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<mods:title id="B3063D83C6F1D5DB264EB03336ED2A16">Conchological and molecular analysis of the &quot; non-scaly &quot; Bornean Georissa with descriptions of three new species (Gastropoda, Neritimorpha, Hydrocenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F5F473F0C23A7BDBDA9EE5BFF740D603">Zacaery Khalik, Mohd</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="92A8CFEECADBE7D3E95B961AA1A434AE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="156787940" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92A8CFEECADBE7D3E95B961AA1A434AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/92A8CFEECADBE7D3E95B961AA1A434AE" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="37" pageNumber="72">
<subSubSection id="E7A09ADA4FF7A20079A88F0A7E5E26AF" pageId="37" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="08931322DA8D803127A5E94EC679E20D" pageId="37" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName id="E9CC39FFC73A05B7A1FC47A701FCF1A9" ID-CoL="7RDV4" authority="Smith, 1895" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1895" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrocenidae" genus="Georissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Georissa flavescens" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="37" pageNumber="72" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flavescens">Georissa flavescens Smith, 1895</taxonomicName>
Figures 1I, 20
<normalizedToken id="A7094C1085418D3E8C85A0BE7304EB6C" originalValue="AK">A-K</normalizedToken>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="25C9621F2FAC27B7BA921FCB1531000D" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F5B19969DFA6E5BC9ACBE3846DC6AD7C" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="9FC654140CB67B992A068DB34A57B672" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrocenidae" genus="Georissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Georissa flavescens" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<pageBreakToken id="85FE57228DF18BE03A4DDDBD4E4691EC" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" start="start">Georissa</pageBreakToken>
flavescens
</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1895: 126, Plate IV fig. 17;
<bibRefCitation id="A8F2E4E622A13151137242D5FF918C9A" author="Thompson, FG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences" pageId="41" pageNumber="76" pagination="101 - 152" title="Non-marine mollusks of Borneo. II Pulmonata: Pupillidae, Clausiliidae. III Prosobranchia: Hydrocenidae, Helicinidae." url="https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/files/2114/7180/1931/Vol-29-No-3.PDF" volume="29" year="1983">Thompson and Dance 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 121.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9AA8B82FD5740C3A7C34C1214EC6883A" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="4E38C45B1DD857C2F793C5D3C8DF64C4" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F18CEB933E5E12CBC98BECC1E9231DA" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">Gomanton, N.E. Borneo.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FECADD7ED7EC29E3C96F2B64BE9CBEE3" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" type="type material">
<paragraph id="C7372705C050F557AB4771FAEF3CE253" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E65B85EA70E645FB43F972E47DB0709F" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
Lectotype (Designation by
<bibRefCitation id="EC24730EE4D3DA678675F9C48CBB13D5" author="Thompson, FG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences" pageId="41" pageNumber="76" pagination="101 - 152" title="Non-marine mollusks of Borneo. II Pulmonata: Pupillidae, Clausiliidae. III Prosobranchia: Hydrocenidae, Helicinidae." url="https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/files/2114/7180/1931/Vol-29-No-3.PDF" volume="29" year="1983">Thompson and Dance 1983</bibRefCitation>
). Gomanton, NE Borneo: NHMUK 1893.6.8.11 (Fig. 1I). Paralectotypes. Gomanton, NE Borneo: NHMUK 1893.6.8.12-13.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43A8C680B3F57BA762ED6E424B2B74D3" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="608FC0449CCCADA15BC865299B676727" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">Other material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="69CB1A069BE392A67C5CF2E6F4FC088F" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
Tomanggong Besar 1, Kinabatangan, Sabah: BOR/MOL 7299. Tomanggong Besar 2, Kinabatangan, Sabah: BOR/MOL 7626. Batu Pangi, Kinabatangan valley, Sandakan province, Sabah (
<geoCoordinate id="529231A8FCD3CEA447104858319EE7E5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="5.5264997">05°31.59'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C57E71E39AA0C27AA2D0C83236374139" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="118.30717">118°18.43'E</geoCoordinate>
): JJV 9827, BOR/MOL 7288 (Fig. 20), BOR/MOL 9261, BOR/MOL 9325 (
<taxonomicName id="D28A24CAF8819A908B45238FF39F7117" lsidName="G. flavescens" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="flavescens">G. flavescens</taxonomicName>
mixed with
<taxonomicName id="8A84A9E49CB1AA824B0A4970D7F094F1" lsidName="G. xesta" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="xesta">G. xesta</taxonomicName>
), BOR/MOL 10816, BOR/MOL 10830, BOR/MOL 10835. Batu Keruak, Kinabatangan, Sabah (
<geoCoordinate id="B301DE06E4004441E1B3083A126C9FAD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="5.523">05°31.38'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="29D5C0F7A9B6ABF30DFFB7FDE122D354" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="118.286">118°17.16'E</geoCoordinate>
): BOR/MOL 11621.
