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<document id="D70A41537CB9413A109E841E7170C21C" ID-CLB-Dataset="63549" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6611160" ID-GBIF-Dataset="113e1a39-7927-463a-9063-26056ff4828d" ID-ISBN="978-84-941892-3-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6611160" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1654190635749" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Thomas E. Lacher, Jr &amp; Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2016" docId="3C3D87A68749B1121E075C57FEA9F3DC" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_6_Heteromyidae_0170.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Heteromys desmarestianus Gray 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="200" masterDocId="C004FFDE874FB1151B595612FF94FFFD" masterDocTitle="Heteromyidae" masterLastPageNumber="233" masterPageNumber="170" pageNumber="199" updateTime="1699338804383" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="6B898605010A6523742F1049D9A4FEF5">Heteromyidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3D772AC7E6A0AB13616A91C0DF7F2711">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="647E06FF05B83E1B53EB01B612456D64">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D68728C6EF101A357FD8078B33D1EF4F">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:publisher id="E541069F3F5D98DCD0B433B60C28DD07">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="4E52B3F5E3E03BD09007B343E0FD3737">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="3CCB69343B8C95A412B498FF97C71B69">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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<treatment id="3C3D87A68749B1121E075C57FEA9F3DC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6611424" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195730848" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6611424" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3C3D87A68749B1121E075C57FEA9F3DC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3C3D87A68749B1121E075C57FEA9F3DC" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8749B1131E075C57FA06F58E" box="[1374,1426,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08749B1131E075C57FA06F58E" blockId="6.[1369,2568,2629,2755]" box="[1374,1426,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<heading id="EF6381DC8749B1131E075C57FA06F58E" box="[1374,1426,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<figureCitation id="2CAF2A358749B1131E075C57FA06F58E" box="[1374,1426,2629,2675]" captionStart="Plate 8: Heteromyidae" captionStartId="2.[94,124,3330,3351]" captionTargetBox="[12,2734,15,3644]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Salvin’s Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys salvini), 2. Panamanian Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys adspersus), 3. Mexican Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys irroratus), 4. Jaliscan Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys spectabilis), 5. Painted Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys pictus), 6. Nelson's Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys nelsoni), 7. Trinidad Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys anomalus), 8. Overlook Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys catopterius), 9. Paraguana Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys oasicus), 10. Southern Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys australis), 11. Ecuadorean Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys teleus), 12. Gaumer’s Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys gaumeri), 13. Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys desmarestianus), 14. Goldman’s Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys goldmani), 15. Cloud-dwelling Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys nubicolens), 16. Mountain Spiny Pocket Mouse (Heteromys oresterus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6611342" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6611342/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">13.</figureCitation>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8749B1131EF85C57F7BFF58E" box="[1441,2091,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08749B1131EF85C57F7BFF58E" blockId="6.[1369,2568,2629,2755]" box="[1441,2091,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<heading id="EF6381DC8749B1131EF85C57F7BFF58E" box="[1441,2091,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<vernacularName id="3A97469E8749B1131EF85C57F7BFF58E" box="[1441,2091,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse</vernacularName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8749B11313615C57F593F58E" box="[2104,2567,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08749B11313615C57F593F58E" blockId="6.[1369,2568,2629,2755]" box="[2104,2567,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<heading id="EF6381DC8749B11313615C57F593F58E" box="[2104,2567,2629,2675]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B11313615C57F593F58E" ID-CoL="7VD2N" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[2104,2567,2629,2675]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28749B11313615C57F593F58E" box="[2104,2567,2629,2675]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">Heteromys desmarestianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8749B1131E035C97FA53F53E" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08749B1131E035C97FA53F53E" blockId="6.[1369,2568,2629,2755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<heading id="EF6381DC8749B1131E035C97FA53F53E" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28749B1131E035C97FA32F567" bold="true" box="[1370,1446,2693,2714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">French:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="3A97469E8749B1131EF65C97F960F567" box="[1455,1780,2693,2714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">Souris-a-ajaboues de Desmarest</vernacularName>
/
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28749B1131C515C97F8F6F567" bold="true" box="[1800,1890,2693,2714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">German:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="3A97469E8749B1131C345C97F724F567" box="[1901,2224,2693,2714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">Desmarest-Stacheltaschenmaus</vernacularName>
/
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B113139F5C97F6F6F567" authority=": Raton" authorityName="Raton" box="[2246,2402,2693,2714]" class="Aves" family="Phasianidae" genus="Spanish" kingdom="Animalia" order="Galliformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28749B113139F5C97F6B5F567" bold="true" box="[2246,2337,2693,2714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">Spanish:</emphasis>
<vernacularName id="3A97469E8749B11312725C97F6F6F567" box="[2347,2402,2693,2714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">Raton</vernacularName>
</taxonomicName>
espinoso de Desmarest
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8749B1131CE75CE5F79CF4CA" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08749B1131CE75CE5F79CF4CA" blockId="6.[1981,2575,2807,3225]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28749B1131CE75CE5F7CDF4ED" bold="true" box="[1982,2137,2807,2832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B11313355CE5F797F4CA" ID-CoL="7VD2N" authority="Gray, 1868" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">Heteromys desmarestianus Gray, 1868</taxonomicName>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8749B113134C5D08F6B8F4A2" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08749B113134C5D08F6B8F4A2" blockId="6.[1981,2575,2807,3225]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
<materialsCitation id="04FC3CED8749B113134C5D08F6B8F4A2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3802894328" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">“Coban [Coban], Departamento de Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.”</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8749B1121CE75D76FB46FD43" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08749B1131CE75D76F598F406" blockId="6.[1981,2575,2807,3225]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">This species is often referred to as a “species complex” because several authors have suggested that it actually represents multiple, morphologically cryptic species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08749B1131C995A14F599F38F" blockId="6.[1981,2575,2807,3225]" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
It is a member of the
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B11313B15A14F632F3DE" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[2280,2470,3078,3107]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">desmarestianus</taxonomicName>
species group, which includes
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B113124F5A20F59CF3B6" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[2326,2568,3122,3147]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">H. desmarestianus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B1131C995A4BF7F6F38F" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1902" box="[1984,2146,3161,3186]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goldmani">H. goldmani</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B113132A5A4BF6B7F38F" authorityName="Anderson" authorityYear="2006" box="[2163,2339,3161,3186]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nubicolens">H. nubicolens</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B113122B5A4BF59DF38F" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1932" box="[2418,2569,3161,3186]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oresterus">H. oresterus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08749B1121C995A6AFB46FD43" blockId="6.[1981,2575,2807,3225]" lastBlockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="200" pageId="6" pageNumber="199">
Based on mtDNA and nDNA gene sequences, as many as five potential species have been proposed within
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B11312465AB2F59DF33C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[2335,2569,3232,3265]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">H. desmarestianus</taxonomicName>
: a disjunct population from cloud forest of the Darién of eastern Panama (crassirostris, 2n and FN unknown); a related and geographically closest form from humid forests in the Pacific lowlands of north-western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica (chiriquensis and repens; 2n = 60, FN = 90), which together with the first form are basal to all other
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B1131E075B76F988F278" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[1374,1564,3428,3461]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">desmarestianus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73944D338749B1131D3C5B76F89CF278" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1902" box="[1637,1800,3428,3461]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="6" pageNumber="199" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goldmani">H. goldmani</taxonomicName>
; a form from humid forests in the Caribbean lowlands of north-eastern Costa Rica (H. d. ssp.?; 2n = 60, FN = 86) thatis basal to remaining
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B9A5728FE15FEA6" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[195,385,314,347]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">desmarestianus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121A885728FDE2FEA6" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1902" box="[465,630,314,347]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goldmani">H. goldmani</taxonomicName>
; a form found in the north-western limit of the species’ geographical distribution in lowto mid-elevation humid forests of Oaxaca and Veracruz (lepturus, 2n = 60, FN = 82 or 86) that is basal to remaining
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121F22579BFAADFE57" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[1147,1337,393,426]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">desmarestianus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B9857A2FEF2FE2C" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1902" box="[193,358,432,465]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goldmani">H. goldmani</taxonomicName>
; and remaining populations of
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B112186857A2FC64FE2C" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[817,1008,432,465]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">desmarestianus</taxonomicName>
, distributed from southern Mexico to central Costa Rica (2n = 60, FN = 67-86) that are a sister-taxon to Goldman's Spiny Pocket Mouse. Allozyme and morphometric patterns generally support these relationships.
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121AD25435FD1AFDB5" authorityName="Merriam" authorityYear="1902" box="[395,654,551,584]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goldmani">Heteromys goldmani</taxonomicName>
was initially described as a species, then subsumed under H. d.
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121A2B5445FDA5FD8D" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" box="[370,561,599,624]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desmarestianus">desmarestianus</taxonomicName>
on the basis of external, cranial, and bacular morphology, and then again recognized as a distinct species based on karyotype,fixed allozymic differences, and molecular sequence distance. Eleven subspecies recognized.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8748B1121B9954D1FC70FAF0" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="distribution">
<caption id="E0EB66388748B1121B9954D1FC70FAF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6611192" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6611192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6611192/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" targetBox="[1368,1959,2809,3223]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121B9954D1FDC4FD19" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[192,592,707,740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28748B1121B9954D1FDC4FD19" bold="true" box="[192,592,707,740]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121B9854E2FB6CFCC9" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B9854E2FB6CFCC9" authority="Gray, 1868" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1868" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="desmarestianus">H.d.desmarestianusGray,1868—SMexico(SofVeracruzandTabasco),Guatemala,Belize,andElSalvador(humidforestedmountainslopesandcoastalplains).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121B985551FA89FCA1" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[193,1309,835,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B985551FA89FCA1" authority="Enders, 1938" authorityName="Enders" authorityYear="1938" box="[193,1309,835,860]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="chiriquensis">H.d.chiriquensisEnders,1938—SECostaRicaandWCPanama(1150-1600m).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121B995574FC48FC54" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B995574FC48FC54" authority="Goldman, 1912" authorityName="Goldman" authorityYear="1912" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="crassirostris">H.d.crassirostrisGoldman,1912—extremeEPanamaandNWColombia(humidforestedmountainslopesandcoastalplains,1350-1600m).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121B9955A2FB08FC2C" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[192,1180,944,977]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B9955A2FB08FC2C" authority=". A. Allen, 1908" authorityName=". A. Allen" authorityYear="1908" box="[192,1180,944,977]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="fuscatusj">H.d.fuscatusJ.A.Allen,1908—S,W&amp;SEHondurasandCNicaragua.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121B9955C9FB86FC05" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[192,1042,987,1016]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B9955C9FB86FC05" authority="Goldman, 1912" authorityName="Goldman" authorityYear="1912" box="[192,1042,987,1016]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="panamensis">H.d.panamensisGoldman,1912—NCPanama(610-910m).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121B9955EDFC79FBDD" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[192,1005,1023,1056]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B9955EDFC79FBDD" authority="Goldman, 1937" authorityName="Goldman" authorityYear="1937" box="[192,1005,1023,1056]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="planifrons">H.d.planifronsGoldman,1937—WCostaRica(lowlands).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121B995234FD43FBBA" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[192,727,1062,1095]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B995234FD43FBBA" authority="Bangs, 1902" authorityName="Bangs" authorityYear="1902" box="[192,727,1062,1095]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="repens">H.d.repensBangs,1902—SWPanama.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121B995240FC6CFB92" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[192,1016,1106,1135]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121B995240FC6CFB92" authority="Goldman, 1937" authorityName="Goldman" authorityYear="1937" box="[192,1016,1106,1135]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="subaffinis">H.d.subaffinisGoldman,1937—NECostaRica(lowlands).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE65264FD80FB40" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121BE65264FD80FB40" authority="Goldman, 1911" authorityName="Goldman" authorityYear="1911" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="temporalis">H.d.temporalisGoldman,1911—SMexicoinCVeracruz(forestedEbasalslopesofmountains,210-460m).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE652DAFBA3FB18" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[191,1079,1224,1253]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121BE652DAFBA3FB18" authority="Goodwin, 1943" authorityName="Goodwin" authorityYear="1943" box="[191,1079,1224,1253]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="underwoodi">H.d.underwoodiGoodwin,1943—CCostaRica(1350-1700m).</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE652E6FC70FAF0" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[191,996,1268,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121BE652E6FDD7FAF0" authority="Goldman, 1912" authorityName="Goldman" authorityYear="1912" box="[191,579,1268,1293]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="desmarestianus" subSpecies="zonalis">H. d. zonalis Goldman, 1912</taxonomicName>
