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<document id="04BD9857590D02A2B42E09F6F3854E54" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-ZooBank="7A6A530-3EBA-4AF2-94E2-E9B8A1D07459" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1738713251128" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Roggero, Angela, Dierkens, Michael, Barbero, Enrico &amp; Palestrini, Claudia" docDate="2017" docId="03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13" docLanguage="en" docName="zoj.12498.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 180" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Hamonthophagus acutus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="313" masterDocId="FFE51313FFE1FFC7FFA1FFD5FF82FFF0" masterDocTitle="Combined phylogenetic analysis of two new Afrotropical genera of Onthophagini (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="320" masterPageNumber="298" pageNumber="313" updateTime="1738713669289" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="5CE01E2D9506A18E0125EFBA0D1FFE66" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="438FECC2282AE9476CE0CC961629642D">
<mods:title id="EDBA146A0262C901E2974EEFBB4AE892">Combined phylogenetic analysis of two new Afrotropical genera of Onthophagini (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="52854CED1A29FC67DDF66C9D62420190">Roggero, Angela</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="154A8F80163E914D5DCDCC5BF90DA499" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D6F311236EF44200A0F6899A6BD0CF54">Dierkens, Michael</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="48C4A63A439AA996F8460DFA7C211E55" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C0432976B2E0E51CC9296822EC2D11E5">
<mods:roleTerm id="2F899BEB9F5C1DFA554DD8CAA989DD00">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F713A9915002B4FE166A20EF309E6FE3">Barbero, Enrico</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="01450F5F36E05F891BDA92F6C9E83AAC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F8050EC19E633E050AC10339319068F6">
<mods:roleTerm id="813B0A088D0D953D52588BB6BEFA2529">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="627077B474EFD0250D190CE17B1FF224">Palestrini, Claudia</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="86EB74C6F146B42096DBD3E3D5C5727D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F3798A219C2E83BCFBC3FB3553A298F0">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="B91FD24EC83B29809FA3504DFE49440A">
<mods:date id="0001CFF6AFAF8142B9CFF1A9F9CFC8F3">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="64A5170880DA054C3B7C921B56CCBEA9" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A3ECE9A7EE802C7F92312A6FE1700F28">180</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FE401F73A771EB91973BF018E0E40CC2">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C028B4B2401F591C9AC25AAD6A90B31E" type="ISSN">0024-4082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BCA1A81930FAD2DED380D9CE0A9BC113" type="ZooBank">7A6A530-3EBA-4AF2-94E2-E9B8A1D07459</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14807216" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14807216" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13" lastPageNumber="313" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<subSubSection id="C36F89F6FFEEFFC8FF37FF02FD7BFF1C" box="[150,761,210,237]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCADA7DFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FD7BFF1C" blockId="15.[150,761,210,267]" box="[150,761,210,237]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<heading id="D0826D11FFEEFFC8FF37FF02FD7BFF1C" box="[150,761,210,237]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C75A1FEFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FD7BFF1C" ID-CoL="3JJ8S" authority="(D' ORBIGNY, 1908: 171)" baseAuthorityName="D' ORBIGNY" baseAuthorityPageNumber="171" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[150,761,210,237]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Hamonthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutus">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FE50FF1A" box="[150,466,215,236]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<smallCapsWord id="8D2C4CA1FFEEFFC8FF37FF02FEF0FF1A" baselines="231,230" box="[150,370,215,236]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Hamonthophagus" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">HAMONTHOPHAGUS</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D2C4CA1FFEEFFC8FEDAFF0FFE50FF1A" baselines="230" box="[379,466,218,234]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="acutus" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">ACUTUS</smallCapsWord>
</emphasis>
(
<smallCapsWord id="8D2C4CA1FFEEFFC8FE47FF0FFE79FF1C" baselines="230" box="[486,507,210,236]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="d" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">D’</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D2C4CA1FFEEFFC8FE5AFF01FDE3FF1B" baselines="230,231" box="[507,609,212,236]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Orbigny" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">ORBIGNY</smallCapsWord>
, 1908: 171)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36F89F6FFEEFFC8FEFFFF25FB50FD13" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCADA7DFFEEFFC8FEFFFF25FDB3FEFA" blockId="15.[150,761,210,267]" box="[350,561,240,267]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
(
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FEC6FF27FE3AFEFA" box="[359,440,240,266]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[162,241,1141,1160]" captionTargetBox="[391,1215,203,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-431@4.[391,1215,203,1113]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Epipharynx of the species of the genera Hamonthophagus (AC = acutus, BI = bitubeculatus, DE = depressus, FA = fallax, LA = laceratus) and Morettius (PA = pallens, UT = utete). Scale bar = 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<smallCapsWord id="8D2C4CA1FFEEFFC8FEC6FF27FE1EFEF9" baselines="260,261" box="[359,412,242,266]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Figs" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">FIGS</smallCapsWord>
2
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FE66FF24FE5BFEFB" box="[455,473,241,267]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="8.[162,241,917,936]" captionTargetBox="[391,1215,201,883]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[388,1212,198,884]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 7. Aedeagus of the species of the genera Hamonthophagus (AC, BI, DE, FA and LA) and Morettius (PA); see text for the codes. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FE49FF25FE7BFEFA" box="[488,505,240,266]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="8.[162,241,1850,1869]" captionTargetBox="[391,1215,1064,1819]" captionTargetId="figure-59@8.[388,1212,1062,1817]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 8. Primary lamella of the species of the genera Hamonthophagus (AC, BI, DE, FA and LA) and Morettius (PA). Scale bar = 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FDA8FF25FDAAFEFA" box="[521,552,240,266]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="9.[148,227,1743,1762]" captionTargetBox="[373,1197,1135,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-119@9.[373,1197,1135,1709]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 10. Vagina and receptaculum seminis of the species of the genus Hamonthophagus (AC, BI, DE, FA and LA). Scale bar = 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">10</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCADA7DFFEEFFC8FF35FE94FE47FDBB" blockId="15.[148,764,321,587]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FF35FE94FED5FEA6" box="[148,343,321,342]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Type material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1DD020FFEEFFC8FEC7FE94FD75FE85" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Namibia" location="Okahandja" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FEC7FE94FE58FEA6" box="[358,474,321,342]" name="Namibia" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">NAMIBIA</collectingCountry>
[Sud-Ouest africain allemand]:
<location id="8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE8BFE8AFE2AFE85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13:8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE8BFE8AFE2AFE85" box="[298,424,351,373]" country="Namibia" name="Okahandja" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Okahandja</location>
[
<collectionCode id="ED6442B8FFEEFFC8FE6AFEB5FDA4FE85" box="[459,550,352,373]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">MNHN</collectionCode>
].
<typeStatus id="54CE64DFFFEEFFC8FDEDFE8AFD75FE85" box="[588,759,351,373]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B1DD020FFEEFFC8FF35FEABFDB8FE63" box="[148,570,382,404]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="Botswana" location="lake Ngami" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FF35FEABFEAEFE63" box="[148,300,382,403]" name="Botswana" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">BOTSWANA</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE9DFEABFE47FE64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13:8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE9DFEABFE47FE64" box="[316,453,382,404]" country="Botswana" name="lake Ngami" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">lake Ngami</location>
[
<collectionCode id="ED6442B8FFEEFFC8FE78FEABFDB6FE63" box="[473,564,382,403]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">MNHN</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B1DD020FFEEFFC8FDEAFEABFECDFE21" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="de Mpala" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Tanganyika" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FDEAFEABFE41FE42" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO</collectingCountry>
: [
<location id="8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE7CFE48FDE9FE43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13:8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE7CFE48FDE9FE43" box="[477,619,413,435]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Tanganyika" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Tanganyika</location>
,] region
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FD40FE48FF5EFE21" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">de Mpala</collectorName>
[
<collectionCode id="ED6442B8FFEEFFC8FF4FFE69FECBFE21" box="[238,329,444,465]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">MNHN</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B1DD020FFEEFFC8FEFFFE6EFEBBFE00" country="Malawi" location="Malawi Lake" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FEFFFE6EFE4DFE20" box="[350,463,443,464]" name="Malawi" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">MALAWI</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE7CFE6EFDF4FE21" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13:8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE7CFE6EFDF4FE21" box="[477,630,443,465]" country="Malawi" name="Malawi Lake" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Malawi Lake</location>
[= Nyassa] [not located]
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B1DD020FFEEFFC8FEF8FE0FFD75FE00" box="[345,759,474,496]" country="Namibia" location="Salem" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FEF8FE0FFE53FE1F" box="[345,465,474,495]" name="Namibia" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">NAMIBIA</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE51FE0FFDB5FE00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13:8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE51FE0FFDB5FE00" box="[496,567,474,496]" country="Namibia" name="Salem" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Salem</location>
[not located]
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B1DD020FFEEFFC8FF35FE2DFE43FDBB" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="For" country="South Africa" location="Cafrerie" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Eastern Cape" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FF35FE2DFEDFFDFD" box="[148,349,504,525]" name="South Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49B1149FFFEEFFC8FEC9FE2CFDECFDFE" box="[360,622,504,526]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Eastern Cape province</collectingRegion>
[=
<location id="8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FD34FE2DFD77FDFE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13:8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FD34FE2DFD77FDFE" box="[661,757,504,526]" country="South Africa" name="Cafrerie" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">Cafrerie</location>
] [
<collectionCode id="ED6442B8FFEEFFC8FF3AFDC2FF74FDDC" box="[155,246,535,556]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">MNHN</collectionCode>
].
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FEA9FDC2FEB2FDDC" box="[264,304,535,556]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">For</collectorName>
the morphological account, please refer to the original description
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCADA7DFFEEFFC8FF35FDA7FED5FB5E" blockId="15.[148,763,626,1198]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FF35FDA7FDD6FD78" box="[148,596,626,648]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
Geographical distribution (
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FE54FDA6FDC4FD78" box="[501,582,627,648]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="12.[162,241,1389,1408]" captionTargetBox="[391,1208,203,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-188@12.[388,1212,198,1356]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 14. Distribution of the species (see Appendix 3, Supporting Information for a list of localities) with the Olson et al. (2001) terrestrial biomes classification." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B1DD020FFEEFFC8FDC2FDA7FED1FB5E" collectionCode="MNHN, BMNH" collectorName="Nyassa &amp; The &amp; Collection Oberthur &amp; du British Museum' &amp; M. Barclay &amp; Neither &amp; As &amp; Also" country="Namibia" county="Tanganika area" location="The" municipality="Besides" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FDC2FDA7FD0DFD78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13:8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FDC2FDA7FD0DFD78" box="[611,655,626,648]" country="Namibia" county="Tanganika area" municipality="Besides" name="The" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">The</location>
species distribution comprises
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FE49FD44FDCFFD57" box="[488,589,657,679]" name="Namibia" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Namibia</collectingCountry>
, south-west
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FF35FD65FE86FD35" box="[148,260,688,709]" name="Botswana" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Botswana</collectingCountry>
and north-west
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FDA9FD7AFD32FD35" box="[520,688,687,709]" name="South Africa" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">South Africa</collectingCountry>
(see
<location id="8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FF35FD1BFE82FD14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13:8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FF35FD1BFE82FD14" box="[148,256,718,740]" country="Namibia" county="Tanganika area" municipality="Besides" name="Appendix" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Appendix</location>
3,
<location id="8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE93FD1BFDC5FD14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DC6B6BFFEEFFC8FF37FF02FB50FD13:8EAA8CA6FFEEFFC8FE93FD1BFDC5FD14" box="[306,583,718,740]" country="Namibia" county="Tanganika area" municipality="Besides" name="Supporting Information" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Supporting Information</location>
for a detailed list of the localities).
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAE4007FFEEFFC8FE0BFD38FD81FCF3" box="[426,515,749,771]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Besides</collectingMunicipality>
, in the
<typeStatus id="54CE64DFFFEEFFC8FDD6FD38FD2AFCF2" box="[631,680,749,770]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">type</typeStatus>
series
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A78CFFEEFFC8FF35FCDEFEDFFCD0" author="d'Orbigny H" box="[148,349,779,801]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" pagination="65 - 208" refId="ref13608" refString="d'Orbigny H. 1908. Descriptions d'especes nouvelles d'Onthophagides africains et notes synonimiques. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 77: 65-208." type="journal article" year="1908">d’Orbigny (1908)</bibRefCitation>
also included material from the
<collectingCounty id="62ABA2F1FFEEFFC8FF35FCFFFECEFCCF" box="[148,332,810,832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Tanganika area</collectingCounty>
(Democratic Republic of Congo) and
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FF35FC9CFF65FCAE" box="[148,231,841,862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Nyassa</collectorName>
(i.e.
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FE98FC9DFE10FCAE" box="[313,402,840,862]" name="Malawi" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Malawi</collectingCountry>
).
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FE10FC9DFE5FFCAE" box="[433,477,840,862]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">The</collectorName>
former specimen was reported in the
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FEEAFCB2FDB0FC8D" box="[331,562,871,893]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Collection Oberthur</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="ED6442B8FFEEFFC8FD9EFCB2FD14FC8C" box="[575,662,871,892]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">MNHN</collectionCode>
, and the latter was reported in ‘coll.
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FE74FC50FD3EFC6B" box="[469,700,901,923]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">du British Museum’</collectorName>
(now
<collectionCode id="ED6442B8FFEEFFC8FF35FC71FF64FC49" box="[148,230,932,953]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">BMNH</collectionCode>
) where, however, it has not been traced (
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FF3DFC16FE9FFC28" box="[156,285,962,984]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">M. Barclay</collectorName>
, pers. comm.).
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FE6AFC17FDA1FC28" box="[459,547,962,984]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Neither</collectorName>
specimen could be examined by us.
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FECAFC34FE0AFC06" box="[363,392,993,1014]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">As</collectorName>
no other collection data from these areas were found within the studied material, these records were here regarded as uncertain until further confirmation.
<collectorName id="2680BFABFFEEFFC8FD39FBE8FD4EFBA3" box="[664,716,1085,1107]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Also</collectorName>
, a specimen from the
<collectionCode id="ED6442B8FFEEFFC8FE36FB89FE69FB81" box="[407,491,1116,1137]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">MNHN</collectionCode>
labelled as ‘
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FD01FB8EFD78FB81" box="[672,762,1115,1137]" name="Senegal" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Senegal</collectingCountry>
provenance tres douteuse’ was not included in the present analysis
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCADA7DFFEEFFC8FF52FB30FDC4FAE9" blockId="15.[243,668,1253,1337]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<taxonomicName id="4C75A1FEFFEEFFC8FF52FB30FDC4FAE9" authority="(OLIVIER, 1789: 131)" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityPageNumber="131" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Hamonthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bituberculatus">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FF52FB30FD1EFB09" box="[243,668,1253,1274]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<smallCapsWord id="8D2C4CA1FFEEFFC8FF52FB30FE4DFB09" baselines="1269,1269" box="[243,463,1253,1274]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="9" normCase="title" normString="Hamonthophagus" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">HAMONTHOPHAGUS</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D2C4CA1FFEEFFC8FE78FB3CFD1EFB09" baselines="1269" box="[473,668,1257,1273]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="bituberculatus" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">BITUBERCULATUS</smallCapsWord>
</emphasis>
(
<smallCapsWord id="8D2C4CA1FFEEFFC8FEF3FAD4FE2CFAE7" baselines="1299,1299" box="[338,430,1281,1305]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Olivier" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">OLIVIER</smallCapsWord>
, 1789: 131)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCADA7DFFEEFFC8FEFFFACBFDB3FAC8" blockId="15.[243,668,1253,1337]" box="[350,561,1310,1337]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
(
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FEC6FAF5FE3AFAC8" box="[359,440,1310,1336]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[162,241,1141,1160]" captionTargetBox="[391,1215,203,1113]" captionTargetId="figure-431@4.[391,1215,203,1113]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Epipharynx of the species of the genera Hamonthophagus (AC = acutus, BI = bitubeculatus, DE = depressus, FA = fallax, LA = laceratus) and Morettius (PA = pallens, UT = utete). Scale bar = 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<smallCapsWord id="8D2C4CA1FFEEFFC8FEC6FAF5FE1EFAC6" baselines="1330,1330" box="[359,412,1312,1336]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Figs" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">FIGS</smallCapsWord>
2
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FE66FACAFE5BFAC9" box="[455,473,1311,1337]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="8.[162,241,917,936]" captionTargetBox="[391,1215,201,883]" captionTargetId="figure-27@8.[388,1212,198,884]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 7. Aedeagus of the species of the genera Hamonthophagus (AC, BI, DE, FA and LA) and Morettius (PA); see text for the codes. Scale bar = 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FE49FACBFE7BFAC8" box="[488,505,1310,1336]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="8.[162,241,1850,1869]" captionTargetBox="[391,1215,1064,1819]" captionTargetId="figure-59@8.[388,1212,1062,1817]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 8. Primary lamella of the species of the genera Hamonthophagus (AC, BI, DE, FA and LA) and Morettius (PA). Scale bar = 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FDA8FACBFDAAFAC8" box="[521,552,1310,1336]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="9.[148,227,1743,1762]" captionTargetBox="[373,1197,1135,1709]" captionTargetId="figure-119@9.[373,1197,1135,1709]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 10. Vagina and receptaculum seminis of the species of the genus Hamonthophagus (AC, BI, DE, FA and LA). Scale bar = 0.5 mm." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">10</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCADA7DFFEEFFC8FF35FABBFE58FA52" blockId="15.[148,763,1390,1443]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FF35FABBFE93FA73" box="[148,273,1390,1411]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Synonymy:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C75A1FEFFEEFFC8FEBEFABBFE80FA52" authority="(Olivier, 1789: 171)" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityPageNumber="171" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discoideus">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FEBEFABBFDE4FA73" box="[287,614,1390,1411]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Onthophagus discoideus</emphasis>
(Olivier, 1789:171)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FEAAFA58FEBFFA52" box="[267,317,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">teste</emphasis>
Harold 1880.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCADA7DFFEEFFC8FF35FA1EFE98F89D" blockId="15.[148,763,1482,1901]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FF35FA1EFEC3FA2F" box="[148,321,1482,1504]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Type material:</emphasis>
At present, the typical material of
<taxonomicName id="4C75A1FEFFEEFFC8FF35FA3CFEDFFA0D" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[148,349,1512,1534]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Hamonthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bituberculatus">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FF35FA3CFEDFFA0D" box="[148,349,1512,1534]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">H. bituberculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could not be found. Although various materials of the Olivier collection were traced in several museum collections over the years (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A78CFFEEFFC8FF3DF991FEA9F9AA" author="Bragg PE" box="[156,299,1604,1626]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" pagination="105 - 115" refId="ref12693" refString="Bragg PE. 1996. Type specimens of Phasmida in the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden (Insecta: Phasmida). Zoologische Mededelingen 70: 105-115." type="journal article" year="1996">Bragg, 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A78CFFEEFFC8FE99F991FD0AF9A9" author="Staines CL &amp; Whittington AE" box="[312,648,1604,1626]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" pagination="1 - 8" refId="ref14208" refString="Staines CL, Whittington AE. 2003. Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) types in the Royal Museum of Scotland Collection. Zootaxa 192: 1-8." type="journal article" year="2003">Staines &amp; Whittington, 2003</bibRefCitation>
