170 lines
20 KiB
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170 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="99682993A2C7DB045B48147D41FC55ED" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385386" ID-ZooBank="2DB3A5B7-4292-4CD9-B6D8-FA97EB48DD16" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1733917054948" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moghaddam, Masumeh & Watson, Gillian W." docDate="2024" docId="981B8798FF2D39FF92DA95A437A8D829" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5542.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5542 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Phoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="177" masterDocId="6422FFE0FF9D394F924D97543531DD43" masterDocTitle="The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families" masterLastPageNumber="202" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="177" updateTime="1734095893699" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:mods id="AE21E5B08D841E34E54AB4FE5BAEC4DB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="23C789FB9E923D8ABB4E2D46887FF0FB">
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<mods:title id="1F35DF51319AE558EA3153F2DF0A493E">The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B8E91434FA5BD8866E4FDD1FBAFB450F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="557C20EC7FC8ABA288E68CF748D57592">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CC3A9C3754D214B37D8640DE8B1EA69B">Moghaddam, Masumeh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1FA8F6325A5090B9BB1F9D51F2271F8D">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9EEB1841616D4F91327B386FFB3F1BD4">Watson, Gillian W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5D0554261A37DFAD63713D6589D61CBA" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9914-0094</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="792E076175B2E7998DFCB828D6DB7959">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran. & Science: Research, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K. gillian. watson @ nhm. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9914 - 0094 * Corresponding author. moghadam @ iripp. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0908 - 838 X & Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="25537257BF96AD94E04257C477B2BCDF" type="email">gillian.watson@nhm.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8F2BC646C2612E7592F8A0C138275E0A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="52D5E370560090BE9E40B63BDE03709D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9C8EC7E49289E8D14A960EA791C63C4A">
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<mods:date id="07C60B5DE9EB8A0E7531F49D19C61915">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="3736D7BB646CC3B00515E794484D66AF">2024-11-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BD157830A77B3BF00E86FD467D770AA8">5542</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A08FC40DE66D899A9900AECCC8FE6CA6">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="75131E13ADCBCA12EC587B77B3F36E7B">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1</mods:url>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="981B8798FF2D39FF92DA95A437A8D829" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:981B8798FF2D39FF92DA95A437A8D829" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/981B8798FF2D39FF92DA95A437A8D829" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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<subSubSection id="58A86505FF2D39FF92DA95A43773DE49" box="[151,578,752,779]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="100D368EFF2D39FF92DA95A43773DE49" blockId="176.[151,661,752,815]" box="[151,578,752,779]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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<heading id="4B4581E2FF2D39FF92DA95A43773DE49" bold="true" box="[151,578,752,779]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF2D39FF92DA95A43773DE49" ID-CoL="4GKMN" authority="Cockerell" authorityName="Cockerell" box="[151,578,752,779]" class="Insecta" family="Phoenicococcidae" genus="Phoenicococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marlatti">
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF92DA95A43773DE49" bold="true" box="[151,578,752,779]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF92DA95A434F3DE48" bold="true" box="[151,450,752,779]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Phoenicococcus marlatti</emphasis>
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Cockerell
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58A86505FF2D39FF92DA944037A4DE6C" box="[151,661,788,815]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" type="description">
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<paragraph id="100D368EFF2D39FF92DA944037A4DE6C" blockId="176.[151,661,752,815]" box="[151,661,788,815]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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(
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<figureCitation id="88892A0BFF2D39FF92D2944035C3DE6C" box="[159,242,788,815]" captionStart="FIGURE 87" captionStartId="177.[151,250,1759,1783]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-17@177.[151,1436,181,1735]" captionTargetPageId="177" captionText="FIGURE 87. Adult female of Phoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell, reproduced from Gill (1993) page 217, fig. 119, with kind permission from the author and California Department of Food & Agriculture." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385703/files/figure.png" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Fig. 87</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="88892A0BFF2D39FF92B394403451DE6C" box="[254,352,788,815]" captionStart="PLATE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,234,1441,1465]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1417]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[189,1398,181,1417]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="PLATE 5. Monophlebidae continued: A-1 and A-2, Icerya aegyptiaca (Douglas); B-1 and B-2, Icerya purchasi Maskell. Ortheziidae: C, Orthezia urticae (Linnaeus). Phoenicococcidae: D, Phoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385402" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385402/files/figure.png" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Plate 5C</figureCitation>
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, distribution map
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<figureCitation id="88892A0BFF2D39FF9066944037BCDE6C" box="[555,653,788,815]" captionStart="FIGURE 91" captionStartId="181.[151,250,1496,1520]" captionTargetBox="[207,1385,186,1457]" captionTargetId="figure-17@181.[199,1389,181,1472]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIGURE 91. Distribution maps of scale insect species in Iran covered in this work. A, Kermes quercus (Linnaeus); B, Kermes spatulatus Balachowsky; C, Neoacanthococcus pamiricus (Bazarov); D, Neoacanthococcus tamaricicola Borchsenius; E, Nidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer; F, Orthezia urticae (Linnaeus); G, Ortheziola marottai Kaydan & Szita; H, Palaeolecanium bituberculatum (Signoret); I, Palmaspis phoenicis (Ramachandra Rao); J, Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché); K, Parthenolecanium persicae (Fabricius); L, Phoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385720" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385720/files/figure.png" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Fig. 91L</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58A86505FF2D39FF92DA940D3461D966" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="100D368EFF2D39FF92DA940D37B2DE32" blockId="176.[151,643,857,881]" box="[151,643,857,881]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="30A211A0FF2D39FF92DA940D37B2DE32" box="[151,643,857,881]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFF2D39FF92DA940D374EDE32" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[151,639,857,881]" page="262" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" year="1899">
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<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF2D39FF92DA940D374EDE32" ID-CoL="4GKMN" authority="Cockerell, 1899 b: 262" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityPageNumber="262" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,639,857,881]" class="Insecta" family="Phoenicococcidae" genus="Phoenicococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marlatti">
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF92DA940D34A5DE32" box="[151,404,857,881]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Phoenicococcus marlatti</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF2D39FF93D7940D374EDE32" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[410,639,857,881]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" pagination="259 - 275" refId="ref99674" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1899 b) Some notes on Coccidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1899, 259 - 275." type="book chapter" year="1899">Cockerell, 1899b: 262</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="100D368EFF2D39FF92DA94CB3461D966" blockId="176.[151,1437,927,1386]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF92DA94CB34A2DEFA" bold="true" box="[151,403,927,953]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Field characteristics:</emphasis>
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Usually found in crevices on palms, particularly in folds of unopened leaves or under fibres on the stems. Adult female subspherical, pinkish or reddish brown to red, partly enclosed by an amorphous mass of white, flocculent wax. Immature males produce a loose, elongate white cocoon (
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<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF2D39FF967794B3319BD942" author="Gill, R. J." box="[1082,1194,999,1025]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" refId="ref101689" refString="Gill, R. J. (1993) The Scale Insects of California: Part 2. The Minor Families (Homoptera: Coccoidea). California Department of Food & Agriculture, Sacramento, California, 241 pp." type="book" year="1993">Gill 1993</bibRefCitation>
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); adult male wingless (
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<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF2D39FF92D3935F3475D966" author="Watson, G. W." box="[158,324,1035,1061]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" pagination="301 - 356" refId="ref110451" refString="Watson, G. W. (2022 a) Towards identification of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) of continental Africa: 2. Checklists and keys to six archaeococcoid families. Zootaxa, 5105 (3), 301 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5105.3.1" type="journal article" year="2022">Watson 2022a</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58A86505FF2D39FF928A937B362FD90A" box="[199,798,1071,1098]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="100D368EFF2D39FF928A937B362FD90A" blockId="176.[151,1437,927,1386]" box="[199,798,1071,1098]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF928A937B34E9D90A" bold="true" box="[199,472,1071,1097]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Microscopic diagnosis:</emphasis>
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see generic diagnosis above.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="58A86505FF2D39FF928A930737A8D829" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="100D368EFF2D39FF928A930731A2D9F6" blockId="176.[151,1437,927,1386]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF928A93073452D92E" bold="true" box="[199,355,1107,1133]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Distribution:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF2D39FF9326930737B2D92E" box="[363,643,1107,1133]" class="Insecta" family="Phoenicococcidae" genus="Phoenicococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marlatti">
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF9326930737B2D92E" box="[363,643,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Phoenicococcus marlatti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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originated in the Middle East but is now known from 18 countries in the Afrotropical, Nearctic, Neotropical and Palaearctic regions (
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<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF2D39FF9125932331ACD9D2" author="Garcia Morales M. & Denno B. D. & Miller D. R. & Miller G. L. & Ben-Dov Y. & Hardy N. B." box="[872,1181,1143,1170]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. & Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
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García Morales
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF966D932C3163D9D2" box="[1056,1106,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">et al</emphasis>
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. 2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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); in
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<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF2D39FF9682932C31CED9D1" box="[1231,1279,1144,1170]" name="Iran" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Iran</collectingCountry>
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, it is found in
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<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFF2D39FF92DA93C8342FD9F5" box="[151,286,1180,1206]" country="Iran" name="Hormozgan" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Hormozgan</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFF2D39FF936493CF3488D9F6" box="[297,441,1179,1205]" country="Iran" name="Kermanshah" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Kermanshah</collectingRegion>
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, Sistan & Balouchestan and
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<collectingRegion id="D276F86CFF2D39FF90B493CF3600D9F6" box="[761,817,1179,1205]" country="Iran" name="Yazd" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Yazd</collectingRegion>
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provinces (
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<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF2D39FF91F993CF31B6D9F6" author="Moghaddam, M." box="[948,1159,1179,1205]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="100D368EFF2D39FF928A93EB373DD862" blockId="176.[151,1437,927,1386]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF928A93EB346AD99A" bold="true" box="[199,347,1215,1241]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Host-plants:</emphasis>
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The scale is mainly found on palms (family
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<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF2D39FF910093EB36F5D99A" box="[845,964,1215,1241]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
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) but there are some records on host-plants in
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<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF2D39FF92FA93B0341CD9BD" box="[183,301,1252,1278]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Myrtaceae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF2D39FF932693B73665D9BE" authority="(Garcia Morales et al. 2016)" baseAuthorityName="Garcia Morales" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[363,852,1251,1278]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
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Pandanaceae (
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<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF2D39FF904093B7367DD9BE" author="Garcia Morales M. & Denno B. D. & Miller D. R. & Miller G. L. & Ben-Dov Y. & Hardy N. B." box="[525,844,1251,1278]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. & Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
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García Morales
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF908793B037CFD9BE" box="[714,766,1251,1277]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">et al</emphasis>
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. 2016
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. In
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<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF2D39FF91C993B03685D9BD" box="[900,948,1252,1278]" name="Iran" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Iran</collectingCountry>
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, it has been found on
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<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF2D39FF96F093B730ADD9BE" box="[1213,1436,1251,1277]" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Phoenix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dactylifera">
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<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF96F093B730ADD9BE" box="[1213,1436,1251,1277]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Phoenix dactylifera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF2D39FF92D292533426D862" box="[159,279,1287,1313]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
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) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF2D39FF936092533731D862" author="Moghaddam, M." box="[301,512,1287,1313]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="100D368EFF2D39FF928A927F3628D805" blockId="176.[151,1437,927,1386]" box="[199,793,1323,1350]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
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|
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF928A927F34E6D806" bold="true" box="[199,471,1323,1349]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Economic importance:</emphasis>
|
|
Not known as a pest in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF2D39FF90A992783624D805" box="[740,789,1324,1350]" name="Iran" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="100D368EFF2D39FF928A921B37A8D829" blockId="176.[151,1437,927,1386]" box="[199,665,1359,1386]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
|
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF2D39FF928A921B34A5D82A" bold="true" box="[199,404,1359,1385]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Natural enemies:</emphasis>
|
|
None recorded in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF2D39FF9029920437A4D829" box="[612,661,1360,1386]" name="Iran" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |