son." authorityName="Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. A. Plant" authorityYear="2018" box="[260,684,1808,1829]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tupistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="2" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cardinalis">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDFFFAAFE9370735689F8CC" box="[260,442,1808,1829]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="62">Tupistra cardinalis</emphasis>
Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son.
</taxonomicName>
(d-EXSICCATES OF VIETNAMESE FLORA 0293/CPC5429a). A. Flowering plants. B. Flattened leaf and inflorescence prior to holotype preparation. C–E. Inflorescences at different stage of anthesis. F. Apical parts of inflorescence with flower buds. G. Flowers in central part of inflorescence. H–J. Flowers, frontal and lateral views. K. Flower bud and floral bracts, lateral view. L. Floral bract and bracteole. M. Removed flowers, frontal views. N. Flowers with removed pistil, frontal and dorsal views. O. Intact individual flower, and flower with removed tepals, lateral views. P. Longitudinal section of apical part of inflorescence showing two flowers. Q. Longitudinal section of flower. R. Stamens and ovary, apical view. S. Stamens, apical and lateral views. T. Pistil, lateral view. U. Pistil, dorsal view. V. Longitudinal section of pistil. W. Stigma, apical view. Holotype and isotypes were prepared from the plants photographed here. All photos taken by L. Averyanov, correction and design by L. Averyanov and T. Maisak.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C300A8ADFFDEFFABFF2A73D75489FB24" box="[189,954,1204,1229]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" type="etymology">
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<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFF2A73D75657FB24" bold="true" box="[189,356,1204,1229]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet refers to the color of the stigmas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C300A8ADFFDEFFABFF2A73BB5243F92C" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA5FB26FFDEFFABFF2A73BB5249FB18" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1733]" box="[189,1402,1240,1265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFF2A73BB566AFB18" bold="true" box="[189,345,1240,1265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Distribution:</emphasis>
—Northern 
<collectingCountry id="F30DBBB6FFDEFFABFE7673BB5577FB18" box="[481,580,1240,1265]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="49DE35C4FFDEFFABFDD973BB5415FB18" box="[590,806,1240,1265]" country="Vietnam" name="Cao Bang" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Cao Bang province</collectingRegion>
(Nguyen Binh and Trung Khanh districts). Endemic.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA5FB26FFDEFFABFF2A739F5251FAFC" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1733]" box="[189,1378,1276,1301]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFF2A739F5534FAFC" bold="true" box="[189,519,1276,1301]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Taxonomic relationships:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1A80A5FFDEFFABFD91739F55EFFAFC" authorityName="Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. A. Plant" authorityYear="2018" box="[518,732,1276,1301]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tupistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cardinalis">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFD91739F55EFFAFC" box="[518,732,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Tupistra cardinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears closely allied to 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A80A5FFDEFFABFC60739F5276FAFC" authority="Aver., N. Tanaka" authorityName="Aver., N. Tanaka" box="[1015,1349,1276,1301]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tupistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="densiflora">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFC60739F53B6FAFC" box="[1015,1157,1276,1301]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">T. densiflora</emphasis>
Aver., N. Tanaka
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA5FB26FFDEFFABFF2A72435656FA4C" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1733]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
Nghiem in 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B86D7FFDEFFABFEA87243554DFAD0" author="Averyanov, L. V. &amp; Tanaka, N. &amp; Nguyen, K. H. &amp; Truong, B. V. &amp; Nghiem, D. T. &amp; Nguyen, T. H." box="[319,638,1312,1337]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" pagination="23 - 37" refId="ref3070" refString="Averyanov, L. V., Tanaka, N., Nguyen, K. H., Truong, B. V., Nghiem, D. T. &amp; Nguyen, T. H. (2016) New species of Ophiopogon, Peliosanthes and Tupistra (Asparagaceae s. l.) in the flora of Vietnam. Nordic Journal of Botany 34: 23 - 37. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / njb. 00854" type="journal article" year="2016">
Averyanov 
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFE55724356C5FAD0" box="[450,502,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
. (2016: 32)
</bibRefCitation>
described from northern 
<collectingCountry id="F30DBBB6FFDEFFABFC3372435330FAD0" box="[932,1027,1312,1337]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
in having an umbraculate pistil with a large hemispheric dentate stigma largely covering the anthers, but differs chiefly by the slightly larger (
<quantity id="4CE256C3FFDEFFABFAA87227529FFAB4" box="[1343,1452,1348,1373]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7305" metricValueMax="3.175" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" unit="in" value="10.75" valueMax="12.5" valueMin="9.0">9–12.5 in</quantity>
diameter vs. 
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in diameter), purplish (vs. white to slightly yellowish) stigma, and significantly longer style (7–10 vs. 
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).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA5FB26FFDEFFABFF2A72D35243F92C" blockId="3.[136,1452,160,1733]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C1A80A5FFDEFFABFF2A72D356A0FA20" authorityName="Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. A. Plant" authorityYear="2018" box="[189,403,1456,1481]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tupistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cardinalis">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFF2A72D356A0FA20" box="[189,403,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Tupistra cardinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may somewhat resemble 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A80A5FFDEFFABFD2172D3532DFA20" authority="Y. Wan &amp; X. H. Lu" authorityName="Y. Wan &amp; X. H. Lu" box="[694,1054,1456,1481]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tupistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longispica">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFD2172D35474FA20" box="[694,839,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">T. longispica</emphasis>
Y. Wan &amp; X.H. Lu
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B86D7FFDEFFABFBD572D353CCFA20" author="Wan, Y." box="[1090,1279,1456,1481]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" pagination="165 - 171" refId="ref3959" refString="Wan, Y. (1984) New species of Liliaceae from Guangxi. Bulletin of Botanical Research, Harbin 4 (4): 165 - 171." type="journal article" year="1984">Wan (1984: 168)</bibRefCitation>
from 
<collectingRegion id="49DE35C4FFDEFFABFAD372D35294FA20" box="[1348,1447,1456,1481]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F30DBBB6FFDEFFABFF1F72B757FDFA04" box="[136,206,1492,1517]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">China</collectingCountry>
, but is clearly distinguishable mainly by the shorter peduncle (up to 
<quantity id="4CE256C3FFDEFFABFC5472B75334FA04" box="[963,1031,1492,1517]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
vs. 
<quantity id="4CE256C3FFDEFFABFBA372B75395FA04" box="[1076,1190,1492,1517]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="26.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="20.0">20–33 cm</quantity>
), thicker spike (
<quantity id="4CE256C3FFDEFFABFAC172B75799F9F8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.4">2.4–3.5 cm</quantity>
in diameter vs. 
<quantity id="4CE256C3FFDEFFABFEF3729B56FEF9F8" box="[356,461,1528,1553]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" unit="cm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 cm</quantity>
in diameter), whitish or pale colored perigone usually with orange yellow or brownish purple segments (vs. white perianth, later turning yellow), longer perigone tube (
<quantity id="4CE256C3FFDEFFABFB81717F5393F9DC" box="[1046,1184,1564,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5–6.5 mm</quantity>
vs. 
<quantity id="4CE256C3FFDEFFABFB59717F5203F9DC" box="[1230,1328,1564,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
), filaments not particularly dilated below (vs. dilated below), anthers attached to the base (vs. to 1/3 to 1/4 portion above the base) of perigone segments, larger (
<quantity id="4CE256C3FFDEFFABFD83710755A6F994" box="[532,661,1636,1661]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.075" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="10.75" valueMax="12.5" valueMin="9.0">9–12.5 mm</quantity>
in diameter vs. 
<quantity id="4CE256C3FFDEFFABFCD171075491F994" box="[838,930,1636,1661]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
in diameter), hemispheric, dentate (vs. peltate, trisected) stigma. It is interesting that 
<bibRefCitation id="EF8B86D7FFDEFFABFDB271EB55FEF948" author="Hu, G. W. &amp; Li, H. &amp; Tan, Y. &amp; Liu, Y. &amp; Long, C. L." box="[549,717,1672,1697]" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" refId="ref3360" refString="Hu, G. W., Li, H., Tan, Y., Liu, Y. &amp; Long, C. L. (2013) Tupistra hongheensis (Ruscaceae), a new species from Yunnan, China based on morphological, karyotypic, and pollen morphological studies. Journal of Systematic and Evolution 51: 230. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jse. 12008 _ 6" type="journal volume" year="2013">
Hu 
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFDDB71EB554FF948" box="[588,636,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">et al</emphasis>
. (2013
</bibRefCitation>
; S6-5, 
<figureCitation id="1321E7A3FFDEFFABFC8071EB54BFF948" box="[791,908,1672,1697]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1808,1829]" captionTargetBox="[261,1327,183,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-15@2.[261,1327,183,1783]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Tupistra cardinalis Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. (d-EXSICCATES OF VIETNAMESE FLORA 0293/CPC5429a). A. Flowering plants. B. Flattened leaf and inflorescence prior to holotype preparation. C–E. Inflorescences at different stage of anthesis. F. Apical parts of inflorescence with flower buds. G. Flowers in central part of inflorescence. H–J. Flowers, frontal and lateral views. K. Flower bud and floral bracts, lateral view. L. Floral bract and bracteole. M. Removed flowers, frontal views. N. Flowers with removed pistil, frontal and dorsal views. O. Intact individual flower, and flower with removed tepals, lateral views. P. Longitudinal section of apical part of inflorescence showing two flowers. Q. Longitudinal section of flower. R. Stamens and ovary, apical view. S. Stamens, apical and lateral views. T. Pistil, lateral view. U. Pistil, dorsal view. V. Longitudinal section of pistil. W. Stigma, apical view. Holotype and isotypes were prepared from the plants photographed here.All photos taken by L. Averyanov, correction and design by L. Averyanov and T. Maisak." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13721152" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13721152/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Fig. 2G, H</figureCitation>
) reported a plant closely resembling 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A80A5FFDEFFABFAB671EB529FF948" authorityName="Aver., N. Tanaka &amp; Son. A. Plant" authorityYear="2018" box="[1313,1452,1672,1697]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tupistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cardinalis">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFAB671EB529FF948" box="[1313,1452,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">T. cardinalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingRegion id="49DE35C4FFDEFFABFF5171CF5615F92C" box="[198,294,1708,1733]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
under the name of 
<taxonomicName id="4C1A80A5FFDEFFABFE6871CF55BCF92C" box="[511,655,1708,1733]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Tupistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longispica">
<emphasis id="B96E2734FFDEFFABFE6871CF55BCF92C" box="[511,655,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="63">T. longispica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Further studies on the identity of this Chinese plant are required.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>