</paragraph>
<caption id="14C61AB530C68D9A9D5B04113490FC0D" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
<paragraph id="72EADB515BA39536E97345CAAC95B086" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
Figure 20.
<taxonomicName id="EA2BD34FEF247EE631459E6DF0126696" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrocenidae" genus="Georissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Georissa flavescens" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flavescens">Georissa flavescens</taxonomicName>
Smith, 1895.
<normalizedToken id="D1B1331676AF9177B6F9C49D36960C71" originalValue="AK">A-K</normalizedToken>
BOR/MOL 7288 A, D shell apertural view B shell side view C shell rear view E, F shell cross-section from 3D model G, H operculum frontal and ventral view from 3D model I shell top view J protoconch side view K close up of protoconch from top at 1000
<normalizedToken id="05C5A702BAFED544BD8A19C06743796B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
magnification. Scale bars: 500
<normalizedToken id="25A5EDA9BF67D49D4C590C01F577F128" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<normalizedToken id="F374D103768C5B0AAB7A83F833447000" originalValue="AI">A-I</normalizedToken>
); 200
<normalizedToken id="666499392BF97D0C1B41D4D1DD10483A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(J); 10
<normalizedToken id="2C4CD6888431FBA62153128CDB3A4500" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(K).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="21C3F0AD71F51732F042E787A7767309" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph id="E9B8B1BC914B43E541F9AA83C4677F34" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14EC9807E749AA51DFEBB3820E595E43" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
Protoconch. Colour: orange. Sculpture: rounded, ellipsoidal to irregular sculptural shape. Mesh width: 2-10
<normalizedToken id="40B30CA22BAD7590CD5D90F5733619DE" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. Teleoconch. Colour: orange. First whorl: convex. Subsequent whorls: convex, and slightly angular at the penultimate whorl. Suture: clearly impressed. Shoulder: narrow to slightly extended. Number of whorls: 2
<normalizedToken id="29CCDA1EE44FB363ED9CCF5D1AF348BB" originalValue="½–">1/2-</normalizedToken>
2
<normalizedToken id="E40D99275A2910E9D8390D57D5586A2B" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
. SH: 0.87-1.20 mm. SW: 0.73-0.95 mm. SI: 1.15-1.26. Shell sculpture. Radial sculpture: absent, weak growth lines. Spiral sculpture: present, appearing immediately after the protoconch, wavy, thin, and regularly arranged ribs at the first whorl, more raised at the later whorls. Aperture. Shape: semi-elliptic, straight to concave parietal side, palatal side rounded, palatal edge contiguous with the palatal side, basal side convex. AH: 0.43- 0.55 mm. AW: 0.47-0.58 mm. AI: 0.82-0.95.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C37696EE6D94434FF4257076215F84BE" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="09D3FE105CC1C34FEC62FDD01F781B0D" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5A8F1E9B28CE79A804F51728E699029" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="83C68153F997CAAB0D8F3B00A39E73EF" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrocenidae" genus="Georissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Georissa flavescens" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flavescens">Georissa flavescens</taxonomicName>
is characterised by the wavy spiral sculpture, which it only shares with
<taxonomicName id="356B7520B305C350212E9B72EF8925C6" lsidName="G. nephrostoma" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="nephrostoma">G. nephrostoma</taxonomicName>
, but the latter species, with its narrow spire and inflated columella, is entirely distinct in shell habitus. The shell shape of
