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<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="67A538E0341D251789982A5F6A3EA027">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Lindner, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="40DCD09CCA5184CEB17E9BEBD33EBCBE">Lindner, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032766" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:011563176425E937A9078C108EE0C33D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/011563176425E937A9078C108EE0C33D" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_leptostylus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
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||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="39" pageNumber="40">new rank</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||||
<treatment id="011563176425E937A9078C108EE0C33D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032766" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:011563176425E937A9078C108EE0C33D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/011563176425E937A9078C108EE0C33D" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
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||||
<subSubSection id="0C49FB8A6DA5FD3B089354D934072E2F" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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||||
<paragraph id="521C4C6D63475DDD2D16C24348DE7A65" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="425C6EDEA939C88927B738BF76E960BB" ID-CoL="5392P" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_leptostylus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
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||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2F97217E5B3075BB183CEE158DB93BC2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">new rank</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||||
Figs 17E19
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="15DC522E760F8983697FBDD70F1BBDC2" originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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||||
<subSubSection id="5B990E0D3969FBD70C93DF71F376CA41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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||||
<paragraph id="374A93BA5B5AB859200B5E9E4A6C1B16" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0918766A8C186220B2BA203FDECFA78C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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forma leptostyla Fisher, 1938: 514, pl. 52, figs, 1-3.
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</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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||||
<paragraph id="0C3C17FE34EC4995F7C220D80C20F0F2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="961B70BA39315F9B4B08F617B509451F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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Fisher, 1938: in part (pl. 50).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster moseleyanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyanus">Stylaster moseleyanus</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8D932CBCCF711EDCA36353BAAAF1DBBF" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="99435B8D0CAC945C2635D1095A3A297A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster moseleyanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyanus">Stylaster moseleyanus</taxonomicName>
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forma leptostylus.-
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="A9C55EC116D3047021853BDE504185EC" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
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: 429.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="C4D904AD3381E8FBF181064870028171" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="3688FC3027DD4607967F9BBBEA8187C8" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8D390E959EB491AE0066AADD4FD6AC83" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Holotype: Alb-3480, 1 dry male colony 8.5 cm in height, and SEM stub 1544, USNM 43270 (Fig. 17E). Paratypes: Alb-3480, 4 female, 2 male colonies, dry, and SEM stub 1536-38, USNM 76817. Type locality.Alb-3480:
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.1">52°06'00"N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="4C149C05C915C6BAACBF3F23BDC5F1BA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.1">52°06'00"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-171.75">171°45'00"W</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="0F43B764623B3E74145254D5406A521E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-171.75">171°45'00"W</geoCoordinate>
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(off Seguam Island, Amukta Pass), 518 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="4C3D9AF3B35BA660B3385369F249FE32" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="material examined">
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<paragraph id="B7494D6EF4CF4FD24119562882A01731" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="61A3BA17C7AACFCE7AD838DA43563463" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Types. Alb-3480, 2 female, 1 male colonies, dry, USNM 76555 (paratype of
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="C821F50025A4C00716A3CB02BEC9515E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection id="D07D1F78ECFF89A2F95A422563AC22B2" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5E11F87A3E0D0073042E9F9E8F093327" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D9949B2686E87988BFAD730456F512D1" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Corallum uniplanar, branching equal and dichotomous; no anastomosis of branches. Largest colony (the holotype, Fig. 17E) 8.5 cm in height and 7.0 cm in width, with a basal branch diameter of 8.4 mm. All branches circular in cross section. Commensal spionid polychaetes absent. Coenosteum reticulate-granular i
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<pageBreakToken pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">n</pageBreakToken>
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<pageBreakToken id="50BA18583264DA012948462AAAF6B4F9" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">n</pageBreakToken>
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texture, the coenosteal strips 45-55
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="8C6EB4BAB3C9309EF4506A1AD31F85F0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in width, the slits about 15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="2F6FFE3D5E7F29B7BCF53BCC099DEC65" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in width; strips; strips not linear near cyclosystems. Coenosteum white.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<paragraph id="12D9D8472F2F5B4C28483FAB9F2359DD" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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Cyclosystems occur on branch edges and anterior face, but rarely on posterior face, those on edges not aligned in rows. Cyclosystems circular, 1.0-1.1 mm in diameter, and raised only slightly above branch coenosteum. Gastropores about 0.35 mm in diameter, leading to a slightly curved, funnel-shaped upper tube that narrows to a cylindrical lower part that houses the gastrostyle (Fig. 19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="8BD18B3B4242B9B44A24DAA58E34C618" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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); ring palisade absent. Gastrostyles elongate-lanceolate, up to 0.6 mm in length, occupying lower half of gastropore tube, its pointed tip easily seen in an intact cyclosystem; H:D about 3.5.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">Dactylotomes</pageBreakToken>
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<paragraph id="EF76F148C42701A66F3CC910F6F0A13C" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<pageBreakToken id="7BCAE09266E501F5CED5458644B6A2BD" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">Dactylotomes</pageBreakToken>
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0.10-0.13 mm wide; dactylostyles moderate in size, elements up to 50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="DAD3CAE06D13E6D1912E2A6E1FF054BF" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in length. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem 7-12 (n = 50, average = 9.76 (σ = 1.92), mode = 9). Supernumerary dactylopores absent. Pseudosepta slender and fairly uniform in width (0.10-0.11 mm), an adcauline diastema of twice that width sometimes present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<paragraph id="04415226897C93FD3F3B262C32EB292A" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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Female ampullae (Fig. 19D) large, smooth, superficial hemispheres 0.9-1.1 mm in diameter, occasionally having a lateral efferent pore about 0.20 mm in diameter. Male ampullae (Fig. 19A) superficial swellings 0.45-0.55 mm in diameter, often clustered on anterior and posterior branch faces; apical efferent pores about 25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="46D3574027F797A3E782A60605A61DAA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0EDFE4C6946AEDDB24D7E8F1CC0B6D78" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="93A716F781BF65E29587CF07D63DEEAD" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4FF0CA27CE78F7C4A35757F097A24391" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D9AC08DCB70CAA0DF19BCE1298640339" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
originally differentiated forma leptostyla from typical
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="57A5FCF7F42E90FC198D71EF376A2161" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(=
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="03B343146CC66BA5A35610E026D25BA1" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) based on its more slender gastrostyle and smaller male ampullae. We cannot find a difference in ampulla size between forma leptostyla and typical
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DBDB07F092181871988B1475250B9470" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but the gastrostyle of leptostyla is longer and more slender than that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="276D9CF35B245DE5F526575D87B638F9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, occupying more of the gastropore tube (and thus having a higher H:D ratio) and being more visible from external view. In addition to this difference, forma leptostyla differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B50F70BD143AC4CC7BE64CE46D2D0ECF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having equal, non-anastomosing branching; branches circular in cross section; less exsert cyclosystems; non-linearly arranged cyclosystems; fewer dactylopores per cyclosystem; and consistently reticulate coenosteal strips (see Table 2). For these reasons this form is elevated to species rank but is considered to be closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F6C098DA77BB80ABB331480CA9C70668" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Known only from type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="60CB5976C51AA38C0F5FEF30C5C8EF74" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B0B25835CB051A1B8F802941A10D2C06" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="010B671619CB2D1D519011979167BF92" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Known only from type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="CF511470D2EF8532E326BF5510AC56B8" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<paragraph id="58AB6CFCCAF4EDF55392ED5F4F7924F3" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
Figure 19.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2A29CF8F25E55664C6ECFE841ADB506" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="821BA7A1A3705074E83ACB3B1457A54E" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–I">D-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F3FB434342BB4D2C8175E2E83A150A8E" originalValue="D–I">D-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
paratypes from USNM 76817, C holotype, USNM 43270: A stereo view of a male branch B a cyclosystem C gastrostyle D stereo view of a gastrostyle and female ampullae
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BEF9A02A549C084F920EC363BF430FE4" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||||
coenosteal texture
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E2533299CDF1F6F3D6A213FD48E77D56" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
gastrostyle I two dactylostyles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,399 +1,399 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032756" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2F68D286E8EFD029D644752DC54E417B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F68D286E8EFD029D644752DC54E417B" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<treatment id="2F68D286E8EFD029D644752DC54E417B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032756" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2F68D286E8EFD029D644752DC54E417B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F68D286E8EFD029D644752DC54E417B" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
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|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Errinopora" authority="Fisher, 1931" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1931" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora Fisher, 1931</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicName id="3EBBE1D86625ADC3467A0536B3006484" ID-CoL="7NZ3C" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Errinopora" authority="Fisher, 1931" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1931" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora Fisher, 1931</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BDF5D9E575A09E58652726D5F44B8005" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A8BE2CB7C1D06817FF69D8146AFC6780" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="200D79B7ECA57AEBFC6ED5ECD97B0379" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1931: 397;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D835FD466708390BD1D01B6163FAD052" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 536.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Boschma 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B5D1BD6590F177DEA0B3CF3BF46320E6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Boschma 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: F102;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C630B3AD89604182B09468F0183E5F95" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 57.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="61 - 163" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.1029/AR038p0061" volume="38" year="1983 a">Cairns 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6DB7A0551F7B3C9F6A810D0F7255EC28" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="61 - 163" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.1029/AR038p0061" volume="38" year="1983 a">Cairns 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 123;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3134F35499EEF795D9CA2E4C15047381" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 462. -
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lindner, A" journalOrPublisher="PhD thesis, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Duke University" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Evolution and Taxonomy of Stylasterid Corals (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae)." year="2005">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BF2C788D497893F8F721C01B5A48DE27" author="Lindner, A" journalOrPublisher="PhD thesis, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Duke University" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Evolution and Taxonomy of Stylasterid Corals (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae)." year="2005">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 79-88.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Protoerrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protoerrina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Protoerrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1E14B41E1BAC8F64433487E00E7532A1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="24821BAFA2E8A6A575BB59B402AA08A9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Protoerrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protoerrina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Protoerrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Broch, 1935: 59;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 103" title="Untersuchungen an Stylasteriden (Hydrokorallen). Teil 1. Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. 1." volume="8" year="1936">1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A05699E94881102F45EF4DB95BF46A2F" author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 103" title="Untersuchungen an Stylasteriden (Hydrokorallen). Teil 1. Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. 1." volume="8" year="1936">1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 99-100.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D1D208F19E1D8AF191883B0A34263F33" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1FA49103034BFE72671B053A6166A171" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="28EE18171446A94FB8FB8965796DB4E1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
(emended from
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9A322FA596ED1AFFBD8537DA657BE20E" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
): Colonies uniplanar to slightly bushy; branches round, elliptical, or lamellar in cross section, often robust with blunt tips. Coenosteal texture reticulate-spinose (with wide slits resulting in a spongy texture) or reticulate-granular; exterior surface of dactylopore spines usually inconspicuously longitudinally ridged; coenosteum orange, pink, and white. One species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporina">Errinopora cestoporina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6A462D71DAF875F641E5A7581C018F3E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporina">Errinopora cestoporina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, bears numerous perforated mounds on surface. Dactylopores dimorphic, the most common, termed the primary dactylopore spine, is U-shaped and usually robust (thick-walled), occurring randomly, in pseudocyclosystems, or often laterally fusing to form rows or taller terraces that flank rows of gastropores. When dactylopore spines flank both sides of a gastropore row and their dactylotomes are directed toward the gastropores it is termed bilateral or distichoporine; if only one row of spines flank a row of gastropores, then unilateral. If isolated, dactylotomes usually abcauline in orientation. Much smaller flush dactylopores, termed secondary dactylopores, which lack dactylostyles, commonly scattered over coenosteum of many species. Dactylostyles usually well developed, easily seen from external view. Secondary dactylopores much smaller, flush with coenosteum, and lack styles. Gastropores also dimorphic, the primary gastropores being circular in outline, flush with coenosteum (having no lip), and arranged in irregular vertical rows, short horizontal rows, or randomly. Tabulae and ring palisades absent. Gastrostyles lanceolate, covered with longitudinal or oblique, spiny ridges. Smaller secondary gastropores much smaller, having only a small gastrostyle or none at all. Female ampullae superficial hemispheres, often without an obvious efferent pore. Male ampullae usually smaller hemispheres and spongy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="64285C71C253B7167450AEDB54FCB56E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="22D572CDE6BAFF76EAA7D3024E03EE22" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E40DB9E691801D7FEAA11406F310D70C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
The ten species in this genus are differentiated and compared in both a dichotomous key (see below) and tabular key (Table 1); six of them occur exclusively in the Aleutian Islands. Another species was tentatively assigned to this genus by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D70A957B7A8ED2573856694500F5E886" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora lobata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lobata">Errinopora lobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CC3056DD839790A7F04A7764F68A1BD9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora lobata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lobata">Errinopora lobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Nielsen, 1919), a Paleocene fossil from Denmark. This species was re-examined by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bernecker, M" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="103 - 138" title="The Danian (Paleocene) coral limestone of Fakse, Denmark: a model for ancient aphotic, azooxanthellate coral mounds." url="doi: 10.1007/BF02536947" volume="22" year="1990">Bernecker and Weidlich (1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6AAF893EE47BB1B031E84E01E98BFE65" author="Bernecker, M" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="103 - 138" title="The Danian (Paleocene) coral limestone of Fakse, Denmark: a model for ancient aphotic, azooxanthellate coral mounds." url="doi: 10.1007/BF02536947" volume="22" year="1990">Bernecker and Weidlich (1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bernecker, M" editor="Freiwald, A" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Springer-Verlag, Berlin" url="doi: 10.1007/3-540-27673-4_1" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="511524057DE65DB79F7039FA94310E8F" author="Bernecker, M" editor="Freiwald, A" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Springer-Verlag, Berlin" url="doi: 10.1007/3-540-27673-4_1" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), based on subsequently collected non-type material from the Faske Formation in Denmark. They noted that whereas the dactylopore spines were typical of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C5D9504B4717A4C3F85CF94B30737F91" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DCDAAE580BEC84B05338DD7DF60AC10F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the spines did not contain dactylostyles, and thus resembled
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="36CC4842F010D996BBE8A9AB501D678E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
more than
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BFA49E9A6C6A75833B6F39161FA452B7" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. We have examined the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Labiopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Labiopora lobata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lobata">Labiopora lobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="10EA7C2ABBB8DC8C8E1D3B559F862E6F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Labiopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Labiopora lobata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lobata">Labiopora lobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Nielsen, 1919 (GM1782), which is a uniplanar colony 10.2 cm tall and 8.0 cm wide, with branches about 0.5 cm in diameter embedded within a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Dendrophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrophyllia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Dendrophyllia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5D0C7DCFEB65622D0D379312BF5FABC2" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Dendrophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrophyllia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Dendrophyllia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
matrix. The colony has pores, or broken bulges, of three sizes: small and elongate (75-110
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="04A385E402132F76A465328BCE6BC2AE" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in width), medium and round to somewhat quadratic (0.3-0.53 mm wide), and large, round or somewhat triangular
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="089A7B63058DA501911624600A050EAA" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
up to 1.7 mm). The former are quite shallow and probably the result of a reticulate coenosteal surface, whereas the medium-sized pores are deep and possibly represent the gastropores, one of which has a cyclosystem-like structure 1.9 mm in diameter. The largest pores appear to be ruptured ampullae. None of them, however, resemble dactylopore spines like those reported by Nielsen (1919) or
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bernecker, M" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="103 - 138" title="The Danian (Paleocene) coral limestone of Fakse, Denmark: a model for ancient aphotic, azooxanthellate coral mounds." url="doi: 10.1007/BF02536947" volume="22" year="1990">Bernecker and Weidlich (1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="56813EB90937A5CE50AF1FA26CB8ED9C" author="Bernecker, M" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="103 - 138" title="The Danian (Paleocene) coral limestone of Fakse, Denmark: a model for ancient aphotic, azooxanthellate coral mounds." url="doi: 10.1007/BF02536947" volume="22" year="1990">Bernecker and Weidlich (1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bernecker, M" editor="Freiwald, A" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Springer-Verlag, Berlin" url="doi: 10.1007/3-540-27673-4_1" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CC3035ADA5C5F6E3039F1605740F3FF8" author="Bernecker, M" editor="Freiwald, A" journalOrPublisher="Facies" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Springer-Verlag, Berlin" url="doi: 10.1007/3-540-27673-4_1" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), suggesting that the species reported by the latter authors is neither
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32B90C4EEE94C0C9CB9C6494D3911841" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
nor
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="59DE5C157BD6994DAA63C2D54D07A72D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Likewise, the lack of dactylopore spines in the type of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Labiopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Labiopora lobata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lobata">Labiopora lobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="021ADD34AD9769D78916020A4C7F6491" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Labiopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Labiopora lobata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lobata">Labiopora lobata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
precludes it from being
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9298C6F80601E21D161049F4CE057B10" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and thus we currently suggest an incertae sedis placement of this species until further analysis.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<paragraph id="80214C3DCFCB3424FE2D60396210D3B1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Species within
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="89FE60F985DE16964685C75465A05E38" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are unique with the
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Stylasteridae" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="family">Stylasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="31CD35DBB1344A6BCB9AC21FC3167360" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Stylasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having both dimorphic gastro- and dactylopores, a condition first noted by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="134A16FC31E120EF2AFC88EED0B96DE2" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
for three Alaskan species but interpreted exclusively as secondary dactylopores. Careful examination of longitudinal sections of several of these pores reveal that they contain not dactylostyles, but rather small gastrostyles. This implies that most species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="010C9AA2285BBF0D9C633D3E21F3D753" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(all but
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisheri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">Errinopora fisheri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0B374D1FF3E91AF97F3468FC6043C5D1" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisheri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">Errinopora fisheri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporina">Errinopora cestoporina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D52146BAFB55F12BA187165880DF478E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporina">Errinopora cestoporina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Cairns, 1983, see Table 1) have two types of gastrozooids (feeding polyps), a unique case for stylasterids but previously reported for the hydractiniids
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Hydractiniidae" genus="Stylactaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylactaria conchicola" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="conchicola">Stylactaria conchicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DEEB58B534C72DAF8597CD34EC10F923" class="Hydrozoa" family="Hydractiniidae" genus="Stylactaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylactaria conchicola" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="conchicola">Stylactaria conchicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Namikawa, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Experimental Marine Biology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="65 - 75" title="Role of the tentaculozooids of the polymorphic hydroid Stylactaria conchicola (Yamada) in interactions with some epifaunal space competitors." url="doi: 10.1016/0022-0981(92)90125-T" volume="62" year="1992">Namikawa et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A810BE60A1D386C32AAA03246B3823C0" author="Namikawa, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Experimental Marine Biology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="65 - 75" title="Role of the tentaculozooids of the polymorphic hydroid Stylactaria conchicola (Yamada) in interactions with some epifaunal space competitors." url="doi: 10.1016/0022-0981(92)90125-T" volume="62" year="1992">Namikawa et al. 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Secondary gastropores differ from primary gastropores in being narrower and deeper, and in having only a minute or no gastrostyle. All but one species (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisheri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">Errinopora fisheri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CFE37F4234C845D51E6BCB01F299002C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisheri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">Errinopora fisheri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, see Table 1) also have dimorphic dactylopores: a large type surrounded by a prominent horseshoe-shaped spine, and smaller, flush pores only 40-110
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DD6255C52C08425D3941CA8F4A8F2E81" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter, which do not have dactylostyles and are termed secondary dactylopores.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9908EF5BD4247BC8DBBCD1109BC5FB9A" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
In comparison to other stylasterid genera,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="74DAFA7071431D93BBF5F0BE65C91B51" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is most similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Gyropora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyropora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Gyropora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7BCC27776744C639FFA3F0F29006DC2A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Gyropora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyropora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Gyropora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Boschma, 1960, whose only species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Gyropora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyropora africana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="africana">Gyropora africana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F7B6810D971D1B0BB3A933EEA4C52AE2" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Gyropora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gyropora africana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="africana">Gyropora africana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Boschma, 1960, has dactylopore spines and gastropores coordinated in pore rows, as in some species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="651FD004F5E50F4377E967C9887A5239" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9071D504825783F66C4F847822B9FBF3" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B42C6E46D67B0152C961A47375EAA19E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Gray, 1835 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopsis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BD02D657CA97863CE93184E13AA00A37" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopsis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Broch, 1935, whose species may also have thick-walled dactylopore spines. None of these genera, however, include species with dactylostyles, as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="18F068F9DE41AB31C5D4BA6953B5B19D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Among genera with species having dactylostyles, only species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B6469B175CB295903241E785B00D36D9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Inferiolabiata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Inferiolabiata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Inferiolabiata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17A612C67147782252AA81786F172E3F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Inferiolabiata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Inferiolabiata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Inferiolabiata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Broch, 1951, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Paraerrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraerrina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraerrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A1F00C63A1379E091947F0CF5CF9F458" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Paraerrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraerrina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraerrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Broch, 1942 lack a coordination of gastropores and dactylopores in well-developed cyclosystems (whereas species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stenohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenohelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stenohelia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="892E79BD5F7C3CF7CC941A7B1B765EAE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stenohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stenohelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stenohelia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Kent, 1870,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="016B885BAFF58BBDDC089E798C88675F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1931,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="987C7BD00EB5DA2E8838591753AA308C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Gray, 1831 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Calyptopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calyptopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Calyptopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DDC80922108BA7582373F3C182D8FC9D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Calyptopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Calyptopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Calyptopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Boschma, 1968 do have both dactylostyles and well-developed cyclosystems).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Inferiolabiata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Inferiolabiata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Inferiolabiata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BCFAA04D71BBF30AEFD69271C846F850" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Inferiolabiata" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Inferiolabiata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Inferiolabiata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="30AA50D187ED47B9DFC8EAA3B1C5F3A5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in many characters, in particular by having thin-walled dactylopore spines (instead of thick-walled) that are markedly truncated at the tip (instead of rounded), whereas
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Paraerrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraerrina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraerrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="31FB36594C5139AEBDF850EBDAE4669D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Paraerrina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paraerrina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Paraerrina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Broch, 1942 differs in having delicate dactylostyles (instead of robust) and either flush or only slightly raised dactylopore spines-instead of tall and robust (Cairns 1984,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="383 - 388" title="Cyclohelia lamellata, new genus and species of Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bering Sea." volume="45" year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0A2C9A7472F2588D81C38A161ABB5EC4" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="383 - 388" title="Cyclohelia lamellata, new genus and species of Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bering Sea." volume="45" year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6B1E38664442D033D5176CE00671329E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also one of the few stylasterid genera with species having calcitic, rather than aragonitic, colonies (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F3CC50062DD935E310C6A1435D7717DB" author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="05BB74B33F673EC8344A0A573471F962" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1058456508D85CCE9E04A7C2F3D82A37" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The only other stylasterid genera with species known to have mostly calcitic colonies are
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopsis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B74F7AC18EB47EC988EAFBC47F4ED22F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopsis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="78D4F85349A570F994AA42D01AA73173" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and one species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8E0CDCF66419AD7DD4109BEE1A117E4" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5665556DB9FC17436709EF8EE75D2D48" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Dall, 1884) (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2F6FDC55225463F7E4339FBD527BE750" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Within
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="393E8222432E255A18C052350AF54A6E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, only
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporina">Errinopora cestoporina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11593C7AD96ABBA561E55DCDCEADD288" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporina">Errinopora cestoporina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, known solely from the
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Subantarctic</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="2C872BB316A8A65525E7AA58C1AD2073" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Subantarctic</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
Region, is known to have coralla formed by precipitation of aragonite. This result confirms the more general observation of the prevalence of calcitic stylasterids in the North Pacific (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="08CAAD94BB43F2F7316B0F51CF194949" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), possibly related to the shallower depth of the Aragonite Saturation Horizon (ASH) in the Region (Guinotte et al. 2006).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0746DB27E37F344A4738EC156FD9E494" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
In an attempt to investigate phylogenetic relationships, 37 partial mitochondrial rDNA 16S sequences were obtained for the six species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3205E9DBCEBBEAE676F86B4ABF5364A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Aleutian Islands, including the holotypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7A4CCE4A98F826EE9338FE556BA5119B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora disticha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">Errinopora disticha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9D58F9B011C3405611DDDE2B6D17519B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora disticha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">Errinopora disticha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisheri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">Errinopora fisheri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5B1FD5A43613172A7C639E0573E304B6" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisheri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">Errinopora fisheri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DD79F480F18DA45F148C9D69873FA7FF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lindner et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="ABDFB773261637B82C56664E53D70F50" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lindner et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
included
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="28FCA5D72B74D532A2E9445C0665D741" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(specimen USNM1027820) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E03897A8AA1502BEBBF87DD133FA7DEE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938 (specimen USNM1071915), and shows that these species diverged only about 4 million years ago. Moreover, the same study shows that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8836A0090617C355D69DBAE7A4FA7F95" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Cairns, 1991 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DF45E4DDCF7CBC62C8A368E017CC1408" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938, two sympatric Alaskan stylasterids that are also clearly distinguishable with marked morphological differences (see above), may have diverged as recently as 1 million years ago. These results indicate that part of stylasterid species diversity in Alaska may have diverged only within the past 1-4 million years and, at least for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C6C4D074EC95C27AE33F2599503D69EE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the results presented herein show that despite the marked morphological differences, some species are not recovered as reciprocally monophyletic lineages (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Baum and Shaw 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="427D4A51739D4A6BE64F80B9089A7CE1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Baum and Shaw 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Avise, JC" journalOrPublisher="Harvard University Press, Cambridge" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Phylogeography: the history and formation of species, second edition." year="2000">Avise 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="40F3E3F968917BA166F69F6D997CE357" author="Avise, JC" journalOrPublisher="Harvard University Press, Cambridge" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Phylogeography: the history and formation of species, second edition." year="2000">Avise 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) using mitochondrial rDNA 16S.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina pourtalesii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesii">Errina pourtalesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="519E26E2D433E0D86EBF8FBF6D483163" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AE2A7071E944F42D5827587D9462CD4F" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B9509082CF403792DA412B50F1A52FB" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6855632FD7812A02101D99C2A241E323" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errina pourtalesii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesii">Errina pourtalesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Dall, 1884, by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">North Pacific: Aleutian Islands, Kurile Islands, Sea of Okhotsk, Sea of Japan, off California. Subantarctic: off Tierra del Fuego, 40-658 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0C67AFCCE2135C8969D09EF54B81FB6D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B051347376C1C49DF2B72DC9AA5BB449" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E01F10C5B7D2E84DCB58EDAFF2E481B3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">North Pacific: Aleutian Islands, Kurile Islands, Sea of Okhotsk, Sea of Japan, off California. Subantarctic: off Tierra del Fuego, 40-658 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="D2B6E3109704F5A79EC10C1E546833D6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6F515FE8132D5B2D330DAE703F2DD3B6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Table 1. Tabular Key of the Ten Species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F54BA21CFCA8CFAD351C37A030B8BC3D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(pscs = pseudocyclsosystems)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<table pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2CFA2F4B5E9D7BB3F52B30C8F6BD05C8" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<table id="34627AFDCED93F020C73FF060BCCE9E4" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<tr id="F951754F8636061097D650CE0650A842" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<th id="D47E726E35AD6C131285B7953DFFE283" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
i
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisher" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisher">Errinopora fisher</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CA0B3F679386008C2EF6E4030381DC6B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisher" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisher">Errinopora fisher</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<th id="4BBC174BBC8736B931AFB16355DCECF7" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporin" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporin">Errinopora cestoporin</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="83CB46812AD393378F617314F3701902" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporin" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporin">Errinopora cestoporin</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<th id="17C5B98FBF1F0B12BD147871FE9ED73E" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora porifer" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porifer">Errinopora porifer</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0ECCA4B529B8A0B9F4115E3BCD4B75CC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora porifer" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porifer">Errinopora porifer</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<th id="5AE1C2B4771AEDEC7085A93534E47BBE" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulat" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulat">Errinopora undulat</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1C78A757D66F2D8AA353EB582D849D46" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulat" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulat">Errinopora undulat</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<th id="A1D61940ED0A1CB58E73799B7AE76864" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora distich" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="distich">Errinopora distich</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64A26E3AB10FB33594048D2F0F1847E7" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora distich" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="distich">Errinopora distich</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<th id="F123100799B3B0BF5537504161B6A9E7" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
i
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora pourtalesi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesi">Errinopora pourtalesi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="22C7CAEF84D1B39452D86AABC4C8F75F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora pourtalesi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesi">Errinopora pourtalesi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<th id="1245956B4747827BB4489BBD5276D707" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora stylifer" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stylifer">Errinopora stylifer</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3536003B94C8C162794261B325EF1D8" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora stylifer" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stylifer">Errinopora stylifer</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<th id="20F2A29A32A54CBC4184E9DB97A55BCF" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhynch" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhynch">Errinopora zarhynch</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="30DB003FE3B688F67A52E47345EB7D33" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhynch" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhynch">Errinopora zarhynch</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<th id="585BEACF6CA00FF66E6A3EDAA65904D0" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nannec" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nannec">Errinopora nannec</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="715E4DEC9826388678BE948EB1075A4D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nannec" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nannec">Errinopora nannec</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<th id="206FCA947B35B57FFD5DACAFA77CCA68" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
||||
a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotom" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotom">Errinopora dichotom</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C3899A0F7AD1FE64FB57766AE212803B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotom" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotom">Errinopora dichotom</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Dactylopore Spines</th>
|
||||
<tr id="5B1676FE3AD4F2CDB6E42A444112DBFB" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<th id="715594C64824A4941DAD0BA97AF4FED0" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Dactylopore Spines</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Corallum</td>
|
||||
<tr id="0BF303A9914AE6C3AAB0E26B3D72178B" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<td id="F1736CF2FF9C6CB85EE9AABA9F76EB38" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Corallum</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Other Characters</td>
|
||||
<tr id="E1EF666880010DF7229330BE9C6F60F0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<td id="0E4E0EBAB3D0E63D8A5B08E28B04A0D1" colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Other Characters</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="key to the recent species of errinopora">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Key to the Recent species of Errinopora (bold face = occurs off Alaska)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<table pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisheri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Errinopora</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E25DD6FBD3C4B9A664B0509D96D5B584" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="key to the recent species of errinopora">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A1252060F6981AB9E9F874A4BE99B756" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Key to the Recent species of Errinopora (bold face = occurs off Alaska)</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0A3F0E1B7BD971D1A03619AAC8E32F26" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<table id="2D0DB83F0FEFE2CDB727F4AF44A84E24" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<tr id="0987EB87C707EA2CF282B94EF344D858" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="05A0CA942C2731F7BE50D7853A408CE8" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F8726F3C2CD326340CFE22A83DED0CAA" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora fisheri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fisheri">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="C793C973A22B1D979A5B9D6D56419DAF" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Errinopora</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
fisheri
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporina">Errinopora cestoporina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="F8EF3E307393A18B6E196BF6B458CA47" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="D3B86DE2972514300F10A52E00DF9685" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D74AC3FB53591CB556FE7BBFAE3872AA" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora cestoporina" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cestoporina">Errinopora cestoporina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora porifera" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porifera">Errinopora porifera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="ECFC3C8B76D91701EBB3CB9A5349C74F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="F9EB0CF57B9703B3A2B55911A40B3876" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B5B91CB4CA0BB57254574E89DCBFFC65" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora porifera" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porifera">Errinopora porifera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="EB3A7B3391AA3897E347C5BCB4E3E353" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="881F3FBCEB90B2287D8A69912ED5ECF2" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="208A807C3C5F33235BEF7D8AD92D88C4" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="CB9F4D940A523D2584FAD7C056C6DE49" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="7E04DD48BC82F560583D9A7B4280BA01" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="47565638F85F42E2E726BA56C3B6FC3F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora disticha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">Errinopora disticha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="1792E4B79264553A60459DFF6863A6D5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="F173082B46F15065120164811A02E68B" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AEC5458CB0681B18C9C69F2E421AB574" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora disticha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="disticha">Errinopora disticha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora pourtalesii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesii">Errinopora pourtalesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="BBA7ABEE2F768C5C94A18C127386F316" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="6DC5D827BA8D757926571E042D6C0F59" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DC88647EC99E453B6BE75F3F8CE8A55E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora pourtalesii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesii">Errinopora pourtalesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora stylifera" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stylifera">Errinopora stylifera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="5F35F17ED2F641890E8CFB9B0271A31A" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="160234CB0E629450EC28FF545FE5DACD" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2321BB197374A8C1CA281764D45A1B49" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora stylifera" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stylifera">Errinopora stylifera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="78BC4A31280F95E3C7DAE073AA952C11" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="60E7100AD413937D553D115FDF3C4A48" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="24840BF68F50B64CB33B8E4EE3BB0377" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="76205EE85EA07096425FB15C22DA8B26" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="85B96FC2753A940C24FD55DD1C0CE848" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E28A10C9AF36D200F9C9732C2A6D977B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<tr id="8FB51318FA4FF6EDB3ED541A4C787F1F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<td id="F0F4F53CA1C75E5DD587B7E2816F523C" colspan="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="743599D1B2925C1591A369BE9177BF44" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">Figure</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<caption id="1D273342ECA6979E9AA41C095568079C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<paragraph id="57C6D194F6899723A22593F6D352DD08" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="B6CF3F4AC810F69ACF4D72DFC4B4A1E0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">Figure</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
4. Midpoint rooting phylogeny of the Alaskan species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="832F1A56814C084CB0962A205B6A691D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Errinopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
estimated using mitochondrial rDNA 16S sequences. Numbers at nodes are the result of 100 bootstrap pseudoreplicates whenever>70. Shown is one of six most parsimonious trees (length: 38; CI: 0.868). Numbers preceded by
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘USNM’">'USNM'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="443A28E92E38731B885B4F1701D478D3" originalValue="‘USNM’">'USNM'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
represent specimen catalog numbers at the United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution. Numbers preceded by
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘EU’">'EU'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E4931E7D63972DAE7268AB0A095D2102" originalValue="‘EU’">'EU'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘JN’">'JN'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B133FC55DB7ACE97B767C47B1B2A98FA" originalValue="‘JN’">'JN'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
represent GenBank accession numbers. Asterisks (*) indicate the two specimens and rDNA 16S sequences of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4165562822B7DBA76E04E6905A4D533C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="91D793CBDB8BE76F40DC8085D68624F0" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
previously published by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Lindner et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="111AFD14E34ED43675C2BD71369834AD" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Lindner et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,84 +1,84 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032745" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:384ACC7AD3DD9A3FB7A2247C50EF7CDD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/384ACC7AD3DD9A3FB7A2247C50EF7CDD" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<treatment id="384ACC7AD3DD9A3FB7A2247C50EF7CDD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032745" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:384ACC7AD3DD9A3FB7A2247C50EF7CDD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/384ACC7AD3DD9A3FB7A2247C50EF7CDD" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
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|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster" authority="Gray, 1831" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster Gray, 1831</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="551F3FA3B6AF450F5C34DCF4F085618F" ID-CoL="7Q384" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster" authority="Gray, 1831" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1831" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster Gray, 1831</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Colonies branching in a flabellum or a bush shape (in only one case lamellate). Coenosteum usually reticulate-granular but may be linear-imbricate; coenosteum of many colors and hardness. Gastro- and dactylopores arranged in conventional cyclosystem arrangement, with only one gastrostyle per cyclosystem; pores of the peripheral type; supernumerary dactylopores often present. Cyclosystems arranged on branch edges and/or on corallum faces, or uniformly on all branch surfaces, but not unifacially. Gastropore tube single-chambered, but may be constricted by a ring palisade. Dactylostyles present. Ampullae usually superficial.</paragraph>
|
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<subSubSection id="A987742875089A563DD5C46ED61AA19B" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
|
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<paragraph id="DE4312C96FAD882698B32B1B626BD3D5" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2E07B05F2D7ECDA11C09FCBF26340B89" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Colonies branching in a flabellum or a bush shape (in only one case lamellate). Coenosteum usually reticulate-granular but may be linear-imbricate; coenosteum of many colors and hardness. Gastro- and dactylopores arranged in conventional cyclosystem arrangement, with only one gastrostyle per cyclosystem; pores of the peripheral type; supernumerary dactylopores often present. Cyclosystems arranged on branch edges and/or on corallum faces, or uniformly on all branch surfaces, but not unifacially. Gastropore tube single-chambered, but may be constricted by a ring palisade. Dactylostyles present. Ampullae usually superficial.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DA65F96FA890D54AC62AB0AA88C793FB" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7A7A71A484FAA5E8C053DB5755B4014C" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D292087482F909B66EAA63F152E7DD40" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
The genus and its various grouping are discussed by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0DB162DAFE4627ECACA37D7FD6763CC5" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and a key to all stylasterid genera, including the groups of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BE1E47212FA3CD983AE3709BB1291B62" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, is provided by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="538 - 545" title="A generic revision of the Stylasteridae (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 3. Keys to the genera." volume="49" year="1992">Cairns (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="49DDD7CC2596E2D0A39082B702AE9968" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="538 - 545" title="A generic revision of the Stylasteridae (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 3. Keys to the genera." volume="49" year="1992">Cairns (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Currently there are 80 recognized Recent species and 7 fossil species (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A8178A87A95DC9321A1D8806CC887A02" author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: WoRMS data base: www.marinespecies.org). It is by far the most species-rich and diverse genus of the stylasterids.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Madrepora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madrepora roseus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roseus">Madrepora roseus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="948008318514A0BA1B80ECE958AD7E18" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9DAA62FBE00FAFF2D3E643F9C8E078FE" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B3524F9BA6696C6B8ED4A5A663B03C02" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="19954E9130C5E091B6BD6E61743EB5C7" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Madrepora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madrepora roseus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roseus">Madrepora roseus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Pallas, 1766, by subsequent designation (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Milne Edwards and Haime 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E62CF27DA1456BD529112864D1A6E274" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Milne Edwards and Haime 1850</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: xxii), a member of Group B.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6C8AB093AAB81A24E3B9AE07632769BE" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3DF6E819B6EF0FBA510BD1B035FC07BA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A29C0DFEA15AC63FB733184EF9E31D90" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
Oligocene to Recent: cosmopolitan from depths of 0-2010 m (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="538 - 545" title="A generic revision of the Stylasteridae (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 3. Keys to the genera." volume="49" year="1992">Cairns 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B08A29847AC61844900C536FF96506F6" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="538 - 545" title="A generic revision of the Stylasteridae (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 3. Keys to the genera." volume="49" year="1992">Cairns 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="65A90EFC0B5E5808CE7327E9E2C5118A" author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
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||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:44D15D5D3ADEC4AEB5ABA490F9940953" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/44D15D5D3ADEC4AEB5ABA490F9940953" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_trachystomus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="41" pageNumber="42">new rank</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
<treatment id="44D15D5D3ADEC4AEB5ABA490F9940953" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:44D15D5D3ADEC4AEB5ABA490F9940953" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/44D15D5D3ADEC4AEB5ABA490F9940953" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="88855A2C6DBF4F3AAA04CA1766C7A8F6" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3353FEC5A87A351EC0F66CA8CDC476BB" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="84FE096F27D01D1B478D15007F37A703" ID-CoL="53945" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_trachystomus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C691A29C0DDC7439BB555077B6C64222" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">new rank</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figs 17H20
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–M">A-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7433386833AE1DE59A9B5BBF8D1685A3" originalValue="A–M">A-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. trachystoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="trachystoma">Allopora campyleca trachystoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="349BAA77E2B812CEE07BF2D43A331D39" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D3D4B9C8A2792C0D530D9DE305D24F8E" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4D6F4F9BCC37EDCD767E8A8FFC69513E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. trachystoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="trachystoma">Allopora campyleca trachystoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 510-511, pl. 45, fig. 2, pl. 46, pl. 54, figs 1-1b.-?