—= NW, C, and into E Panama.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8748B1121BE75305FE34F993" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="description">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE75305FE34F993" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28748B1121BE75305FE28FAC9" bold="true" box="[190,444,1303,1332]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
Head-body mean 133 mm (males) and 130 mm (females), tail mean 148 mm (males) and 142 mm (females), ear mean 16 mm, hindfoot mean 34 mm; weight 61-83 g. Male Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mice somewhat larger than females. It is a scansorial rodent, medium-sized for the genus, with coarse adult pelage having abundant stiff, flattened spine-like hairs on dorsal and lateral surfaces of body. Upperparts are gray to slate black with a sprinkling of ocherous hairs. Buffy lateral line is occasionally present, never pronounced, and belly is white. Ears lack white edging. Posterior parts of soles of hindfeet are naked. Chromosomal complement has 2n = 60 and FN = 67-90.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8748B1121BE45064FCC1F857" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE45064FCC1F857" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28748B1121BE45064FEB8F96A" bold="true" box="[189,300,1654,1687]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Habitat.</emphasis>
Lowto mid-elevation humid forests from Veracruz and Oaxaca in southern Mexico to cloud forests in eastern Panama, from sea level to elevations of ¢.2400 m. Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse favors habitats with abundant palms. Burrow entrances are usually vertical (compared to a 45° angle in deermice, Peromyscus), and nests have been found aboveground in hollow logs. Where Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse co-occurs with Gaumer’s Spiny Pocket Mouse (
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B112180C5129FC7DF8A1" box="[853,1001,1851,1884]" class="Mammalia" family="Heteromyidae" genus="Heteromys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gaumeri">H. gaumeri</taxonomicName>
) on the Yucatan Peninsula, that species inhabits lowland dry forest and thorn forest whereas Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse inhabits humid, forested habitat.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8748B1121BE551A3FDB4F6F1" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="food_feeding">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE551A3FDB4F6F1" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28748B1121BE551A3FE50F82F" bold="true" box="[188,452,1969,2002]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
Diet of Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse consists mainly of seeds, butfruit, green vegetation, and insects are also eaten. Food is collected in external, furlined cheek pouches, stored in surface caches, or returned to the burrow for storage in chambers. Like other tropical heteromyids, Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse is unable to cope with water deprivation. Seeds eaten include palm nuts (
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121F695E5DFB0FF78D" box="[1072,1179,2127,2160]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Socratea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Socratea</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121FF35E5DFA9DF78D" box="[1194,1289,2127,2160]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Euterpe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Euterpe</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121E455E5DFAFDF78D" box="[1308,1385,2127,2160]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Welfia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Welfia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121BE75E68FEA7F76A" box="[190,307,2170,2199]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Geonoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Geonoma</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121AD35E68FE7DF76A" box="[394,489,2170,2199]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Iriartea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Iriartea</taxonomicName>
, all
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B11219735E68FD2FF76A" box="[554,699,2170,2199]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
) those of meliosma (
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B11218A15E68FBE1F76A" box="[1016,1141,2170,2199]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sabiaceae" genus="Meliosma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Meliosma</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121FD05E68FA8CF76A" box="[1161,1304,2170,2199]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sabiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sabiaceae</taxonomicName>
), wild nutmeg (
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121A1A5E8CFE19F742" box="[323,397,2206,2239]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Virola" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Virola</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121AC55E8CFDCAF742" box="[412,606,2206,2239]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myristicaceae</taxonomicName>
); and poisonous seeds of the guanacaste or elephant-ear tree (
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121A515EDFFE25F71B" authorityName="C.F.P.Martius" authorityYear="1837" box="[264,433,2253,2278]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Enterolobium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Enterolobium</taxonomicName>
cyclocarpum,
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B112193C5EDFFD78F71B" authorityName="Lindley &amp; John" authorityYear="1830" box="[613,748,2253,2278]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
), oil tree (
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B11218265EDFFB8AF71B" authorityName="Bentham" authorityYear="1840" box="[895,1054,2253,2278]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pentaclethra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pentaclethra</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121F765EDFFB22F71B" authorityName="Lindley &amp; John" authorityYear="1830" box="[1071,1206,2253,2278]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121E495EDFFF73F6F1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Nectandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Nectandra</taxonomicName>
ambigens (
<taxonomicName id="73944D338748B1121A205EFDFD86F6F1" box="[377,530,2287,2316]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8748B1121BE25F06FD6BF604" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="breeding">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE25F06FD6BF604" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28748B1121BE25F06FED5F6C8" bold="true" box="[187,321,2324,2357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Breeding.</emphasis>
Breeding season of Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse appears to be shorter (7-8 months) in seasonal than in non-seasonal wet forests (essentially year-round). Juveniles mature sexually in the reproductive season following their birth, at an age of c.8 months. Annual survival is 0-2—0-31, and adultlife span is 24-27 months. Females produce up to five litters with an average of 3-1 young/litter; interval between successive pregnanciesis aslittle as two months.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8748B1121BE05C12FDB9F5BA" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="activity">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE05C12FDB9F5BA" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28748B1121BE05C12FE37F5DC" bold="true" box="[185,419,2560,2593]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse is nocturnal and terrestrial, butit is reportedly a good climber.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8748B1121BE35C5DFCD8F47E" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE35C5DFCD8F47E" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28748B1121BE35C5DFC1DF58D" bold="true" box="[186,905,2639,2672]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse appears to have evolved toward a “loose” type of social organization, with extensive overlap of home ranges, tolerance of conspecifics, and dominance hierarchies less influenced by body size. Conspecific intolerance increases as environments become more seasonal. Home ranges are 0-08-0-2 ha, with overlap within and between sexes and age classes. Densities of Desmarest’s Spiny Pocket Mouse vary significantly between sites, across seasons, and annually (e.g. 2-50 ind/ha and 3-25 ind/ha at two sites), generally peaking during the dry season.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8748B1121BE05D98FB46F456" box="[185,1234,2954,2987]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE05D98FB46F456" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" box="[185,1234,2954,2987]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28748B1121BE05D98FD82F456" bold="true" box="[185,534,2954,2987]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FC8E653B8748B1121BE35DA9FEA9F3DC" pageId="7" pageNumber="200" type="bibRefCitation_list">
<paragraph id="B42B36B08748B1121BE35DA9FEA9F3DC" blockId="7.[180,1398,283,3108]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">
<emphasis id="86E0EAA28748B1121BE35DA9FEC6F429" bold="true" box="[186,338,3003,3028]" pageId="7" pageNumber="200">Bibliography.</emphasis>
Anderson et al. (2006), Ceballos &amp; Oliva (2005), Eisenberg (1963), Rogers (1990), Rogers &amp; Gonzalez (2010), Rogers &amp; Schmidly (1982), Sanchez-Cordero &amp; Fleming (1993), Timm et al. (2008), Williams et al. (1993).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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