<taxonomicName id="DB2F5DA58D92B8397304DB7EBD0310EC" lsidName="G. flavescens" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="flavescens">G. flavescens</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="D77AF88578C2A0379FD2B1DE21DB9F21" lsidName="G. gomantonensis" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="gomantonensis">G. gomantonensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0C739D4BDBEBE05277A579BA489806D5" lsidName="G. williamsi" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="williamsi">G. williamsi</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="FFD4EB3D2C1CD4AF2C8A54D319AA77C4" lsidName="G. everetti" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="everetti">G. everetti</taxonomicName>
, but its size is reduced compared to these three species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="555468741EE79AFE8863A36EB9F6B595" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="58C3070B7D5A18C5B3AFC16DDE38D50B" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0394D4303B82F4B84C9463D50CAF81AD" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="32C05D353D1519661CE67D0C01D07B86" class="Gastropoda" family="Hydrocenidae" genus="Georissa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Georissa flavescens" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="flavescens">Georissa flavescens</taxonomicName>
is restricted to four limestone hills, Batu Pangi, Batu Keruak, Batu Gomantong, and Batu Tomanggong, in the Lower Kinabatangan valley of Sabah.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="60B37699D8387CFCA0B714DA4F53440C" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" type="molecular analysis">
<paragraph id="19E8FC813E8CC8217AC4F204F2811938" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">Molecular analysis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="286358F3BF3992C7390F930B1DB9CCCA" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
ML and Bayesian analyses of
<taxonomicName id="3AF2FB69A620AAB6ECAB34EE571F4F89" lsidName="G. flavescens" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="flavescens">G. flavescens</taxonomicName>
(16S: n = 7; CO1: n = 8) show that
<taxonomicName id="C36B9E4B853A5DE84C333B47D67B04F7" lsidName="G. flavescens" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="flavescens">G. flavescens</taxonomicName>
forms a monophyletic clade with 100% BS and 100% PP, a sister species of
<taxonomicName id="6ADE382B2CCFEF4713E2438C49DA07A1" lsidName="G. bangueyensis" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="bangueyensis">G. bangueyensis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6222F5EFCC27FF63B11E68920AC49CD9" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2F201ED18AA8E93F23047ABE6ABAAA69" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="061B384CBB328D95314EB917755E328A" pageId="38" pageNumber="73">
<bibRefCitation id="8713C467DB907FB9A5F248AB78273CB7" author="Thompson, FG" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences" pageId="41" pageNumber="76" pagination="101 - 152" title="Non-marine mollusks of Borneo. II Pulmonata: Pupillidae, Clausiliidae. III Prosobranchia: Hydrocenidae, Helicinidae." url="https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/files/2114/7180/1931/Vol-29-No-3.PDF" volume="29" year="1983">Thompson and Dance (1983)</bibRefCitation>
synonymised
<taxonomicName id="17BC6DAF1EE19687A1B71144C7F05F73" lsidName="G. flavescens" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="flavescens">G. flavescens</taxonomicName>
to
<taxonomicName id="B745E26727CBBA6C3EB5CDACCBB0F620" lsidName="G. gomantonensis" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="gomantonensis">G. gomantonensis</taxonomicName>
, without stating any reason. We find otherwise, that
<taxonomicName id="351520E17F6031455E87E2023C174892" lsidName="G. flavescens" pageId="38" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="flavescens">G. flavescens</taxonomicName>
is a valid species based on detailed conchology and molecular analysis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>