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2C09CC2C34CBFF16C2CA0CBC8A7A2FF6" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 579.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="66CAA512E475BED477F3D84E97E1C32D" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 382 (mineralogy).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus subsp. trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campylecus" subSpecies="trachystomus">Stylaster campylecus trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2E742E75E1ADD4DD5DE9E9D15923A93A" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6168665F9E32524C95E81FB15574EA35" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus subsp. trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campylecus" subSpecies="trachystomus">Stylaster campylecus trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4B9F6F1BFB45DE2FC24ED104366C5DAF" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="979AA5AE1A1EAB8C09E2EEE936753044" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 100-101 (mineralogy).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="953F815F6D8F35B8BB8E7D8242EF25F8" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 27.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3BB5A952C1E2FFFD978F717226FD7669" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 134 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8B24ED412FE5D5A003183F0254125FE0" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="337B0E3A302D472DAB69A7CA1D30CE25" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A51C847D438B62225D5E93FB79D0B236" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F085AF6BE5B9DFEA16660430A58EE7CA" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
Holotype: Alb-4784, 1 dry female colony 9 cm in height, and SEM stubs 1516, 1541, USNM 43265 (Fig. 17H). Paratypes: Alb-4784, 2 female, 2 male, 1 indet. colonies, and SEM stub 1517-18, dry, USNM 76811. Type locality.Alb-4784:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.92778">52°55'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5E269248664C36F5D5975A95D61AB7A8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.92778">52°55'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="173.43333">173°26'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="13108457EC36005DBEC25E941ABB4D4C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="173.43333">173°26'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(off East Cape, Attu Island, Aleutians), 247 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5ABD27E4B59CA5FE69EEC5A5C37B5D1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="630CCD746799B6E3CCFB7C59C5997290" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="397219198104F72ADCF5A02FD339C53B" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
Types; Delta 5999-8E-3,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.3507">51°21.042'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FED13E0E920F98697547783A4CF6489B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.3507">51°21.042'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-179.50806">179°30.483'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E31A1E1B7DF6DE694092166B8B117B3E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-179.50806">179°30.483'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 115 m, 4 Jul 2003, 1 male, AB10-0001; Delta 6230
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–20–">-20-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D3BDDED97AB90528DE7C678C13259EC3" originalValue="–20–">-20-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
18,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="52.469032">52°28.142'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FECBEBDE9C27E9833133C1703F807D4A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="52.469032">52°28.142'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-173.59804">173°35.882'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="913663F5CF4CBE4EA97B5D70122B4D63" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-173.59804">173°35.882'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 190 m, 8 Jul 2004, 5 male branch fragments in alcohol, AB10-0004; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="54.9015">54°54.09'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F95D43DD07F5E0C38C933A77F36483B5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="54.9015">54°54.09'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="178.62117">178°37.27'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="561EC1A7784D7F8099017F1B159474BE" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="178.62117">178°37.27'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 366 m, 11 Feb 2000, 1 female, 2 male, AB00-45.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F2C26F8DE535FA29CA93D8D978D9E5DC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="612D05B83D3D651CBD4A36AF624DE092" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="0363D23464A851CD7AA1C303A7C916CD" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5535F55E92248E49F4FDEF2248C0FE48" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Corallum uniplanar, occasionally with short side branches oriented perpendicular to flabellum; branch anastomosis occurs only in large-diameter basal branches. Largest colony (paratype) 12 cm tall and 8 cm wide, with a basal branch diameter of 3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="044B8B6465233522B286E289EBF54FC3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.5 cm. Distal branches circular to slightly flattened in cross section. Commensal spionid worm tubes common. Coenosteum reticulate-granular in texture, the coenosteal strips 70-80
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5032E1211F2B555C281655A573DE96EB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide, the slits discontinuous and about 10-15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E6DFA8F9FE6B66CC7C5655762F83D212" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide, the small granules producing a rough texture. On exsert cyclosystems, coenosteal strips are parallel and straight. Most coralla bear some short coenosteal ridges, called "spinous outgrowths" by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D8A743F28F181FE1F8AED3FB5F4D6C46" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 511), these thin ridges aligned with the branch (up to 1 mm long, 1 mm tall, and only 0.1 mm in width) or aligned with some of the pseudosepta on exterior wall of a cyclosystem (Fig. 20
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5F7F1C4EAE4B483DF319E88856E6045B" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Coenosteum pale pink-orange.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1EF758F785F4F06AAECEC27EEC04FDE0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Cyclosystems arranged uniformly on branches, not linearly, but fewer in number on posterior face. Cyclosystems rarely circular in shape, rather elliptical or asymmetrical, the longer axis of the ellipse up to 1.8 mm. Gastropore tubes cylindrical, slightly curved, and quite deep (up to 3 mm); a well-developed ring palisade present near gastrostyle tip, composed of squat elements about 50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="62A61A92A4E134BB26486E70F5C51743" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in height and width. Gastrostyles lanceolate, up to 0.67 mm, having a H:D of about 3.1, and occupying lower quarter of gastropore tube. Because of curvature of the long gastropore tube, the short gastrostyle, and the wide pseudosepta, the gastrostyle tip is rarely seen when viewed from above.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dactylotomes 0.085-0.10 mm in width, supernumerary dactylopores being quite rare, usually associated with pseudosepta. Dactylostyle inconspicuous (Fig. 20J). Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem 8-18 (n = 50, average = 11.82 (σ = 2.15), and mode = 11). Pseudosepta slender (0.07-0.21 mm wide), adcauline diastemas twice that width sometimes present; surface of pseudosepta quite porous (Fig. 20F).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<paragraph id="669C47CD40B788D2DF99E28A6466641E" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dactylotomes 0.085-0.10 mm in width, supernumerary dactylopores being quite rare, usually associated with pseudosepta. Dactylostyle inconspicuous (Fig. 20J). Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem 8-18 (n = 50, average = 11.82 (σ = 2.15), and mode = 11). Pseudosepta slender (0.07-0.21 mm wide), adcauline diastemas twice that width sometimes present; surface of pseudosepta quite porous (Fig. 20F).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F3391B3D4CA0D603B939AD6F191730E7" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Female ampullae (Fig. 20D, G,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="23A9B5E91A2CEB7014429C51A7DCA67E" originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) superficial hemispheres 1.0-1.3 mm in diameter, having a knobby or papillose surface; efferent pores not evident in material at hand. Male ampullae (Fig. 20M) also superficial swellings 0.50-0.55 mm in diameter. Both types of ampullae clustered on anterior and posterior branch faces.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="847B8EB2B81B352020075109C8BE01CA" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="90FCAE6F5FDE4415CD3A486AF4A22594" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2A094BF0003D3376C112B719CBF219BB" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AD67734B7FB096BACD7253E9C2C77CA4" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described this taxon as a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AA074EB3278BEFC43DF0F05C29DB51B3" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, distinguishing it from the nominate subspecies by having spongy pseudosepta (Fig. 20F), decurrent pseudoseptal ridges on the inside of the gastropore tube (Fig. 20C), and spiny coenosteal outgrowths (Fig. 20
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DC114DA08D793C4F31979D70821C727F" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9CB02507BFF072C0E257E9A65BEAB436" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is otherwise similar to typical
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="699C607BC3EEBF5900A0103355D85623" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in gastropore tube and gastrostyle shape and number of dactylopores per cyclosystem, but is also similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B808CA4E22D98C3DF35BD2D4CE7967A5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in arrangement of cyclosystems and in hosting commensal spionid polychaetes; it also has unique characteristics as mentioned above (see also Table 2). Although few colonies are known of this species, because it does present a unique set of characteristics, it is considered valid and herein elevated to species rank. The corallum was found to be 100% aragonitic according to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="94BD689943D481FC7990BA732319C484" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aleutian Islands: from off Attu Island and north of Amalia Island (Andreanof Islands), including Bowers Bank; 115-366 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0084AB344090C231FD14835CADB7845E" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4F97D4A88C3DD809544B612159EA4AB0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F03CC397BB10F1AC46A3A0F8D88F3BC" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Aleutian Islands: from off Attu Island and north of Amalia Island (Andreanof Islands), including Bowers Bank; 115-366 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="E4FBC60663C16D894921E72FB9F87B3C" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E1216E3A42D4CE8F66C0C5EA2B3939E7" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Figure 20.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="71C6844F2A9EDA4A0BD02832E9A1D6D3" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–L">A-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C6685652EE674E0081D5862A21B305FB" originalValue="A–L">A-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
holotype, USNM 43265, M male paratype, USNM 76811: A stereo view of a cyclosystem showing internal decurrent ridges within gastropore B a cyclosystem C a damaged cyclosystem showing decurrent ridges D stereo view of longitudinal section of a cyclosystem and some female ampullae E a gastrostyle and ring palisade F porous pseudosepta G stereo view of ridged coenosteum and a small female ampulla H branch segment I coenosteal texture J rudimentary dactylostyle
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8EAF8B4EB8A68766D61C4FF83FB4788A" originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
clusters of female ampullae M male ampullae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,511 +1,511 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032754" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:46220DCD48A1EFF23F10645F79B7170F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/46220DCD48A1EFF23F10645F79B7170F" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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|
||||
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|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_campylecus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<treatment id="46220DCD48A1EFF23F10645F79B7170F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032754" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:46220DCD48A1EFF23F10645F79B7170F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/46220DCD48A1EFF23F10645F79B7170F" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1D3CC0927775030111C8D5C2E424317E" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="89A5D70AF9B37C57D9B63F303AE667B9" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82EED07D084B5DB76F1EE2BA6E3B4AE3" ID-CoL="6ZZRT" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_campylecus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 17
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D18A–M">A-D18A-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="317D8DF73A9A2B2FA455E80457DC5460" originalValue="A–D18A–M">A-D18A-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campyleca">Allopora campyleca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="183A694E8CE237234DD285D9B5B753D5" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="41179872752DD6BB9152F99CFDCE0D4C" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2432B945BD66B086A3DF2EE64C372C70" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campyleca">Allopora campyleca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 505-506, pls. 34, 36.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 113" title="Investigations of Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals). Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akaddemi I Oslo. 1." volume="3" year="1942">Broch 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4ECB275C01764C254C19B669649675F9" author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 113" title="Investigations of Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals). Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akaddemi I Oslo. 1." volume="3" year="1942">Broch 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 101.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6ADCB71B5A22BCA30D7B73953A440B74" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 19-20.-Not
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="05FCC1F2F6299D025313213D10E7BCDB" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 382 (probably
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster parageus subsp. parageus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="parageus" subSpecies="parageus">Stylaster parageus parageus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="012506B677978E1DEDA598DD33C03206" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster parageus subsp. parageus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="parageus" subSpecies="parageus">Stylaster parageus parageus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Allopora polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CE788B088A4D32E1AA48A96958A988E6" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1F3EAD668B8E7D806788AB803CA459E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Allopora polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 503-505, pl. 35, fig. 1, pl. 37, 38.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FA1AC2EB43C2B30646953A7E8104B16D" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 581.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="25942393C2F4291B73DB4FDB48090565" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 27.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. tylota" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="tylota">Allopora campyleca tylota</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AABB385A11C944FD06CF1283E02EFE01" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="362291D42F3F6EA24320E27298F2B488" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. tylota" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="tylota">Allopora campyleca tylota</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 509-510, pl. 41, figs 2-2e.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F512BE82748E2E3C89F63D37AC31DB45" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 580.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="80F11FC9882048BF27BAEDD89F15B997" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C0A827F731B242B762553443F6B584CC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 512-514, pl. 49, fig. 2, pl. 51 (not pl. 50), pl. 53, fig. 1 (not forma leptostyla).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="24F76E66C4B38671CCDDF1559567F2DD" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 23.-?
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E4BD46AB15D3AA7C25B6247855CD23F1" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 577.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. campyleca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="campyleca">Allopora campyleca campyleca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1E37C7DD30BE957B442E47D3B88D3FBD" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="023170EE431A7C4EDA84580AB9C163B2" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. campyleca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="campyleca">Allopora campyleca campyleca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6E2BD71971AFF786116B949B2320BF06" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 578.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9A710B648CC3AD3D41FA45C5EFD3F988" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C12CA436D8B04C325315150E97014252" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E36097FF5FA7D5437F49C54E5210A345" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430.-Not
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="10E255FB81AC7036881B5760B3997660" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 100 (probably
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster parageus subsp. parageus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="parageus" subSpecies="parageus">Stylaster parageus parageus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D840C9FBB7C448D99BC8E857241219EA" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster parageus subsp. parageus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="parageus" subSpecies="parageus">Stylaster parageus parageus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C3A43855BF5831777282D6511929406C" author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 523, 524, fig. 2C.-Not
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="079D1ED6A2CB07986816F8DC1CD47983" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, Table S1 (=
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C8EC87D3544218239710F9E9F914D087" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster moseleyanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyanus">Stylaster moseleyanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9E377C4ACFA7FFCB3A4B1C5C9D729E00" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32BA821BF8D7C4CED9F9FD2C9325E8F7" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster moseleyanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyanus">Stylaster moseleyanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2EEA534BAB092710091E1C1414F9F511" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 429.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CC043B68AE6C6385B88238DC1FDDDA8B" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11, 28, fig. 30.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B79CC7F988EFE7EF6410D237113044FD" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 124137 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2C18B9035F4BB3EF9FB25330A7BBB5FA" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="63235EA35B336471C898BC2C7C61E87F" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">Stylaster</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C710D0BD4BBE2662DFFAD48947853239" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8833ADBC750E0DC1D44931C38823FF9D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="7B324D68C4158E01BDDBA1356197C7D6" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">Stylaster</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
polyorchis
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="654394D4DBA810BFD400C171C5251585" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B61D853AFB2E7D21F95D8223C268155" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 100-101 (mineralogy).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="197A7895A3A217A0300A318CE7F7BB65" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="768627C26113B6DC57D1969A8C8F0084" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11, 28.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5A9B03BCDB9BE0833552A682BAD59845" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 134, 137 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5BF5F26836DC753E8D4520FE6FA038DD" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="67EBED1383BD290DBB896E16BC706DE2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).-Not
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1CDE27E489E19A4A3F67F0804EDF5ED7" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, Table S1 (=
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BA1C426A124A6F032850EF96EBBA9289" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus subsp. tylotus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campylecus" subSpecies="tylotus">Stylaster campylecus tylotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0AB3EE376832B5A1680D25DC32DA8C48" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F03AB893051E05E74F62411A40AB5FEE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus subsp. tylotus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campylecus" subSpecies="tylotus">Stylaster campylecus tylotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7291E4419D1E1F48BA21E111026A99BA" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7990805A0043018BAFBEE1B952121707" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 27 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="95AE29398648BCC77D44FE1D2F04ACC7" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 134 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7C98207FF97375B18DD218C6A85AB8E7" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed)-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus subsp. campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campylecus" subSpecies="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1EBFA92835A55B40867AB6B84DFBFB73" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7ADDD4B3F0A58AA46AA37A0A3D55549A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus subsp. campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campylecus" subSpecies="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="94652E6360921E8DCDD5A90A1ED34485" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11, 27, fig. 32.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="31EEF18EB598E6CF57FA0EFDA90749FA" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 134 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4894B8049BD28552211DC3697E837CE0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed)-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3943CD8B3A5DED5AA98BA4FF7B6F018C" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campyleca">Allopora campyleca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4501956864A38221737C9510C7C531E3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DD25AF03F2DC51C48320C09643529959" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B487C6A076BF298C4A2883DB205C20B9" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B69E3F25C167807CC3C3B5A4C20506CA" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campyleca">Allopora campyleca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Holotype: Alb-3480, 1 dry male colony, now in two pieces, length 16 cm, and SEM stub 1524-25, 1545, USNM 42870 (Fig. 17A). Paratypes: Alb-3480, 7 dry colonies and 7 in alcohol, and SEM stub 1526, USNM 43767, 52262, 52265, 58099, and CAS 28297; Alb-2852 (missing in 2011); Alb-2858, 3 dry colonies (not considered conspecific with Stylaster campyleca); Alb-3599, 2 dry colonies (1 male is Stylaster campylecus, 1 female is Stylaster brochi), USNM 76814; Alb-4230, 1 dry male colony (not considered to be conspecific with campyleca); Alb-4302, 2 female dry colonies, USNM 76816. Type locality.Alb-3480:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5D670B58053AE789C948B73BE2D43E61" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="74574BD4E42D4C5EFA200865F0DF6867" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands), 518 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Allopora polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="805E01F1F03A5C78CDEA64A1CC352D80" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="219CBE63BD869C2ECA6F06CBD8858ECF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Allopora polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Holotype: Alb-3480, 1 large dry colony now in two pieces, and SEM stubs 1527-28, USNM 43266 (Fig. 17B). Paratypes: Alb-3480: about 15 dry branch fragments, USNM 76540-76542, CAS 28293. Type locality.Alb-3480:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="11E13947F38C051E5A208DA5CAF23AE2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8A48A96265D24812F3C0D394DFBB35A1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands), 518 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A5682300DE827F84C0A70153286DAFAB" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
Allopora campyleca tylota: Syntypes: Alb-4781, 4 dry female colonies, the largest 15 cm in height, and SEM stub 1539, USNM 43263, and 12 dry male branches, and SEM stub 1540, USNM 86000 (Fig. 17C). Type locality.Alb-4781:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24167">52°14'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3F2077696BFFB7547D666A537B603059" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24167">52°14'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.21666">174°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F8648FCAD0317DECA8C980112410CB4F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.21666">174°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(off Agattu I., Near Islands, Aleutians), 882 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E69FBB8FE880ACE978B7943B7DE7EF4B" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E62ED80DA02FA97BC8AD6092FD4E7EBC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Holotype: Alb-4781: 1 dry male colony now in two pieces, largest 13 cm in length, USNM 42869 (Fig. 17D). Paratypes: Alb-4781, 1 dry male colony, USNM 86003; Alb-3480, 3 female and 1 male dry colonies, and SEM stub 1519, USNM 76556, 76557; Alb-3480, 2 dry female and 1 male colonies (considered as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FA1E11EC61527586A705CB66E441173B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), USNM 76555. Type locality.Alb-4781:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24167">52°14'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DB6F4CC399643B475AD55B197241A4D8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24167">52°14'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.21666">174°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="64F991256D70FA04D0F2C07FB9A430B1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.21666">174°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(off Agattu I., Near Islands, Aleutians), 882 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CF694C8862869A217EFA94B3728F05F2" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1463D0028C734CFA030A531C171E45DE" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="051171E30A6E0C3CEAB138BA13F6B933" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
Types of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campyleca">Allopora campyleca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="041C6D816E4FC2F6A9C0174E037CF812" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campyleca">Allopora campyleca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Allopora polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3A20F10A3A2F442ADFA2B8803CF58D60" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Allopora polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. tylota" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="tylota">Allopora campyleca tylota</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="940E4089A19302A522918A55162724A9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. tylota" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="tylota">Allopora campyleca tylota</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5C82EF0B20C5AC2C504990370DAE31D6" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyana">Allopora moseleyana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; Alb-3480, numerous branch fragments (topotypic), USNM 76565; Alaskan Leader-35,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.02833">53°01'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0AFA4E21A634AF11F8CC945A17CD4E23" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.02833">53°01'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-170.09972">170°05'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6B8B61314EFCFE207F894092BD90FA03" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-170.09972">170°05'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 200-400 m, 4 Jun 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122510; Alaskan Leader 64,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.116665">53°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2DB5F7127F16406B5D75AF448812B984" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.116665">53°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-166.895">166°53'42"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F93AE0CEC69C0AD0E31FE5BE3E8E9AD9" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-166.895">166°53'42"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 324-766 m, 21 Jun 2002, 1 female, USNM 1122484; Alb-4781, type locality, 1 female, USNM 76700; Ballyhoo,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.788887">54°47'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2A4987E2A271B0418CEF8D0709C9E8AF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.788887">54°47'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.78139">178°46'53"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="26306E722C767D87222DF4FDFA44ED7A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.78139">178°46'53"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 254 m, 5 Jun 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122535; Ballyhoo,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="54.707333">54°42.44'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="75FC68947CEDAB53E47B5F10B2176393" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="54.707333">54°42.44'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="178.7805">178°46.83'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0C0CFBAB721843B4D4C49D81878B6F35" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="178.7805">178°46.83'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 250 m, 5 Jun 2000, 1 female, AB00-0013; Delta,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84861">51°50'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="599D90DCD30277C952A35444B55C3F3A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84861">51°50'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.82388">179°49'26"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="19466791028622DE9B34686F6DBBB1C1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.82388">179°49'26"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 125 m, 17 Jul 2002, 1 indet., USNM 1123463; Delta
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="37" pageNumber="38" start="start">Alfa</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="58DAE5F957056D33D3973DA47A538EC0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" start="start">Alfa</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, western Aleutian Islands, depth unknown, 1961, 1 female, USNM 52447; Dominator 971-181,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.461945">51°27'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F36B7518B78177CEEC666B3AE4FA999D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.461945">51°27'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.63889">176°38'20"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="619F9E486F4215BE51B50D9DA8F48196" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.63889">176°38'20"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 384 m, 27 Jul 1997, 2 female, 2 male, USNM 1123363; Jason 2095-7-7,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.81155">51°48.693'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7601F84B8F1F012D5F61E974DA230A86" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.81155">51°48.693'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-173.83275">173°49.965'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6B87FD716A543E5661132D471B6A4142" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-173.83275">173°49.965'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 843 m, 25 Jul 2004, 1 male, AB09-0013; Jason 2102-7-8,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.509335">51°30.56'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2441E318A0FD09E8C0FAF7974D9D8962" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.509335">51°30.56'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-177.92267">177°55.36'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FA8B7DAC8D58ED0FAC576ECC6BACF9CA" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-177.92267">177°55.36'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 824 m, 2 Aug 2004, 6 male, AB09-0012; Jason 2101-9-1,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.523834">51°31.43'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8A3B5FBAB43229D43A86E2AB1C924820" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.523834">51°31.43'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-177.95833">177°57.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="56BB21106D863CD09B71846ACFEF9FFE" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-177.95833">177°57.5'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 494 m, 2 Aug 2004, 1 male, AB09-0015; Jason 2103
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–15–">-15-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F192BD65CCB70667F22018D617C2CAAD" originalValue="–15–">-15-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.84947">51°50.968'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="731AFAFE3A587131127B824F7A58030B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.84947">51°50.968'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.85011">179°51.007'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="911526A07CBAC418C2E293F0465A0ED8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.85011">179°51.007'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 678 m, 1 male, AB08-0037; Jason 2104-1-5,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.7305">51°43.83'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1C0CAA3F87129446929143F6CF37459F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.7305">51°43.83'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-179.6">179°36.0'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="44F382CB3782DB1DA8678483BA4E36D0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-179.6">179°36.0'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 1011 m, 5 Aug 2004, 1 female, 1 male, AB08-0038 and AB09-0016; MF 833-38,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.715">51°42'54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="242E565F9499EBF94AF35B21C43B246B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.715">51°42'54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.85834">178°51'30"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="566E1CE42025F6DD24A2B14E96AF023D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.85834">178°51'30"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 582 m, 3 Aug 1983, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 77055; MF 833-47,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.926666">51°55'36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B9726BC0D545CB6B32659696FBF5EBE3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.926666">51°55'36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.88">176°52'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2DCD519C06AD9940E1C4814245316EAB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.88">176°52'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, depth unknown, 5 Aug 1983, 1 female, USNM 96529; North Pacific,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.072777">52°04'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="828FEF3F9217AA92236E5A9EF84D4440" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.072777">52°04'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.96693">176°58'01"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EFEF3A7A1DF4562F773663CF1AA05B33" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.96693">176°58'01"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 384 m, 20 Oct 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122539; Ocean Olympic,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.15167">52°09'06"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C5E5982D5643A5CF3686403FAD464A54" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.15167">52°09'06"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.16333">176°09'48"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="33B33A5A5DAA6DAEA247B29D302B8BDC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.16333">176°09'48"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 384 m, 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122536; Pacific Knight 941-49,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.766666">52°46'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4D6A6F4DE7B9D28D793CD97140CC1D6D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.766666">52°46'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B4614EE0B1637AF61BD1F844A9AD61EC" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-340 m, 14 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96528; Pacific Knight 941-75,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.516666">52°31'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="879772C74CB1E8DB82601A5D777C6225" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.516666">52°31'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-173.5">173°30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8117A6F9749EB88D8AE61C0DE8F6C94A" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-173.5">173°30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-213 m, 20 Jun 1994, 1 male, USNM 96527; Pacific Knight 941-204,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.1">53°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6549BF285E33C201632FE7964E6F3A43" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.1">53°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="171.7">171°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2933FE50BBCE59661478F2A32E1ADAD3" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="171.7">171°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-455 m, 31 Jul 1994, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 96249 and 1123534; Patricia Lee,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.352497">52°21'09"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="74B6BD5867A32C1D757D495142013191" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.352497">52°21'09"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.54779">179°32'52"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="65BA3DCAEA6A76F40806B3D324B3B3B5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.54779">179°32'52"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 375 m, 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122500; Sea Storm 90,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.608334">51°36'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B950D599534A92C086DEC3A1C1A19FB8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.608334">51°36'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.18001">177°10'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BFC4E10215EF14492943D544DE3401CB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.18001">177°10'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 202-217 m, 4 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1123012; Sea Storm 91,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.680836">51°40'51"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C0AE277CE3DEFC83E0CE53B05095FF1B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.680836">51°40'51"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.18028">177°10'49"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B3E6A0BEB5F1B62B16C3CA33B92BC4F5" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.18028">177°10'49"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 82 m, 4 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1123284; Sea Storm 92,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.559444">51°33'34"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="747DC6DB7B11DDA4ADE191FAD3C7B8AF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.559444">51°33'34"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.6164">177°36'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D29CE26C211F10364DA02828B58FC572" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.6164">177°36'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 367 m, 4 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol, 1 male, USNM 1123028-29; Sea Storm 107,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.174446">52°10'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2962FDD7ED153F9D3BE579858C90E4D3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.174446">52°10'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.23723">175°14'14"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5DB16C9F575346EC4A2AB0B7B60C3F3D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.23723">175°14'14"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 214 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 female, 2 male in alcohol, USNM 1123001, -05, -31; Sea Storm 108,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6AEB13D0E12BBDC29B15541E407D8131" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="175.28334">175°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E2ADE081989846D7458DC0342E474260" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="175.28334">175°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 208 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 female, 1 male, both in alcohol, USNM 1122998 and 1123041; Sea Storm 109,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.287777">52°17'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0474195F3F2BD6D91A394B900E209B90" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.287777">52°17'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.34888">175°20'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="523B78564932B0A0107CA170BE2D4857" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.34888">175°20'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 238 m, 8 Jul 2002, 2 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1122997 and 1123536; Sea Storm 111,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.27222">52°16'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C711394E2A0B13B51FDA1FE06ED4F1B3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.27222">52°16'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.98695">175°59'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="14978AF1A2B0DA298ADC46723A3D7E64" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.98695">175°59'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 137 m, 9 Jul 2002, 1 male, 1123034; Sea Storm 112,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.253334">52°15'12"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8C7D0E94077182CBE0638287E58C8631" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.253334">52°15'12"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.01167">176°00'42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9AF2542CB1EC64A6386DE632A0CD44EA" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.01167">176°00'42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 137 m, 9 Jul 2002, 1 indet., USNM 1122999; Sea Storm 134,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24389">52°14'38"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F6FF7F52143308D6715396A9DA97AA50" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24389">52°14'38"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.0236">176°01'25"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EDE38268221FE7B87274FF517C5B63C8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.0236">176°01'25"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 138 m, 15 Jul 2002, 1 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1123033; Sea Storm 138,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.230556">52°13'50"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6E569CC605E80665B95F16542471FCE0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.230556">52°13'50"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.24194">175°14'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B8CC090254E13188B6653FD632D173B2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.24194">175°14'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 146 m, 16 Jul 2002, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 1122769 and 1122965; Sea Storm 148,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.47111">52°28'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D9A2084A3971D281BDA59CB5BD87DE11" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.47111">52°28'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.31944">173°19'10"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5246B7D1473C9BE1918ED1E5C1D3FC8D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.31944">173°19'10"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 194 m, 21 Jul 2002, 2 male, USNM 1122748 and 1122752; Sea Storm 150,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.513054">52°30'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="96505D4FEE818A3BCBCE95572704D850" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.513054">52°30'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-173.48334">173°29'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="418C179BC3AFF647A9BF8D7C6805C8C7" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-173.48334">173°29'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 213 m, 21 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1122758; Sea Storm 151,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.56111">52°33'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2C0120521028B552013C5058F89C7E23" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.56111">52°33'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.31944">173°19'10"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C0E20B94613D851462F68F29BB5CEDB0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.31944">173°19'10"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 203 m, 21 Jul 2002, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 1122755-6; Sea Storm 155,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.64528">52°38'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3D78B2D90A5C3FC3AF33BBA51D513CFE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.64528">52°38'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-172.27306">172°16'23"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BD01B7D4CF739591A208B3C8AC5E08D9" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-172.27306">172°16'23"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 393-401 m, 22 Jul 2002, 2 indet., USNM 1122761, -64; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="54.116665">54°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3680CC6F2C8548691C0341383D45A520" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="54.116665">54°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.75">179°45'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D1812CD5EF7627112C4B793CF6753266" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.75">179°45'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 366 m, 20 Feb 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122529; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.400833">54°24'03"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="36D7F89A1906449421334A49D47CA66E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.400833">54°24'03"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.60306">179°36'11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C24457EA3A0929082441C4257D352471" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.60306">179°36'11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 313 m, 25 Feb 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122532; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.948334">53°56'54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BA1B99D7C1C7F8A426AAE79376AA4249" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.948334">53°56'54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F1DBB8B8F29BCE2923410AA116A6175E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 318 m, 14 mar 2000, 1 indet., USNM 1122568; Chew, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7CB1F19571BFC5A4FAD91E83BFFE326F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.25">179°15'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="54F85BB4A74E747E70206400428ED334" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.25">179°15'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 218-289 m, 1 Sep 1968, 3 female, USNM 76573 and 96532; Haaga, coll. 53, 51°24;12:N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.62222">177°37'20"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1DAEAD2D637CCBE407E55B7B72E904CB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.62222">177°37'20"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 12 Jun 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122515; Haaga, coll., 54, 51°45;48"N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.16306">178°09'47"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="62D2999B7E01A281D2DDFD834EBC75FD" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.16306">178°09'47"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 441-791 m, 10 Jun 2000, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 1122496 and AB02-30; McCloskey, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.05722">52°03'26"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FDC477DC64B3628F65D2890642E92C59" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.05722">52°03'26"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.20555">179°12'20"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="828F1BE9CE5C9937854B740F68526F1C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.20555">179°12'20"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 475 m, 27 Apr 2000, 2 indet., USNM 1122449 and 1122461; McCloskey, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.295834">52°17'45"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DB2B11BF06C1644A49AA4C17CC5686F9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.295834">52°17'45"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.4825">179°28'57"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="75B2A65A88DAFB4BC0B992F01A0D2FA6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.4825">179°28'57"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 28 May 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122964
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="38" pageNumber="39" start="start">;</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="D161D78AE155A3E00EBEADC7BE568512" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" start="start">;</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
McCloskey, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.279446">51°16'46"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AA8B6BCCDC3FD0CD51ADE53E3927D84D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.279446">51°16'46"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.93361">178°56'01"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3F83255DEACF0927689EF78AB7910FC0" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.93361">178°56'01"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 373 m 21 May 2000, 2 indet., USNM 1122463; Miller, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.519165">51°31'09"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2CE348CA4382437A2E7336E512BFB991" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.519165">51°31'09"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.88722">176°53'14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="09768191FF77F20D52411A1C35B4E8F3" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.88722">176°53'14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 375 m, 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122498; Myer, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.25">52°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C27AE3503E2FBEFA291E7089C0B87E75" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.25">52°15'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-173.5">173°30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="849AB83F6DFFBA34A9663B71EFC4E58D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-173.5">173°30'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 208-274 m, 20 Nov 1973, 4 female, USNM 76567; Slear, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.131664">52°07'54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FAC218B8D5BB4DD8067DDEF634A88EF9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.131664">52°07'54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.24611">177°14'46"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4800B8D5148B35DEF1F6B7A1D9D604F6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.24611">177°14'46"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 238 m, 8 Dec 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122453; Slear, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.90111">51°54'04"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="614499218CFDF815C73B617D42F2B645" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.90111">51°54'04"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.29112">179°17'28"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AC25875EF045997526A63DC7A00AD50C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.29112">179°17'28"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 567 m, 9 Dec 2000, 2 female, USNM 1122450, -51; Stone, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.852215">51°51.133'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="078D9C615EB58DC9C5080432288BE683" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.852215">51°51.133'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.84833">179°50.9'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A36023FCD2651EA574A96CBD32DDE07D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.84833">179°50.9'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 630 m, 8 Aug 2005, 1 female, AB05-0055; Tierny, coll., Cross Sound, Alexander Archipelago, 334 m, 30 Jul 1953, 1 indet., USNM 76569;
