118 lines
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118 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="91C225BC3DDABE2EE8F439BA8EE439A3" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.372.2.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13728780" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1725682218122" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Mifsud, Stephen" docDate="2018" docId="03B587AFB441FFABFF37FCCA4482F9D1" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.372.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 372 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.372.2.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Euphorbia prostrata Aiton 1789" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="159" masterDocId="FF8CFFD7B447FFADFFBFFFA4466FFFC0" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the flora of the Maltese Islands: Euphorbia subg. Chamaesyce and Euphorbia exigua s. l. (Euphorbiaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="166" masterPageNumber="153" pageNumber="159" updateTime="1725694203307" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="8E9AF255885C13BCEF5FAEB7D3C7B0F7">Contribution to the flora of the Maltese Islands: Euphorbia subg. Chamaesyce and Euphorbia exigua s. l. (Euphorbiaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D99790D22F0786F9A8AC6ABC11555B4C">Mifsud, Stephen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="89C2CAEA24AD60D2882D0A9F8110B632">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="029D425635B4DCA83190AAE055E0D369">
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<mods:date id="EA56D49F110C1BB7CB34FFDEAB8ED93F">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="790A45BF55D454618228D15462FF5A49">2018-10-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8EF5C849292A4AA045B62513790234E0">372</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="0AC447433EF884F3C1EE8192A916C2E1" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.372.2.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7588190161FEEA56543D22B3BDDA2B61" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03B587AFB441FFABFF37FCCA4482F9D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13728989" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13728989" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B587AFB441FFABFF37FCCA4482F9D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587AFB441FFABFF37FCCA4482F9D1" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
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<subSubSection id="C3066532B441FFABFF37FCCA4296FC35" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF37FCCA44C2FC49" blockId="6.[136,685,878,905]" box="[136,685,878,905]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
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<heading id="D0EB81D5B441FFABFF37FCCA44C2FC49" box="[136,685,878,905]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3AB441FFABFF37FCCA442AFC49" ID-CoL="3CQCF" authority="Aiton (1789: 139)" authorityName="Aiton" authorityPageNumber="139" authorityYear="1789" box="[136,581,878,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="prostrata">
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<emphasis id="B968EAABB441FFABFF37FCCA471BFC49" bold="true" box="[136,372,878,905]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">Euphorbia prostrata</emphasis>
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Aiton (1789: 139)
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<figureCitation id="13272A3CB441FFABFDECFCD444C9FC49" box="[595,678,880,905]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[136,229,2029,2050]" captionTargetBox="[322,1271,193,1997]" captionTargetId="figure-19@4.[310,1278,187,2001]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Photos of stipules (left), fruit capsules (centre) and seeds (right) of:A: Euphorbia serpens (EUP03); B: Euphorbia chamaesyce (EUP05); C: Euphorbia maculata (EUP15), D: Euphorbia prostrata (EUP 11); E. Euphorbia hypericifolia (EUP 20). Scale bar = 2mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13728782" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13728782/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">Fig.1D</figureCitation>
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]
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF37FC1C4296FC35" blockId="6.[136,1452,952,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
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Origin: North America but nowadays widespread as a pantropical and subtropical weed after being introduced in many parts of the Old World (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B48B441FFABFE2EFC784418FC35" author="Smith, A. R. & Tutin, T. G." box="[401,631,988,1013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" refId="ref11068" refString="Smith, A. R. & Tutin, T. G. (1968) Euphorbia. In: Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (Eds.) Flora Europaea. Vol. 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 213 - 226." type="book" year="1968">Smith & Tutin 1968</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B48B441FFABFD3DFC784514FC35" author="Steinmann, V. W. & Morawetz, J. J. & Berry, P. E. & Peirson, J. A. & Yang, Y." box="[642,891,988,1013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" refId="ref11231" refString="Steinmann, V. W., Morawetz, J. J., Berry, P. E., Peirson, J. A. & Yang, Y. (2016) Euphorbia Linnaeus sect. Anisophyllum Roeper. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Eds.) Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. 12. New York and Oxford. Available from: http: // www. efloras. org / florataxon. aspx? flora _ id = 1 & taxon _ id = 318097 (accessed 15 December 2017)" type="url" year="2016">
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Steinmann
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<emphasis id="B968EAABB441FFABFCBEFC78455DFC35" box="[769,818,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">et al</emphasis>
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. 2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B48B441FFABFC39FC78422CFC35" author="Hyde, M. A. & Wursten, B. T. & Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M." box="[902,1091,988,1013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" refId="ref9861" refString="Hyde, M. A., Wursten, B. T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2017) Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Euphorbia serpens. Available from: https: // www. zimbabweflora. co. zw / speciesdata / species. php? species _ id = 136360 (accessed 12 December 2017)" type="url" year="2017">
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Hyde
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<emphasis id="B968EAABB441FFABFC76FC784594FC35" box="[969,1019,988,1013]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">et al</emphasis>
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. 2017
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B48B441FFABFBF1FC78429EFC35" author="Tropicos" box="[1102,1265,988,1013]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" refId="ref11573" refString="Tropicos (2017) Tropicos. org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Available from: http: // www. tropicos. org (accessed 12 December 2017)" type="url" year="2017">Tropicos 2017</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3066532B441FFABFF02FBA44482F9D1" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF02FBA4442FFBA1" blockId="6.[136,1452,952,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
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Occurrences in Europe and the Mediterranean area: Throughout most of south Europe (from the Azores and the Canary islands to Crete and
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<collectingCountry id="F30B7629B441FFABFE6EFB80447EFBFD" box="[465,529,1060,1085]" name="Israel" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">Israel</collectingCountry>
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) but apparently missing in north Africa and north Europe (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B48B441FFABFB04FB8043C7FBFD" author="Smith, A. R. & Tutin, T. G." box="[1211,1448,1060,1085]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" refId="ref11068" refString="Smith, A. R. & Tutin, T. G. (1968) Euphorbia. In: Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A. (Eds.) Flora Europaea. Vol. 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp. 213 - 226." type="book" year="1968">Smith & Tutin 1968</bibRefCitation>
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, Euro+Med 2006–2017,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B48B441FFABFE2AFBEC445BFBA1" author="DAISIE & Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories" box="[405,564,1096,1121]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" refId="ref9473" refString="DAISIE - Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe (2008) European Invasive Alien Species Gateway. Available from http: // www. europe-aliens. org / (accessed 20 December 2017)" type="url" year="2008">DAISIE 2008</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF02FBC842E2FB45" blockId="6.[136,1452,952,1553]" box="[189,1165,1132,1157]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
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Introduction in
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<collectingCountry id="F30B7629B441FFABFED3FBC847DDFB45" box="[364,434,1132,1157]" name="Malta" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">Malta</collectingCountry>
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: Likely through import of potted plants for horticulture purposes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF02FB3444B7FB0D" blockId="6.[136,1452,952,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
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Habitat: Roadsides, curbs and paved ground, naturalising locally in urban areas, scarce, but possibly misidentified with other closely related species such as
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<emphasis id="B968EAABB441FFABFDE4FB1044B7FB0D" box="[603,728,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3AB441FFABFDE4FB1044BCFB0D" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1817" box="[603,723,1204,1229]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serpens">E. serpens</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF02FB7C4572FAD5" blockId="6.[136,1452,952,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">Invasiveness: Casual occurrence and naturalised locally in few areas but likely increasing where it is found. Invasive potential low, not observed in natural ecosystems.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF02FA844729FA41" blockId="6.[136,1452,952,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
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First record: Not previously recorded, with the exception of
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B48B441FFABFCE6FA844212FAF9" author="Weber, H. C. & Kendzior, B." box="[857,1149,1312,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" refId="ref11602" refString="Weber, H. C. & Kendzior, B. (2006) Flora of the Maltese Islands. A field Guide. Margraf Publishers, Weikersheim, 384 pp." type="book" year="2006">Weber & Kendzior (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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who reported it by mistake (illustration in fact shows a glabrous plant of
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D3AB441FFABFD30FAE0456AFA9D" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1817" box="[655,773,1348,1373]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serpens">
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<emphasis id="B968EAABB441FFABFD30FAE0456AFA9D" box="[655,773,1348,1373]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">E. serpens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). Observed by the present author at Baħar iċ- Ċaghaq on
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<date id="FFA21079B441FFABFA30FAE0472CFA41" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" value="2014-09-18">18 September 2014</date>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF02FA284792FA65" blockId="6.[136,1452,952,1553]" box="[189,509,1420,1445]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">Flowering: June–November.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF02FA1443F2FA2D" blockId="6.[136,1452,952,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">Morphological observations: Density of pilosity varies, but always present as a longitudinal band at the corners of the fruit leaving a glabrous area in between. The seeds with 6–7 transversal ridges is very distinctive for the species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA336B9B441FFABFF37FA5C4482F9D1" blockId="6.[136,1452,952,1553]" box="[136,749,1528,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159">
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Chromosome number: 2n = 18 (
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B48B441FFABFE50FA5C448FF9D1" author="Benedi, C. & Orell, J. J." box="[495,736,1528,1553]" pageId="6" pageNumber="159" pagination="9 - 55" refId="ref9100" refString="Benedi, C. & Orell, J. J. (1992) Taxonomy of the genus Chamaesyce S. F. Gray (Euphorbiaceae) in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. Collectanea Botanica (Barcelona) 21: 9 - 55. https: // doi. org / 10.3989 / collectbot. 1992. v 21.92" type="journal article" year="1992">Benedì & Orell 1992</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |