151 lines
16 KiB
XML
151 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="4B4A3A56804DD4FBC1E1E9EFBDA8F570" ID-CLB-Dataset="33421" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910" ID-GBIF-Dataset="45221874-7fe5-4bd5-a3da-3b318b7dd9a8" ID-PMC="PMC3253626" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-158-1" ID-PubMed="22303109" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-158-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 158" ModsDocTitle="A Revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and Adjacent Waters" checkinTime="1451249442870" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Cairns, Stephen D. & Lindner, Alberto" docDate="2011" docId="011563176425E937A9078C108EE0C33D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 158: 1-88" docOrigin="ZooKeys 158" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910" docTitle="Stylaster leptostylus Fisher 1938, new rank" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="42" masterDocId="CD06FFFFD917034E2D15FFB73E6BFFD7" masterDocTitle="A Revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and Adjacent Waters" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1732676499699" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="4CDA4F57947F013FF06F47C0E10BBE8B">A Revision of the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Filifera) from Alaska and Adjacent Waters</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="67A538E0341D251789982A5F6A3EA027">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="40DCD09CCA5184CEB17E9BEBD33EBCBE">Lindner, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="0D43FB193A4982C2E701B1EFF3CE238F">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="680CB02837C24D33F1B12DA959991407">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A0F84DE2E48D884320D84E15A7474D85">158</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="A0117EA2B296A09E31361C9FB3C78EA7">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="EB7E78BB3D610FA0FF8E3FF5A47B1B31">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2B9D43DFF97BD0CAE98376E1F557E62E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C2783B30F528AB6E1C1AAE712643A538" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-158-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="011563176425E937A9078C108EE0C33D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032766" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:011563176425E937A9078C108EE0C33D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/011563176425E937A9078C108EE0C33D" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
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<subSubSection id="0C49FB8A6DA5FD3B089354D934072E2F" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="521C4C6D63475DDD2D16C24348DE7A65" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="425C6EDEA939C88927B738BF76E960BB" ID-CoL="5392P" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_leptostylus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2F97217E5B3075BB183CEE158DB93BC2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">new rank</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 17E19
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<normalizedToken id="15DC522E760F8983697FBDD70F1BBDC2" originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B990E0D3969FBD70C93DF71F376CA41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="374A93BA5B5AB859200B5E9E4A6C1B16" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="0918766A8C186220B2BA203FDECFA78C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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forma leptostyla Fisher, 1938: 514, pl. 52, figs, 1-3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0C3C17FE34EC4995F7C220D80C20F0F2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="961B70BA39315F9B4B08F617B509451F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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Fisher, 1938: in part (pl. 50).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8D932CBCCF711EDCA36353BAAAF1DBBF" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName id="99435B8D0CAC945C2635D1095A3A297A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster moseleyanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyanus">Stylaster moseleyanus</taxonomicName>
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forma leptostylus.-
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<bibRefCitation id="A9C55EC116D3047021853BDE504185EC" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
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: 429.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C4D904AD3381E8FBF181064870028171" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="3688FC3027DD4607967F9BBBEA8187C8" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8D390E959EB491AE0066AADD4FD6AC83" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Holotype: Alb-3480, 1 dry male colony 8.5 cm in height, and SEM stub 1544, USNM 43270 (Fig. 17E). Paratypes: Alb-3480, 4 female, 2 male colonies, dry, and SEM stub 1536-38, USNM 76817. Type locality.Alb-3480:
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<geoCoordinate id="4C149C05C915C6BAACBF3F23BDC5F1BA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.1">52°06'00"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="0F43B764623B3E74145254D5406A521E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-171.75">171°45'00"W</geoCoordinate>
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(off Seguam Island, Amukta Pass), 518 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4C3D9AF3B35BA660B3385369F249FE32" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="B7494D6EF4CF4FD24119562882A01731" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61A3BA17C7AACFCE7AD838DA43563463" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Types. Alb-3480, 2 female, 1 male colonies, dry, USNM 76555 (paratype of
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<taxonomicName id="C821F50025A4C00716A3CB02BEC9515E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D07D1F78ECFF89A2F95A422563AC22B2" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5E11F87A3E0D0073042E9F9E8F093327" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D9949B2686E87988BFAD730456F512D1" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Corallum uniplanar, branching equal and dichotomous; no anastomosis of branches. Largest colony (the holotype, Fig. 17E) 8.5 cm in height and 7.0 cm in width, with a basal branch diameter of 8.4 mm. All branches circular in cross section. Commensal spionid polychaetes absent. Coenosteum reticulate-granular i
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<pageBreakToken id="50BA18583264DA012948462AAAF6B4F9" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">n</pageBreakToken>
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texture, the coenosteal strips 45-55
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<normalizedToken id="8C6EB4BAB3C9309EF4506A1AD31F85F0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in width, the slits about 15
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<normalizedToken id="2F6FFE3D5E7F29B7BCF53BCC099DEC65" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in width; strips; strips not linear near cyclosystems. Coenosteum white.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="12D9D8472F2F5B4C28483FAB9F2359DD" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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Cyclosystems occur on branch edges and anterior face, but rarely on posterior face, those on edges not aligned in rows. Cyclosystems circular, 1.0-1.1 mm in diameter, and raised only slightly above branch coenosteum. Gastropores about 0.35 mm in diameter, leading to a slightly curved, funnel-shaped upper tube that narrows to a cylindrical lower part that houses the gastrostyle (Fig. 19
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<normalizedToken id="8BD18B3B4242B9B44A24DAA58E34C618" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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); ring palisade absent. Gastrostyles elongate-lanceolate, up to 0.6 mm in length, occupying lower half of gastropore tube, its pointed tip easily seen in an intact cyclosystem; H:D about 3.5.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EF76F148C42701A66F3CC910F6F0A13C" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<pageBreakToken id="7BCAE09266E501F5CED5458644B6A2BD" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">Dactylotomes</pageBreakToken>
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0.10-0.13 mm wide; dactylostyles moderate in size, elements up to 50
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<normalizedToken id="DAD3CAE06D13E6D1912E2A6E1FF054BF" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in length. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem 7-12 (n = 50, average = 9.76 (σ = 1.92), mode = 9). Supernumerary dactylopores absent. Pseudosepta slender and fairly uniform in width (0.10-0.11 mm), an adcauline diastema of twice that width sometimes present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="04415226897C93FD3F3B262C32EB292A" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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Female ampullae (Fig. 19D) large, smooth, superficial hemispheres 0.9-1.1 mm in diameter, occasionally having a lateral efferent pore about 0.20 mm in diameter. Male ampullae (Fig. 19A) superficial swellings 0.45-0.55 mm in diameter, often clustered on anterior and posterior branch faces; apical efferent pores about 25
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<normalizedToken id="46D3574027F797A3E782A60605A61DAA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EDFE4C6946AEDDB24D7E8F1CC0B6D78" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="93A716F781BF65E29587CF07D63DEEAD" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4FF0CA27CE78F7C4A35757F097A24391" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<bibRefCitation id="D9AC08DCB70CAA0DF19BCE1298640339" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
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originally differentiated forma leptostyla from typical
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<taxonomicName id="57A5FCF7F42E90FC198D71EF376A2161" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="03B343146CC66BA5A35610E026D25BA1" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
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) based on its more slender gastrostyle and smaller male ampullae. We cannot find a difference in ampulla size between forma leptostyla and typical
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<taxonomicName id="DBDB07F092181871988B1475250B9470" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
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, but the gastrostyle of leptostyla is longer and more slender than that of
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<taxonomicName id="276D9CF35B245DE5F526575D87B638F9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
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, occupying more of the gastropore tube (and thus having a higher H:D ratio) and being more visible from external view. In addition to this difference, forma leptostyla differs from
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<taxonomicName id="B50F70BD143AC4CC7BE64CE46D2D0ECF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
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in having equal, non-anastomosing branching; branches circular in cross section; less exsert cyclosystems; non-linearly arranged cyclosystems; fewer dactylopores per cyclosystem; and consistently reticulate coenosteal strips (see Table 2). For these reasons this form is elevated to species rank but is considered to be closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="F6C098DA77BB80ABB331480CA9C70668" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="60CB5976C51AA38C0F5FEF30C5C8EF74" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="B0B25835CB051A1B8F802941A10D2C06" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="010B671619CB2D1D519011979167BF92" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Known only from type locality.</paragraph>
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<caption id="CF511470D2EF8532E326BF5510AC56B8" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<paragraph id="58AB6CFCCAF4EDF55392ED5F4F7924F3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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Figure 19.
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<taxonomicName id="F2A29CF8F25E55664C6ECFE841ADB506" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="821BA7A1A3705074E83ACB3B1457A54E" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="F3FB434342BB4D2C8175E2E83A150A8E" originalValue="D–I">D-I</normalizedToken>
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paratypes from USNM 76817, C holotype, USNM 43270: A stereo view of a male branch B a cyclosystem C gastrostyle D stereo view of a gastrostyle and female ampullae
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<normalizedToken id="BEF9A02A549C084F920EC363BF430FE4" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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coenosteal texture
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<normalizedToken id="E2533299CDF1F6F3D6A213FD48E77D56" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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gastrostyle I two dactylostyles.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |