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<document id="A9C88D91810A1289BDC28E1092F48405" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385386" ID-ZooBank="2DB3A5B7-4292-4CD9-B6D8-FA97EB48DD16" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1733917054948" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moghaddam, Masumeh &amp; Watson, Gillian W." docDate="2024" docId="981B8798FFC6391492DA95DD37A8DAC5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5542.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5542 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Rhodococcus turanicus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="92" masterDocId="6422FFE0FF9D394F924D97543531DD43" masterDocTitle="The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families" masterLastPageNumber="202" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="92" updateTime="1734100605626" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9D96F58B1E1A9F4E2CA35051C5C736E1">The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1D0A5686424B96B0D796CFD99659E3B3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="049CF13B8D21A2F52F8D340B4AF49E69">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B4E6877FD074DCF9D183C2CB18CEB84E">Moghaddam, Masumeh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="80A6FC444D3C5330D0F0000A3AE000F5">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="419B0550F118B775203CB49B9ACA0D8A">Watson, Gillian W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="58BF2031B6B863676D5C763DA49F4A21" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9914-0094</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="15DAD72E2FD67B977430234285B1573C">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran. &amp; Science: Research, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K. gillian. watson @ nhm. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9914 - 0094 * Corresponding author. moghadam @ iripp. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0908 - 838 X &amp; Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="833F36253F06DEAB2C36DE0FF445BD0F" type="email">gillian.watson@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C7195047D93EADD4E1B5600B6C0FF483">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3EBA94C5550AA9B3788AF96B42D9DCEB">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F70C1E2686827E94AD79B1A546BEAE97">2024-11-29</mods:number>
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<treatment id="981B8798FFC6391492DA95DD37A8DAC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14445170" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14445170" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:981B8798FFC6391492DA95DD37A8DAC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/981B8798FFC6391492DA95DD37A8DAC5" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC6391492DA95DD37A9DFE0" box="[151,664,649,676]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC6391492DA95DD37A9DFE0" blockId="91.[151,664,649,712]" box="[151,664,649,676]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<heading id="4B4581E2FFC6391492DA95DD37A9DFE0" bold="true" box="[151,664,649,676]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC6391492DA95DD37A9DFE0" ID-CoL="4SF3N" authority="(Archangelskaya)" baseAuthorityName="Archangelskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[151,664,649,676]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Rhodococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turanicus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC6391492DA95DD37A9DFE0" bold="true" box="[151,664,649,676]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC6391492DA95DD3485DFE7" bold="true" box="[151,436,649,676]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Rhodococcus turanicus</emphasis>
(Archangelskaya)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC6391492DA95FA35C8DF8B" box="[151,249,686,712]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="description">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC6391492DA95FA35C8DF8B" blockId="91.[151,664,649,712]" box="[151,249,686,712]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
(
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFFC6391492D295FA35C0DF8B" box="[159,241,686,712]" captionStart="FIGURE 39" captionStartId="92.[151,250,1712,1736]" captionTargetBox="[158,1436,186,1686]" captionTargetId="figure-22@92.[151,1436,181,1688]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 39. Adult female of Rhodococcus turanicus (Archangelskaya), modified from Tang (1991) page 435, fig. 53." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385532" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385532/files/figure.png" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC6391492DA95A7365CDE6A" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC6391492DA95A7365CDE6A" blockId="91.[151,1437,754,809]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="30A211A0FFC6391492DA95A7365CDE6A" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFFC6391492DA95A737FEDE49" author="Archangelskaya, A. D." box="[151,719,754,778]" page="47" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" year="1937">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC6391492DA95A737FEDE49" ID-CoL="7K97V" authority="Archangelskaya, 1937: 47" authorityName="Archangelskaya" authorityPageNumber="47" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,719,754,778]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Lecanium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="coryli" subSpecies="turanicum">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC6391492DA95A73482DE49" box="[151,435,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Lecanium coryli turanicum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC6391493F195A637FEDE49" author="Archangelskaya, A. D." box="[444,719,754,778]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" refId="ref97601" refString="Archangelskaya, A. D. (1937) [The Coccidae of Middle Asia]. Izdatelstvo Komiteta Nauk UZ, Tashkent, 158 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1937">Archangelskaya, 1937: 47</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC63914909095A631BBDE49" ID-CoL="6GW2R" authority="(Archangelskaya)" baseAuthorityName="Archangelskaya" box="[733,1162,754,778]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Eulecanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turanicum">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914909095A636F9DE49" box="[733,968,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Eulecanium turanicum</emphasis>
(Archangelskaya)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFFC6391496D595A630A8DE49" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[1176,1433,754,778]" page="173" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" year="1949">
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC6391496D595A630A8DE49" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[1176,1433,754,778]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="1 - 271" refId="ref98556" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1949 b) [Identification of the soft and armored scales of Armenia]. Doklady Akademii Nauk Armyanoskoi S, 1949, 1 - 271. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1949">Borchsenius 1949b: 173</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC63914928A94453743DE6A" ID-CoL="4SF3N" authority="(Archangelskaya)" baseAuthorityName="Archangelskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[199,626,785,809]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Rhodococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turanicus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914928A94453484DE6A" box="[199,437,785,809]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Rhodococcus turanicus</emphasis>
(Archangelskaya)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFFC63914903194453658DE6A" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[636,873,785,809]" page="425" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" year="1957">
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC63914903194453658DE6A" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[636,873,785,809]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="1 - 493" refId="ref98824" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1957) [Subtribe mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Soft scale insects Coccidae. Vol. IX]. Fauna S. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk S, New Series, 66, 1 - 493. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1957">Borchsenius 1957: 425</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC6391492DA940330B7DED5" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC6391492DA940330B7DED5" blockId="91.[151,1437,855,1926]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC6391492DA940334A0DE32" bold="true" box="[151,401,855,881]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Field characteristics:</emphasis>
Live adult female rounded, strongly convex, almost spherical; lower part of body, attached to surface of the host, narrower than greatest width of insect; body reddish-brown, shiny, with depressed punctures.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC63914928A94CB3455DBCA" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC63914928A94CB3452DE9E" blockId="91.[151,1437,855,1926]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914928A94CB34E6DEFA" bold="true" box="[199,471,927,953]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Microscopic diagnosis:</emphasis>
Slide-mounted adult female body almost circular, with stigmatic clefts not developed; anal cleft shallow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC63914928A94BC3402D9D1" blockId="91.[151,1437,855,1926]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914928A94BC3410D942" box="[199,289,1000,1025]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Dorsum</emphasis>
. Derm membranous on young female; developing sparse areolations and a small, strongly sclerotized area around anal plates at maturity. Setae each long and hairlike, distributed throughout. Simple pores present almost throughout, except on midline; preopercular pores absent. Tubular ducts small and sparsely distributed. Anal plates together quadrate, each plate with 7 or 8 long apical and 2 subapical setae. Anal ring small, narrow, and without setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC63914928A93C83649D9BE" blockId="91.[151,1437,855,1926]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914928A93C8342BD9F6" box="[199,282,1180,1205]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Margin</emphasis>
. Marginal setae on head and end of abdomen long and flagellate; other setae spinelike with rounded apices on rest of margins, not extending up anal cleft. Stigmatic setae differentiated, each spine bent, bluntly pointed and shorter than a marginal seta, numbering 2 per spiracular cleft.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC63914928A925C3455DBCA" blockId="91.[151,1437,855,1926]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914928A925C343ED862" box="[199,271,1288,1313]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Venter</emphasis>
. Derm membranous. With 1 pair of long setae on pregenital segment (abdominal segment
<collectionCode id="76A3AE4BFFC6391496BA92533013D862" box="[1271,1314,1287,1313]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">VII</collectionCode>
); 5 pairs of setae between antennal bases, and large, spinose setae frequent in submarginal ring; other setae normal. Pregenital disc-pores mostly each with 8−10 loculi, present around anogenital fold, and in transverse bands across other abdominal segments and metathorax and mesothorax; also forming a group near procoxa. Simple pores present throughout (not illustrated). Spiracular disc-pores each with 5 (occasionally 6) loculi, present in band 1 or 2 pores wide between each spiracle and margin, numbering
<quantity id="D74A9B6BFFC6391490B992EF366DD896" box="[756,860,1467,1493]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" unit="in" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20−30 in</quantity>
each spiracular furrow. Microducts, each with an oval orifice, present throughout except on posterior abdominal segments. Tubular ducts of only
<specimenCount id="06B4FD07FFC639149695928B3010D8B9" box="[1240,1313,1503,1530]" count="1" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="generic" typeStatus="type">1 type</specimenCount>
, present in submarginal band. Antennae small, each with 6 thickened segments, third segment usually longest. Legs small, with broad segments, each with a tibio-tarsal articulation and articulatory sclerosis; tibia not much longer than tarsus; claw curved, thick, with a denticle near apex; claw digitules with small knobs, longer than claw; tarsal digitules similar but longer.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC63914928A91C73752DBB6" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC63914928A91C73752DBB6" blockId="91.[151,1437,855,1926]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914928A91C73452DBEE" bold="true" box="[199,355,1683,1709]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Distribution:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFFC63914932791C73741DBEE" baseAuthorityName="Archangelskaya" baseAuthorityYear="1937" box="[362,624,1683,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Rhodococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turanicus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914932791C73741DBEE" box="[362,624,1683,1709]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Rhodococcus turanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from 12 countries in the Palaearctic region (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC63914969C91C735C8DB92" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." pageId="91" pageNumber="92" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC6391497C591C0359CDB92" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). The species was recorded from
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC63914903991EC3790DB91" box="[628,673,1720,1746]" name="Iran" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Iran</collectingCountry>
for the first time by
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC6391491C291E3315EDB91" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[911,1135,1719,1746]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="1 - 493" refId="ref98824" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1957) [Subtribe mealybugs and scales (Coccoidea). Soft scale insects Coccidae. Vol. IX]. Fauna S. Zoologicheskii Institut Akademii Nauk S, New Series, 66, 1 - 493. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1957">Borchsenius (1957)</bibRefCitation>
; there are no specimens in the Iranian museum (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC6391493C9918F3766DBB6" author="Moghaddam, M." box="[388,599,1755,1781]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC63914928A91AB30A1DA7E" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC63914928A91AB30A1DA7E" blockId="91.[151,1437,855,1926]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914928A91AB346ADA5A" bold="true" box="[199,347,1791,1817]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Host-plants:</emphasis>
The species is moderately polyphagous, having been found on host-plants in 13 genera belonging to seven families (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC63914932E907737A7DA7E" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." box="[355,662,1827,1854]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC6391490579070377ADA7E" box="[538,587,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). Its host-plants in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC639149127907036A6DA7D" box="[874,919,1828,1854]" name="Iran" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Iran</collectingCountry>
have not been recorded (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFFC6391496FC907730B5DA7E" author="Moghaddam, M." box="[1201,1412,1827,1853]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FFC63914928A901337A8DAC5" pageId="91" pageNumber="92" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC63914928A90133696DA21" blockId="91.[151,1437,855,1926]" box="[199,935,1863,1890]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914928A901334E6DA22" bold="true" box="[199,471,1863,1889]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Economic importance:</emphasis>
Not of any economic importance in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC63914913F901C3692DA21" box="[882,931,1864,1890]" name="Iran" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFFC63914928A903F37A8DAC5" blockId="91.[151,1437,855,1926]" box="[199,665,1899,1926]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFFC63914928A903F34A5DAC6" bold="true" box="[199,404,1899,1925]" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Natural enemies:</emphasis>
None recorded in
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFFC639149029903837A4DAC5" box="[612,661,1900,1926]" name="Iran" pageId="91" pageNumber="92">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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