; G ultekin
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FD0BF990FD34F9A8" bold="true" box="[682,694,1605,1624]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">€</emphasis>
&amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A78CFFEEFFC8FF60F9B6FE0DF988" author="Korotyaev BA" box="[193,399,1635,1656]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" pagination="101 - 111" refId="ref13226" refString="G ultekin € L, Korotyaev BA. 2011. Lixus petiolicola n. sp. from Northeastern Turkey and Lixus furcatus Olivier: comparative systematic and ecological study (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 47: 101-111." type="journal article" year="2011">Korotyaev, 2011</bibRefCitation>
), most specimens are still missing. The type material of this species was collected from ‘Senegal’ by Geoffroy de Villeneuve, as well as its synonym
<taxonomicName id="4C75A1FEFFEEFFC8FE1AF96AFDD6F923" baseAuthorityName="Olivier" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[443,596,1726,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Onthophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="discoideus">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FE1AF96AFDD6F923" box="[443,596,1726,1748]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">O. discoideus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(which was recorded also from
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FE38F908FDBEF903" box="[409,572,1757,1779]" name="Goree Island" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Goree Island</collectingCountry>
). As the type material of this species could not be located at present, no
<typeStatus id="54CE64DFFFEEFFC8FEBFF8CFFE06F8C0" box="[286,388,1818,1840]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
could be designed here. For the morphological account, please refer to the original description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCADA7DFFEEFFC8FC8AFF12FB50FD13" blockId="15.[811,1426,199,740]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
<emphasis id="B901066FFFEEFFC8FC8AFF12FB51FF2C" box="[811,1235,199,220]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">
Geographical distribution (
<figureCitation id="134EC6F8FFEEFFC8FBD5FF12FB47FF2C" box="[1140,1221,199,220]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="12.[162,241,1389,1408]" captionTargetBox="[391,1208,203,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-188@12.[388,1212,198,1356]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 14. Distribution of the species (see Appendix 3, Supporting Information for a list of localities) with the Olson et al. (2001) terrestrial biomes classification." pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
):
</emphasis>
The species is widely distributed in the whole sub-Saharan area [
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC93FED1FCF8FEEA" box="[818,890,260,282]" name="Benin" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Benin</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC31FED1FBB5FEE9" box="[912,1079,260,282]" name="Burkina Faso" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Burkina Faso</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FBECFED1FB20FEEA" box="[1101,1186,260,282]" name="Eritrea" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FB19FED1FA9EFEEA" box="[1208,1308,260,282]" name="Ethiopia" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Ethiopia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FA93FED1FA0CFEEA" box="[1330,1422,260,282]" name="Gambia" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Gambia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC8AFEF7FCF8FEC8" box="[811,890,290,312]" name="Ghana" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Ghana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC3AFEF7FC73FEC8" box="[923,1009,290,312]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Guinea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FBB3FEF7FBE7FEC8" box="[1042,1125,290,312]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Guinea</collectingCountry>
<collectingRegion id="49B1149FFFEEFFC8FB23FEF7FB53FEC8" box="[1154,1233,290,312]" country="Guinea-Bissau" name="Bissau" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Bissau</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FB53FEF6FA0CFEC7" box="[1266,1422,290,312]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Ivory Coast</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC8AFE94FC32FEA7" box="[811,944,321,343]" name="Mauritania" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Mauritania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC6FFE94FB93FEA7" box="[974,1041,321,343]" name="Niger" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Niger</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FB8EFE94FB05FEA7" box="[1071,1159,321,343]" name="Nigeria" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FB07FE94FA82FEA7" box="[1190,1280,321,343]" name="Senegal" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Senegal</collectingCountry>
(the
<typeStatus id="54CE64DFFFEEFFC8FAC0FE94FA10FEA6" box="[1377,1426,321,342]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">type</typeStatus>
locality),
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC00FE8AFC68FE85" box="[929,1002,351,373]" name="Sudan" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Sudan</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FB9AFEB5FBF4FE85" box="[1083,1142,352,373]" name="Togo" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Togo</collectingCountry>
], and in Central and Eastern Africa (
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC5AFEABFAB4FE64" box="[1019,1334,382,404]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FAEEFEABFA0CFE64" box="[1359,1422,382,404]" name="Chad" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Chad</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC8AFE48FB38FE42" box="[811,1210,413,435]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FB76FE48FAA6FE43" box="[1239,1316,413,435]" name="Gabon" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Gabon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FAE0FE48FA0FFE42" box="[1345,1421,413,434]" name="Kenya" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC8AFE6EFBA9FE20" box="[811,1067,443,465]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FB39FE6EFB74FE21" box="[1176,1270,443,465]" name="Uganda" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Uganda</collectingCountry>
], extending eastwards and southwards toward
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FB48FE0FFAD6FE00" box="[1257,1364,474,496]" name="Tanzania" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC8AFE2DFC02FDFE" box="[811,896,504,526]" name="Malawi" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Malawi</collectingCountry>
(see Appendix 3, Supporting Information for more details). The species is also recorded from
<collectingRegion id="49B1149FFFEEFFC8FC8AFDE0FCEBFDBB" box="[811,873,565,587]" country="Egypt" name="Al Qahirah" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Cairo</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FCDCFDE3FC46FDBB" box="[893,964,566,587]" name="Egypt" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Egypt</collectingCountry>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A78CFFEEFFC8FC72FDE0FB24FDBB" author="Schatzmayr A" box="[979,1190,565,587]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" pagination="40 - 84" refId="ref14065" refString="Schatzmayr A. 1946. Gli scarabaeidi coprofagi della Libia e dell'Egitto. Atti della Societa italiana di Scienze Naturali 85: 40-84." type="journal article" year="1946">Schatzmayr, 1946</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A78CFFEEFFC8FB17FDE0FAD6FDBB" author="Baraud J" box="[1206,1364,565,587]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" pagination="1 - 652" refId="ref12423" refString="Baraud J. 1985. Coleopteres Scarabaeoidea, Faune du nord de l'Afrique, du Maroc au Sina € i. Encyclopedie Entomologique 46: 1-652." type="journal article" year="1985">Baraud, 1985</bibRefCitation>
) and Arabia (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A78CFFEEFFC8FC2FFD81FBB4FD99" author="Paulian R" box="[910,1078,596,618]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" pagination="141 - 154" refId="ref13685" refString="Paulian R. 1980. Insects of Saudi Arabia. Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea (1 ere contribution). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 2: 141-154." type="journal article" year="1980">Paulian, 1980</bibRefCitation>
), but these data need to be confirmed. Accidental introduction is reported in Antilles (
<collectingCountry id="F3629AEDFFEEFFC8FC37FD44FB98FD57" box="[918,1050,657,679]" name="Martinique" pageId="15" pageNumber="313">Martinique</collectingCountry>
), where an anthropogenic cause was hypothesized to explain these findings (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A78CFFEEFFC8FC92FD1BFC6FFD14" author="Matthews EG" box="[819,1005,718,740]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" pagination="1 - 133" refId="ref13369" refString="Matthews EG. 1966. A taxonomic and zoogeographic survey of the Scarabaeinae of the Antilles. Memoirs of the American Entomological Society 21: 1-133." type="journal article" year="1966">Matthews, 1966</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFE4A78CFFEEFFC8FC5BFD1BFB44FD13" author="Chalumeau F" box="[1018,1222,718,740]" pageId="15" pageNumber="313" refId="ref12780" refString="Chalumeau F. 1983. Les Coleopteres Scarabaeides des Petites Antilles (Guadeloupe a Martinique). Taxonomie- Ethologie-Biogeographie. Paris: Editions Lechevalier." type="book" year="1983">Chalumeau, 1983</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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