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3CC31B6100E6D825F3316E909F1AD094" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="94F5BFFB1B909B6AA8411C07DC9B45C5" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BCCE67C37669C1EC001466042757F5D4" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
Corallum essentially uniplanar or multiplanar, with occasional short side branches oriented perpendicular to flabellum. Branches anastomose only in larger colonies, the largest colony being the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0C668B944D2B0E2222CD6D7BD7C45625" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which is 28 cm tall and 35 cm broad, having a massive, dense basal branch diameter of 3.9 cm (Fig. 17B). Distal branches circular to slightly flattened in cross section; larger-diameter branches often rectangular in cross section, the longer axis of the rectangle oriented perpendicular to plane of flabellum. Commensal spionid worm tubes not present. Coenosteum reticular-granular in texture, the coenosteal strips 50-55
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5B6F8AE12461DED566B4B023AD8BC5B4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in width, the slits being a discontinuous series of elongate pores about 15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7BB57D0C9AF67248E2C7D1AF28E39748" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in width; strips covered by small granules. Although generally reticulate in texture, coenosteal strips parallel and straight on exsert abaxial side of each cyclosystem (Fig. 18A). In some specimens the coenosteum is porcellaneous (polyorchis form, Fig. 18I), whereas in others (typical form, Fig. 18
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="72CE9C0B96587086EB0167499EAC27A6" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) it appears to be more porous. Coenosteum white, pale orange, and pale pink.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Cyclosystems linearly arranged on both edges of branches, as well as on anterior face, and occasionally on posterior face. Those on branch edges often closely spaced, sometimes directly adjacent to one another (Fig. 18C) or even coalescent. Cyclosystems circular, elliptical, or irregular in shape, 1.0-1.3 mm in diameter, slightly flared, and standing slightly exsert from branch; gastropores circular, 0.40-0.45 mm in diameter. Gastropore tubes cylindrical and usually slightly curved (Fig. 18M) on distal branches, such that gastrostyle tip is difficult to see; ring palisade often absent or only poorly developed. Gastrostyles lanceolate, about 0.5 mm in height, and occupying only lower quarter of gastropore tube; H:D about 2.3-2.5. Gastrostyle bears spines up to 0.4 mm in length.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Dactylotomes 0.10-0.11 mm in width; dactylostyles inconspicuous. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem is 7-17 (n = 50, average = 11.94 (σ = 2.4), mode = 10). Supernumerary dactylopores absent. Pseudosepta slender and fairly uniform in width, 0. 11-0.13 mm in width, an adcauline diastema of about twice pseudoseptal width sometimes present.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<paragraph id="52E0399405078EC48EEDB6EDA1195F5E" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Cyclosystems linearly arranged on both edges of branches, as well as on anterior face, and occasionally on posterior face. Those on branch edges often closely spaced, sometimes directly adjacent to one another (Fig. 18C) or even coalescent. Cyclosystems circular, elliptical, or irregular in shape, 1.0-1.3 mm in diameter, slightly flared, and standing slightly exsert from branch; gastropores circular, 0.40-0.45 mm in diameter. Gastropore tubes cylindrical and usually slightly curved (Fig. 18M) on distal branches, such that gastrostyle tip is difficult to see; ring palisade often absent or only poorly developed. Gastrostyles lanceolate, about 0.5 mm in height, and occupying only lower quarter of gastropore tube; H:D about 2.3-2.5. Gastrostyle bears spines up to 0.4 mm in length.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4E30C0A19D29050529F30B3D0E52D5AB" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Dactylotomes 0.10-0.11 mm in width; dactylostyles inconspicuous. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem is 7-17 (n = 50, average = 11.94 (σ = 2.4), mode = 10). Supernumerary dactylopores absent. Pseudosepta slender and fairly uniform in width, 0. 11-0.13 mm in width, an adcauline diastema of about twice pseudoseptal width sometimes present.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D5CD49CB8D71861AEE6575197FDE62CF" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
Female ampullae (Fig. 18L) large, smooth, superficial hemispheres 1.0-1.1 mm in diameter, often having a lateral efferent pore about 0.25 mm in diameter. Male ampullae (Fig. 18
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="31224466C36ACC977B1FD2763438BAE6" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) superficial swellings 0.4-0.5 mm in diameter, often clustered on anterior face.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5D5D0CE60866D51B7C5AA7F23F0C9F11" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B44F0D32D5533236116D5D927C2665F4" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="27708B1537A19C36AD2877394C4313CB" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="696D97E6985FC15C66E6EF5AFBC6891E" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 505) discussed the similarities of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E75078D1E7021C903A26E8E44A9E10E2" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6DE8C5CDE656FBE2CE506921672B8684" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but concluded they were different species based on six minor differences:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="453171A3DAA66D62FEF08930BCE358CE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
had smaller cyclosystems, straighter gastropore tubes, no ridges on the inside
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="39" pageNumber="40" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="26A4280F4E154F4B296B2C04EBA64696" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" start="start">of</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
the gastropore tube, often linked cyclosystems, a ring palisade, and wrinkled female ampullae. Based on more detailed SEM observations on many more specimens, these differences are considered to be intraspecific variation, the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B381AEF2E02B0080851A86057CC3F24E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
itself having some linked cyclosystems and wrinkled female ampullae. The ring palisade is absent in most coralla, but in some specimens is weakly developed.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus subsp. tylotus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campylecus" subSpecies="tylotus">Stylaster campylecus tylotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="50103794559B6E620AE903402AB8A95A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus subsp. tylotus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campylecus" subSpecies="tylotus">Stylaster campylecus tylotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was also compared to but differentiated from typical
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="88CECD035D367CF2B15D592AD0A0FC46" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="66934C7BBF1606510216D0F6565904C6" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
in having a more delicate corallum, a larger ring palisade, a stouter gastrostyle, larger male ampullae, and more dactylopores per cyclosystem, but closer examinations also shows all these character to be within the range of variation of typical
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="56B094EEEAFFEE8C4DC117822E5C7694" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see Table 2). Likewise, no significant differences could be found between
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster moseleyanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyanus">Stylaster moseleyanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8BF5DA951AEC08C003801FDA3A46D818" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster moseleyanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyanus">Stylaster moseleyanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDB74B9C7EDBCA8EF0C6E5462B1E7FEE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and thus these four taxa are considered to be the same. Interestingly, types of three of the four taxa were collected at Albatross station 3480, prompting
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="69C772DF26C40AE96EA219F6B2453435" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 514) to remark about "the extraordinary number of species and subspecies dredged at station 3480," considering the possibility that hybridism might be taking place.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE5405BC9FC84935C18B0F3D182088BB" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="90D009FA799239B8308F645F0D7558FC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are the two most commonly collected stylasterids in the Aleutian Islands.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="86BE80C228F2945F990148F8CC78FAEC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
can be distinguished from other Alaskan species in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D57703AAFCA062DF839A5FF0DE9407A5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Group B) by its slightly flared cyclosystems and the linearity of the coenosteal strips near the cyclosystems (Table 2). The corallum was found to be 100% aragonitic according to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BDE200DD19414B1E000A900B1BE0D6D6" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Of 94 colonies examined, 44 are female, 39 male, and 11 indeterminate, resulting in a fairly equal sex ratio.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Known from throughout the Aleutian Islands from Agattu Island to Unalaska, including Petrel and Bowers Banks, two disjunct records in Alexander Archipelago; 82-1011 m, but most records from 150-500 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2928834BB19792F7CC024F05B94C0A19" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CB4BB3F5EFE4DA538AAC34487A81C50D" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70C5814C458AC892119CE0345C796F4F" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Known from throughout the Aleutian Islands from Agattu Island to Unalaska, including Petrel and Bowers Banks, two disjunct records in Alexander Archipelago; 82-1011 m, but most records from 150-500 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="1C0B19A115D52A4A103484F84DC11D3F" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D80C25ACF1013C5B967A9E07C979FCA0" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
Figure 17. Color figures of skeleton of various Alaskan stylasterids:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="444248FE8D2081CFE0C67D883D406B85" originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="64A5F024D46B21544065A3156A046209" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
E
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2202E7702501BE2E0A9AC3B7C86E5428" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
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<normalizedToken id="4E91581372CD275CC9CB7D5A02C715C6" originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="DFF9266558DD7B5E15A1F8863D81B1D9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
H
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="765AF11F8518A733DC8BF6E559915019" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A holotype, USNM 42870 B holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Allopora polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4B2B52EA44D07690A410D4532802ACC0" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Allopora polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 43266 C syntype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. tylota" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="tylota">Allopora campyleca tylota</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2BE44A3EAE64E0F6271B66549375131B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora campyleca subsp. tylota" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="campyleca" subSpecies="tylota">Allopora campyleca tylota</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 86000 D holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyanus">Allopora moseleyanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1E922FD24BE1D4E2C5CEABE97FB54F52" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyanus">Allopora moseleyanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 42869 E holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyanus subsp. leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="moseleyanus" subSpecies="leptostylus">Allopora moseleyanus leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0FF645C44BA28182BBFCCDA46E534DA4" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyanus subsp. leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="moseleyanus" subSpecies="leptostylus">Allopora moseleyanus leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 43270 F holotype, MCZ 5525 G three branches, USNM 76545 H holotype, USNM 43265.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<caption id="839A9BCF5E2BB2B82412814AC2F3427C" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AAD2B59CF6327C7ACB75DE0BFC553850" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||||
Figure 18.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="87B7A020DFD9B27D1D5AEE4E770A2060" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, A male syntype of tylota form, USNM 86000,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–H">B-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="39A65B6ACC7495E6AC5AE4D3C9D128C4" originalValue="B–H">B-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, M male holotype of campylecus, USNM 42870, I male holotype of polyorchis form, USNM 43266, J female syntype of tylota form, USNM 43263, K male holotype of moseleyanus form, USNM 42869, L female paratype of campylecus, USNM 52262:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0E9C72EC074E34A045FF1DA876D3E49B" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
distal branches showing male ampullae and striate coenosteum C stereo view of two aligned cyclosystems D rudimentary dactylostyle
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="98D56CBB496949EE399C42F9DA027567" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
||||
cyclosystems
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DEF74A3D3B2DB8F48CC3F34128CFA25D" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
porous coenosteal texture I porcellaneous coenosteal texture J longitudinal section of a cyclosystem K gastrostyle L female ampulla M stereo view of a damaged cyclosystems showing curved gastropore, small dactylostyles, and lack of a ring palisade.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,308 +1,308 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032744" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:463AF94DD913F5640006F8A4D88B479A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/463AF94DD913F5640006F8A4D88B479A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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||||
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|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Distichopora_borealis" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<treatment id="463AF94DD913F5640006F8A4D88B479A" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032744" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:463AF94DD913F5640006F8A4D88B479A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/463AF94DD913F5640006F8A4D88B479A" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8708051A391C5BBC9C4D01CE53610ACD" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="120984F0B90F346E18FD3B1CBD017DE4" ID-CoL="36XRM" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Distichopora_borealis" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C2A–K">A-C2A-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="31241BC6362F181A11EA0913E23D043F" originalValue="A–C2A–K">A-C2A-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B9136D719196FB2EA3DE4F9D057B8FF1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DB3A2C95CE2024A083813FD50A9646D2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21E3793A4CEBD356D9C31C598DF2C5DD" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 543-545, pl. 70, fig. 3, pl. 71-73.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 113" title="Investigations of Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals). Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akaddemi I Oslo. 1." volume="3" year="1942">Broch 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CD40C15EB38F12CF075EDCF2CC834E55" author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 113" title="Investigations of Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals). Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akaddemi I Oslo. 1." volume="3" year="1942">Broch 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 20.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F97569E4BC156D0060CC2C954F125B9D" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 41 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5C914D4E9AF2851C9796B41017349E90" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 562, text-fig. 407.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AC76A58E18303AB956189E4431F1B7A5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 10, 27, fig. 26.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91B34DF390D9123E92B9E2F385230CF0" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133, 137 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4C5C8A1A5586DFAC5F942527EC8358F3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6FC9BF001B2DF0B83B993225FB6ECF3D" author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 529, fig. 2I.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5A53CB24731D33392A216DFFF860F3EA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 107 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4DFFEABD7F3414ED15F3BAAEE71C82ED" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, and supplemental Table S1: 3 (phylogeny and DNA sequences).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Distichopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4F2255025741198F44C1A6CBB690042E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2DF4FF8AD4A16440E019F0D3E768E983" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Distichopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. Heifetz, 2002: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="601B34BBB90CB149D8C2AC0440565378" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8F24EA5265997D2AA99C93CD650DD9EA" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="00FD04FD96F15605BEE45AD164F5F577" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3F51F608DBBE945486F80281968CE6C7" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
Holotype, Alb-3480, a female colony (dry) of 9 cm length (USNM 43274, Fig. 1B). Paratypes, Alb-3480, include 3 male, 4 female, 1 indeterminate dry colonies, and SEM stubs 1489-1494 (USNM 76810) and 2 dry female colonies from
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">Alb-</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="A2E8601FBA46F7FE71868845548038A3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">Alb-</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
4781 (USNM 76375).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A7EFB022BA3DE6B46239753F717B39DF" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph id="303DD714C7CE48AB5BCF1D9B77A20C1E" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="18899212A4D340A468AB9C7908CA2465" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Alb-3480:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.1">52°06'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FE49BB3685D13E46F219FC637330A3CB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.1">52°06'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-171.75">171°45'00"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DDA7E43EFADB8052C3AAE5439EFC2002" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-171.75">171°45'00"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands), 518 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8E35EFBFF3D919FD957F247BD813E45E" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="278E9A41BBE260A19DD635E25FFFD9DC" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="77F1AAFF154EC732D97A9E2A7BDC1EF3" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
Alaskan Leader 40,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.155003">52°09'18"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8ACB7DD19DB86B9EBB9776344872780E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.155003">52°09'18"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-175.67834">175°40'42"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6DF1AD116EE849E6066E61A9DB1FF9F3" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-175.67834">175°40'42"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 174 m, 8 Jun 2002, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 1122542; Alaskan Leader 54-14,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.74">51°44.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="474CA0AAB277313643E795950F6AA3DA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.74">51°44.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-178.27834">178°16.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F8D207E04EC4CC08A60B38615A56A6B2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-178.27834">178°16.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 567-680 m, 11 Jun 2002, 6 indet., AB02-29; Alaska Trojan,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.413055">51°24'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8BEDA8AFB27E9DAD56C1137716F91BB0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.413055">51°24'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.83388">178°50'02"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="582E020476DB801AA8D7F8653EAD4995" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.83388">178°50'02"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 640 m, 2 Feb 2000, 1 female, USNM1122447; Ballyhoo,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.831112">54°49'52"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6FEC270332FD57F2D97FED8AC4ED16D3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.831112">54°49'52"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.72055">178°43'14"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B7DB406935883BFD673B2F67EBE8857E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.72055">178°43'14"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 236, 7 June 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122565; Delta 5600,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.563053">52°33'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4E9260FB19768CDF4344537326CE561B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.563053">52°33'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.44583">179°26'45"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="290B9A0C6B16BA2B625F198F5EC82E35" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.44583">179°26'45"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 225 m, 15 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1122543; Dominator 971-181,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.461945">51°27'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="09167D17D244B1CF7228B909AFAADFD5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.461945">51°27'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.58888">178°35'20"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="32B8776E76D036CAB7D4B633F156AEC2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.58888">178°35'20"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 384 m, 27 Jul 1997, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 1123357; Dominator 971-219,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.00083">53°00'03"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="858DB4FB94229C3E5D618D8FA2D8B09A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.00083">53°00'03"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="172.31433">172°18.86'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DF0C77157108A1D0B23FC1900C2EA4C4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="172.31433">172°18.86'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 223 m, 4 Aug 1997, 1 female, 2 male, USNM 1123358; Jason2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2103–">-2103-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="468593E394D570AF1D6259D9F01045DC" originalValue="–2103–">-2103-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7-4,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.7983">51°47.898'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EAD10C6A30BC6E61246C17EDABCAE12A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.7983">51°47.898'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.95282">179°57.169'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C5CCD6FF3222E616F703138844C830D1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.95282">179°57.169'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 1267 m, 1 female, AB08-0036; MF 70,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.056667">52°03'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="196D0D40F233D8BCFB3BF7EA22D2C144" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.056667">52°03'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.41833">179°25'06"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="93C12325A69FC574D0E7E35668C37BCB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.41833">179°25'06"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 174 m, 1 male, USNM 77047; Ocean Olympic,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.079666">52°04.78'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E183086C05A730C0735ACC677EEF6783" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.079666">52°04.78'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="177.22316">177°13.39'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8F22A8EAF024C9DB17C8704EF62EF13B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="177.22316">177°13.39'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 256 m, 1 male, AB00-57; Ocean Olympic,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.1445">52°08.67'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="75BB5BE9F2C7DC66A21B7E9874923635" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.1445">52°08.67'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.591">176°35.46'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="99022FA0D389CB6F353A8F9280D3AEAD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.591">176°35.46'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 292 m, 1 female, AB00-21; Ommaney 8,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="56.195">56°11'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9B293DBBA05492C4A3C2B23D416FD53A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="56.195">56°11'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-135.10861">135°06'31"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2BB375FAF3DC8BA2C6389ED28480A807" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-135.10861">135°06'31"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 53 m, 17 Aug 2006, 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1086324; Patricia Lee,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.890667">51°53.44'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="163C8BE465AEF1AEFBACDAE0A54220D7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.890667">51°53.44'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.795">179°47.7'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D636F48A5A72E54D59CD5BFD245200E5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.795">179°47.7'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 298 m, 1 indet., AB00-41; Sea Storm 36,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.095833">53°05'45"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D4A02162A960E8485179760A079B8D95" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.095833">53°05'45"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="171.69888">171°41'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B4A26538CBED11C8CCBA220656FD1AF4" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="171.69888">171°41'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 458 m, 19 Jun 2002, 1 female and 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1076507 and 1122770; Sea Strom 92,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.559444">51°33'34"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="542F30298CA776A60B3AEA814AA68119" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.559444">51°33'34"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.6164">177°36'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="658E8FC06A47830AC2280A95001AD949" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.6164">177°36'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 367 m, 4 Jul 2002, 7 males, USNM 1137601, 1123541, 1122874-76; Sea Storm 93,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84972">51°50'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6DB201A23FB426544968C7FCAF82000" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84972">51°50'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.43388">178°26'02"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FC7DDB2823DCD2BBB94874C4766C98BE" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.43388">178°26'02"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 390 m, 5 Jul 2002, 2 male, USNM 1122877 and 1123287; Sea Storm 105,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.149723">52°08'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="73917300BC9E8042A2F746EE0C5710B6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.149723">52°08'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.03806">176°02'17"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7146243F6F734654400770DBF72D5D48" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.03806">176°02'17"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 201 m, 8 Jul 2002, 2 female in alcohol, USNM 1122884; Sea Storm 106,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.179447">52°10'46"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D42C2D88AF21B2B786B469A19384B352" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.179447">52°10'46"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.17612">175°10'34"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0C7E590FD54B6837C2B091078659B456" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.17612">175°10'34"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 165 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 female and 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1122885 and 1123288; Sea Storm 107,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.174446">52°10'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F058453D3EF1BD9519381C8F6D074E70" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.174446">52°10'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.23723">175°14'14"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="50E45960C52235CA789A9F17BBF4CC28" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.23723">175°14'14"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 214 m, 8 Jul 2002,4 female and 2 males in alcohol, USNM 1122866-70; Sea Storm 108,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="757F937F06E0CE9DB830F80CE0F4B10B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="175.28334">175°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E1CA9C2C393E628EEDD2B732FE594029" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="175.28334">175°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 208 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 female and 3 males, USNM 1122862-65; Sea Storm 109,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.287777">52°17'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0BB4CD8172AC9B173DB44202D3BDC956" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.287777">52°17'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.34888">175°20'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E67C1A1BA67B303DA9C34796A9801A4B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.34888">175°20'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 238 m, 8 Jul 2002, 6 female, 8 male, 3 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1122886 and 1123289; Sea Storm 122,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="679C013FC5917274A56D502F53F4B095" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.28166">175°16'54"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6AB0FCFDB9545BE072E2754DA349895D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.28166">175°16'54"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 143 m, 13 Jul 2002, 2 female and 7 males, USNM 1122858-61; Sea Storm 132,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.200558">52°12'02"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9954177B2DCAA5DF8EC68F5AD51BABFC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.200558">52°12'02"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.09888">176°05'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3BEB94445FEA9FEDAF5765EBDCC7CC6A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.09888">176°05'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 150 m, 15 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1122854; Sea Storm 133,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.22778">52°13'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1864DAB56521C4DC1C0EAF919768A282" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.22778">52°13'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.03696">176°02'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C3ED0E7CA1104B5F62A8EE44408AD310" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.03696">176°02'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 148 m, 15 Jul 2002, 1 male, 2 females in alcohol, USNM 1122855-57; Sea Storm 149,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.504166">52°30'15"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0CA003275E762EE4AEAB755FBC9687C1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.504166">52°30'15"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.55084">173°33'03"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="601B77CBC0556DCE4861262C8DE912DA" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.55084">173°33'03"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 239 m, 21 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1122883; Sea Storm 151,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.56111">52°33'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5416C7BD804A79F7003CB00B89A93BCD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.56111">52°33'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.55084">173°33'03"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B5E77D622F10188E8BBE612AA148119B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.55084">173°33'03"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 203 m, 21 Jul 2002, 1 female and 2 male, USNM 1122878-80; Sea Storm 155, 52°38'43'N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.57527">173°34'31"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="843F75FFCA6634C39C5B0C37A96B24C7" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.57527">173°34'31"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 393-401 m, 22 Jul 2002, 1 male and 1 indet., USNM 1122881-82; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.940002">53°56'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="328B835D53D456A7A1E1BF0FA5CAA11C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.940002">53°56'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="71F02F63E6556E829FD3F076C9B5E5CF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 318 m, 14 Mar 2000, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 1122549; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="54.116665">54°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A002C088D98C666F16DC159BF575F596" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="54.116665">54°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.75">179°45'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="591700CCA5C2B4E300755AEEA97BDB77" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.75">179°45'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 366 m, 20 Feb 2000, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 1122544-455; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.39139">54°23'29"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4478EB0C7FDAF3CF51ECD4E1ACD451FD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.39139">54°23'29"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.32944">179°19'46"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8F85A2711F7DCF2198E7A9447049D836" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.32944">179°19'46"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 413 m, 12 Feb 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122548; Vesteraalen 941-165,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.566666">51°34'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BCD260F7A478C78DF6547E2CC33B5191" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.566666">51°34'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.31667">178°19'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AC2E49FBD04F86B2FCD2BB77AF2D8D89" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.31667">178°19'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 470 m, 18 Jul 1994, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 96247; Slear, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.99778">51°59'52"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="00AB4DEA0901C194378E6BDC8F065427" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.99778">51°59'52"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.78473">176°47'05"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="498F8BFEDA05E6625E8ECA96B704D454" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.78473">176°47'05"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 241 m, 13 Nov 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122458; University of Washington,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="933EDF0DE87512967D78CA9F42639105" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.25">179°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="451A82738F740E6A91C8247FDBBE2A36" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.25">179°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 278-289 m, 1 Sep 1968, 1 female, USNM 76377;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.337498">54°20'15"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7150FC0999C34A9D657CB7AF951A9EBB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.337498">54°20'15"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-133.05528">133°03'19"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FBA0B835CD8A1D8DAB304C9424AEE3E6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-133.05528">133°03'19"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 457-466 m, 1 Sep 2002,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">1</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="565A52555BC0CBFB5614CA0F3A1519AC" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">1</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
female, USNM 1123535;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22861">51°13'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3C1805073F58BCAAA0B804071B59EFFE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22861">51°13'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="02BC5976A155AF33BD210178E9D0948E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 465-529 m, 13 Jun 2000, 1 male, USNM 1137421.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F0F221B2C84B626E49AF46E3BA1B9EEB" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D64F89EEB38F112E82AAB4B7789BC36D" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="696DF7664789AF8E06399BEF110DBB71" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Colonies usually uniplanar (Fig. 1B), but occasionally multiplanar or arborescent (Fig. 1A, C). Largest specimen examined (USNM 1122542, Fig. 1C) 11 cm tall and 20 cm broad, having a basal diameter of 3 cm, colonies broader than tall not uncommon. Base of colony broadly encrusting. Branching irregularly dichotomous, occasionally anastomotic. Large basal branches circular to elliptical in cross section, but terminal branches have flattened faces, thus rectangular in cross section. Branch tips blunt and rounded. Coenosteum white to light orange, the latter usually having branches with a white core. Coenosteum reticulate-granular in texture, the strips being 0.10-0.14 mm in width, each strip covered with tall (22
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2B9AF9AF8C150C7AFFDC5919272BBD48" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
tall, 9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="73D1E8B359279C896AA1AAE177CC33C3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter), slender granules arranged 8-10 across the width of a strip. Faces of distal branches often bear longitudinal ridges (Fig. 2A, D, K), some ridges up to 4 mm in length, sometimes ending distally in what appears to be a dactylopore opening (Fig. 2D).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<paragraph id="16D0E6BDB43BAC7734AA24F934566064" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Pore rows well defined (Fig. 2B), 1.0-1.3 mm in width, and restricted to lateral branch edges, although isolated rows and some irregularities may occur proximally on large colonies. Gastropores linearly arranged in a shallow sulcus, closely spaced (approximately 12-16 per cm), and circular in shape, measuring 0.33-0.41 mm in diameter. Gastropore tubes long and slightly curved, a diffuse ring palisade present near gastrostyle tip, the elements globular and about 30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="36C9E4E38205ED797AA0F20F06463792" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter; tabulae absent. Gastrostyles long, slender, and fragile, up to 1 mm in length and 0.09 mm in diameter, having high H:W ratios up to 8-10. Gastrostyles longitudinally ridged and bear numerous long slender spines up to 0.07 mm in length and 10-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8FEF07985E55B376102DCC84A7FD7615" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. U-shaped dactylopore spines arranged on both sides of gastropore row, but often more common on one side than the other, e.g., 18-20 dactylopore spines on one side opposite 28-40 spines on other side. Dactylopore spines up to 0.4 mm tall and 0.25-0.30 mm in width, with a dactylotome width of 0.07-0.08 mm, always directed toward or slightly obliquely to the adjacent gastropore. Dactylostyles absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Female ampullae (Fig. 2J) prominent, superficial, hemispherical mounds clustered on branch faces, 1.0-1.5 mm in diameter. Ampullae usually covered by low ridges, either radiating from the central apex or arranged in parallel, longitudinal rows aligned with branch axis. Lateral efferent pores 0.25-0.30 mm in diameter. Male ampullae (Fig. 2K) also superficial mounds, but mostly embedded in coenosteum (internal), also occurring in clusters on branch faces. Male ampullae irregular in shape, often with an apical tip, and smaller than female ampullae (0.35-0.45 mm in diameter).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="33B8BE31D5D082E27E1E5C50AEF9C85E" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Female ampullae (Fig. 2J) prominent, superficial, hemispherical mounds clustered on branch faces, 1.0-1.5 mm in diameter. Ampullae usually covered by low ridges, either radiating from the central apex or arranged in parallel, longitudinal rows aligned with branch axis. Lateral efferent pores 0.25-0.30 mm in diameter. Male ampullae (Fig. 2K) also superficial mounds, but mostly embedded in coenosteum (internal), also occurring in clusters on branch faces. Male ampullae irregular in shape, often with an apical tip, and smaller than female ampullae (0.35-0.45 mm in diameter).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F82CE22980326FFB72ECF60096A56FCB" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="56F95AE413D03799FC8130B7337367EA" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="18AA783610983406C3AEE56EF9DC6726" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
Among the 26 Recent species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Distichopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DE7220589C242E22096A10A42A61D83A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Distichopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F206B6D0301EBAD27709622FEBE74535" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="439 - 451" title="Revision of the Hawaiian Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Athecata)." url="doi: 10.1353/psc.2005.0034" volume="59" year="2005">Cairns 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0771C869E5D51AC9AAE9A09FF5C5BB41" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="439 - 451" title="Revision of the Hawaiian Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Athecata)." url="doi: 10.1353/psc.2005.0034" volume="59" year="2005">Cairns 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="55DAE9421409D9A48693ED371E8F0451" author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: WoRMS database - www.marinespecies.org), the most similar is
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis subsp. japonica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="borealis" subSpecies="japonica">Distichopora borealis japonica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AC3871EF33E7A953834935766487D394" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis subsp. japonica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="borealis" subSpecies="japonica">Distichopora borealis japonica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Broch, 1942, described from Sagami Bay, Japan (110 m). Although similar in gross morphology, subspecies japonica differs in coenosteal texture (porcellaneous), and in ampulla shape, each female ampulla having more than one efferent pore and the male ampullae clustered densely in a continuous mat. Also, the dactylotomes of the dactylopore spines are oriented upward to outward (away from the gastropores), not inward toward the gastropores. These differences would argue for an elevation to the specie
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">s</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="670708B0423F36E292115F3B44CC41C4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" start="start">s</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
level of this putative subspecies. The observations are based on examination of a fragment of a syntype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis subsp. japonica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="borealis" subSpecies="japonica">Distichopora borealis japonica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6BE523B911E5F58F4C31FC74763C3648" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis subsp. japonica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="borealis" subSpecies="japonica">Distichopora borealis japonica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(USNM 76868) and additional Japanese material deposited at the NMNH (USNM 44198, 44199, 44202, and 44217). Of the 111 specimens examined, 45 are female, 53 male, and 13 indeterminate in gender.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Common in the Aleutian Islands from the Near Islands to Amukta Pass, including Bowers Bank; off Cape Ommaney, Alexander Archipelago, and Dixon Entrance, Queen Charlotte Islands; 53-1267 m, the shallowest record being from Cape Ommaney.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9025F19344501D32791C93695D079A25" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0F5E5488DD6758FD2ED6C898CBF571CA" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F6E5DE30A781E38F11CBF724E8683AAD" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Common in the Aleutian Islands from the Near Islands to Amukta Pass, including Bowers Bank; off Cape Ommaney, Alexander Archipelago, and Dixon Entrance, Queen Charlotte Islands; 53-1267 m, the shallowest record being from Cape Ommaney.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="AB3DF807DC9E0D5B791D04D7460529BA" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EC7FA618C9D26A647C5F7EBE8F202798" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Figure 1. Color figures of skeleton of various Alaskan stylasterids:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–I">D-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
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||||
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FEB490C461E024492FCC4B4F4ECDA7C4" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3BB3755C63E315919DC76C546A174E76" originalValue="D–I">D-I</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="DB1E4298F40F2DAB93ED7F2FB1B3B77A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A arborescent colony, USNM 1122878 B holotype, USNM 43274 C largest known colony, USNM 1122542 D holotype, USNM 85077 E digitate form, USNM 1122492 F intermediate form between lamellar and digitate, USNM 96236 G juvenile corallum
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="H–I">H-I</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="8E0B1FFE2099DEB0D5BCD0720317124E" originalValue="H–I">H-I</normalizedToken>
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||||
side and apical views of fully developed lamellar colony.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<caption id="8F7DC7307C2E53DEFDB221825286E17B" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3045183E40D26BFEFC05ECD46740C39C" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Figure 2. Paratypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="02C20592B4C11843FFCD5993E4087333" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora borealis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="borealis">Distichopora borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 76810: A stereo view of carinate branch face
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="A21EF0557B48D43727D9C514A2D988C0" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
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pore row, B being a stereo view D branch face with longitudinal ridges
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="59ECE9BCAA85FF9F4325765939D024E2" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
|
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coenosteal texture G gastropore H dactylopore spine I stereo view of two gastrostyles J stereo view of pore row and female ampullae K stereo view of branch face and male ampullae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,73 +1,73 @@
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:553F70DBEB2541FB3255BE85B120B582" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/553F70DBEB2541FB3255BE85B120B582" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
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<treatment id="553F70DBEB2541FB3255BE85B120B582" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:553F70DBEB2541FB3255BE85B120B582" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/553F70DBEB2541FB3255BE85B120B582" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3CAA82677554AA06DC0548442E41183B" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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||||
<paragraph id="AB4AFDA0F3FCA9879C7E0B5CF1FF19E4" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Crypthelia" authority="Milne Edwards & Haime, 1849" authorityName="Milne Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1849" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Crypthelia Milne Edwards & Haime, 1849</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EF9BA74D219082E47E20B4F1EAA6BB27" ID-CoL="7NTVP" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Crypthelia" authority="Milne Edwards & Haime, 1849" authorityName="Milne Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1849" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Crypthelia Milne Edwards & Haime, 1849</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Colonies usually uniplanar and quite delicate. Coenosteum linear-imbricate and white; nematopores common. Gastro- and dactylopores arranged in cyclosystems that are arranged unifacially on colony, only rarely on both faces; cyclosystems covered all or in part by a fixed lid. Gastropore tube double-chambered, lacking gastro- and dactylostyles. Ampullae usually superficial with a variety of locations of efferent pores.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="54584B8539688B36C31C87DD47CCE2AA" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="960C5B136064F4D31A14FC1F4518264A" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2E072524C77E7F75E0410E9ADC25612D" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Colonies usually uniplanar and quite delicate. Coenosteum linear-imbricate and white; nematopores common. Gastro- and dactylopores arranged in cyclosystems that are arranged unifacially on colony, only rarely on both faces; cyclosystems covered all or in part by a fixed lid. Gastropore tube double-chambered, lacking gastro- and dactylostyles. Ampullae usually superficial with a variety of locations of efferent pores.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Crypthelia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AB4A8AAE2CE5C0FEE55A0FDFD2CB7187" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C9FBA700A75F34E6801B3E2A0C547836" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A249D74A1FEDA0921A046653139BC31F" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="923EF83EC1A77B026088E95CADE55165" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Crypthelia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the second-most species-rich genus in the family, currently boasting 31 Recent and one fossil species (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="878B86BC54CBD4CB60B373860B630E71" author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: www.marinespecies.org). They are easily recognized by the prominent fixed lid that covers each cyclosystem. They are more characteristic of deep water environment and hold the record for the deepest stylasterid species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia pudica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">Crypthelia pudica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8E4590A0B9FA7D6D123AF2056A7420CF" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="type species">
|
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<paragraph id="C994A294FAB562F9170E94434290E9E0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B5C2001A405690AB458E5B64BF1935B" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FFD4B2156057341849EC4D4FF8EB47AB" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia pudica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">Crypthelia pudica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Milne Edwards and Haime, 1849, by monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Eocene to Recent: cosmopolitan, but not off continental Antarctica, 183-2789 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E212BACF0591A616CD2F7F7935F37218" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6E8FF9338C58096E0C78AFA98566A3C8" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E89DCB81A5872745BFD78E8ACBFAFA97" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Eocene to Recent: cosmopolitan, but not off continental Antarctica, 183-2789 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
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@ -1,41 +1,42 @@
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<treatment id="65424420FFBCFFE5FF248EA9A68225EC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246041" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119360048" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246041" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65424420FFBCFFE5FF248EA9A68225EC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/65424420FFBCFFE5FF248EA9A68225EC" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
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<subSubSection id="A5F1A6BDFFBCFFE5FF248EA9A58926C0" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="nomenclature">
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|
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@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ Ruiz, 1943
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="ED54F536FFBCFFE5FE8D8F2FA75627C5" blockId="5.[151,1436,1203,2005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
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Hosts and records:
|
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<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBCFFE5FD998F2FA7992776" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[554,992,1333,1359]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Waglerophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
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<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBCFFE5FD998F2FA7992776" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[554,992,1333,1359]" genus="Waglerophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="merremi">
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<emphasis id="DF9F2924FFBCFFE5FD998F2FA7502777" box="[554,809,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Waglerophis merremi</emphasis>
|
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(Wagler 1824)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ Cope 1862 (
|
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)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBCFFE5FB8A8C79A5EE2491" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Waglerophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
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<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBCFFE5FB8A8C79A5EE2491" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" genus="Waglerophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
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<emphasis id="DF9F2924FFBCFFE5FB8A8C79A14C2445" box="[1081,1333,1635,1660]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Waglerophis merremi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Wagler 1824)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,41 +1,42 @@
|
|||
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<treatment id="65424420FFBFFFE9FF248E65A687235D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6246054" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119360058" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6246054" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:65424420FFBFFFE9FF248E65A687235D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/65424420FFBFFFE9FF248E65A687235D" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
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|
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@ -226,7 +227,7 @@ Hosts and records:
|
|||
(Cope, 1862)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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(BA),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FB2A88D5A585212D" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Waglerophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merremi">
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<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FB2A88D5A585212D" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" genus="Waglerophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="merremi">
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<emphasis id="DF9F2924FFBEFFE7FB2A88D5A1E420D1" box="[1177,1437,719,744]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Waglerophis merremi</emphasis>
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(Wagler 1824)
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</taxonomicName>
|
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|
|
@ -253,7 +254,7 @@ Boero
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</paragraph>
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Host and record:
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<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FDBB89C8A7CD21D5" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[520,948,978,1004]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Waglerophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merremi">
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<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FDBB89C8A7CD21D5" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[520,948,978,1004]" genus="Waglerophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="merremi">
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<emphasis id="DF9F2924FFBEFFE7FDBB89C8A77D21D2" box="[520,772,978,1003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Waglerophis merremi</emphasis>
|
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(Wagler 1824)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -285,7 +286,7 @@ Peracca 1897 (
|
|||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FDCA8ECEA05D26D7" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[633,1060,1236,1262]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Waglerophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FDCA8ECEA05D26D7" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[633,1060,1236,1262]" genus="Waglerophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DF9F2924FFBEFFE7FDCA8ECEA70C26D4" box="[633,885,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Waglerophis merremi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Wagler 1824)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -403,7 +404,7 @@ Hosts and records:
|
|||
(Günther, 1858)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(BA),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FC5E8CC3A1E524CA" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[1005,1436,1753,1779]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Waglerophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FC5E8CC3A1E524CA" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[1005,1436,1753,1779]" genus="Waglerophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DF9F2924FFBEFFE7FC5E8CC3A09024CB" box="[1005,1257,1753,1778]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Waglerophis merremi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Wagler 1824)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -428,7 +429,7 @@ References:
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ED54F536FFBEFFE7FE8D8DC6A78825CF" blockId="7.[222,1437,158,2038]" box="[318,1009,2012,2038]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Host and record:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FDBB8DC6A7CD25CF" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[520,948,2012,2038]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Waglerophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFBEFFE7FDBB8DC6A7CD25CF" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[520,948,2012,2038]" genus="Waglerophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DF9F2924FFBEFFE7FDBB8DC6A77C25CC" box="[520,773,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Waglerophis merremi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Wagler 1824)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -468,7 +469,7 @@ Hosts and records:
|
|||
Cope, 1862
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(F),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFB1FFE8FC178B6CA12423A9" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[932,1373,374,400]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Waglerophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFB1FFE8FC178B6CA12423A9" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[932,1373,374,400]" genus="Waglerophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DF9F2924FFB1FFE8FC178B6CA0DD23B6" box="[932,1188,374,399]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="59">Waglerophis merremi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Wagler 1824)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -627,7 +628,7 @@ Pereira, 1928
|
|||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ED54F536FFB1FFE8FE8D8F1AA7692425" blockId="8.[222,1437,158,1962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
Hosts and records:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFB1FFE8FD948F1AA7A32723" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[551,986,1280,1306]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Waglerophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2AEB8EB5FFB1FFE8FD948F1AA7A32723" authority="Wagler 1824" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1824" box="[551,986,1280,1306]" genus="Waglerophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="merremi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DF9F2924FFB1FFE8FD948F1AA75D2720" box="[551,804,1280,1305]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="59">Waglerophis merremi</emphasis>
|
||||
(Wagler 1824)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,76 +1,76 @@
|
|||
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<treatment id="6E5B321FFFB3FFEE74ECF90CC4B7FE7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7937325" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209622402" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7937325" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E5B321FFFB3FFEE74ECF90CC4B7FE7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E5B321FFFB3FFEE74ECF90CC4B7FE7E" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="467" pageId="22" pageNumber="467">
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<treatment id="6E5B321FFFB3FFEE74ECF90CC4B7FE7E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7937325" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209622402" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7937325" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6E5B321FFFB3FFEE74ECF90CC4B7FE7E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E5B321FFFB3FFEE74ECF90CC4B7FE7E" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="467" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" scope_family="Orientocreadiidae" scope_superFamily="Plagiorchioidea">
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<subSubSection id="AEE8D082FFB3FFE074ECF90CC7BCF88F" box="[151,655,1770,1797]" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E64D8309FFB3FFE074ECF90CC7BCF88F" blockId="22.[151,655,1770,1833]" box="[151,655,1770,1797]" pageId="22" pageNumber="467">
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<heading id="BD053465FFB3FFE074ECF90CC7BCF88F" bold="true" box="[151,655,1770,1797]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" reason="1">
|
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<emphasis id="D4865F1BFFB3FFE074ECF90CC7BCF88F" bold="true" box="[151,655,1770,1797]" pageId="22" pageNumber="467">
|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFB3FFE07495F90CC7BCF88F" ID-CoL="8bc4451e-fbb3-4d44-83ef-4b6ac1b67cc9" authority="Qiu, Zhang & Li, 1983" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" box="[238,655,1770,1797]" class="Trematoda" family="Opisthorchiidae" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" superFamily="Plagiorchioidea">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFB3FFE07495F90CC7BCF88F" ID-CoL="8bc4451e-fbb3-4d44-83ef-4b6ac1b67cc9" authority="Qiu, Zhang & Li, 1983" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" box="[238,655,1770,1797]" class="Trematoda" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" superFamily="Plagiorchioidea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D4865F1BFFB3FFE07495F90CC45FF88E" bold="true" box="[238,364,1770,1797]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="467">Longigula</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8263FEF8FFB3FFE07508F90CC7BCF88F" author="Qiu, Z. Z. & Zhang, R. S. & Li, Q. K." box="[371,655,1770,1797]" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" pagination="229 - 233" refId="ref38840" refString="Qiu, Z. Z., Zhang, R. S. & Li, Q. K. (1983) A new genus and two new species of the family Plagiorchiidae (Trematoda) found in turtles from Hubei Province, China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 8, 229 - 233. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1983">Qiu, Zhang & Li, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Qiu
|
|||
. (1983)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
established
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFB3FFE075ADF8B1C77AF8FA" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" box="[470,585,1879,1905]" class="Trematoda" family="Opisthorchiidae" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFB3FFE075ADF8B1C77AF8FA" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" box="[470,585,1879,1905]" class="Trematoda" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D4865F1BFFB3FFE075ADF8B1C77AF8FA" box="[470,585,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="467">Longigula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
within the
|
||||
|
|
@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ within the
|
|||
to include two species: the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="39493DABFFB3FFE070EEF8B1C1F6F8FA" box="[1173,1221,1879,1905]" pageId="22" pageNumber="467">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFB3FFE07152F8B1C4ECF81E" authority="Qiu, Zhang & Li, 1983" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" class="Trematoda" family="Opisthorchiidae" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="auris">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFB3FFE07152F8B1C4ECF81E" authority="Qiu, Zhang & Li, 1983" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" class="Trematoda" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="auris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D4865F1BFFB3FFE07152F8B1C5E2F81F" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="467">Longigula auris</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8263FEF8FFB3FFE074A3F89DC4ECF81E" author="Qiu, Z. Z. & Zhang, R. S. & Li, Q. K." box="[216,479,1915,1941]" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" pagination="229 - 233" refId="ref38840" refString="Qiu, Z. Z., Zhang, R. S. & Li, Q. K. (1983) A new genus and two new species of the family Plagiorchiidae (Trematoda) found in turtles from Hubei Province, China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 8, 229 - 233. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1983">Qiu, Zhang & Li, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ species,
|
|||
[Gray]), from Suixian County,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="9EE5C399FFB3FFE07065F879C157F832" box="[1054,1124,1951,1977]" name="China" pageId="22" pageNumber="467">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, as well as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFB3FFE0709BF879C4FFF856" authority="Qiu, Zhang & Li, 1983" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" class="Trematoda" family="Opisthorchiidae" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="papillus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFB3FFE0709BF879C4FFF856" authority="Qiu, Zhang & Li, 1983" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" class="Trematoda" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="papillus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D4865F1BFFB3FFE0709BF879C58BF856" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="467">Longigula papillus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8263FEF8FFB3FFE074BAF825C4FFF856" author="Qiu, Z. Z. & Zhang, R. S. & Li, Q. K." box="[193,460,1987,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="467" pagination="229 - 233" refId="ref38840" refString="Qiu, Z. Z., Zhang, R. S. & Li, Q. K. (1983) A new genus and two new species of the family Plagiorchiidae (Trematoda) found in turtles from Hubei Province, China. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 8, 229 - 233. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1983">Qiu, Zhang & Li, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
|
|
@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ from the intestine of the snake-eating, yellow-margined box or golden-headed tur
|
|||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="D4865F1BFFBDFFEE7602FF5DC63AFF5F" box="[633,777,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="469">sensu stricto</emphasis>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFBDFFEE7758FF5DC6A5FF5E" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" box="[803,918,187,213]" class="Trematoda" family="Opisthorchiidae" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="24" pageNumber="469" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFBDFFEE7758FF5DC6A5FF5E" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" box="[803,918,187,213]" class="Trematoda" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="24" pageNumber="469" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D4865F1BFFBDFFEE7758FF5DC6A5FF5E" box="[803,918,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="469">Longigula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
exhibits the same morphology, in particular, possessing a unipartite sacciform seminal vesicle within the cirrus-pouch (see
|
||||
|
|
@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ Karar
|
|||
). Based on the nature of the seminal vesicle within the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFBDFFEE76D9FEC1C677FECA" authorityName="Luhe" authorityYear="1901" box="[674,836,295,321]" class="Trematoda" family="Plagiorchiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="24" pageNumber="469" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Plagiorchiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(bipartite, tubular or coiled) either at the expanded or restricted levels, we find
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFBDFFEE75CEFEADC71BFEEE" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" box="[437,552,331,357]" class="Trematoda" family="Opisthorchiidae" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="24" pageNumber="469" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21F2F88AFFBDFFEE75CEFEADC71BFEEE" authorityName="Qiu, Zhang & Li" authorityYear="1983" box="[437,552,331,357]" class="Trematoda" genus="Longigula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="24" pageNumber="469" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D4865F1BFFBDFFEE75CEFEADC71BFEEE" box="[437,552,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="469">Longigula</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
does not resemble plagiorchiids; it appears most closely related to
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,359 +1,359 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032759" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72DAC521A258DBB10F5FF32D12D53EA4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/72DAC521A258DBB10F5FF32D12D53EA4" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Errinopora_nanneca" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
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<treatment id="72DAC521A258DBB10F5FF32D12D53EA4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032759" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72DAC521A258DBB10F5FF32D12D53EA4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/72DAC521A258DBB10F5FF32D12D53EA4" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5471B3BE4F31C0466EBE48EB0737F718" ID-CoL="3B9M6" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Errinopora_nanneca" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 5B,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I10A–K">G-I10A-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2BD9FAB548D8F121D37EFA8F0E266C97" originalValue="G–I10A–K">G-I10A-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38F60473629CE10235CFA57899EEF1C2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6A77426F423D82E37DD1C41BADDAB27A" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="490475F1A939E8C51BF4EF71592738DE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 538-539, pl. 66, fig. 1, pl. 67, pl. 69, figs 2, 2a.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="12719EF774C4AD3593F5BAE269BA5A64" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 57.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AB2C436780880C329DA30C6C45E141E3" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 559, fig. 404.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0F4D7C4A5577F83608CBC94421A4709C" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 462.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6A9B051A7ADABE90B29A330D68C86523" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 43 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7C86FA235E8EB814D16A42A4F2870518" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 100-101 (mineralogy).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2D1432FA0972C31C1C118D84D40026B1" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lindner, A" journalOrPublisher="PhD thesis, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Duke University" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Evolution and Taxonomy of Stylasterid Corals (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae)." year="2005">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="77C46605151683E0919782B4E651D71D" author="Lindner, A" journalOrPublisher="PhD thesis, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Duke University" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Evolution and Taxonomy of Stylasterid Corals (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae)." year="2005">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 87 (redescription, key), 103-106, figs 4.2E, 4.8, 4.15.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="115F821B978BA81FE6670C5155723ABA" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133, 137 (listed).-Wing and Barnard 2005: 27 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6DC7EB33FA7BAB21DBF3E2AACCBA241A" author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 528, figs 2G, 3C.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0AAF872CF265D70807CA1DF31618BEE3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 107 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2451C7A90B148076CF24D382410CEB7E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="390F1DF87E4CB9889BE0CBABA641289E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, and supplemental Table S1: 3 (phylogeny and DNA sequences).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nannacea" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nannacea">Errinopora nannacea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0110861A49A7F9298FFB9D2E5CF02797" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BECA15D8B8A773AD3C73BB32F6E1688A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nannacea" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nannacea">Errinopora nannacea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="61 - 163" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.1029/AR038p0061" volume="38" year="1983 a">Cairns 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0D87BCE8D7FB21CE20A542DA98367B69" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="61 - 163" title="Antarctic and Subantarctic Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.1029/AR038p0061" volume="38" year="1983 a">Cairns 1983a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 127 (incorrect spelling).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nummeca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nummeca">Errinopora nummeca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="92D6A33386FCB2F6F71B9571BFD7C2C7" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="37F8D21D1C5BE7DC14CF0C1F55A0D586" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nummeca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nummeca">Errinopora nummeca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lowe, TP" journalOrPublisher="MS thesis, Washington DC, USA, George Washington University, Washington D. C." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="A Comparative Study of Stony Hydroids, Order Stylasterina, of Southern South America and Adjacent Antarctic Regions." year="1967">Lowe 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D03D15F5D30012755FE5523FD339DC52" author="Lowe, TP" journalOrPublisher="MS thesis, Washington DC, USA, George Washington University, Washington D. C." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="A Comparative Study of Stony Hydroids, Order Stylasterina, of Southern South America and Adjacent Antarctic Regions." year="1967">Lowe 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 83 (incorrect spelling).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora pourtalesi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesi">Errinopora pourtalesi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="515144667425B842A2D233409CAA87EF" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0288550AF39B93E34101E91ADD9D7D62" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora pourtalesi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pourtalesi">Errinopora pourtalesi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4812F90CF350730A91DF3862805754E6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 58, fig. 28 (USNM 1123450).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EF2B9ED962F7ADBD676AE6DF136488BD" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="20390EF0B0F933EB852559C9B2F8F0CE" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5BE80EBB41876E5B0C8F68864B03A818" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Holotype: Alb-3599, a dry female colony 13 cm in height, USNM 42875 (Fig. 5B). Paratypes: Alb-3599, 6 colonies, including that figured by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="282CB68320ED6FE623FFB10FC6F97900" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: plate 67), 4 female, 1 male, 1 indet., all dry, USNM 52263. All other specimens mentioned by Fisher from Alb-3599 and 4777 are expressed excluded from type status
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">according</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="524267772612340E5D00FADA044F2D6A" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">according</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN," journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, IV edition." year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EAA28EC2FA30E7E29F1B75619CA95FAA" author="ICZN," journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, IV edition." year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
article 72.4.6. Type locality.Alb-3599:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.083332">52°05'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="295126E54B06588F165012BF6DDA44FA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.083332">52°05'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="177.66667">177°40'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7F0549890948673A52F1353BA5012B1F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="177.66667">177°40'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(off Kiska Island, Rat Islands, Aleutian Islands), 101 m, 9 Jun 1894.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5D8E072E2A8AF04312A5E2B67D034CA5" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
Material examined.Alb-3480,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BFE220E107B7BCBF042633FA8C275949" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="95A68D8A1A22ADE9FFDCCBC31A1C2732" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 517 m, 8 Jul 1891, 1 indet., part of type series of Errinopora zarhyncha, ex. USNM 52247; Alb-3599, type locality, 8 female, 8 male, USNM 52248; Alb-4777,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6DC8329741000D0E9054F09B416B282B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.81667">179°49'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="74CBB7044680775AEA51F6A79BEB2C6B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.81667">179°49'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 95 m, 5 Jun 1906, 11 female, 7 male, USNM 44070, 52249, 60299, and 62715; Alaskan Leader 35,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.03">53°01'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="488499480DDBC165C4B3FBA45AFF7834" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.03">53°01'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-170.10333">170°06'12"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="065041F689CB0024568CDDF311934DCB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-170.10333">170°06'12"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 172-178 m, 4 Jun 2002, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 1123451 and 1123532; Alaskan Leader 54,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.763332">51°45'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9A4342718F43EB2D40A74E382CC52747" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.763332">51°45'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.10223">179°06'08"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="744BECB7F951954C2784C88F30473D31" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.10223">179°06'08"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 90-467 m, 11 Jun 2002,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">1</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="4FE1ED3EAF46F479015C49A17AD956F5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">1</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
female, USNM 1123378; Delta,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.225002">51°13'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0842B13FD33DB86D02C882540B7336F6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.225002">51°13'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.88805">179°53'17" E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BDFBEFED7DD111E0671F997D1C132235" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.88805">179°53'17" E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 40 m, 16 Jul 2002, 1 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1123377; Delta 5599,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.557835">52°33.47'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="363C291104E18BE44F91128AB3DF0DD7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.557835">52°33.47'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="179.44067">179°26.44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="09B2BB8A1A0031942B53720D35A9E602" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="179.44067">179°26.44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 225 m, 15 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1123452; Delta 5605,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84861">51°50'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="66D49CEC69672A203502FEBB1F466DDF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84861">51°50'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.80362">179°48'13"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="33BDB8C53E18385B5858F91C9525742F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.80362">179°48'13"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 125 m, 17 Jul 2002, 1 male, 4 indet., USNM 1123450 and 1123462; Delta 5607,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.39917">51°23'57"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="98FAE3F5AA2C7B9D2B5255CD449A9FBC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.39917">51°23'57"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.80972">179°48'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1A4D9113A85E6EFDBFCBC74DB1DD7099" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.80972">179°48'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 182 m, 16 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1123459; Delta 5620,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.961113">51°57'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A25DB2F0EBC263D95290246C46C55333" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.961113">51°57'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.01167">176°00'42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="26657A2352B2F4B51CDE7841B728E23F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.01167">176°00'42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 150 m, 24 Jul 2002, 2 female with fragments in alcohol, USNM 1027820 and 1123510; Delta 5622,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.958332">51°57.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6CEDAB431F42D72CD5948BE8FFCB473" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.958332">51°57.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-176.835">176°50.1'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="91C106D5ED0F65CD6D7CE0D306265319" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-176.835">176°50.1'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 140 m, 24 Jul 2002, 2 female, 1 male, and fragments in alcohol, USNM 1123468, 1123472, and 1123472; Delta 5625,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.961666">51°57.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4CAD4BAB90D50B41B875AB225A013674" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.961666">51°57.7'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-176.83667">176°50.2'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E9C0FD376521D7312879EA506491E4F6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-176.83667">176°50.2'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 130 m, 25 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1123473; MF 833-47,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.926666">51°55'36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8E535E47AAC82E703F8B5BE423739250" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.926666">51°55'36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.88">176°52'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4F4FB17FFAC4A710D0B892B6587EDB50" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.88">176°52'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 201 m, 5 Aug 1983, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 77049; MF 833-49,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="52.003334">52°00.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="087CE07CFB88F1964EC615FC92147B9B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="52.003334">52°00.2'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-176.35667">176°21.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F3D366016196A272655691E5312E1A2D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-176.35667">176°21.4'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 115 m, 5 Aug 1983, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 77031; MF 833-56,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.035">52°02'06"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E5B1683F703798D3617FA6C7421589C0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.035">52°02'06"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.37666">176°22'36"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5313302E6F7CFFD22ED623E33CD419F4" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.37666">176°22'36"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 249 m, 6 Aug 1983, 1 female, USNM 77044; MF 833-69,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="52.046665">52°02.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="86B16AFCCC6226E6EDECBABF025ED659" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="52.046665">52°02.8'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.45334">179°27.2'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AA21E28CD831AEBA69467810AB63D048" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.45334">179°27.2'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 63 m, 25 Aug 1983, 1 indet., in alcohol, USNM 77030; Pacific Knight 941-61,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.283333">52°17'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="87DC9A0F5C10C74BEDC18F38FDDDD08B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.283333">52°17'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-173.1">173°06'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2B457BAE75C97C5E4B6F455E9E530DE4" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-173.1">173°06'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-143 m, 17 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96254; Sea Storm 86,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.60583">51°36'21"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C39C044372C84D5003E3091551C9C55C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.60583">51°36'21"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.29417">176°17'39"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6EE79A319E438D31EAFB0394E56DD172" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.29417">176°17'39"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 345 m, 3 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1123475; Sea Storm 92,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.559444">51°33'34"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D1D07C45379F4836BF0EB08A90F19D12" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.559444">51°33'34"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-177.66667">177°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A17875B4060AAB837DA0497EE8990F68" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-177.66667">177°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 367 m, 4 Jul 2002, 3 female, 3 male, USNM 1123529, 1123469-70, and 1123376; Sea Storm 100,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.71639">51°42'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8438C4263E3F2C45797C11CDB4034D88" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.71639">51°42'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.78528">175°47'07"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5DDCD5AF89EB1C774BD02E3EA06EE0" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.78528">175°47'07"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 86 m, 7 Jul 2002, 1 indet., in alcohol, USNM 1123520; Sea Storm 105,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.149723">52°08'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DFD8FDCC6CF210E7559702D7F6DA818D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.149723">52°08'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.11307">175°06'47"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A7DAB82767AC21D105499B3070FD7B74" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.11307">175°06'47"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 201 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1123519; Sea Storm 108,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="136CE076AFAB83C5D79A4E1A22C3F53B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="175.28334">175°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="ABF8922E4F72B5246671C5CB6CA4CC12" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="175.28334">175°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 208 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1123517; Sea Storm 111,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.27222">52°16'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EAC8332EF814F0DE9C41423EC5CB0750" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.27222">52°16'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.98695">175°59'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8674A459F26E3CD8A04E75361FCD9EE1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.98695">175°59'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 137 m, 9 Jul 2002, 1 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1123518; Sea Storm 112,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.253334">52°15'12"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3F4A0C440A911FA4AC71A6D8D707FF8D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.253334">52°15'12"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.01167">176°00'42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="CFA6E8FB6A5B7A9111496FD3C4BD6A10" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.01167">176°00'42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 137 m, 9 Jul 2002, 1 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1123512; Sea Storm 114,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.04139">52°02'29"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E54055CF98504511EDE3962447DE8A08" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.04139">52°02'29"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="177.65">177°39'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="486BB2480F9D266A5FD4D968598FE1B5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="177.65">177°39'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 130 m, 10 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1123515; Sea Storm 115,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.07111">52°04'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9651171D26522AC630CCBBC30254E78E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.07111">52°04'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.31778">177°19'04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3311464A36D1108F4693945DC502F2A9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.31778">177°19'04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 165 m, 10 Jul 2002, 2 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1123474 and 1123513; Sea Storm 116,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.069443">52°04'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="58EA03344171EB225A887872D45452F9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.069443">52°04'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="177.24">177°14.4'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="693FFFE17B5417D9BD86C7F3283F325D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="177.24">177°14.4'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 87-94 m, 11 Jul 2002, 5 male, 1 indet., USNM 1123516; Sea Storm 118,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.003887">52°00'14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E4A7CC497F70C2602D466AC2C7F71B89" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.003887">52°00'14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.31778">177°19'04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AEE074B716CF756800330B7BDDA543B9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.31778">177°19'04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 104-111 m, 11 Jul 2002, 2 female, 2 male, USNM 1123375 and 1123471; Sea Storm 122,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="83BDBC3CCD0074AA2CAFDCD668D3F441" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.42168">179°25'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C20B203EC5BFDD3BF0D1B697A491B0F1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.42168">179°25'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 143 m, 13 Jul 2002, 1 indet., USNM 1123511; Sea Storm 126,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.22278">52°13'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F162121188CDC9391F91971C7643F841" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.22278">52°13'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.82388">179°49'26"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A7F213AAB901F3CA586FD6707A2CBA63" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.82388">179°49'26"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 115 m, 13 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1123466; Sea Storm 128,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.05611">52°03'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B53BA467EB879A6EAE89980482ADE41A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.05611">52°03'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-179.80217">179°48.13'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B6C52AE7145998A4842447EE9F309A6F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-179.80217">179°48.13'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 242 m, 14 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1123374; Sea Storm 157,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.209724">52°12'35"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7BC148F83CEAFAE99FAE30C0FFD20432" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.209724">52°12'35"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-172.20555">172°12'20"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DCA346997A008603BF3276F74AB7BE54" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-172.20555">172°12'20"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 348 m, 23 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1123467; Vesteraalen 941-50,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.566666">52°34'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EBB0810E55CCEFA72F3B06F738165814" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.566666">52°34'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.66667">170°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A37F0B0F232CC56C2A3442A389FF7403" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.66667">170°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-88 m, 13 Jun 1994, 3 female, 3 male, USNM 96252 and 1138188; Vesteraalen 941-59,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.2">52°12'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="786EEB00EF253F1905357B83B4C86AD2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.2">52°12'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.2">172°12'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="720BA446059779436F47867ECD3B8D02" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.2">172°12'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-360 m, 14 Jun 1994, 3 male, USNM 96251 and 1123514; Vesteraalen 941-61,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.083332">52°05'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B174F8AB3E19D53F481CF62B916E605A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.083332">52°05'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.43333">172°26'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="89A50ED986107B6AD336C8B8A157763E" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.43333">172°26'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-156 m, 15 Jun 1994, 5 female, USNM 96253; Vesteraalen 941-151,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8EBE6AE95CFF3CC34C8E965D3C0EB7D1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.73334">179°44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="413D660337FE50D923A18D6916C544EC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.73334">179°44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-151 m, 10 Jul 1994, 1 indet., USNM 96257; Vesteraalen 941-153,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.166668">52°10'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3A2C12120172AD1161F8C8E6227842EF" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.166668">52°10'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.71666">179°43'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FD40B69329EFF2380226CEC45548385D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.71666">179°43'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-94 m, 10 Jul 1994, 1 female, 4 indet., USNM 96531; Vesteraalen 941-154,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.066666">52°04'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D5F2536EFF552D733C3842ADCC93D256" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.066666">52°04'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.78334">179°47'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6485D6EC3F1EE9780C911A54DCBB30DC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.78334">179°47'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-254 m, 11 Jul 1994, 1 male, USNM 96258; Vesteraalen 941-163,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.616665">51°37'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C004F3B618DF4D297A4DE06FE3A216F0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.616665">51°37'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.41667">178°25'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5233C3F9160044716201D334F2DC9B85" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.41667">178°25'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-155 m, 18 Jul 1994, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 96256; Vesteraalen 941-185,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.066666">52°04'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D278A6899BA5F085CA00EB76A6913843" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.066666">52°04'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="176.5">176°30'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="04AE032CFBCDDC740510194CBE175322" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="176.5">176°30'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-91 m, 24 Jul 1994, 1 male, USNM 96255;Vesteraalen 3,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.629997">52°37'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="20F7E2E84AA4B305288D43554B3F9FD3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.629997">52°37'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-169.78778">169°47'16"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="097D89746D0972EF9B06D5888D51F604" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-169.78778">169°47'16"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 80 m, 21 May
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">2001</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="8151A0A4F1C37F2B8D092D9141324DC7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">2001</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1123368; Gulf of Alaska, 219 m, 1 indet., USNM 77414; Renfro, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.038055">52°02'17"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B3257CB1154B5E69C04CECA1CCC67973" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.038055">52°02'17"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.4225">179°25'21"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="663AA73BA312230007F86B15CCAD30DA" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.4225">179°25'21"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 236 m, 5 Apr 2000, 1 female, USNM 1123455;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.3">52°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BC0A83151B85F6D3E35D84ABA6C968A8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.3">52°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.80972">179°48'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7E78795CAEA2A81167F98D98275D7E92" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.80972">179°48'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 490 m, 28 May 2000, 1 indet., USNM 1123457.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F4B8A0367683CB279302E8298D765BE4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6604C5C6747E02F49DAA055BACC628C0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="859EDA2C2F749CE6C0BBE7F90717C209" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
Colonies quite variable in shape. Most colonies examined uniplanar, consisting of irregularly dichotomous, non-anastomotic branching (e.g., the holotype, Fig. 5B). The opposite extreme is multilobate and multiplanar colonies (Fig. 5H), composed of thin blades of corallum set in a three dimensional arrangement. Virtually all intergrades in colony shape were observed, including some having both large flattened lobes and slender branches (Fig. 5G). Tallest colony examined (USNM 96252) 21 cm in height with a basal branch diameter of 3.5 cm, but a broken colony having a basal diameter of 4 cm (USNM 1123516) implies an even larger size. Although distal branches often circular in cross section, more often they are somewhat compressed in branching plane. Parasitic spionid polychaete worms often form tubes along axis of branches, Fig. 8 in cross section. Coenosteum reticulate-spinose, the narrow strips only about 60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F333E22D01E44BD8D9BFBDC8DB0E8E16" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide and bordered by slits of equal width, each strip bearing irregularly unilinearly arranged spines, altogether producing a porous or rough coenosteal texture. Coenosteum light orange to light pink.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<paragraph id="292AFB6027BD19E0FCFB741082472A05" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
Dactylopore spines isolated or arranged in transverse to oblique rows on distal branches, their dactylotomes facing upward (abcauline), their edges often fusing with edges of adjacent dactylopore spines. On more proximal branches and the basal branch, dactylopore spines fewer in number, and arranged in pseudocyclosystems, short rows, isolated, or as circles around small islands of 2-5 gastropores. Dactylopore spines strongly favor one face of corallum, and are much less common on opposite face. Dactylopore spines relatively small, only about 0.4 mm in maximum height and 0.30-0.35 mm in width, the dactylotome occupying middle third. Small (40-115
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="001B5ABDFFBD57B6CBB519E2B166F527" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter) secondary dactylopores flush with coenosteum common. Outer surface of dactylopore spines prominently ridged; inner surface bears a moderately robust dactylostyle (40-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FA6311954D035823B804E40CEEB50E75" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in width, Fig. 10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="J–K">J-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D7F091839AB1CBB2E2EB24702C0C27DD" originalValue="J–K">J-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) composed of elements up to 18
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2DC86C20CED70A5E4BD085430CFA1092" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
tall and 7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2891D592EE47A08270A3490A9FE5A3EC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5277091096AD6B674A899C8AB85D977F" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
Gastropores circular and flush with coenosteum, 0.15-0.44 mm in diameter, the average about 0.20 mm. Gastropore tube cylindrical, without a ring palisade. Gastrostyles lanceolate, up to 0.55 mm in height, bearing spinose longitudinal, sometimes anastomosing, ridges that themselves bear small spines up to 32
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B3EA3466CE5890D7975C3DE83CA3F675" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long and 8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7F64129A2A693E0A57517B8AC9F7B104" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. Smaller secondary gastropores, lacking gastrostyles, also present, these 0.11-0.19 mm in diameter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Female ampullae (Fig. 10C) large hemispheres 1.1-1.8 mm in diameter, occurring fairly densely and equally on both corallum faces. Dactylopore spines often occur on female ampullae. Efferent pores rarely observed, but are lateral and up to 0.5 mm in diameter. Male ampullae smaller mounds 0.4-0.7 mm in diameter, clustered, and somewhat irregular in shape. Both types of ampullae porous, like the coenosteum.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1AF449D4CEDA2F97D532B5C39C488BC4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Female ampullae (Fig. 10C) large hemispheres 1.1-1.8 mm in diameter, occurring fairly densely and equally on both corallum faces. Dactylopore spines often occur on female ampullae. Efferent pores rarely observed, but are lateral and up to 0.5 mm in diameter. Male ampullae smaller mounds 0.4-0.7 mm in diameter, clustered, and somewhat irregular in shape. Both types of ampullae porous, like the coenosteum.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C22FEE637A96186F4649D4AF0F57AA7A" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="843A1FE9AD9EFB7060E28798FC5A7045" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1D08866BFEFF46907590756BCD88254A" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1DC074442026D780728BB09D5208A87A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of three species in the genus having a predominantly unilateral arrangement of dactylopore spines in which only one row of laterally fused spines (usually proximal to gastropores) have their dactylotomes facing
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">a</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="790123AFA63072469554CAA46837F0B8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">a</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
gastropore or gastropore row, the other species being
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB1DB36BFA67543002C5F50201A260D6" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2343CF6FA6F1A011CA97BCE355B24B5E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see Dichotomous Key and Table 1).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D2A532B874BDA0DC1B642E5558094330" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="06896F210F951F8DAC0F6C0AC79C1600" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the account of the latter species, but differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7255A858257249679FAB08BB6B778D94" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having shorter dactylopore spines and smaller gastropores, uniplanar colonies, and prominently ridged dactylopore spines. Of the 126 specimens examined, 58 are female, 42 male, and 26 indeterminate in gender. The corallum was found to be 100% calcitic according to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8E8B2EE535FFE38B68D2AF10523954EA" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Aleutian Islands from eastern Rat Islands to Islands of Four Mountains, including Petrel Bank; 40-517 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B1BA2841874BC8DA716EE52B29489E22" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8867B105F4B5EF328BFEF8B900B36647" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="90DF262E8D0D70FC734160A610C873E5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Aleutian Islands from eastern Rat Islands to Islands of Four Mountains, including Petrel Bank; 40-517 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="800C826E34E25810DD65215456666D7A" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B432FC9BC20C26EAE79E00741AF8A4B1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
Figure 10.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1AA5542745635D39DF36956EBD2D737B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3FF7BD4726D876E7BB48DE4624EDAA64" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
female holotype,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–K">D-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E7772216F1D732465A56BF4A0383EE2D" originalValue="D–K">D-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
USNM 96252:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D317F99595D48CF6FD9804D5A86F55DD" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
dactylopore spines on branch tips C stereo view of clustered female ampullae
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D3DC93083DB6FEE6E795822999951B16" originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
lateral views of gastrostyles
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="H–I">H-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="70FB0423C5CFA463BB40E864D0F60678" originalValue="H–I">H-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
coenosteal texture
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="J–K">J-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6A6A63C11432D896215FD0A24B85263C" originalValue="J–K">J-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
dactylostyle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,125 +1,125 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart>Lindner, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0EC9EDD850F3BF9664DD4D8452E4CA98">Lindner, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CD81A53464C8C789A437715CB6AC19DA">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032753" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D0958D971D8614B00DA843E606B4BB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D0958D971D8614B00DA843E606B4BB2" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_elassotomus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<treatment id="7D0958D971D8614B00DA843E606B4BB2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032753" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7D0958D971D8614B00DA843E606B4BB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7D0958D971D8614B00DA843E606B4BB2" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subGenus="Stylaster" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DE3E01900DBD5F24A5DE7DD5D160DC22" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F818C1CD296F570CBAEBD9EA40D493ED" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7C6471DCCF11FCE1EA08F6313B10EE0E" ID-CoL="538ZV" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_elassotomus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 21C25
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–G">A-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C18DA90B2245AC32AF82D33CC379D60B" originalValue="A–G">A-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1FB73E740C59665A4B0C34F083E6CBD4" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="128DCBE94B1B7C0CE0FE8731842A6487" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DFE372D11DF092CA8514C86EC8FFE18F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 499-500, pl. 41, fig. 3, pl. 42, figs 1-1c, pl. 49, fig. 1.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFECE680064DD9211DF9FC5DAC191B87" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 7.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="526C735484D16E4D86962A589AFF1514" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11 (key), 28.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5D380EDA5C8AB92DDD777AF9FECF8BED" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 134, 137 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2DB0060E746DAA8EA191223ED4AF0BAC" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B21FF6AA4C0667CCE18D63478BF79F76" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="20210091385D1AC3027A3AA1FF0C7F7C" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FCF25C44DE08E418E2FD7C319BF45747" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
Holotype: 1 dry male colony, and SEM stub 1507, USNM 43268 (Fig. 21C). The pale pink paratype 5 cm in length (USNM 86007) mentioned by Fisher is an unidentified
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1CB2C3739D752CCF5FEA71A5119501E2" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
having little in common with the holotype. Type locality.Albatross 4781,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24167">52°14'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1113BB54F8B02C991899FD8C91126C43" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24167">52°14'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.21666">174°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F8C920840810F8C65823D16FB8E94D5A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.21666">174°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(off Agattu Island), 882 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Types.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="243BFAC1A7C5F757C743CED01F92F2CE" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5D833236503E4E26844A752F1768EF91" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0BEA237C15A85CDB065D5DC172602D1A" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Types.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="64733530772CF4F317810A722D6C8415" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
Description. Holotype (Fig. 21C) colony bushy, 5.5 cm tall and 4.5 cm wide, attached by a basal branch 6 mm in diameter. Branches do not anastomose and are circular in cross section. Coenosteum reticular-granular in texture, the strips 55-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B2DA51A0E409EF1AFE62E64E5AD4429C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in width, separated by slits 10-14
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D28712A49CC1C6C9925D1FF9AA90E0DD" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide; strips covered with small angular granules. Spionid worm tubes absent. Coenosteum white.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C0A856152FCDC3D4322F0DED90BCE7E8" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
Cyclosystems circular to slightly elliptical, 1.0-1.2 mm in diameter, arranged exclusively on branch edges in an alternating fashion, most projecting perpendicular to branch. Gastropores circular and quite large (0.5-0.6 mm in diameter), occupying up to 55% of cyclosystem diameter (Fig. 25F). Gastropore tube cylindrical, curved, and long, such that gastrostyle tip is rarely seen when viewed from above (Fig. 25A). A delicate ring palisade (Fig. 25
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="95B14FDDFBF47C59C9E8E32BA5632DD0" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) occurs near gastrostyle tip, composed of slender cylindrical elements up to 60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0A2B979A6AA9DB77C42D5E53B121DDA9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long and 25
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2A30C9E63E18477499C03482C661B6C4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. Gastrostyle slender (H:D
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">=</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="6A8D102C0E24EBB33C1B9A21C9F487AE" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" start="start">=</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
4.4), the illustrated style 0.53 mm in height, occupying lower quarter of gastropore tube (Fig. 25A).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8785D5E36642E3CDCA79F757B30A4CF7" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||||
Dactylotomes 60-80
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9B7F0A296BB30F2FE232AF568DA19ED4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide but very short as well as having short internal slits, thus contributing to the large size of the gastropore tube (Fig. 25F); dactylostyles inconspicuous. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem 11-17 (n = 21, average = 14.40 (σ = 1.36), and mode = 15). Supernumerary dactylopores common (Fig. 25B), 70-100
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="305C07F7BCBFED10E03FB13EF1B9C73E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. Pseudosepta same width as dactylotomes; diastemas rare.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Female ampullae unknown. Male ampullae (Fig. 25G) hemispherical, 0.5-0.6 mm in diameter.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C72C365412D61CF434AC30DC5AE3D55F" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Female ampullae unknown. Male ampullae (Fig. 25G) hemispherical, 0.5-0.6 mm in diameter.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BB22E59F3A7C2779FA6F8448249F4400" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FCD0C64F4E40575A42716048929787AF" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="861A60DEF66123D37662000E1210F312" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">Remarks</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E20A763FE235BF3B4179F0485CAA4387" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
Despite access to a diverse stylasterid collection from the Aleutian Islands, no unequivocal additional specimens could be identified as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1A6D9A8BB054A43476690AB2447673E6" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, even the paratype of the species not considered to be conspecific. Its distinctive characteristics of having a highly curved gastropore tube, slender ring palisade elements, and a very large gastropore surrounded by very short dactylotomes and pseudosepta distinguish it from all other Alaskan species (see Table 2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Known only from type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="876504B663EA1538A1CFB53AFFC7F80B" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E5EB00611C3FCB6E4E0E71B549BA3E3F" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5A4EAEB6037D51DB3DA50B2EEC6B9371" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Known only from type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="439B0364A99BC9E520F5EDC589E2C742" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
<paragraph id="05012AA54085162B8C7C7623B8B32CE2" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||||
Figure 25. Holotype (male) of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2A27C55D6E7AA8AD3487457FC955D5CC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 43268: A stereo view of curved gastropore tube B cyclosystems and supernumerary dactylopores C poorly preserved gastrostyle and ring palisade D truncated gastrostyle showing ring palisade E coenosteal texture F stereo view of cyclosystem showing shallow dactylotomes G male ampulla.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,125 +1,125 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032751" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:863956AE0CBDF8E75EF778B6CC8DA09D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/863956AE0CBDF8E75EF778B6CC8DA09D" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_stejnegeri" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Stylaster stejnegeri (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
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<treatment id="863956AE0CBDF8E75EF778B6CC8DA09D" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032751" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:863956AE0CBDF8E75EF778B6CC8DA09D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/863956AE0CBDF8E75EF778B6CC8DA09D" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D8B07BF6D1565CD25BAF85717B94F3EF" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="B258B8DF9C9D82FEC0A67FD2474FCC43" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
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<taxonomicName id="E90AC384DE0703BE27455AA7CB2F47CB" ID-CoL="5393X" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_stejnegeri" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Stylaster stejnegeri (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 11C14
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–J">A-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6564388C3BCAD8AD5DFBE2602D7F051A" originalValue="A–J">A-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Allopora stejnegeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B01417AB45AF76141616022C3B704015" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A8D311949066FFDA3D7D0B7ED4301F48" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7A101364B4B911974647AD78EC72469D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Allopora stejnegeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 518-519, pl. 42, figs 2-2b, pl. 56.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="488D4365F40E6AF1A9CC790A3751E861" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 28.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Stylaster stejnegeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0E44A44E33AEB3AB8CD9289F36C97589" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="717E4BC56A26066DC2A5570A78890587" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Stylaster stejnegeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D4E57CF560D90CECB3380905F987A5FC" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 429.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C582D4373EC9AA5FEA47D643C5382F33" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11, 28.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2BB5F0D1918C71485380BF1D258C7A7C" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
" 134, 137 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E41A49C7C97D61996953FBC7F88F174F" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A56B1AC05E20AC1EDB23522700CDDC4D" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="584E96030FB5784B6FF6BF33455BF10F" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="461CC880FB06E9542A9380EBD6A12DCB" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Holotype, 1 female colony, and SEM stub 1500, dry, USNM 43271 (Fig. 11C). Type locality.Albatross 4777:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A31D5A3DC590B021F7458E8AC491B7B6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.81667">179°49'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FE19E94C1A272E409DF66274333774B0" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.81667">179°49'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Petrel Bank, Aleutian Islands), 79-95 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3CA5AB29DED1337551F1C7709508B1C3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C5D7C026F479663EEC73733EE2492EDF" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="99174CA6353A06C8EAAEC9B8D6F7A7CD" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description.">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description..</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2227A682707C461468DE25D0BC27AC77" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description.">
|
||||
<paragraph id="801F4A319F31796B8E3EA377DBA19DA7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description..</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A0DE8969830986C1075839A051879176" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
The holotype (Fig. 11C) is a small, arborescent colony 6 cm in height and 7 cm in width, with a basal branch diameter of 9.3 mm. Branches cylindrical and blunt tipped, the tips measuring 3-5 mm in diameter. Coenosteum reticulate-granular in texture, coenosteal strips 50-55
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BD36E7139B41234894B94749FCD7D3F3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide, separated by slits 13-15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="561CC220D02BCF9C5EE758072AAFBBA3" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide. Coenosteum also covered with small papillae (nematopores). Binary spionid worm tubes present along branch axes. Coenosteum light orange to pink.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5B7153CABFE2786FE9BE9CD3EAC37590" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Cyclosystems on all sides of branches, circular, 1.0-1.2 mm in diameter. Gastropores circular, 0.35-0.45 mm in diameter. Gastropore tube cylindrical and usually
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="start">slightly</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="2E6AC6A0645FB54546423760A5158C4D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="start">slightly</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
curved such that gastrostyle tip is not visible from apical view; ring palisade absent. Gastrostyle lanceolate.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Cyclosystems flush to only slightly raised above coenosteum; surface of pseudosepta porous. Dactylotome width 0.08-0.11 m. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystems 5-11 (n = 50, average = 6.46 (σ = 1.03), and mode = 6). Small (0.11-0.14 mm diameter), circular supernumerary dactylopores fairly common (Fig. 14A-C). Dactylostyles rudimentary (Fig. 14H).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<paragraph id="873070B616C299EDEE9BC419A5EAA19F" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Cyclosystems flush to only slightly raised above coenosteum; surface of pseudosepta porous. Dactylotome width 0.08-0.11 m. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystems 5-11 (n = 50, average = 6.46 (σ = 1.03), and mode = 6). Small (0.11-0.14 mm diameter), circular supernumerary dactylopores fairly common (Fig. 14A-C). Dactylostyles rudimentary (Fig. 14H).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B74077465AEC709C338458A7BCD494D1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Female ampullae (Fig. 14A,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–J">I-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F1EA7414236B2ED83DDC47FA7DA9D9E0" originalValue="I–J">I-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) superficial hemispheres up to 1.1 mm in diameter, often bearing low ridges radiating from their apex. Male ampullae unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FC5E08F2A6990425A044EC75C6C2141F" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="40C4CBD638D14B51F8B9A92A86E8A719" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="783D33B3E988E996FECB91B5CA5C64E7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Although only one specimen is known of this species, it does appear to be distinctive. Perhaps most similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BF34ED1F6674821BC4584CF8EB63F356" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, it differs from that species in having flush cyclosystems, fewer dactylopores per cyclosystem, and ridged female ampullae (Table 2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Known only from one specimen from the type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A0C0CADD92191A178E9520FA097AABBA" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2893E23AFA04077A8FDF6BB48B0902AD" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A5F2C380994328F4FD022674BDD78F97" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Known only from one specimen from the type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="448FFB875C06644B42FA40CEAB215112" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E0624B4D197BA8056219E02274750B1D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Figure 14. Holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Stylaster stejnegeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B96F42AAF8DDED67B3B2D0BCCE38DC24" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Stylaster stejnegeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 43271: A stereo view of branch with cyclosystems, female ampullae, and supernumerary dactylopores B stereo view of a cyclosystem
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="571C66DC2F5E2539274E2E8DE0E3CF59" originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
cyclosystems with adjacent supernumerary dactylopores F coenosteal texture G longitudinal section of a gastropore tube H dactylostyles
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="I–J">I-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D49409F5C8CE88EED56E56610F7FE8DD" originalValue="I–J">I-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
ridged female ampullae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,193 +1,193 @@
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|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Errinopora_zarhyncha" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
|
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<treatment id="96212870EDF6FBB2610E03D0575677D9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032758" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:96212870EDF6FBB2610E03D0575677D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/96212870EDF6FBB2610E03D0575677D9" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
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<subSubSection id="680F385DB491E9E13BB8FA68944517F7" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D4FB0C2A06C1E780AAABD2AB72FE3E81" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0E1AD0764BDC451468C69A63184D84CC" ID-CoL="3B9MB" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Errinopora_zarhyncha" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 5E9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–L">A-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2C0986CF61922A531FD081D1E6E17A37" originalValue="A–L">A-L</normalizedToken>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B364B30ADE57C3C5128361938B5B8152" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="304C5763789EDC5763C4A7AE1619D07F" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="999AD492B1E6DAEC2DA49AE4A4BEF717" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 539-541, pl. 68, pl. 69, fig. 1.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D5E9F83E7DD860FA6ABDFDAF063F1CA2" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 58.-Thomson and Chow 1955: 23, 30 (mineralogy).-Not
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9A7D16E12ADB6C8202F0EA9BBBC97116" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 559.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BD5FDEE776B625C625DF9850015FD00D" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 377 (mineralogy).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lowe, TP" journalOrPublisher="MS thesis, Washington DC, USA, George Washington University, Washington D. C." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="A Comparative Study of Stony Hydroids, Order Stylasterina, of Southern South America and Adjacent Antarctic Regions." year="1967">Lowe 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="896E80EC5067BF4D71D3813C7627ECDE" author="Lowe, TP" journalOrPublisher="MS thesis, Washington DC, USA, George Washington University, Washington D. C." pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="A Comparative Study of Stony Hydroids, Order Stylasterina, of Southern South America and Adjacent Antarctic Regions." year="1967">Lowe 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 82.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="79649A09FC2BA541EC22FBC8B974E47D" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 462.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FED18D348EC2791A0FFC902191785235" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 100-101 (mineralogy).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3A0538B9F4DA96A478B7989F70B54434" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 43 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7F734C0FBBB1F56EC8AF9B16F1BACEC" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0B1407EF1020C8F7CCB8FE690BDE2E4B" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:27, 57, fig. 27.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Lindner, A" journalOrPublisher="PhD thesis, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Duke University" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Evolution and Taxonomy of Stylasterid Corals (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae)." year="2005">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="940BFF18A841ECA73038A6984CFB5BBF" author="Lindner, A" journalOrPublisher="PhD thesis, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, Duke University" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="Evolution and Taxonomy of Stylasterid Corals (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae)." year="2005">Lindner 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 123-127, fig. 4.2D, 4.10, 4.20 (redescription, key).
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">-</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="8F8C95028E1E93272DCAF37C1178D016" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">-</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5DF797407EEA7B881A840006AB52B42D" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133, 137 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BA037520D4C25921C1CEF1AE16249375" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="135365AE2F80C5E2DBDB0EE45F7C9B4E" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="020C51C951D5A5F14788880C15E8A232" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, and supplemental Table S1: 3 (phylogeny and DNA sequences).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhincha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhincha">Errinopora zarhincha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F84CAF4CA78AF9A6CCC1C013D3B993B5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="96A7BA4A29FE5AD46C4821973A751E5C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhincha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhincha">Errinopora zarhincha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="488EB96797D5A26781FDCDA1F3FEC043" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 382-383 (misspelling).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type material.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
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<subSubSection id="0DA93A3434D473583E95B0FA8E718F9D" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="952E72B286FFA7F43DC3CD0747B75C04" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="102434D8C5DFDE753DD9C1481DC5059A" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Holotype, Alb-3480, a dry male colony 14 cm in height, USNM 42874 (Fig. 5E). Paratypes: Alb-3480, 3 dry female branches, USNM 52247; Alb-3480, 1 branch, CAS 28186. Type locality.Alb-3480:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5E30296109B48F4A5E29FA703FD20801" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="94B949139C6137A31338C333D40D1914" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands), 518 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="83D305C3C2ACECA487086BB402E36F48" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7172956DF3BE007766D198A486674841" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B184E63385CFD2FC9E4CB24CE112A746" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Shishaldin, 53°56'24'N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="87E4354174938A83C62C5CEBBC76A089" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 318 m, 14 May 2000, 1 male, USNM 1123447; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.90139">54°54'05"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="608AF74277BA120F5498C8F2BC29B398" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.90139">54°54'05"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="178.62117">178°37.27'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AD7C20A9EB398201CBFB6D769F4C6DED" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="178.62117">178°37.27'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 410 m, 11 Feb 2000, 3 female branches, and SEM stubs 1542-43, USNM 1123448; Vesteraalen 941-59,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.033333">52°02'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2498246A5EFDCDB1E793A4649F00DA72" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.033333">52°02'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.2">172°12'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D9FEEC4F6264D647A246854E38369A72" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.2">172°12'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 658 m, 14 Jun 1994, 3 branches of a female colony, both dry and in alcohol, USNM 96234; Vesteraalen 941-62,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.966667">51°58'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EDF0F77F6CE3561821567D6404CA3700" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.966667">51°58'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.66667">172°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B5AA6F1D7CE18F4B04960BF65D5FCC24" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-172.66667">172°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 207 m, 15 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96233; Vesteraalen,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22139">51°13'17"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="042BDDFA61C83ADB610AF09158E02AEC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22139">51°13'17"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.09917">179°05'57"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="77EF7859E64374EAEB0157B3FEC1CF44" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.09917">179°05'57"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 488 m, 4 Jun 2000, 1 male, USNM 1071915;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22861">51°13'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F2A420CC4FB5A365149FD30AC0EE46A6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.22861">51°13'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9FD09721E7E8940325D92A4C926EE4A2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.82527">179°49'31"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 465-529 m, 13 Jun 2000, large male colony, USNM 1123446; Types.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="63F81B2F6FB7867A3F771751366911F6" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="533FA25F53E1D6F418D7E1F10F37FB12" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9C42F1D2E41CF44EF88D7CE4249E9240" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Colonies uniplanar or multiplanar, robust, with fairly close dichotomous branching, leaving little space between branches; branch anastomosis occurs but uncommon. Largest colony 26 cm in height and 27 cm in width, with a massive basal branch 4.3 cm in diameter (USNM 1123446). Branches circular to slightly flattened in cross section, attenuating to thick (7-15 mm in diameter), blunt tips. Parasitic spionid polychaete worms form tubes along branch axes in two colonies (USNM 96233, 96234), the tubes Fig. 8 in cross section. Coenosteum quite porous in texture (Fig. 9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0E18585058723D535E327960436B3C43" originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), consisting of a reticulum of thin (25
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3849CCD7A5F0E5BAFC1357902331BBF9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), spinose ridges, separated by wide slits or series of pores. This texture also present on ampullae and dactylopore spines, in the latter the coenosteal strips forming longitudinal ridges. Coenosteum orange.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F99D30114081830B7BAFAEDE2727B91B" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Dactylopore spines occur on all branch surfaces and are quite variable in orientation, sometimes forming rows of 10-13 spines laterally fused into a short tier on one side of a pore row (unilaterally), the dactylotomes usually facing upward (abcauline), but dactylopore spines also oriented with their dactylotomes facing downward (adcauline) or laterally, and occasionally are isolated; compound dactylopore spines common. Dactylopore spines quite large and thick-walled, up to 3 mm in height and 1.5 mm in width, the dactylotome occupying one-fourth to one-third width of spine; exterior surface longitudinally ridged. Small, circular, flush secondary dactylopores, measuring only 0.08-0.11 mm in diameter, occur on walls of dactylopore spines, often several on each spine. Whereas dactylopore spines are quite large, dactylostyles are small and thin, only about 30-35 um in width, bearing short spines up to 23
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C859B6B8B3E9431C5005FA55771607A4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in length and 14
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="08BB564A34ECA37FBB71AD1903DBC678" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<paragraph id="042A664F1067E00A1AACB81077C8C04C" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Gastropores circular and quite variable in size, up to 1.1 mm in diameter, often arranged linearly in valleys created by adjacent rows of dactylopores. Large gastropores often sit directly adjacent to much smaller ones; secondary gastropores about 0.38 mm in diameter. Gastropore fairly shallow, lacking a ring palisade, affording an easy view of base of pore, as the gastrostyle occupies only a small part of gastropore cavity. Ga
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">strostyles</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="1C8B7D343CF40A69A022CCE0AB6D83F9" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">strostyles</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
lanceolate and slender, up to 0.9 mm in height, and bear longitudinal anastomosing ridges, the gastrostyle size commensurate with diameter of gastropore tube.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<paragraph id="009F48C3A2D2F9AC5638EE34382EAAF7" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
Female ampullae inconspicuous (Fig. 9J) and not common, rarely seen in cross section branch fracture. Female ampullae hemispherical, often overshadowed by tall
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">dactylopore</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="F1F3904AF02C1D486F64AC53213965D8" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">dactylopore</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
spines or becoming incorporated into dactylopore spines. Efferent pores elusive; when detectable they are lateral in position, and about 0.7 mm in diameter, but more often a spent female ampulla lacks its upper half or is simply a crater in the coenosteum, a function of its thin, porous coenosteal cover. Male ampullae equally inconspicuous (Fig. 9C), roughly hemispherical, highly porous, and only about 0.6-0.7 mm in diameter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="921F3F7323CB02726FA5A15AB6764ACD" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DA202D5A62775D4F9B32B040BCDB2B5B" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D19D26C5177FF273AF9F5576947200E2" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB2A286695831DAF6C74961331154CFD" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of three species in the genus having a predominantly unilateral arrangement of dactylopore spines in which only one row of laterally fused spines (usually the proximal row) have their dactylotomes facing a gastropore or gastropore row, the other species being
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2A72F639AC64F33CB0385A9BFAE48AAF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora nanneca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nanneca">Errinopora nanneca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="79627CECE97138352EEF4256EB618D69" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora dichotoma" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dichotoma">Errinopora dichotoma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see Dichotomous Key and Table 1).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D13FAA6476C3AF6707103C3A7C4FEAE5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from the other two species in having very tall dactylopore spines, relatively small dactylostyles, large robust colonies, and gastropore tubes that are much larger than their gastrostyles (see Dichotomous Key and Table 1).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1CB6AA57CED5776EB9EA726C3D3ACCD2" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reported this species from the Kurile Islands, but based on his description in which he reports gastropore diameters of only 0.20-0.25 mm and dactylopore spines only 0.6 mm in height, we conclude that he is referring to a different, and as yet unknown species. Of the 8 lots of specimens examined, 4 are female, and 4 male. Coralla were determined to be calcitic by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F7DCB3EBB94277354C7F555624BAC751" author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow (1955)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B322D58145C715BA95D7D34BF268914F" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Endemic to Aleutian Islands in a somewhat disjunct distribution: Amchitka Pass, Bowers Bank, and off Seguam Island; 207-658 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3E416B7BBA6EBA2DFFBF09C43681BBAC" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E0152F29A9EDD1663F03FD33D449C437" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E0700AC2A74455ADC81724621418217D" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Endemic to Aleutian Islands in a somewhat disjunct distribution: Amchitka Pass, Bowers Bank, and off Seguam Island; 207-658 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="88DD1F6E4B8015CD0539D46D9A1E2474" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<paragraph id="215CAA6D82BD388C9302DA50D6DBCCED" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Figure 9.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CE10B6495559B9680871CF02C64FEDE5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora zarhyncha" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="zarhyncha">Errinopora zarhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AB325EFFF283C61641624E4F466044C4" originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A53F5A0B43682456BFDB16A9FBAFA19C" originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
male from USNM 1071915, J female from USNM 1123448:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="863FF1EDC32BA106936818F37D4868EC" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
branch surface showing tall dactylopore spines, gastropores, and ruptured male ampullae in figure C D stereo view of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="gastro–">gastro-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C4B1A76B9400AB566A941CF11EEE71D9" originalValue="gastro–">gastro-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and dactylostyles and dactylopore spines
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="32EAFAC84839776BAD18B96B2C535D43" originalValue="E–H">E-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
coenosteal texture I lateral view of a gastrostyle J female ampulla K dactylotome of a dactylopore spine L dactylostyle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,78 +1,78 @@
|
|||
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|
||||
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|
||||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032740" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:99D6BB1A328CB7C47D24C361C63E8F55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/99D6BB1A328CB7C47D24C361C63E8F55" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatment id="99D6BB1A328CB7C47D24C361C63E8F55" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032740" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:99D6BB1A328CB7C47D24C361C63E8F55" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/99D6BB1A328CB7C47D24C361C63E8F55" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
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<paragraph id="77C052AC303BFDF90C6A3D5A03948020" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Distichopora" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Distichopora Lamarck, 1816</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="5F445FC9F2CB81196C9DA91412FD8941" ID-CoL="7NX7G" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Distichopora" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Distichopora Lamarck, 1816</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Colonies usually flabellate, with blunt branch tips. Coenosteum reticulate-granular and of many colors. Gastropores aligned along branch edge or, more rarely, meandering in lines on colony faces, the gastropore rows flanked (usually on both sides) by rows of horseshoe-shaped dactylopore spines. Gastro- and dactylopore tubes axial, extending along branch axis. Dactylostyles absent. Gastrostyles elongate (needle-shaped), often stabilized by transverse tabulae; a diffuse ring palisade sometimes present. Ampullae usually superficial and clustered.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="6EE8B9CCD48BE1E1212302E264E458F1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="FAC20D542AAA84479646D38A994116F2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9650A53FA91E555BCC9B908815BCE9C6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Colonies usually flabellate, with blunt branch tips. Coenosteum reticulate-granular and of many colors. Gastropores aligned along branch edge or, more rarely, meandering in lines on colony faces, the gastropore rows flanked (usually on both sides) by rows of horseshoe-shaped dactylopore spines. Gastro- and dactylopore tubes axial, extending along branch axis. Dactylostyles absent. Gastrostyles elongate (needle-shaped), often stabilized by transverse tabulae; a diffuse ring palisade sometimes present. Ampullae usually superficial and clustered.</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph id="8619B30B45FC9548973BD00886C55A3B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F36DF78387C322A111C88FCE40F27805" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
Equally diverse in tropical and temperate waters as well as in shallow and deep environments,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Distichopora</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="88C6B25A5E0189D0E95CF994BC59D8B1" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Distichopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is known from 26 Recent species and two fossil species (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="E5B2A641BB0B5128C7EE0FCFFDB84631" author="Appeltans, W" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="World Register of Marine Species." url="www.marinespecies.org" year="2001">Appeltans et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: WoRMS data base: www.marinespecies.org). The genus was revised by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="121 - 171" title="Revision of the Indo-Pacific species of the genus Distichopora." volume="29" year="1959">Boschma (1959)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="A0AF885E9AC00680202A7A6FAC37F7DC" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="121 - 171" title="Revision of the Indo-Pacific species of the genus Distichopora." volume="29" year="1959">Boschma (1959)</bibRefCitation>
|
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and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="C0138B7EE2753D71BFB3FBF70649EF3C" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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||||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type species">
|
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type species.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Milleporidae" genus="Millepora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Millepora violacea" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="violacea">Millepora violacea</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="76E552505011D1E4AFD29C2818494F9D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="0AA835C2AD5E2BF1E9A2154109C20D80" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="07200C66BC96821EA2A850D2967292DB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
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<taxonomicName id="2504DFF2931456E036E3012707FD352A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Milleporidae" genus="Millepora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Millepora violacea" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="violacea">Millepora violacea</taxonomicName>
|
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Pallas, 1766, by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Eocene to Recent: cosmopolitan except for off Antarctica, 1-806 m.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3D9D0FC896E0BA5653E47D63CCDA6992" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="143F29B2AA0AF6354FF0523FAE23E4A6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Eocene to Recent: cosmopolitan except for off Antarctica, 1-806 m.</paragraph>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:url>
|
||||
<mods:location id="2FF768D60F90750F37E45A2DF9FA0D13">
|
||||
<mods:url id="3F5F1FFB32F60FE485E8A9825306E4D2">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-158-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="2B3A7249E1C669231978AB5A35DAB66E">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="BE33BC4B312609B32C8858B8E93FAD78" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.158.1910</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="5BE1930F111095CBB5008371FA6CF042" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-158-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032750" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B92533A35A118CB32A0876F4216FC530" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B92533A35A118CB32A0876F4216FC530" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_alaskanus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Stylaster</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<treatment id="B92533A35A118CB32A0876F4216FC530" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032750" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B92533A35A118CB32A0876F4216FC530" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B92533A35A118CB32A0876F4216FC530" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subGenus="Stylaster" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7CB2E98DA03F502233BD3D5BB18B5A5A" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6D4EE34BD7D9E6BFF35EAE3F601B5158" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82033BECE30C8D0D96442153A222EEF5" ID-CoL="538YQ" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_alaskanus" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="C49CCDEB145820C984A0BC7842FD246E" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Stylaster</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
alaskanus Fisher, 1938
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 21
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–G24A–M">E-G24A-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9A35CDE13981D4FF62770843ECCC51A5" originalValue="E–G24A–M">E-G24A-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster gemmascens subsp. alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="gemmascens" subSpecies="alaskanus">Stylaster gemmascens alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7DB0C1D28F6D44B52C5D2F078C5F176C" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E6F135CF0244892789560AAB79648403" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C70DB66C51A4B2214245854D6C0D5915" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster gemmascens subsp. alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="gemmascens" subSpecies="alaskanus">Stylaster gemmascens alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 500-502, pl. 47-48, pl. 54, fig. 2.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3E290F885ED2F77752C7010556E867AD" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2C3E3AC26162D4552A1AC5FA163A3BD6" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A70D563E85339A07CC69C508D4F50FF2" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 502-503, pl. 35, figs 2-2c, pl. 39-40.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="180B066E3B9D8B1A26969400D75B7EDF" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 4.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E73C2FFF74D43BCD19693073806351FB" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D80736CE367C34D70142561BA6BF07EC" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7CF72EF744781585BF3475CC8EAAF14B" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11, 27, fig. 33.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6779ACFBD0E2B227889C9A081D5A001B" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22, 134, 137 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F88521ED6843EBD10224C6181B2FA715" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F745F0C68EF53E766B429CC3999165CA" author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 525-530, fig. 2D, 3B.-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="52A2A9BAC4C2424FDF265B96D187DE98" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, supplemental Table S1: 2 (phylogeny and DNA sequence).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2D718B1E3AD9D9BF01C77BF10009371" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BFE613C60EF723B32268697C84CAA67A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="420D36E8A7571E6F0B89732109493B79" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430 (elevation to species rank).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="812DF981F961FEE31B0070AD33D6571E" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11, 27.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8821CB3D9B26F26B5181FCF84CDA5917" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskana">Stylaster alaskana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="310924DCAE0719116B997972FA9B6E02" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1F91BA2079B95A4044C9C578B8B99629" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskana" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskana">Stylaster alaskana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0E2239C5158314D27819B23A70671E18" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133 (listed).-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed but misspelled).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster gemmascens subsp. alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="gemmascens" subSpecies="alaskanus">Stylaster gemmascens alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="130C489A14A7276F83168037C64DA60A" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C2A6A49F6B0A0E3CF04EF34FF32D151F" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="535B9D46FF0612E74E39CA623C2A1573" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="28B34DBC9D77CBFDF798A78F5FD2F5FE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster gemmascens subsp. alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="gemmascens" subSpecies="alaskanus">Stylaster gemmascens alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Holotype, Alb-3480, 1 dry male branch fragment 4.5 cm in length, USNM 43269 (Fig. 21E); 5 (perhaps one broken from the four mentioned by Fisher) dry paratype branches (2 female, 2 male, 1 indet.), and SEM stubs 1511-12, Alb-3480, USNM 86006. Type locality.Alb-3480:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E77C4A41B58BE8CF7B9A93ED67D78E0E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="51D4181C8AA6EB6BFEA0A421BE1582EA" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands), 518 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBF91DBFD55857669919A2CB775081C" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EA944461B033882588D17A0C629B969A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Holotype, Alb-3480, 1 dry female branch fragment 9 cm in height, and SEM stub 1509, USNM 43267 (Fig. 21F); 7 dry paratype branches (2 female, 5 male), and SEM stub 1510, Alb-3480, USNM 86005. Type locality.Alb-3480:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6B35382392A1F0551627A69B7C5A7708" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="CF9CBE6C5334CF2C8001C186B40AD9F1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Amukta Pass, Aleutian Islands), 518 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1CC91AAE198EBA4E98F0C7EED849B537" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A0E259F99F3DB433FC205E2A3C0EA35B" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="693D63E34788DBBB148D4579DF041FCC" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
Types of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="435B5FCEBF27E8A36D0D6908E60001FF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FEEF6C1DD9D25C7D327DAC3C510FCE9A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; Alaskan Leader 35,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.848335">51°50.9'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BB636F46BD0D7D9C3EE9D7266FC56B98" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.848335">51°50.9'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-175.13333">175°08'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F8FC7D5879CBFBCAE820186044E399D5" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-175.13333">175°08'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 178-365 m, 14 Jun 2002, 1 male, AB02-31;MF 833-38,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.715">51°42'54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EF9D53D8F6317A1CBC6891DB739A6DAA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.715">51°42'54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.85834">178°51'30"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F7E699D69D90B549518A80B3AAE4A56C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.85834">178°51'30"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 582 m, 3 Aug 1983, 2 female, USNM 96526; MF 833-56, off Great Sitkin I., 249 m, 6 Aug 1983, 2 male, USNM 77045; Alaska Sea,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.15667">52°09'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5B6EDB99FB5AC5C9D1407BC1C50FD8B3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.15667">52°09'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="173.73862">173°44'19"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A4548710B7F8DF931299BE781209C324" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="173.73862">173°44'19"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 318 m, 5 Feb 2000, 1 indet., USNM 1122566; Alb-3480, see above, 8 female and 1 male (non-type), USNM 76722; Dominator 971-135,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.622776">51°37'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="21BA2859A5C8BF3012CF2254045A130E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.622776">51°37'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.44112">178°26'28"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C63513595353C11D929693DB55D358DC" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.44112">178°26'28"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 163 m, 14 Jul 1997, 2 female, USNM 1123365; Dominator 971-201,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.90778">51°54'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C531E76DD7B9E08DDCD9103CF8F7F458" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.90778">51°54'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.81667">175°49'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="94509A29CE501A73FBEC78736C0F1CC3" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.81667">175°49'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 378 m, 1 Aug 1997, 1 indet., USNM 1123361; Ocean Olympic,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.079666">52°04.78'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="35B0F62FB674F1E8E237C70D42F760C5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.079666">52°04.78'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="177.22316">177°13.39'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F033BB182C8F12DE4B4E757BFCA13B2B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="177.22316">177°13.39'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 256 m, 1 female, AB00-57; Pacific Knight 941-204,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.1">53°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DAB0CB73B151502F5A801DFA7946997D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.1">53°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="171.7">171°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DF1C15D5F42379F73BDFA70EA6507168" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="171.7">171°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 455 m, 31 Jul 1994, 4 female some in alcohol, USNM 96246 and 1123533; Sea Storm 36,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.095833">53°05'45"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1AAD2602D5C4C94D4CB1859434F6C1F7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.095833">53°05'45"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="171.69888">171°41'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BFE48B249823DE449060E262708D9DA9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="171.69888">171°41'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 453-458 m, 19 Jun 2002, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 1123277-78; Sea Storm 108,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DF958018F0688D4976D7B082898B1A50" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-175.28166">175°16'54"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BDE482D3F030F8D0395700FDEA4043D0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-175.28166">175°16'54"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 208-215 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1027822; Sea Storm 138,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.230556">52°13'50"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="982CC7D7FB06B45A52BD213B6A436EA8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.230556">52°13'50"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="175.40334">175°24.2'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="00E6B6BA3D00EDC7D83C50F675908751" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="175.40334">175°24.2'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 146 m, 16 Jul 2002, 2 female, 2 male, USNM 1122766-68, 1122898; Sea Storm 148,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.47111">52°28'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="367ADCC857A2DA06B7911CC27C603B78" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.47111">52°28'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.49306">173°29'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1A0B02B039E7E20F1FA0AA2840AC1A04" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.49306">173°29'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 194 m, 21 Jul 2002, 2 female, USNM 1122757; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.40111">54°24'04"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AB33524F58854D399892825BD67106F3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.40111">54°24'04"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.62862">177°37'43"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2DB5B987BB6465E19058A8736B99A008" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.62862">177°37'43"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 154 m, 9
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="start">Feb</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="98E8891300877CFD019F11A5EB9DA43D" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="start">Feb</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
2000, 1 female, USNM 1122533; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.400833">54°24'03"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5E21F72B9545556160B5084C2CA26F56" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.400833">54°24'03"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.60306">179°36'11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5A71FF055AA6346513A88AEEDAF70895" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.60306">179°36'11"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 313 m, 25 Feb 2000, 4 indet., USNM 1122532; McClusky, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.02972">52°01'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2392A1EA8CCF0C876B575D91E9FC6E4D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.02972">52°01'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.93723">179°56'14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DCE5A6E1AE1CC84CF26B382937CE5BDB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.93723">179°56'14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 362 m, 5 May 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122454; McClusky, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.299442">51°17'58"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2EBAC26714744E6919DEB098B6B75144" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.299442">51°17'58"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.01334">179°00'48"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="70B318BA8EFB4566A940E7629C597DDB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.01334">179°00'48"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 265 m, 25 May 2000, 3 male, USNM 1122455 and AB01-92; University of Washington,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8125384313EF3C92066A1AFEEB83E6C5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.25">179°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6E68B910EBC7374419AFEEBF6DCC6641" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.25">179°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 278-289 m, 1 Sep 1968, 4 male, USNM 76632 and 96530; A. Vatter, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.07361">52°04'25"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="571CEE5E0E73D77AD379724471CE60D3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.07361">52°04'25"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.18333">177°11'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="26655741A7E1A4C8985B368BE3244D3C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.18333">177°11'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, depth unknown, 1 male, USNM 1122466.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="152F4D8636C562D6E568D4FACCA9D025" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C3EBBB90222CA594B71975B6B248C470" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F10022D5E9C2B0C835582C697795C9A7" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
Colonies uniplanar or multiplanar, additional flabella usually oriented perpendicular to original flabellum. Branches highly anastomotic, smooth large-diameter branches forming a framework for infilling by smaller-diameter branches, resulting is a sieve-like reticulum (Fig. 21G). Largest colony (USNM 1122768) 28 cm in height, having a massive, dense basal branch diameter of 5 cm. Distal branches circular to rectangular in cross section. Spionid worm tubes do not occur in this species. Coenosteum reticulate-granular in texture, the coenosteal strips 50-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3A29EC32F7F4AE855E7886196407CB0B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide, bordered by short slits 6-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="53D9349A445C6BE763D6A10B09D64655" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide; strips covered with small granules 6-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="65987BD529E181A6AB8908AD5DA2BE98" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in width; strips arranged linearly adjacent to cyclosystems. In some colonies, such as the type of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C8D6935B543F607A70BE65B84B858F39" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, linearly arranged, apically perforate processes up to 0.2 mm tall (Figs 24
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="069B77FC7F76B19C59873A2AA4C3B0E1" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, J) occur on coenosteum, these structures of unknown function. Coenosteum light orange, pink, or white.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3CDC5BE1FB624629315789C00A418B51" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
Cyclosystems circular, elliptical or irregular in shape, 0.9-1.3 mm in greater diameter, occurring exclusively on branch edges; gastropores circular, 0.40-0.45 mm in diameter. Gastropore tubes straight and funnel-shaped, having a well-developed ring palisade (Fig. 24G) composed of rounded elements about 40
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2BAC66068C28C8D39C47E5D34429212B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. Gastrostyles slender and pointed, up to 0.5 mm in height, the gastrostyle tip easily seen when viewed from above. Very rarely two gastrostyles may be present in one gastropore tube.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
<paragraph id="68FD65BCCDB64F01F3F8245BBA5B8A07" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
Dactylotomes 80-85
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F17E2D38818DD6F2CC1E72BB608CD111" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in width; dactylostyles inconspicuous. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem 7-14 (n = 50, average = 11.30 (σ = 1.57), and mode = 13). Supernumerary dactylopores absent. Pseudosepta of cyclosystems usually only slightly exsert, but if two cyclosystems are in close proximity, pseudosepta may become quite exsert. Pseudosepta of uniform thickness; diastemas, if present at all, are narrow.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8A138CD3BC7F935B2302F80608C2BC74" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
Female ampullae (Fig. 24
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A22BC1A77A6B67FEC2334B8D45D1ECCF" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="159E4F815E1486428169806151DC13B3" originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) prominent hemispheres up to 0.9 mm in diameter, often bearing several low ridges or short spines; lateral efferent pore about 0.25 mm in diameter. Male ampullae (Fig. 24
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8915B02FBCF1E1251887453C77C21C4C" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, J, M) superficial, densely clustered, and also irregular in shape, up to 0.60 mm in diameter, each with a small efferent pore 40-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7004E0D300EDECE6822155857E16364B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. Efferent pores sometimes at the apex of a small curved spine.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AA4520A00AE64C904FA2C851D85AE48E" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="685AFB58F34E2E2D707CE8EA3A547ADE" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F0ADC1597E49F676AD2DE356439EB0A" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||||
Originally described as a subspecies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster gemmascens" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmascens">Stylaster gemmascens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F131F11E736591F66B189C8178A04430" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster gemmascens" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmascens">Stylaster gemmascens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="000BBF43BF0FF339D20232C437A4FA1A" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5050D34782CDF4AFBB01EDFCEC06943E" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
later raised alaskanus to species status. Herein it is synonymized with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E353EA674497A8C9613842152A05679B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but since it has page priority in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C90D7EE98C02B10AE7E5056834EAB864" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B021E5CDAF0AFA804B36CBD4204BE07F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is considered to be the senior synonym (see synonymy above). The types of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8CC6A859D06C58F7EA06E6101FD57DF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differ from most other specimens assigned to this species in having numerous coenosteal papillae, called "thorny outgrowths" by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
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||||
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|
||||
: 501), which are often aligned in short ridges. Also, the coenosteum is white and the branches of the type series do not anastomose. However, all these differences are considered to be intraspecific variation, as some other specimen
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="49" pageNumber="50" start="start">s</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="16650C813364E8B553E613D19385312E" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" start="start">s</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
assigned to this species have a white corallum, and small colonies, like the types of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
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||||
<taxonomicName id="9BDAB3B6A6F64AF5621D1B9989B0C1C4" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, usually do not have anastomosing branches. Furthermore, rarely some coralla of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“cancellatus”">"cancellatus"</normalizedToken>
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||||
<normalizedToken id="A090B64D7D2BEE4DCE75836E1F07B546" originalValue="“cancellatus”">"cancellatus"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
have coenosteal papillae, which may be a reaction to an unfavorable environmental habitat. Thus, the type series of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EE8C06A6D53EB1FD63EBA0A8ABA98C64" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which was collected at the same station as the type of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="088ACBE55036EE38FC98EEED0E6FEA25" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, is considered to be a somewhat aberrant specimen of what was more widely known as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5D429693F7565809CF0EC5956BBBE289" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. A similarly shaped, sieve-like, reticulate colony is known for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopsis reticulum" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="reticulum">Errinopsis reticulum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8D23C0A3820292E5665582BF14E98C9C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopsis reticulum" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="reticulum">Errinopsis reticulum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Broch, 1951, however, in that species the reticulum is composed of equally-sized branches, whereas in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8436CB3CB01983BB7384E3C49E8139ED" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the reticulum is composed of thick and thin branches.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A8A5D22B15CFF7B4A622A70FD98B8852" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distinguished from all other species in its group by having a corallum shaped as a sieve-like reticulum. It is further distinguished from those Alaskan species of group C by having ridged female ampullae (Table 2). Among the 59 specimens examined, 25 are female, 22 male, and 12 indeterminate, a fairly even sex ratio.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Known from throughout Aleutian Islands from west of Attu Island to Amukta Pass, including Bowers Bank; 146-582 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FE38FF66B7A6B848A4009C93EF80B788" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="63C62BA6EBAB09A2E582F1CAB603DFA2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4F9C191834DBD05B7B60C64F8F43E550" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Known from throughout Aleutian Islands from west of Attu Island to Amukta Pass, including Bowers Bank; 146-582 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="AFD5F51E0DC6DB8A02D8560A6C1048F5" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D3A80E21D75E10264D5445EFC4AB2D96" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||||
Figure 24.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82A8EA7E60FE72BE808BE0509D45349A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0A93F027ADCDE25DB9795445AEFAA85D" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, M male paratype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A6FC2D86BEA64C82B40A4DC9EB340B5E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 86005
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7908D72FE974E689D07381B301BD49CA" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, H, J, L female paratype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster gemmascens subsp. alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="gemmascens" subSpecies="alaskanus">Stylaster gemmascens alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2F84F78B6267E8A3513917B9EFD9C7A0" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster gemmascens subsp. alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="gemmascens" subSpecies="alaskanus">Stylaster gemmascens alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 86006,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="038057EF99BDF7906170E2CC2919E781" originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, I, K holotype (female) of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0EFCAE07AE08A706BAD681525E3F6FBA" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster cancellatus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cancellatus">Stylaster cancellatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 43267: A stereo view of branch tip with male ampullae
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4B4545D49A7CDA4C38441B54393F8D42" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, J cyclosystems and male ampullae D stereo view of cyclosystem and female ampulla with a distinct efferent pore E cyclosystem and female ampulla F coenosteal texture G stereo view of gastrostyle and ring palisade H a cyclosystem I rudimentary dactylostyle
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="32DFD5FAA24C6388A37454803A493EFD" originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
female ampullae M cluster of male ampullae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,449 +1,449 @@
|
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_brochi" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="378194A6C54765558CFCF0D43AD21BA4" ID-CoL="538Z7" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_brochi" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi (Fisher, 1938)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 11A, E, G13
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||||
<normalizedToken id="288134A7F89A8505E695D0858DB4418E" originalValue="A–L">A-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Allopora brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="32530FE8C6788A461BC56D258A6BC81B" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="83A4FAA23BDC45EB3ADF69B7B4F20B31" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F82B08C21A8C661C8ABAD528BE264C90" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Allopora brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 517-518, pl. 42, figs 3-3d, pl. 44, pl. 45, fig 1.-?
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="36FBB093B9BE77BB3133E8624E5A1ED3" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 569-570, text-fig. 413.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FD386386D4E86ECE759A584A8080FE49" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 19.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora abei" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="abei">Allopora abei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5FFB60BA486985D3BF7021AB0F471658" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="89247D988462E06DFA9579C74AF160AC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora abei" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="abei">Allopora abei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Eguchi 1968: 34, pl. 34, figs 1-3.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mori 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="94289188AAC56E63A5EB306A6CDB3B46" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mori 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 17 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6FC771B78D96CBF1116E10A11DBAD255" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E9C7A9EC02631C7090BD0CF8438CFAE6" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="498F5F7C3FED1C52A71D44576C395B6E" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 429.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1EC90B473B07E76D71EB2C6969EFFF1C" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="28EBF7D137A830A4D6816EA0F62CB10C" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11, 27.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7CB6B0690332E7D5389444C6707FBC43" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133, 137 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4CB3CE6B8CEA8B2FBE0462270DFEED87" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F993D18ED1AAA0C5651AB6490E6AF406" author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 521, figs 2A, 3A.-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster abei" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="abei">Stylaster abei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4F96F0484FC1158B72489642CC0F7DD4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="15D10D5078097E96FA4A1994BB56AD3C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster abei" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="abei">Stylaster abei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="54803F22D13279BA8DCFB7ADAF03C3E1" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F73496A9C242AA784B8672ECF63320BF" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B00711EF3942103FDDA91E452905EDED" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="40BCE7EAA32DB30827F38A73B8FD1B49" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, supplemental Table S1: 2.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8ED49A58EA01E33CAB18A7C29A1682E3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="27957AB36E1289F2E29EE966998C544C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="190A8F342F8F4688223F776F375523B1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, 3, supplemental Table S1: 2.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Allopora brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="44F704F09D325682B7AAFC4E175839CC" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="92B79C02BD2F84CC55CA1AE75F4B01A8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A51ABAD1A5509D440E75DA42964BB13A" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F93515637748219E5F9793CADB3089D0" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Allopora brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Alb-4777: The dried holotype is deposited at the USNM (43264, also SEM stub 1497), measuring 9 cm in height (Fig. 11A); a paratype is also deposited at the CAS (28183). Type locality.Albatross 4777:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="915D7626CDAC71F814C1D9117AD52FE2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.81667">179°49'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="222E5CED0766F2BA44CCA370C9ED9A47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.81667">179°49'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Petrel Bank, Aleutian Islands), 79-95 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Allopora abei: Holotype, dry, Dept. of Mineral Sciences, Tohoku University (1001). Type locality. Off the Aleutian Islands, exact locality and depth unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9D9C72930A7630961E64C67F8D3CC547" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Allopora abei: Holotype, dry, Dept. of Mineral Sciences, Tohoku University (1001). Type locality. Off the Aleutian Islands, exact locality and depth unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A1E6A078485CBE5E4F01D6C1392178E1" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3C270BE5CF8E416E1074CDE60BECEE97" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="721F47C1D73B7E6E49337F3CE21116C5" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
Holotype, USNM 43264; Alb-3599,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.083332">52°05'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="851167AB7E39898901038F35BC5428FB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.083332">52°05'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="177.66667">177°40'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="769DB3BC53ABAA889835D7E3B6E3B7C9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="177.66667">177°40'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 101 m, 9 Jun 1894, 1 female, USNM 76814 (part of type lot of Stylaster campylecus); Alb-4779,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="56209FB8EC366C62C3DF722265509FA5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.95">179°57'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E2A55E25B90909C166037BD07871422D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.95">179°57'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 99-102 m, 5 Jun 1905, 1 female, USNM 44069; Alaskan Leader 35,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.02833">53°01'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7AEAC6304009EE16B47D18A9B52FB6FB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.02833">53°01'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-170.09972">170°05'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="85450F8156FBCABC16C40886E92EB7D1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-170.09972">170°05'59"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 200-400 m, 4 Jun 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122516; Delta 5607,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.383892">51°23'02"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E486661EC6E671673B2084269A2D2893" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.383892">51°23'02"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.02722">179°01'38"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9EC58368CCAD70EC28572D9B8510D81C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.02722">179°01'38"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 126 m, 18 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1122486; Delta 5620,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.961113">51°57'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1B29B92A2BD5B15E50CB213B41A956DE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.961113">51°57'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.8336">176°50'01"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9BA01BB4C8868C7AEC0F742DA02F005D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.8336">176°50'01"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 150 m, 24 Jul 2002, 5 female, 5 males, 5 indet., some in alcohol, USNM 1112304, 1123302, 1123304, 1123345-1123350; Delta 5622,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.960278">51°57'37"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D78FB818FDBE1F6A1BECAD8A956A947B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.960278">51°57'37"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.83278">176°49'58"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DC70037024B4D2DEA1DE0713CA94FD9D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.83278">176°49'58"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 140 m, 24 Jun 2002, 2 indet., USNM 1123303; Delta 5624,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.794445">51°47'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9968F03E027456752A05827225ED2097" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.794445">51°47'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.83278">176°49'58"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BAD556DC10B08C7D7083201DE103D380" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.83278">176°49'58"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 140 m, 25 Jun 2002, 1 male, USNM 1123300; Delta 5625,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.961666">51°57'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BAC29E02D6BD2302C659C4C201AD5844" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.961666">51°57'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.8336">176°50'01"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4B62D061C7CED73CBAAE9A4C4AC0F81C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.8336">176°50'01"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 156 m, 25 Jun 2002, 1 female, 1 indet., USNM 1027821; Delta 6000-10D-12,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.847134">51°50.828'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="806F8C515B5DA044ED93F97BF96E9CD2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.847134">51°50.828'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.8279">179°49.674'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5C867A8E54C73E225131290EE46084D5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.8279">179°49.674'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 112 m, 5 Jul 2003, 1 female, AB10-0002; Dominator 971-73,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.552776">52°33'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A77339186F22EA375E737F85D1856F2C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.552776">52°33'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-172.34944">172°20'58"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3275E710E23F25EC0223B474178DDC34" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-172.34944">172°20'58"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 217 m, 6 Jun 1997, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1123366; Dominator 971-135,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.622776">51°37'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EF6EBEC275E8E4C147746E6AE0244032" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.622776">51°37'22"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.58333">178°35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="80126AAD184F8EA9050E5A6F9FD444C2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.58333">178°35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 163 m, 14 Jul 1997, 1 female, USNM 1123364; Let's Go,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.95">51°57'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="220202AF2CAB97C2117A5A1198A5760F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.95">51°57'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.18333">178°11'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1CDCDE3D0714AA55C418950A7C6CF8E5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.18333">178°11'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-247 m, 30 Aug 1986, 3 males, USNM 96259; MF 801-70,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.056667">52°03'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1742A8B04A8BA036C7797B7783D02697" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.056667">52°03'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.41833">179°25'06"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F7D364A71E36C871823005A38F022BB5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.41833">179°25'06"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 174 m, 29 Jul 1980, 1 female, USNM; MF 833-47,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.926666">51°55'36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="37184B7D6ED7364C9B20BE692529069E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.926666">51°55'36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.88">176°52'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C767B5D6B16F169E5E316525678482DB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.88">176°52'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 201 m, 5 Aug
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">1983</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="0AE3A56A4A109E758C1ED348C6C92616" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">1983</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, 1 male, USNM 77048; Ocean Olympic,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.075275">52°04'31"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F7B37A36DC1A487E0684343F4D390E56" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.075275">52°04'31"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.20778">177°12'28"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F65D6EB88A1BB63A33131943BCE68566" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.20778">177°12'28"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 293 m, 4 Mar 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122540; Pacific Knight 941-36,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.033333">53°02'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D8ECFAD480212BB00AC96B9558D652A6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.033333">53°02'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.21666">170°13'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4DBFE63605BDA6F3D510EEB012F47FAA" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.21666">170°13'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-178 m, 11 Jun 1994, 8 male, USNM 96265, 96525, and 96542; Pacific Knight 941-37,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.283333">52°17'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5CB4D1ACC90A60450BCD2D05DD6F9382" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.283333">52°17'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.66667">170°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DBC0072B418D06672BD4785D0D135C15" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.66667">170°40'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-155 m, 12 Jun 1994, 1 male, USNM 96269; Pacific Knight 941-40,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.683334">52°41'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7C7D8DE2C747EC3CC8CF1CE14255FF4B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.683334">52°41'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.81667">170°49'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="97ABAF65D2FD24BDA99E93ACEE13F10F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.81667">170°49'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-126 m, 12 Jun 1994, 1 male, 1 indet., USNM 96270 and 96534; Pacific Knight 941-42,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.916668">52°55'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1BA45AE81CAFCA48F21EC1F0C707AB23" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.916668">52°55'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.4">170°24'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="42C813978D49EE3C9F7491B3C4F343CD" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.4">170°24'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-225 m, 13 Jun 1994, 1 male, USNM 96522; Pacific Knight 941-49,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.766666">52°46'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F6D856F43883EDECDBBE71217679404C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.766666">52°46'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="064BA859D3FB29E8EE45856EC6AE4031" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-340 m, 14 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96521; Pacific Knight 941-121,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.633335">51°38'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="908BAE7E607C5C95CD169E4D875F5E7D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.633335">51°38'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-178.31667">178°19'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4E3A101FFA7B0D1C951836FE550665A0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-178.31667">178°19'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-375 m, 5 Jul 1994, 3 female, USNM 96262; Pacific Knight 941-204, 5306'N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="171.7">171°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9A55FCB406D0DBB06D9511ECA97A3341" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="171.7">171°42'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 9-455 m, 31 Jul 1994, 1 female, USNM 96523; Sea Storm 90,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.608334">51°36'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="615B8E353095A4229C333BE1324BE8E0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.608334">51°36'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.18001">177°10'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5B6070FCED43B3CBCE6483CFBFDCC64C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.18001">177°10'48"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 217 m, 4 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1123009; Sea Storm 91, 51640'51"N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.18028">177°10'49"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="36197EB67C028FCFDD48B42C6226CAEC" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.18028">177°10'49"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 82 m, 4 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1123021; Sea Storm 100,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.71639">51°42'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="93D53967952808A991061ADF88387ADA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.71639">51°42'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.78528">175°47'07"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="047353893EF5981A289A2CC6376564D5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.78528">175°47'07"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 86-94 m, 7 Jul 2002, 1 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1076928; Sea Storm 101,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.7575">51°45'27"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5D42B2317C75465DAB0C51CEAF294606" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.7575">51°45'27"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.66833">175°40'06"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="14E29659CBA693BA472D26A00EC2E897" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.66833">175°40'06"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 83 m, 7 Jul 2002, 1 female, 2males, USNM 1123024, -26, -27; Sea Storm 105,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.149723">52°08'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8807DA33A7C5236746B8C0DCD17B1A22" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.149723">52°08'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.11307">175°06'47"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4C456F9284D724BE59EDC2F136AF56F3" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.11307">175°06'47"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 201 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1123023; Sea Storm 111, 52°16'20:N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.48695">175°29'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F4CC32550B63CA2715D8147184206A4E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.48695">175°29'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 137 m, 9 Jul 2002, 1 male and 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1123000, 1123013; Sea Storm 113,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.051945">52°03'07"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="70A4FE58D55D292EC282394AAF338FBD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.051945">52°03'07"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.3986">177°23'55"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="43DF6D7BF8C5C6815D26958F1455F686" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.3986">177°23'55"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 128 m, 10 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1123007; Sea Storm 115,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.07111">52°04'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="800703A692806BEA7A9FA45A56C8B42C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.07111">52°04'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.31778">177°19'04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1D0B0184A6A35B80B57843AEBBA03DCC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.31778">177°19'04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 165 m, 10 Jul 2002, 1 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1123020; Sea Storm 116,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.069443">52°04'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B9AF9676386A9930F0B1E1574FB43126" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.069443">52°04'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.24028">177°14'25"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="91EBBB9B8358DA951AFEDF5EA137BA82" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.24028">177°14'25"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 87-94 m, 11 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1123006; Sea Storm 118,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.003887">52°00'14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="104324F30A965A1D77713D1062167463" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.003887">52°00'14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.82777">177°49'40"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9F0FF58B737F0A8EB0A2D19887F7DE11" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.82777">177°49'40"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 104-111 m, 11 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1123283; Sea Storm 122,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9EB923C76062E7D53B45A535BEFCC5F3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.42168">179°25'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A5ECBAB9C07A622DCD3335F5443044C5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.42168">179°25'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 143 m, 13 Jul 2002, 6 male colonies, some in alcohol, and SEM stub 1499, USNM 1123043-44, 1123046, 1123048-49; Sea Storm 124,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.273335">52°16'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="70BC65914A17209CEDEEB5157CAC2696" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.273335">52°16'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.92973">179°55'47"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="23C0F21F13FF97BFE58F89E9DE71DEA8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.92973">179°55'47"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 88 m, 13 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol; Sea Storm 129,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.890003">51°53'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C81BB76582FA31F18F30A759FFF06315" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.890003">51°53'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.73528">179°44'07"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="25820D4500A105BDD3C980FDE34F8D58" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.73528">179°44'07"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 84-93 m, 14 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1123032; Sea Storm 130,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.202778">52°12'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5F2D423F305057ABD27BACBCD25CDC9B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.202778">52°12'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.2111">176°12'40"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F8C5BC3F975A6460FB597E0C6032B6E5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.2111">176°12'40"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 86 m, 15 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1123002; Sea Storm 146,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.265278">52°15'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="283E3186ED69300EA19827C2659B8613" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.265278">52°15'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-174.80055">174°48'02"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="99A826A18A15583DCA4231770D1C4DAA" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-174.80055">174°48'02"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 113 m, 20 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1123019; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.897335">51°53.84'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="09F81E7BA4AD24E63C504D7A43BB967D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.897335">51°53.84'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-177.748">177°44.88'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5DBD297C5B3855DF173FDC642376CD26" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-177.748">177°44.88'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 374 m, Feb 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122495; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.453888">52°27'14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="18D0C0BDB5A369A37517AB302C71704E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.453888">52°27'14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.515">179°30'54"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5BF41A581A2D5A63DCE8B8F661D6ABD6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.515">179°30'54"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 218 m, 2 Feb 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122521; Vesteraalen 3,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.63667">52°38'12"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="CD6D63BEE7FC0E748AB7112D9F693DC4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.63667">52°38'12"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-169.77638">169°46'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="11858F2F2CEEF90DD1E20789BCCFC211" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-169.77638">169°46'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 75 m, 21 May 2000, 1 female, USNM 1123373; Vesteraalen 5,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.67861">54°40'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B810A13DAB9CA85B1EF9626B538CC243" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.67861">54°40'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-169.10306">169°06'11"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C3D8AB65A68E3DE85E0540E73CB325DF" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-169.10306">169°06'11"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 102 m, 21 May 2000, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 1123372; Vesteraalen 8,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.15778">53°09'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3105E0C025A70E50CA4EC9561B4CE0AE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.15778">53°09'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-167.07056">167°04'14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1F7371C2AAC2E55A6C88ED888866FBD6" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-167.07056">167°04'14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 154 m, 22 May 2000, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1123371; Vesteraalen 941-36,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.933334">52°56'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="86051C128A87AB52CC7DD17FB5ED56C4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.933334">52°56'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-169.51666">169°31'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="93E09B6F5E6D68C59B28A1C89D21BCF1" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-169.51666">169°31'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-227 m, 10 Jun 1994, 1 male, USNM 96261; Vesteraalen 941-151,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.166668">52°10'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="24A568B644F9E5885A47E65C0DD02D75" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.166668">52°10'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.73334">179°44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EC9973EBE529601A46589F22333D716E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.73334">179°44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(topotypic), 0-90 m, 10 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96267; Vesteraalen 941-153,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.166668">52°10'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="41C1C6676A161A550816B6FD63BD5E40" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.166668">52°10'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.71666">179°43'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A6F43A0BEBCFB876F2639A6D500360A3" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.71666">179°43'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(topotypic), 0-94 m, 10 Jun 1994, 2 female, USNM 96268; Vesteraalen 941-167,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.9">51°54'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7DE0B291FA5DAF77D1A6FECBE72A2D8A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.9">51°54'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.33333">178°20'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="850685ED40053FBF919E2710846CB5DB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.33333">178°20'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-150 m, 19 Jul 1994, 3 male, SEM stub 1498, USNM 96264; Vesteraalen 941-185,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.05">52°03'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="06A400C66FBBB9203EAC333C3B8CB9FC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.05">52°03'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="176.51666">176°31'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DD9633FAF4C60537278B474258F59A32" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="176.51666">176°31'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-91 m, 24 Jul 1994, 1 female, USNM 96263; Vesteraalen 941-210,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.116665">53°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B5307840189BB50E248396946A9740D9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.116665">53°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="170.93333">170°56'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="290154D993EB0F1E4908A13E6663436A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="170.93333">170°56'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-92 m, 30 Jul 1994, 2 males, USNM 96266; University of Washington,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A996B654BFE7DAA584D62F98C391975A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.25">179°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4B26A26CDCB6E546F978D9849B8C77C8" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.25">179°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 278-289 m, 1 Sep 1968, 1 female, USNM 96250; McClusky, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.887222">51°53'14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E33DD5F1221C800B0949264E27975906" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.887222">51°53'14"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.79723">179°47'50"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1A4FF9CC8F5C70AF64E9920E302706EF" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.79723">179°47'50"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 35
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">1</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="CB6842F078AE7181CB8ABC9D6C207B9F" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">1</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
-393 m, 30 Mar 2000, 1 female, USNM 1122448; off Sharma, AK, depth unknown, 2 female, USNM 76539;
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8DDB514037422A008FB41C0BB6B3FEC5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1B90D0BBF782BE2B7A6BEE6EEB88DBE6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A5A566919A07A5A140C7A65D609F46C5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Colonies variable in shape, ranging from planar (Fig. 11G) to multi-planar to bushy (Fig. 11A, E), the growth form possibly moderated by commensals (see Remarks). Branch tips usually blunt and circular to slightly flattened in cross section, 2.5-3.0 mm in diameter, more slender if affected by commensals; branch anastomosis not uncommon. Largest colony (USNM 96523) 28 cm in height; colonies attached by massive, dense basal branches up to 4.2 cm in diameter (USNM 96262). Coenosteum reticulate-granular in texture, coenosteal strips 50-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7BC39B785076C8C0D8BD7785FC7DF1D6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide, separated by thin slits about 10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8BFE1D65CBE61C18D1FB09E9E0F74BC9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide; granules rounded, 7-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BF1C01D9BF7AECDA9F4CD02057F4221B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. All colonies infested with spionid polychaetes (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Polydora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="65D386A18FD56AE4BA0DA2CD0DCBD556" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Polydora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and their characteristic binary axial tubes (see Remarks). Coenosteum pale orange.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5469FD7EB0DABDEF3A02A601B32F23DF" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Cyclosystems circular, 0.9-1.1 mm in diameter, and slightly (about 1 mm) raised above coenosteum; cyclosystems uniformly arranged on three or all four sides of a branch, rarely in a linear fashion. Gastropores 0.35-0.40 mm in diameter. Gastropore tubes cylindrical, curved (Fig. 13J), and long (often 2-3 times length of gastrostyle), the length and curvature of tube making it difficult to see gastrostyle tip when viewed from above. Ring palisade absent or diffuse, the elements about 50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2ACC77BE0368F844EB60EF60DF9E8FFF" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in height and diameter. Gastrostyles lanceolate and up to 0.7 mm in height, bearing long spines up to 70
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CDDEE1A09AF79F983FFCF1D526F7037D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in length.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<paragraph id="98434788F7A6911A6FB9280FD771F9E5" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Dactylotomes 80-110
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="708B5209093E6E03CAD3BA292350001F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in width; dactylostyles poorly developed, the cylindrical elements about 20
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="62F8C7FF5C78AB3F195618FB284682E4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in height and 8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4E01D3E7EB899DC538D12627F0BA87A7" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem 6-13 (n = 50, average = 9.22 (σ = 1.43), and mode = 10). Supernumerary dactylopores quite common on coenosteum (Fig. 13
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2A61A1A4736EB21C40635DBAACFF234A" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) and even on pseudosepta, presenting as small (0.09-0.11 mm in diameter), circular, slightly raised (rimmed) pores. Pseudosepta variable in width (Fig. 13D), in the same cyclosystem varying between 0.11 and 0.30 mm; adcauline diastemas also frequently present, each about twice pseudoseptal width.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<paragraph id="15A9221FD7587D56CDD591F9F29ACCF4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Female ampullae (Fig. 13J) superficial hemispheres 0.8-1.1 mm in diameter; efferent pores rarely expressed, but if present, occurring in lateral position and somewhat recessed into coenosteum, each about 0.25 mm in diameter. Male ampullae (Fig. 13K) primarily internal, visible on coenosteal surface only as low mounds 0.3-0.5 mm in diameter, often with a small (30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="06A8CCE72D317AE88A4C3CF9E5C4F53B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
diameter) apical efferent pore. Male ampullae often occur in high density clusters, directly adjacent to one another.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C12D03DC20B8EABCC137AE575AB2BE36" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9B7668F0AB8ABA6E3B27DC95C7096FE1" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7B03208739186ECF53F4D3CA7F3A4F75" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Virtually every colony of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="08DF084844E80F110AFB02218ADF31D4" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
examined contained commensal spionid polychaetes of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Polydora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9549E2EAB8AC430D6931D5D076F85E2B" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Polydora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(K. Fauchald, per. comm.), such that this character was informally used to distinguish it from other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A95636D5B866647B8B197CAA860964AB" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species, such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7A7B61DCFBBC8278572DE7465FE85E1E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Almost every branch is bored axially by this robust worm, which forms binary longitudinal tubes 0.7-0.8 mm in diameter that are figure 8-shaped in cross section (Fig. 15K). Several worms may occur in the same colony, each having one or more efferent openings somewhere on the colony surface. It is easy to conjecture an advantage to the worm in this relationship, i.e. a secure place to live and protection from predators, but it is difficult to imagine an
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="30" pageNumber="31" start="start">advantage</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="A51B4F1269819460E5BF1CB296437149" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" start="start">advantage</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
to the stylasterid, as the worm must weaken the strength of the branches as well as compete for the same filtered plankton in the water. Thus, it would seem that these polychaetes are parasites on the coral. Large colonies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D2F87BA0EA7858FCDF4B2BC192D9BB28" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also form substantial three dimensional habitats for a variety of invertebrates, including sponges, bryozoans, hydroids, barnacles, bivalves, and ophiuroids. Heavy encrustation by sponges seems to promote a more delicate colony growth form, in which the terminal branches are only 1.5 mm in diameter (Fig. 11E). In a monograph otherwise devoted to stylasterids from Sagami Bay, Japan,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Eguchi (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="32A837C6A8439F07564046EBC463F6F6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Eguchi (1968)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
inexplicably described
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora abei" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="abei">Allopora abei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E4EF50DE2D88F403E13DD7BF1F3A8311" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora abei" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="abei">Allopora abei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from "the Aleutian Islands." Although the type was not examined, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C51A917C1C50F664FABB96F046A49FB1" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
suggested a synonymy with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3145C4A06F91C811EB33F5E9F3E4046B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster polyorchis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="polyorchis">Stylaster polyorchis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938, the illustrations provided by Eguchi suggest a synonymy with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B79928FB7CF25E33C2B867036FF02993" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.Of 86 colonies examined, 35 are female, 40 male, and 11 indeterminate, resulting in a fairly equal sex ratio.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CD80814B2BC2AB5F26FE514734E4E269" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of the most common and one of the largest growing stylasterids in the Aleutian Islands. It can be distinguished from other Alaskan species in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F5C62EC51620E110FADCBCC30C272522" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Group A) by its usually planar growth mode, higher number of dactylopores per cyclosystem, and variable width of its pseudosepta (see Table 2 for additional comparisons).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Widespread throughout Aleutian Islands from west of Attu Island to Unalaska (including Petrel Bank), with one disjunct record near Sharma (near Anchorage); 75-351 m, but most records between 100-200 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="1A88B78AA26A432E66A44963FDF66AA9" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1A88B78AA26A432E66A44963FDF66AA9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FAB4029A895B4574243E047C3E431DBC" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2120B38A9A875A92F58E1AE7A970E8AE" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="796A2494C43C53BEFF8D2E03D3D39269" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Widespread throughout Aleutian Islands from west of Attu Island to Unalaska (including Petrel Bank), with one disjunct record near Sharma (near Anchorage); 75-351 m, but most records between 100-200 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="1A88B78AA26A432E66A44963FDF66AA9" ID-Table-UUID="1A88B78AA26A432E66A44963FDF66AA9" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/1A88B78AA26A432E66A44963FDF66AA9" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B373E9A9C299166550A3B7FA4E7938AB" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Table 2. Tabular Key of the Northeast Pacific Species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9E3EABA53892046658069A101DCA250B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(AI= Aleutian Islands, BB=Bowers Bank, PB=Petrel Bank, GOA=Gulf of Alaska, CS=Cyclosystem, PS=Pseudosepta, GS=gastrostyle, DP=Dactylopore)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<table pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<tr pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0D429912769B9ED0F98BAD6F136B06BD" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<table id="E721C7A2518501B905631786660C9B96" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<tr id="C1418FDB1364B6E61CD33CBA9F4F2F48" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<th id="7A3C3950F590C80BB05CEB9D58C6BBBC" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3D8B1C47D210CBB3504A31DB8C0C300A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Stylaster stejnegeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="DD01485A5D4C2B78055FE329FEF4531B" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="23554BE4D1F529C5EABD24A9C2282B54" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster stejnegeri" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stejnegeri">Stylaster stejnegeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="3224EBCFB6FA2837A7AA330A4CE393CC" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2E5EF90EAD4270AC156EEEC4546C7E0" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster repandus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="repandus">Stylaster repandus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="0473A41212E738FCD75E2B1FAEBCA317" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FC542274BD1E8ADE70558FFA6D3C6160" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster repandus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="repandus">Stylaster repandus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="B74070C6D113A1BC1158EC596E74C83F" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EC2D02EDC750D34C66150CC032B908BC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster californicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="californicus">Stylaster californicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="2F905DBC80E34CB6AE50203D3A4FBFFD" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8AD78C6D875F3689276D1B3E7683130C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster californicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="californicus">Stylaster californicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="0D2B55CEF9EBD89DB85440E472F8B3B0" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="85DFC151EF3B7F9E845CA87C6A46363F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster campylecus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="campylecus">Stylaster campylecus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="0A782AADB4CEB7066D954067282D9345" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5A0893AAB3652547B41187EF81F67279" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster leptostylus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="leptostylus">Stylaster leptostylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="5A3300ABAB317A0227889EBEEAFFD0D1" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B53A3BF53A973A078F47DB5594CB4724" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster trachystomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trachystomus">Stylaster trachystomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster parageus subsp. parageus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="parageus" subSpecies="parageus">Stylaster parageus parageus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="19F18D6B45BAAFEA9D5C3D1EDCA6BCDB" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E73FECD2358614705FE9020114C9F2B6" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster parageus subsp. parageus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="parageus" subSpecies="parageus">Stylaster parageus parageus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster parageus subsp. columbiensis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="parageus" subSpecies="columbiensis">Stylaster parageus columbiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="307DD8971F34EC68B8C17DBDA0EB0262" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="385812A225AFCE9CFD1D1EA083E3BC2A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster parageus subsp. columbiensis" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="parageus" subSpecies="columbiensis">Stylaster parageus columbiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="2F046D79A3B3DDAA74047F131B1F018E" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3CA28E235A40FBE22A93826E8DAC852E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster alaskanus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="alaskanus">Stylaster alaskanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<th id="0C1D2C92D2E08CCF7885818C1CB0081C" colspan="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7B5298FE2A1433B0722D8CE06CA02404" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster elassotomus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="elassotomus">Stylaster elassotomus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<caption id="CF9B2C25AC4528877476C6AE6C49A67A" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BD53045312E79F2F839B5AF393AB3770" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Figure 13.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="00C2434271B950ADEF01CEC482044416" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster brochi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="brochi">Stylaster brochi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, A, E,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D756480A71DB0FE03D2A23ACA6A40EDA" originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, K male from USNM 96264
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B90ECB487C0D639D5866B7417991F05F" originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, F, J female syntype, USNM 43264 I, L male from USNM 1123049: A stereo view of cyclosystems on branch tip B stereo view of cyclosystems and supernumerary dactylopores C branch tip D a cyclosystem E coenosteal texture F dactylostyle G stereo view of longitudinal section through a cyclosystem H a gastrostyle surrounded by its ring palisade I, L an elongate gastrostyle J longitudinal section of a cyclosystem showing curvature of gastropore tube, sectioned female ampulla, and two gastrostyles K cross section through several male ampullae and a gastropore tube.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,76 +1,76 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032738" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C43D854AD094E2BB4B617F2468CE0D52" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C43D854AD094E2BB4B617F2468CE0D52" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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|
||||
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|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cyclohelia" authority="Cairns, 1991" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1991" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cyclohelia Cairns, 1991</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AE1408D83AF2B35D8B1ECCE0C7457E07" ID-CoL="7NV3Z" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cyclohelia" authority="Cairns, 1991" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1991" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cyclohelia Cairns, 1991</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Colonies lamellar, often attaining a large size. Coenosteum reticulate-granular, reddish-orange. Gastro- and dactylopores uniformly distributed on corallum faces, of the axial type. Dactylopore spines circular to elliptical, enclosed by a thin wall for entire perimeter. Dactylostyles absent. Gastrostyles elongate but tabulae absent; a diffuse ring palisade present. Ampullae internal.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D521E5115F3126507381A5B9254E9E76" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="535CDF9BEDD3FF4E205E59BB453F70A2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AA14732CAA271AC16F712E0F3A3C0034" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Colonies lamellar, often attaining a large size. Coenosteum reticulate-granular, reddish-orange. Gastro- and dactylopores uniformly distributed on corallum faces, of the axial type. Dactylopore spines circular to elliptical, enclosed by a thin wall for entire perimeter. Dactylostyles absent. Gastrostyles elongate but tabulae absent; a diffuse ring palisade present. Ampullae internal.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="82BA1CFAB74A0CBB10DC10D3B3C6DD32" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8A4A6A4B5DB3DD2746CA5F80ADEA584C" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="80E55B75B90B071AB0DEDA5C7EA06F33" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
The genus is monotypic. According to the molecular analysis of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cairns 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A25ACAF5DA4629781B228A7129D5C0C7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cairns 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), rendering the colonies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora anceps" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="anceps">Distichopora anceps</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8CAC0599D2E665E8155A672C112A2616" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Distichopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Distichopora anceps" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="anceps">Distichopora anceps</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“transition”">"transition"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C4371320423DB1CBD3F32BD490099F91" originalValue="“transition”">"transition"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in morphology between the two genera.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type Species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="098500BD5E75AB2257DBC879546ACD32" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5FA0DB9C1F3467893ACAF28877B1F2DB" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type Species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="112398BAA2FE6122C4D24819244A97F7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2BF73C58A55DAFD91653F060193ECFEB" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Cairns, 1991, by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Known only from the Aleutian Islands and Pribilof Islands, 27-567 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9108BD0543D7171C3600FD7CA09884B8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D780734119673BCC83F160841E5FCDF7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B0F3F5307635737A582C38298E4037A7" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Known only from the Aleutian Islands and Pribilof Islands, 27-567 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
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|
||||
|
|
@ -1,292 +1,292 @@
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Crypthelia_trophostega" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<treatment id="C7CBBC8AE2E4C622AC6261BA62E626BC" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032742" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C7CBBC8AE2E4C622AC6261BA62E626BC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7CBBC8AE2E4C622AC6261BA62E626BC" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
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|
||||
<paragraph id="A9370A5A583D8DD84306CD976A093D79" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="755807D236A268EF125FA2BA8CD998B6" ID-CoL="6BKXR" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Crypthelia_trophostega" authority="Fisher, 1938" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega Fisher, 1938</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 27
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="H–I30A–L">H-I30A-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7BA81FAC65CF1AA57D25BAA9B61F1C07" originalValue="H–I30A–L">H-I30A-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D70534ED9593EB103BDDF02D03F13351" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="768C9A1CFDD22154D06BDE7817067CE8" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D755911E7FA8DE8CE0A0FE10663AD4CF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 533-535, pl. 62, figs 1-8, pl. 63.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 42" title="Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00810282.418" volume="426" year="1986">Cairns 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="99C8F3297B014A3759BD097F4C2DD74F" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 42" title="Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00810282.418" volume="426" year="1986">Cairns 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 24 (ampulla code);
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="383 - 388" title="Cyclohelia lamellata, new genus and species of Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bering Sea." volume="45" year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="98FBB9AFD998C5A9D1D1337D0E2789FA" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="383 - 388" title="Cyclohelia lamellata, new genus and species of Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bering Sea." volume="45" year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 386 (off Pribilof Island).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0D8CC6A0C41364A18E69E79598ABA93E" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 102-103 (mineralogy).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="597180C21B53E726DEBC4D69D2C8CDD6" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A1B471152AFF31C18E445B879D160708" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 10, 27, fig. 29.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9B2C4E574A39810674CD86CCD16BC6BB" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133, 136 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2F2923925F92D57668F95B64D8453C5F" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 107 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DD087EC47D2854AD1A368C58A8E37BAD" author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 530, figs 2L, 3F.-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FDD0D49509FC9CEE972C46B3491A0C32" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, and supplemental Table S1: 1 (phylogeny and DNA sequences).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cryptohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptohelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Cryptohelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4EAD862B2D8247F78599D53721D4BEB8" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6771360772561A3950A9E1AEBD4DE581" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cryptohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptohelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Cryptohelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="01FC58FDD53A9B53D2B6E0C4C3FD4C4B" author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 30 (mineralogy).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Holotype: Alb-3480, 1 large dry male colony, 15 cm in width, SEM stubs 1482-1484, USNM 42876 (Fig. 27H). Paratypes: Alb-3480, 2 dry colonies, male and female, USNM 52264; Alb-3480, 1 female colony in alcohol, USNM 43769; Alb-3480, 1 dry colony, CAS 69609.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="37A1303BB53014EC3F8B757F4D378D3D" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="197A996B59DD34DD540FD943D8809F90" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="48AF61E20515CFB1106995738496BD1F" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Holotype: Alb-3480, 1 large dry male colony, 15 cm in width, SEM stubs 1482-1484, USNM 42876 (Fig. 27H). Paratypes: Alb-3480, 2 dry colonies, male and female, USNM 52264; Alb-3480, 1 female colony in alcohol, USNM 43769; Alb-3480, 1 dry colony, CAS 69609.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="73B809E6C49C807881971B9C592EFBC4" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DD892509791D22EA5F7C093CB8613784" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="53BDC496C75564E8845B24174CD22A97" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Alb-3480:
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="05FD7E7A50C2DA059870F65F2384DD69" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.1">52°06'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2E4889510F71FD96402FA1B8313B323B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-171.75">171°45'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Amukta Pass), 517 m.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8672B7D48EA0CDEEDF29601310786F81" lastPageId="58" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Material examined.Alaskan Leader 40,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.155003">52°09'18"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="688CED922C56058DFB81604BB034769C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.155003">52°09'18"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-175.67834">175°40'42"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8AD69683A103086D90CCE9C5A379F177" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-175.67834">175°40'42"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 174 m, 8 Jun 2002, 1 indet., USNM 1137354; Alaskan Leader 54-14,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.74">51°44.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2FEF875B72707856D16B4AD0B4718BDD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.74">51°44.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-178.27834">178°16.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6E70F1BDFE598DCF7CA57BFB4FBD18E2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-178.27834">178°16.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="58" pageNumber="59" start="start">567</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="7DE34AD456406341074D7CF04F63EBB9" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" start="start">567</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
-680 m, 11 Jun 2002, 1 indet., AB02-29; Alb-4771,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="54.5">54°30'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C8CF30529CCE43EA060ECB3FE8BE8541" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="54.5">54°30'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.28334">179°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7B63D2720AFEE2BD0468E50E78D88BE6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.28334">179°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 779 m, 4 Jun 1906, 2 males, USNM 76780; Alb-4780,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.016666">52°01'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8D5B25E0542E55294DF389FE8F69CC3C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.016666">52°01'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.65">174°39'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="49A0EB9D2DE7C6FB07283E02876B5F5C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.65">174°39'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 1913 m, 7 Jun 1906, 2 female, USNM 62371; Alb-4781,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24167">52°14'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="04BB24D1FC5B486028FC7E3CB7D84904" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.24167">52°14'30"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.21666">174°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="549F24BEF3F973A843824A62B3B3616A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="174.21666">174°13'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 882 m, 7 Jun 1906, 3 male, USNM 43770; Delta 6230
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–20–">-20-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="ED5A865D5C88118AB99912D86A2E8105" originalValue="–20–">-20-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
19,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="52.469032">52°28.142'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1F7354D40D375266820E0EB1EED294E3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="52.469032">52°28.142'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-173.59804">173°35.882'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="264B57D0BF93FED935C83B7F5C519658" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-173.59804">173°35.882'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 190 m, 8 Jul 2004, 1 female, AB; Dominator 971-142,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.719444">51°43'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F0D278F1B8C3BEB56BB51754DBC66197" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.719444">51°43'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.58333">178°35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3EEF9445051B9435533098A58A182A6E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.58333">178°35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 215 m, 17 Jul 1997, 1 male, USNM 1123356; Dominator 971-181,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.461945">51°27'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6558E5035E29828679D754164B1A95A8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.461945">51°27'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.58333">178°35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3A1C67009483028A21F6CC5920D258CC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.58333">178°35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 384 m, 27 Jul 1997, 1 indet., USNM 1123354; Dominator 971-201, 51°54'28"N, 378 m, 1 Aug 1997, 1 male, USNM 1123355; Dominator 971-126,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.57111">51°34'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B095A7506FD91E6DAE8DD6913D0DC745" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.57111">51°34'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.79333">177°47'36"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5952DC74423F3BD53EBDFCFDD3F9731A" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-177.79333">177°47'36"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 237 m, 12 Jul 1997, 1 indet. in alcohol, USNM 1123353; Jason II-2095
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–2-9–">-2-9-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AA1EF384F5AB8C9DC3D391DD735240B7" originalValue="–2-9–">-2-9-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.811367">51°48.682'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="573948E7AECC79CEDDC6A3EE3EE6D738" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.811367">51°48.682'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-173.8345">173°50.070'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="2F7F4AF66270BE5E60ED877491AED6B0" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-173.8345">173°50.070'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 843 m, 26 Jul 2004, 1 male, AB08-0035; Jason II-2099
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–17–">-17-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A5E69C73B49F7EF87E7EDF6F88928173" originalValue="–17–">-17-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.501682">51°30.101'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DAEDB2D7EF39F0991BF989F601D06B6C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.501682">51°30.101'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-177.03923">177°02.354'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AE1715AAC0936BAF7CC11B1F29AB41C2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-177.03923">177°02.354'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 1453 m, 30 Jul 2004, 1 indet. in alcohol, AB09-0029; Ocean Olympic,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="52.375">52°22.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F9851B8BD2B38A48E9316850C160A2E5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="52.375">52°22.5'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="176.05833">176°03.5'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="46CEB5B5623A073864BEE3B9A2720B19" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="176.05833">176°03.5'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 237 m, 1 female, AB 00-0024; Patricia Lee,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.983334">51°59'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="57AF69BF090E3084C255EEF92B1508C7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.983334">51°59'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="179.50133">179°30.08'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4C081EE9FD5F29C167B8B65556344163" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="179.50133">179°30.08'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 457 m, 1 male, AB00-0042; Sea Storm 93,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84972">51°50'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="93DD1A7E67EBBABCE75289861D26B925" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84972">51°50'59"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.43388">178°26'02"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="923F1847066A6783F57F3F15F81EBA94" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="178.43388">178°26'02"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 390 m, 5 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1122897; Sea Storm 108,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="162EAC198F3DCEBC7E466F549248FAE6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.192223">52°11'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.47166">175°28'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0E7159708B3E8B49E08993E306A0D838" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.47166">175°28'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 208 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1122893; Sea Storm 109,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.287777">52°17'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1D5A0E229AD7164E93A858CC3A79CE94" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.287777">52°17'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.34888">175°20'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F189ED245B41667FBC9AAC322ABA80D2" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.34888">175°20'56"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 238 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1122894; Sea Storm 133,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.22778">52°13'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="889A966560F749CD7774599640CCF241" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.22778">52°13'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.03862">176°02'19"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C0C958BAFC67B658DA6F3DAF0443CE34" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.03862">176°02'19"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 148 m, 15 Jul 2002, 1 female and 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1122889-90; Sea Storm 138,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.230556">52°13'50"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DE91FAE3BDCB8FC4F7555FD5BE30DA57" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.230556">52°13'50"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 175.242'E, 146 m, 16 Jul 2002, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 1122891-92; Sea Storm 148,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.47111">52°28'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EB33089DED3D9DDC606A7E02E334F0DB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.47111">52°28'16"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.31944">173°19'10"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="113AD0CE6BFFB186F5CBD863593C1F7A" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-173.31944">173°19'10"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 194 m, 2 female, SEM stub 1485, USNM 1122887-88; Sea Storm 150,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.513054">52°30'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5BF381C2B3F2350E00394984EDF5C847" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.513054">52°30'47"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-173.2935">173.2935°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7ED0107EEA46A4C7DE5DF80892F8E15C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-173.2935">173.2935°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 220 m, 21 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1075952; Sea Storm 151,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.56111">52°33'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="89CBD8243A5FACFCC9812EFB34A2B053" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.56111">52°33'40"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-173.3195">173.3195°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AFB51E6FEDE5EA3776BA29B640A89E9B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-173.3195">173.3195°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 203 m, 21 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1122895; Sea Storm 155,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.64528">52°38'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="837BEA3EF71588DE9988E05431590396" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.64528">52°38'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-172.273">172°16.38'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5161D93AE23B411E8CE921C1B2960199" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-172.273">172°16.38'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 393-401 m, 22 Jul 2002, 1 indet., USNM 1122896; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.210278">54°12'37"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="792DE18663656C31A7E1885A3581D2B5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="54.210278">54°12'37"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.50139">179°30'05"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE4A2C8EF54B2FF20272161D07DA2258" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.50139">179°30'05"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 179 m, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 1122435and 1122446; Shishaldin,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="54.116665">54°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="42DC77E33E69FDCCB0118574441750C3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="54.116665">54°07'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.75">179°45'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E2CBA92D3149E1F4B4869B922F27BD51" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.75">179°45'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 366 m, 20 Feb 2000, 1 female, SEM stubs 1486-87, USNM 1122487; Vesteraalen 941-138,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.466667">51°28'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="63C0822D1D0E60003840095ED8F57496" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.466667">51°28'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-178.63333">178°38'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0F14A1E02320D9CAC129A7FC1493DF4F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-178.63333">178°38'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-311 m, 7 Jul 1994, 1 male, USNM 96248; Vesteraalen 941-167,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.9">51°54'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="0AB83FA2C720BDAD74DD1DE11D1F4F26" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.9">51°54'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.33333">178°20'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C60E4D798E00F915A96139817C5F864C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="178.33333">178°20'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-150 m, 19 Jul 1994, 1 female, USNM 96240;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84222">51°50'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8FB5EE63E1556C5E49498E8F080A96E4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84222">51°50'32"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.00223">176°00'08"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="794A6DC5ABE35D11D05822CE0AC8B746" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.00223">176°00'08"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 272 m, 5 Dec 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122441; "Gulf of Alaska", 219-274 m, 1 female, USNM 77415; "Bering Sea", 1 male in alcohol, USNM 76570; University of Washington,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2024EA64522366E586377BEDE8E813" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="51.533333">51°32'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.25">179°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A1E7FB8E7B1D902BD78C7C4CF8C9891D" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-179.25">179°15'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 278-289 m, 1 Sep 1968, 1 female, USNM 62372.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CF75FB1B556B35C7AF5798F77810CCF5" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1AAF9DFFBF0669B390CDB2ACC2EDEA15" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4DC5ECFDAF9BC7C824F4D964928CCC64" lastPageId="59" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||||
Colonies variable in shape, usually uniplanar (Fig. 27H) but sometimes forming three dimensional bushes (Fig. 27I) or multiplanar colonies. Largest colony known (USNM 1122446) is multiplanar, 20 cm tall and 12 cm wide, with a basal diameter of 11.5 mm, this colony only slightly larger than the holotype. Branching irregularly dichotomous and often anastomotic, which reinforces strength of a uniplanar colony. Coenosteum linear-imbricate in surface texture, the parallel strips 50-70
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6FFD656D2F2347BD751D11F4B63045D0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide. Strips covered with irregularly shaped platelets, which are rarely continuous across a strip but dissected into 2-5 smaller sections, each of which has an irregular leading edge and only a slight imbricating overlap with more distal platelet, altogether producing a rough microtexture. Shallow, circular (0.06-0.13 mm in diameter) nematopores very common, occurring on branch coenosteum, cyclosystem
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="59" pageNumber="60" start="start">lids</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="175941F549B4C3D20A933BCD9C19FA68" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" start="start">lids</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, and even on pseudosepta (Fig. 30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="231B0420C815B4625EF94D6C3D99374C" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6F195F5C672B41547D6C51C4B204E25E" originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, J), most concentrated around cyclosystem edge. Nematopores flush with coenenchyme or encircled with a very low rim. Coenosteum white.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8B947F8ED28AD8E0C82023D8AACD70B" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
Cyclosystems unilinearly arranged either bifacially or on one face, both conditions sometimes occurring on same colony. Unifacially arranged cyclosystems seem to be more common on uniplanar colonies, whereas the bifacial arrangement favors bushy coralla. Cyclosytems circular to slightly elliptical in outline (2.2-2.6 mm in diameter), the greater axis of ellipse being perpendicular to branch axis. Cyclosystems slightly flared, each covered with a horizontal lid that covers most of cyclosystem, sometimes even fusing to opposite side of cyclosystem. Lids usually greatly inflated, containing the male or female ampullae. Cyclosystems have a range of 13-23 dactylopores (n = 50, average = 18.66 (σ=1.96), and mode = 19). Upper gastropore chamber spherical, about 0.9-1.0 mm in diameter, which is separated from lower, flattened chamber by a circular gastropore ring constriction 0.4-0.6 mm in diameter, the lower chamber being about 0.8-0.9 mm in diameter (Fig. 30H). Dactylotomes uniform in width, 0.14-0.16 mm; pseudosepta quite slender, having a thin (20-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2B799FA5066C89104A4B076EE63D32B0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) blade-like inner edge (Fig. 30F). Upper edges of pseudosepta not exsert, but gradually attenuate in size near cyclosystem edge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6047ED9CCCC9E44B81EF6B6F1E75FC48" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
Female ampullae (Fig. 30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AC14DED31E24642D90F2D0D54B17D909" originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) smooth, massive, hemispherical swellings in cyclosystem lid, often two ampullae contained in same lid (Fig. 30I). Efferent pores quite large (up to 0.5 mm in diameter), opening beneath lid (type A ampulla formula of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 42" title="Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00810282.418" volume="426" year="1986">Cairns 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="70D5CF638C476FDD8616CFD3A696D1AA" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 42" title="Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00810282.418" volume="426" year="1986">Cairns 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="H–I">H-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="416D1E8FA36C9E694EA9FD908FAF5AC1" originalValue="H–I">H-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Male ampullae (Fig. 30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="25C0613014F5D0146AA41260219BF9DE" originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) irregularly shaped swellings in cyclosystem lid, up to 11 occurring in one lid. Efferent pores smaller (10-12 um in diameter), also opening beneath the lid (type A2 ampulla formula of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 42" title="Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00810282.418" volume="426" year="1986">Cairns 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9AFC472F5B44FBE3CC665871EAB0FB99" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 42" title="Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00810282.418" volume="426" year="1986">Cairns 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)(Fig. 30C, K).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6D5A8DD842A1726316297661D930807E" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="40D19BC498FCB2B78E8F67D78F3CC0C1" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A5B3B5A8D36121D1923D57C18F6B9E91" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
Among the 31 Recent species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Crypthelia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B6DED248273010D2A743E5003C1C7288" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Crypthelia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B7DC465BB23A36F5AA8C1E27EA8EAA1C" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Atoll Research Bulletin" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="13 - 46" title="Appendix: list of extant stony corals." volume="459" year="1999">Cairns et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; www.marinespecies.org),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2E163791E0CBBCC77C43EE223AB2CEC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is unique in having a tendency to have a bifacial cyclosystem arrangement and for having more than one female ampullae per cyclosystem lid. Furthermore, only one other species is known to have the
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–A">A-A</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="13564756CBF5F68B943805E88E5262AB" originalValue="A–A">A-A</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2 ampulla formula (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 42" title="Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00810282.418" volume="426" year="1986">Cairns 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8BD0F724F3738ED590ADBBDCE77DE5DB" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 42" title="Stylasteridae (Hydrozoa: Hydroida) of the Galapagos Islands." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00810282.418" volume="426" year="1986">Cairns 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), that being
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia pudica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">Crypthelia pudica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Milne Edwards, H" journalOrPublisher="Compte Rendu Hebdomadaire des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris," pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="67 - 73" title="Memoire sur les polypiers appartenant a la famille des Oculinides, au groupe intermediaries des Pseudoastreides et a la famille des Fongides." volume="29" year="1849">Milne Edwards and Haime 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FD29D6E01334095E88EA6A4808680CFF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia pudica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">Crypthelia pudica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B3EFE66008F317C63B41CFF7F3050F6A" author="Milne Edwards, H" journalOrPublisher="Compte Rendu Hebdomadaire des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris," pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="67 - 73" title="Memoire sur les polypiers appartenant a la famille des Oculinides, au groupe intermediaries des Pseudoastreides et a la famille des Fongides." volume="29" year="1849">Milne Edwards and Haime 1849</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5F8244CA2D5267020D4AE90477C031BF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differs from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia pudica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">Crypthelia pudica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4A6B8E0BCC47538AC69BF0166B244AA0" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia pudica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pudica">Crypthelia pudica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having bifacial cyclosystems, a rougher coenosteal texture, more nematopores, larger cyclosystems, and lower lids. The corallum was found to be 100% aragonitic according to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="111E5D43C49B9687C060F63031D731F0" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Cairns and Macintrye (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Of the 42 specimens examined: 18 are female, 18 male, and 6 indeterminate in gender.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Aleutian Islands from Near Islands to Amuka Pass, Petrel and Bowers Banks, off Pribilof Bank; 146-1913 m, although most records between 200 and 400 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CBAF7D4055AEEE67726D571C8D56C1E7" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4F7D7412105B3FB1A2BE57643E5386F9" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6DCC56AE2023EB42BC7078E651DD7B95" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Aleutian Islands from Near Islands to Amuka Pass, Petrel and Bowers Banks, off Pribilof Bank; 146-1913 m, although most records between 200 and 400 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="545B11AD617F56CE132D52F22E256CB8" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
<paragraph id="74E29414FA6AE4BB180CFB08B40CE44A" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||||
Figure 30.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9895893A6A20D853C4E24B200A53B662" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="61479D884CB1151751EEA82159B31A5E" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, F,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C137838E59A6E403D9FB205DBE77917E" originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
female colony, USNM 1122887
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F48C3A85D5BBDF1262D83C216A4DC019" originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, G,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FB1F4F5CE25B038FCCB5D21551E3A314" originalValue="K–L">K-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
holotype (male), USNM 42876:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AD6772E430E385A0B980BC8943D99095" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
cyclosystem and lid, covered with numerous nematopores C under side of cyclosystem lid showing numerous male efferent pores
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7390B9F9CC45DB04EC58AA7F4654B83D" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
coenosteal texture F slender pseudosepta bearing nematopores G three nematopores H stereo view of longitudinal section of cyclosystem showing multiple female efferent pores under lid I enlargement of efferent pores of figure H J fractured female lid K stereo view of fractured cyclosystem showing multiple male efferent pores (enlarged in fig. C) L stereo view of cyclosystem missing its lid revealing several male ampullae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,102 +1,102 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032736" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF062C004A19684B50793FC3CE7BEA48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF062C004A19684B50793FC3CE7BEA48" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
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<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<treatment id="CF062C004A19684B50793FC3CE7BEA48" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032736" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF062C004A19684B50793FC3CE7BEA48" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF062C004A19684B50793FC3CE7BEA48" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="74C00668E85A63E037EF57723CA6C763" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="630E38EA7630B41A899C024094F8DBC7" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylantheca" authority="Fisher, 1931" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1931" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca Fisher, 1931</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6BB16F4B081F4A91B05386074F88BDF2" ID-CoL="7Q383" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylantheca" authority="Fisher, 1931" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1931" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca Fisher, 1931</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Colonies encrusting, forming thin laminae on rocks and shells, rarely forming short stubby branches. Coenosteum reticulate-granular and of many colors; coenosteal papillae quite common. Gastro- and dactylopores arranged in cyclosystems, often with more than one gastrostyle per cyclosystem; pores of the peripheral type; supernumerary dactylopores rare. Gastropore tube single-chambered, but may be constricted by a ring palisade. Dactylostyles usually robust. Ampullae usually internal.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E903616981B024E91C4FE98B0617BA05" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FDD983581DC163ED1A0595D07ABC8CE9" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="243245E3151F68A7B87C5682F06EA225" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Colonies encrusting, forming thin laminae on rocks and shells, rarely forming short stubby branches. Coenosteum reticulate-granular and of many colors; coenosteal papillae quite common. Gastro- and dactylopores arranged in cyclosystems, often with more than one gastrostyle per cyclosystem; pores of the peripheral type; supernumerary dactylopores rare. Gastropore tube single-chambered, but may be constricted by a ring palisade. Dactylostyles usually robust. Ampullae usually internal.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3C2CBB582339D31EAFCF8437F88F90A0" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F917CC65AA09F19505E7C652806B7569" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2D4DD15B203D1A1A5E32C4B266CF4253" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
As summarized by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FF073F838381C56ADCCADBEFE854245E" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, species attributed to this genus have been placed in the genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Allopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2B139785440A68276210A131F7649EFC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Allopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BA9501EB5E4D476323BB4292D4EA3923" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and as a subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D0A546AF97F0C57DE85E11217EBBD937" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="74F70CE314EDE45A6A5AC16EC8B42CC5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Dall, 1884) is indeed very similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="80648F69B9E4F9E2A74E2FAC3589B918" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Group A, i.e.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Allopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="107433C110AAD3E420F5B46DE44B719A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Allopora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). At present the only characters differentiating
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="26D4AFEDA404C83F547956EC279DF10C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="59C8AC64079B6E69ED3969EA9BA3B297" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Group A) is its tendency to form encrusting colonies, and its tendency to have more than one gastrostyle per cyclosystem, although there are exceptions to both of those criteria. Deeper water colonies of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BA880F1D0122FF4178066029CFA2E7AA" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
often have short stubby branches, and the northern range of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="56965CAE87B0983E9BD4E56BD852C7AF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sometimes has only one gastrostyle per cyclosystem (see Remarks of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F909DC7B8E51DEEB1CD889145FEC7694" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
). It is likely that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="10CA6D00CEC1C1BE2F26875708DFDF29" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
belongs to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E0C33525096B5338DDB67DFD38461E4E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylaster</taxonomicName>
|
||||
genus, perhaps as a fifth group, i.e., "Group E", of species sensu
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5F089FB36F8FFC668AE719B79D085BFC" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
that would include encrusting species with a tendency to have multiple gastrostyles per cyclosystems. But until more specimens have been collected to study morphological variation, we choose to retain the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="67EE4DCD2C9F83ADCF74091108B42F1A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2A16ED9043D6A4EE3CD4C1EB6F0DE92A" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="type species">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F07521B536F837FBC81FE692214666CE" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Type species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AF43E74F2B532264E255576599FC4217" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F8E726A581E7919383263E116EDA83B2" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1931, by monotypy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">From the Alaska Peninsula to Lower California, 0-27 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3FD35C0C17CF3A43AB299F633CF82FE4" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8A5985EAA3D09A42228640A8A4EA4C59" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FD6AC4C1E62979907913EDAAAB853BCB" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">From the Alaska Peninsula to Lower California, 0-27 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,354 +1,354 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032737" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E3565A4F9F9027CB8CEE6C3614578C79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3565A4F9F9027CB8CEE6C3614578C79" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylantheca_papillosa" authority="Dall, 1884" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1884" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa (Dall, 1884)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<treatment id="E3565A4F9F9027CB8CEE6C3614578C79" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032737" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E3565A4F9F9027CB8CEE6C3614578C79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E3565A4F9F9027CB8CEE6C3614578C79" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1373F4C6846132F31C7FAA408AD39677" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DFC57314A109948228F2F395AF3086C9" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2DE9EDD0CFC953820015366B7BBF50C5" ID-CoL="6ZZRQ" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylantheca_papillosa" authority="Dall, 1884" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1884" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa (Dall, 1884)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 27
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–G29A–L">D-G29A-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5F42BEAC7CB25D26F453FA2EB4282324" originalValue="D–G29A–L">D-G29A-L</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Allopora papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0EE4C34A15DE2EE94E02BA135D1BFBD2" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AB7E8D9AC948D2122CE9E0C3A63C89BA" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2E169996A15ED185B44F358BADAAC66F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Allopora papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Dall, 1884: 113-114.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A514A9D66BC673157D4E4FAE57B57C91" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 527-528, pl. 54, fig. 4, pl. 59, fig. 3.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1916A1CDE4F39B9D37823D9F40FBC21E" lastPageId="54" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A920AFD8AB92F66683091179334EFEDC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="53" pageNumber="54" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1931: 395-397, pl. 15, figs 1, 1a, pl. 16, figs 5, 5a-b, pl. 17, figs 6, 6a-c.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Boschma 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="43B55F652C2EF1CE91FDC417E5509E95" pageId="53" pageNumber="54">Boschma 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: F100, text fig. 81-1a-b;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Series C" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="423 - 434" title="Gyropora africana, a new stylasterine coral. Proceedings Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenshappen, Amsterdam." volume="63" year="1960">1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="21ECC02BFA028E5B565E3BB019C50C2A" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Series C" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="423 - 434" title="Gyropora africana, a new stylasterine coral. Proceedings Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenshappen, Amsterdam." volume="63" year="1960">1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 426-427, text
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="54" pageNumber="55" start="start">figs</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="69740F7E4A063D0E417283137397D274" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" start="start">figs</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
1e-g.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9A8A90A885304A12D9987E73938EFFFF" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430, 481-483, figs 18A-I, 24H, 27G, J.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AEEC816526E290C5AB90AAC354BB2A98" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 10, 27.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0EB6576C5C9176065C33B4B03C9BAFAD" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C039B40A1BA265E9DFA9F42273EA0E7F" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Whitmire and Clarke 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="77C4BAD8A27551AD1B05195CDD2A792F" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Whitmire and Clarke 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 154 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6C64B87C99ABEB17756198AD1DE2F998" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="168E46874A979A121D68A1AEAF8BC702" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC59609FEF69AE0854AF214D38A9A5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938: 530-531, pl. 54, figs 5, 5a, pl. 59, fig. 4.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Frichman, HK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Second International Coral Reef Symposium" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="245 - 258" title="The planula of the stylasterine hydrocoral Allopora californica Fisher: its structure, metamorphosis and development of the primary cyclosystem." volume="2" year="1974">Frichman 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FA54E547E5A4696DEF63FC5752EB8901" author="Frichman, HK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Second International Coral Reef Symposium" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="245 - 258" title="The planula of the stylasterine hydrocoral Allopora californica Fisher: its structure, metamorphosis and development of the primary cyclosystem." volume="2" year="1974">Frichman 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 245-258 (larval development).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Allopora porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8F92076D7CF83FE7D0BF6D34E3A4820E" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="44AEE018F9C5EBBEB8D7B5BFEB1F223B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Allopora porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A0008AE85DF4EFEFD92FCE4D504AA442" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 528-530, pl. 59, figs 1-2, pl. 60, pl. 61,figs 1, 1a, pl. 70, figs 2, 2a.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AA76E221682C686931A6013BED6D4BD2" author="Thompson, TG" journalOrPublisher="Deep-Sea Research (Supplement)" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="20 - 39" title="The strontium-calcium atom ratio in carbonate-secreting marine organisms." volume="3" year="1955">Thompson and Chow 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 30 (mineralogy).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster (Allopora) porphyrus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyrus" subGenus="Allopora">Stylaster (Allopora) porphyrus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1FF6FA192AB9C40551281F3F23063D0C" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B1AD81AB5F9C20CBF2DEA74B1A586CD2" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster (Allopora) porphyrus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyrus" subGenus="Allopora">Stylaster (Allopora) porphyrus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 113" title="Investigations of Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals). Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akaddemi I Oslo. 1." volume="3" year="1942">Broch 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BF5374C92ED8878E7CCDEF060CB286EE" author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 113" title="Investigations of Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals). Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akaddemi I Oslo. 1." volume="3" year="1942">Broch 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 102.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster (Stylantheca) porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra" subGenus="Stylantheca">Stylaster (Stylantheca) porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2C67CE1C5BF183D9A4E698D32466E70A" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="365C24BC0F9DD534C18FE47ACC75017D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster (Stylantheca) porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra" subGenus="Stylantheca">Stylaster (Stylantheca) porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Boschma 1951: 39, text fig. 5b.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Stylantheca petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70B962F4B2AD36B98AA1A75383EFD8EB" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C2D03288F2279FE4FD3F9128A095DB9" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Stylantheca petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CD9C7FC02C817258E99FE223F7E3D45B" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5A1BE3319C526D69E99C98971D069F68" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 10, 27.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BCDEA5192BD7360BCF4418AB33950A93" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CC2341652FF7DE85463825DFC12EF36D" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Whitmire and Clarke 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5206369DE05CCF21B2F101A039876CFC" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Whitmire and Clarke 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 154 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1E53583276C4D60A92E8648AB7B4BB29" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6642A1EA078A35857530873BE3304302" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, and supplemental Table 1: 2 (phylogeny and DNA sequences).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D733F961C85DED78908847BB55894CCD" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="01518A95BA31BD503BDDB87715CCB4F2" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FF32AC92EB609B2DCE3FA5D0FEA3E8B9" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 430.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7F687B27C7039D6BAB50DF442420CBD6" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 10, 27.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="950A92B6267693808122511E8E4863D4" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F4249B151A1DCB23FC883BC8DD46664A" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7F308E859E52BEDA78E215A9AC5B06E7" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylaster porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4A6DE9BBB190AAC67054E498C87AA259" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7A3C31FD80C644D3B1771BE28FA122F8" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylaster porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A1637E579EED15399F7C4BEC0DDE3C57" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Jamieson et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Allopora papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8451F0DA7CC52C4A01C5305CAD0EDA9F" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="66484CFF95CD329A27EEE9E18C4B62BC" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="458A180E0770107E674C7089D410A067" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AB6BF0A2875DA9D236E48BAD9C147EFA" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Allopora papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: holotype, a small (11 mm long) dry encrusting fragment, USNM 6852 (Fig. 27D).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Coal Harbor, Unga Island, Shumagin Islands, Alaska Peninsula, 11 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyrea" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyrea">Stylantheca porphyrea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F5630A3FEE216B286ECEDC7337D5EA23" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3C0EF9FACAE7A5337012C7DDFED7735C" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3D22413CB575F39939FA4D77E59A9949" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Coal Harbor, Unga Island, Shumagin Islands, Alaska Peninsula, 11 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ED56438C535A2C10B1CF178D7C41CDDB" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9741947D455292D0A21751FF27F0984E" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyrea" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyrea">Stylantheca porphyrea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: holotype (USNM 43018, Fig. 27G) and 13 paratype colonies (USNM 43019, 43276, 43277 and SEM stub 136), all dry.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AC2ECA9F71D95159363B14A1ABDB6FFD" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ABDA449761F76C93F7AC6E39570A2CFF" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C8378D38A53EB73591705D026BD32BAA" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
Pescadero Point, Carmel Bay, California (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="36.561665">36°33'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6036DE4F2C12136B9FE72AD08F8C81E3" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="36.561665">36°33'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-121.953606">121°57'13"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="77F7A7EE0782C5060638D167D0451040" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-121.953606">121°57'13"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), intertidal.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FBB0ED10F6ADE7990CA49AD684C8D50C" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9E77732E11754E68CAA112BEFD33D864" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: two small (15 and 17 mm in length) dry, male encrusting fragments, syntypes, and SEM stub 1506, USNM 43272 (Fig. 27F). Type locality. Kyack Island, mouth of Sitka Harbor, Alaska, intertidal.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B05F1793631401E5DE5C31B8FA914963" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C680ADC1F1D23BE190513CD1B1630E90" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="017CF2D9D1BC3D7DBF8D10F98A0AEAE2" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||||
Types of the three named species; Middle of Cross Sound, AK, 15-21 m, 27 Jul 1978, 5 female colonies, AB78-120; South of Yasha Island, Chatham Strait, AK, depth unknown, 31 Jul 1976, 8 female colonies in alcohol, and SEM stubs 1532-34, AB76-55; Wooden Island, AK, depth unknown, 2002, 1 indet., AB02-150; Wooden Island, AK, depth unknown, 15 May 2009, 1 male in alcohol, AB09-10; Race Rocks, Victoria, British Columbia, depth unknown, 2002, 8 colonies dry and in alcohol, USNM 1073478; Seontary Island, Victoria, BC, 10 m, Jul 2002, 1 large male colony, USNM 1096626;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="48.3">48°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="CEFBC72C3005F59EA1CD8B0BA70088BC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="48.3">48°18'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-123.53">123°31.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="64B5B209DE2914B4C9DB487B6CF2D9C4" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-123.53">123°31.8'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 12.1 m, 6 Sep 1973, 1 female colony, USNM 76559; cactus island Channel, BC, 15 m, 1 male, AB02-0006; Lion's Gate Bridge, Burrard Inlet, British Columbia, 18 m, Jan 2002, 2 indet., AB02-0005; Turn Island, Washington, 0-27 m, 6 Jul 1995, 10 colonies, USNM 1084659; Puget Sound, Washington, 27 m, 2, CAS 117458-59; Squaw Island, Oregon, 20 Jul 1962, 1 female colony, USNM 45685;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="43.304165">43°18'15"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C6BCCD0955EF806F9F5FB4138960113C" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="43.304165">43°18'15"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-124.39889">124°23'56"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="7B2DDA43D3F24972C457AA365F3D165C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-124.39889">124°23'56"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
(Charleston, Oregon), intertidal, 2 indet in alcohol, USNM 1086321; Pillar Point, Half Moon Bay,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="55" pageNumber="56" start="start">California</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="7B0EF92E01AFC7B84BB65B13D93F609C" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" start="start">California</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, intertidal, 18 Feb 1996, 16 colonies, USNM 1084663; Pigeon Point, California, intertidal, 12 Jul 1995, 12 colonies (forma porphyra), USNM 1084662.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9391203788F150D62A77109EB440F0FE" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B7EB3BB15C4F2F2C530E84E9C9DE07F" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E96B749D94A54CDC06DC342047E07369" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
The typical form is variable in colony shape, those specimens living in a high energy shallow-water environment usually being encrusting, the layer of coenosteum sometimes less than 1 mm thick (Fig. 27E), the gastrostyle base almost resting on the hard substrate. In deeper water, colonies produce short (up to 17 mm), knobby, clavate, cylindrical branches, which originate from the basal encrustation. Only rarely will these branches bifurcate. Although the types of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="293F6CC20EFEF7B418C32340F5F75BBE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Stylantheca petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="344BFB52F1028AF04D684DAE1D85894B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Stylantheca petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are small, beach-worn fragments (Figs 27D, F), the species produces mats up to 30 cm in diameter. Parasitic spionid polychaetes (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Polydora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F048A300B1B2EFB8DCE8B0730CE95F89" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora" order="Spionida" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Polydora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
?alloporis Light, 1970) usually present, forming binary tubes/paired burrows throughout the coenosteum. Coenosteum reticulate-granular in texture, the strips about 50-55
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="330440067E398FA9C0C20B47BADDDA98" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in width, separate by slits 12-15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="63D72D56A4CF8F41692E56877BE0A891" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide. Short, porous, conical papillae (nematopores?) common on coenosteum, each about 0.13 mm in diameter and equally tall (Fig. 29B, D,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0D7F4E19025D3AE0BA990A21836A7E2F" originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Coenosteum purple, pink, red, and occasionally white, the tips of the clavate branches usually white.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FA56476BD2228091B7CC677314F26E5A" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
Cyclosystems uniformly arranged on encrustations and on all sides of branchlets; diameter of cyclosystems 0.9-1.2 mm. Gastropore tube highly constricted, the upper larger portion being infundibuliform to spherical, the lower chamber spherical and almost completely occupied by the gastrostyle(s), the two portions of the chamber constricted near gastrostyle tip. Gastropore tube diameter about 0.3 mm, the tube constriction about half that diameter. Just above the constriction numerous small (up to 45
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E480E66FCBA039D955AE5E27C8B5C462" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in length) papillae form a wide ring palisade (Fig. 29K) further reducing access to lower chamber. Gastrostyles quite variable and sometimes irregular in shape, including globose (Fig. 29K), lanceolate, or triangular. Regardless, gastrostyles bear quite long (up to 50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D659DB00555856CD19E782B2E20676E1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long and 15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CAF9134B88F0FB886CF2792166D38555" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter) spines that completely obscure the underlying gastrostyle shaft. Usually there is only one gastrostyle per cyclosystem, but occasionally the upper chambers of two cyclosystems are linked together resulting in two gastrostyles in one cavity, and rarely there appears to be 2 gastrostyles in one normal gastropore chamber.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A2E7C69B68E5B267F553B1C3124D0A92" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
In well-preserved colonies, dactylopores are slightly raised above surface of coenosteum; dactylotomes 0.10-0.12 mm wide. Number of dactylotomes per cyclosystem variable, depending on size of cyclosystem, but ranges from 2-12, with common modes of 4, 5 and 8 (see Remarks). Dactylostyles robust (Fig. 29A, C, H), the cylindrical elements up to 55
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7170EB62FFABC27766F37990D1753368" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long and 13-17
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5E1DF8D79A24B54714392E1069C24E01" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter, not unlike the gastrostyle elements.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Female ampullae (Fig. 29L) primarily internal, with little superficial relief, even by an efferent pore; internal diameter 0.7-0.9 mm. Male ampullae also internal, the internal diameter being 0.4-0.5 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FFA11B81AEB743DEA22B0DA66AA8635B" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Female ampullae (Fig. 29L) primarily internal, with little superficial relief, even by an efferent pore; internal diameter 0.7-0.9 mm. Male ampullae also internal, the internal diameter being 0.4-0.5 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7831769D41562FFCF49F7912D280F167" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7317F9AD1191E12E2B3F23C970B25CFB" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="07640370318961959AF3200B34AE37CB" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||||
Although the holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Allopora papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D8663885F82885AFB18ADEDB746F27AB" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Allopora papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is a small, worn colony measuring only 9.4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4C05E33C04DAAD0017CF7C246314988B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.6 mm in width and containing only 28 cyclosystems (Fig. 27D), it is not difficult to see the similarity to the two syntypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8055B6542ECD4E53F1B384D5271A5F12" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1938 (Fig. 27F), also worn specimens (13 and 16 mm in width, constituting over 100 cyclosystems), even though they were collected from shallow water on op
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="56" pageNumber="57" start="start">posite</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="2EE71D133E28FEFC2D79649A515B8076" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" start="start">posite</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
sides of the Gulf of Alaska. All of the cyclosystems of the type of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="60DD5DDB8F4CA57284242BCF786C4977" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have only one gastrostyle, whereas all but four of the cyclosystems of the syntypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Stylantheca petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D58779D095F90FB8E8958FB530D9A2DF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Stylantheca petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have one gastrostyle, the other four having two. The more difficult synonymy is with the more southerly species
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="273B9F6239126D613518864B1DF5F27A" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fisher, 1931, described from shallow water in Carmel Bay, California.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ABB7529D8E4C192811A5590FF6FFCBBB" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very similar to the encrusting forms of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="81868D8E1E1447E231991E4867005C3B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, differing only in usually having more than one gastrostyle per cyclosystem, sometimes as many as 8.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF4E05BF24A199CCADDF65F1DC5D3108" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
reported an average of 3.3 gastrostyles per cyclosystem (mode = 3) for the holotype. Another typical population of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7A1403C38540CB1E8092272A9D1731CC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is reported herein from Monterey Bay (USNM 1084662), also having multiple gastrostyles per cyclosystem, but just 50 km to the north (USNM 1084663) are colonies otherwise identical to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="577879D764D300FD670F3B49B4C8EEC7" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that have only one gastrostyle per cyclosystem.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="20E0469CA0826FBFAF7AF377914D9E97" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Palaios" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="96 - 107" title="Phylogenetic implications of the calcium carbonate mineralogy in the Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)." url="doi: 10.2307/3514799" volume="7" year="1992">Fisher (1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 530) was uncertain as to the systematic importance of the number of gastrostyles per cyclosystems, suggesting that this character might have subgeneric or even generic discriminating power. We suggest that it is a matter of intraspecific variation and thus synonymize
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EC9ED0DD95A35781B6BF95E3632668DC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="31FC696DEFD2940F1BFBCF8C968BDAAC" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, resulting in only one valid species in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1D51201A72403D29EE66679FFA35A1DE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Stylantheca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The number of dactylopores per cyclosystem of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="38F5F8B4F139140F5AA1C15F68D9EC24" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
ranges from 6 to16 (n = 34, average = 9.11,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="σ">σ</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D6A62337261444ACDBDFA1E0130B0218" originalValue="σ">σ</normalizedToken>
|
||||
= 2.08, mode = 10) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9036AD22F0D3BB6C9C8DF9B20A5806FC" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), whereas it is lower for the type of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Stylantheca petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B13D69979DE0F6903A7FAD3181A61D77" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Stylantheca petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(n = 30, range =2-7, average = 5.07,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="σ">σ</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E2282E7BA3CAD7CFDB37DC542D8E8AF1" originalValue="σ">σ</normalizedToken>
|
||||
= 0.94, mode = 5) and slightly lower still for the types of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32EA2FCE16076CFDCEFDB3DA9C5F30CF" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(n = 14, range = 3-5, average and mode= 4.0,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="σ">σ</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="809D74E4DE92144AE0361559FF181393" originalValue="σ">σ</normalizedToken>
|
||||
= 0.68). Another typical specimen (AB76-55) having only 1 gastrostyle per cyclosystem has a range of 5-12 dactylopores per cyclosystem (n = 30, average = 7.43,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="σ">σ</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="942659050F14DA8AFB2DB653FDBEE2BF" originalValue="σ">σ</normalizedToken>
|
||||
= 1.61, mode = 8). The higher number of dactylopores per cyclosystem of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A39ACE603419AF4DE5DC5F4C5914A8D5" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is explained by its larger cyclosystems that house multiple gastrostyles, but in general the number of dactylopores per cyclosystem cannot be used as a diagnostic character for this species. Southern populations that have a slightly larger cyclosystems and more than one gastrostyle per cyclosystem can be referred to as the
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“porphyra”">"porphyra"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="24A8582A8FE0BA2BEA2E98B1E366A114" originalValue="“porphyra”">"porphyra"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
form, a conclusion first suggested by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="05F1993455957A66B1E5089C59501935" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 483). The type of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="408A4FF4CE6576089FDDFABD14431884" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca porphyra" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyra">Stylantheca porphyra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is illustrated by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="25A1DFA5FFCBEBA70C0A067B5F34462F" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and as Fig. 27G herein.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F7B1EC4C478332A29F2C4D0D2096DC35" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
Two other eastern Pacific species are similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="90064FA43C19CEC917E90E3542DF69B8" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in color and cyclosystem and gastrostyle shape:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8C41F9F2EB777E3585A786FB3C049362" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Verrill, 1870) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster californicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="californicus">Stylaster californicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="27D2E1E2109CB37B39E72DF8BEBAF69F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster californicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="californicus">Stylaster californicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Verrill, 1866).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylantheca venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A665F07C7596392CF505DA366A5D8CA8" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylantheca venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figs 16A-I, 17
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="43EC27B486040D2DA02A3421C3EB26FC" originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) is known from Monterey Bay, California (USA) to Vancouver Island, BC (Canada) at depths of 10-108 m and, although it may originate with an encrusting base (Fig. 17F, MCZ 5525, holotype), it quickly forms small colonies with delicate branches (Fig. 17G). Sixteen locality records are present at the NMNH, most from off Washington and Oregon (USA), but this species is not treated in this review except to illustrate some of its characters (Table 2). On the other hand, the more southern
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca californicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="californicus">Stylantheca californicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="74441634F6A3FBAD137AA1A38E8F2A63" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca californicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="californicus">Stylantheca californicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, known from off southern California (USA) from approximately 21-45 m (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="61ACF601DB8E3662C0847C195794FA1C" author="Boschma, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 72" title="List of the described species of the order Stylasterina." volume="33" year="1957">Boschma 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), forms large colonies with robust branches; this species is not further discussed in this review except for the table of comparisons (Table 2).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9E14D3927C3D812A7350F7FAF8500C0A" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="586FB19565727B373B8F8D62A70C5AAC" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2959CD0F72C2102FA27E5CE581E2DFFD" lastPageId="57" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||||
Widespread from the Alaska Peninsula (Shumagin Islands) to Monterey Bay, California, although not yet reported from the northern Gulf of Alaska
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="57" pageNumber="58" start="start">.</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="AC40E2C992C194AD256C66EDAFE29874" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" start="start">.</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
Common in the inner passages of Alaska and British Columbia; intertidal to 27 m. Forma porphyra known only from Monterey Bay area.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<caption id="EC79EBD22A5D37098EA688A353EA90E1" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B513E194C748181B1E3CB6F26325C19" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Figure 27. Color figures of skeleton of various Alaskan stylasterids:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster repandus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="repandus">Stylaster repandus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="H–I">H-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="36B289577851A8A2202B9A9A9D54F84C" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C40C3E113A96EAAC5120D40CC9908D74" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster repandus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="repandus">Stylaster repandus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C39F8808ABA70AD15AF758E40F0F122B" originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B2DE0E72E404B1462EEC7E3031671525" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E10ACF275562248807663CEB297529D1" originalValue="H–I">H-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="83CEEB0B57DC804E932BF1C6AD539B61" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Crypthelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Crypthelia trophostega" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="trophostega">Crypthelia trophostega</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="ED480C71E9B2A198489FAEC66FF1FB1F" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
|
||||
lateral and apical views of holotype, USNM 1122740 C small paratype colony, USNM 1122741 D holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Allopora papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6E981BA55F79987BC751BEC26F82375F" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Allopora papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 6852 E encrusting colony, AB02-0005 F syntype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A480AC01B60F7C024F0DCC81A2C91F21" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 43272 G holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster porphyrea" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyrea">Stylaster porphyrea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="951155E2926E59ADE26329C165632D25" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster porphyrea" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="porphyrea">Stylaster porphyrea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 43018 H holotype, USNM 42876 I arborescent colony, USNM 1122435.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<caption id="2EDB4A327809B44F6E450A2F3D6F58D0" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0120C63484200386A0997E85DC177EC7" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Figure 28.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster repandus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="repandus">Stylaster repandus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6373A1D3AC2A4ACFC4B3B44044721608" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster repandus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="repandus">Stylaster repandus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–K">A-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="955B2F3CE9B942525194EE2EC640B637" originalValue="A–K">A-K</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, M holotype (male), USNM 1122740, L female paratype, USNM 1122739:
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0EEFEE1EBB198D35B287DEB4BDA985B5" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
cyclosystems and coenosteal papillae D gastrostyle and robust dactylostyle E stereo view of a cyclosystem
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4846728E3C182CDE735797EFAC7D06D2" originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
coenosteal texture H stereo view of a gastrostyle and adjacent dactylostyle I stereo view of plate cross section showing some gastrostyles and male ampulla J a robust dactylostyle K elements of a dactylostyle L cross section of a female ampulla M cross section of a male ampulla.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<caption id="085143FAA273E3F3F544C9E5AB1CAEE1" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9FA5AA0B55E2F9C4E8BF84DDA37858BB" pageId="57" pageNumber="58">
|
||||
Figure 29.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6E4B6F6142027034DD3075E76FB24BB4" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylantheca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylantheca papillosa" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="papillosa">Stylantheca papillosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–G">A-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8B16D8117557BFA19DFD8D9F556F630D" originalValue="A–G">A-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, K topotypic specimen, USNM 43276,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="97257806685C8288EE5A6E97844501F1" originalValue="H–J">H-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
syntype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FF7E01EB043736B56887591D886B7311" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora petrograpta" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="57" pageNumber="58" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="petrograpta">Allopora petrograpta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 43272, L female colony, AB76-55: A stereo view of a cyclosystem B, D, F coenosteal papillae (nematopores) C robust dactylostyle E supernumerary dactylopore G three cyclosystems and many papillae H stereo view of longitudinal section through cyclosystem I gastrostyle J gastrostyle spines K stereo view of squat gastrostyle and ring palisade L stereo view of longitudinal section of two cyclosystems and a female ampulla.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,261 +1,261 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032747" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC892B1476B6F7C89F2CB5826CE265DE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EC892B1476B6F7C89F2CB5826CE265DE" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_verrillii" authority="Dall, 1884" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1884" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii (Dall, 1884)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<treatment id="EC892B1476B6F7C89F2CB5826CE265DE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032747" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EC892B1476B6F7C89F2CB5826CE265DE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EC892B1476B6F7C89F2CB5826CE265DE" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" scope_class="Hydrozoa" scope_family="Stylasteridae" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subOrder="Filifera">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D5FD6F7E7F54CE390392C33779F02700" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="C33BEE3D53782C7D5A8B14536586E2BD" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1052CC9CFD8B46FE28F40C9504345B46" ID-CoL="53948" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Stylaster_verrillii" authority="Dall, 1884" authorityName="Dall" authorityYear="1884" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii (Dall, 1884)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 11B, F, H15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–M">A-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3979784049462EC21A6819D58744BC1D" originalValue="A–M">A-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Allopora verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="495C60B4D1F5EE82BACAFABF3CED9518" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D47F2DF9703D92415CFC37D1DD8A95F0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="359985B367FDAF0AD1D4B3AA63A48B5C" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Allopora verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Dall, 1884: 111-113.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="391 - 399" title="Californian hydrocorals." url="doi: 10.1080/00222933108673409" volume="8" year="1931">Fisher 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="72C9A243DFC01AE5B444C82AF61D48A3" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="391 - 399" title="Californian hydrocorals." url="doi: 10.1080/00222933108673409" volume="8" year="1931">Fisher 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 391-392.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyi">Allopora moseleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7C06395250A7E422073D9A7F35E8287C" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A5485D883411869BAA342FC5F1B979D8" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyi">Allopora moseleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Dall, 1884: 113.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="391 - 399" title="Californian hydrocorals." url="doi: 10.1080/00222933108673409" volume="8" year="1931">Fisher 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="46AA7952C288374F3E1F293E5D63F989" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="391 - 399" title="Californian hydrocorals." url="doi: 10.1080/00222933108673409" volume="8" year="1931">Fisher 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 391-392.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora verrilli" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrilli">Allopora verrilli</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E785CFC378D9834A7FE2351721EB35B0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="997130835863BEE45D3980C2DB56F80D" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora verrilli" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrilli">Allopora verrilli</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="684ACBD9179702544905B9EBD91E1414" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 521-522, pl. 54, fig. 3, pl. 57, pl. 76, figs 5-6.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="041A53C1B7B3B09594216AF7366835E4" author="Naumov, DV" journalOrPublisher="Keys to the fauna of the USSR published by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 660" title="Hydroids and Hydromedusae of the USSR." volume="70" year="1960">Naumov 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 567, text-fig. 411.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster (Allopora) norvegicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="norvegicus" subGenus="Allopora">Stylaster (Allopora) norvegicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0A05D71A34A7C5A7CF9BC01C9EE58F09" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="911E03EA443869157D6B0211556B7E16" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster (Allopora) norvegicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="norvegicus" subGenus="Allopora">Stylaster (Allopora) norvegicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
forma pacifica
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 103" title="Untersuchungen an Stylasteriden (Hydrokorallen). Teil 1. Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. 1." volume="8" year="1936">Broch 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E037BDB4594D81E09498534B51458E11" author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 103" title="Untersuchungen an Stylasteriden (Hydrokorallen). Teil 1. Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akademi i Oslo. 1." volume="8" year="1936">Broch 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 52, text fig. 15c-d (in part: record from Snake Island, Strait of Georgia, British Columbia).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster (Allopora) verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii" subGenus="Allopora">Stylaster (Allopora) verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="719E34DF607D48B09DD37CCE872B6AB3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A9D9EC35EABF15606D8AD79BB300A680" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster (Allopora) verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii" subGenus="Allopora">Stylaster (Allopora) verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 113" title="Investigations of Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals). Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akaddemi I Oslo. 1." volume="3" year="1942">Broch 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E6495977BB64E4E1C0679FA737336FAB" author="Broch, H" journalOrPublisher="Matematisk-Naturvidenskapelig Klasse" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 113" title="Investigations of Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals). Skrifter utgitt av Norske Videnskaps-Akaddemi I Oslo. 1." volume="3" year="1942">Broch 1942</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 6.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora norvegicus subsp. pacifica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="norvegicus" subSpecies="pacifica">Allopora norvegicus pacifica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C8CC0DFFEE2F54673F4A3D6EE6DF90D7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E549947D2AB20EF3AFB15312CF9B5AA7" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora norvegicus subsp. pacifica" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="subSpecies" species="norvegicus" subSpecies="pacifica">Allopora norvegicus pacifica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="363C70C299D5EA2E559E9A1A57FB5321" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Lowenstam 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 382 (mineralogy).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FD2AEEA792962F95CBE2DEB647CFC7E7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F411ACFC32F9CF01D7EAA5A68F08A047" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F4C711955A327777FDFA49A8E05C0C18" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="427 - 508" title="A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera." volume="33" year="1983 b">Cairns 1983b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 429.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7B54136AB8FDD359DAD89D84749CEC71" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A83307C5ED2A64E187F45FA58BB81330" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 11, 28, fig. 31.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A79A5F8ADD66BFF78EFD0C49807FB65A" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 134, 137.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A2A28191CA291E5231EFDB49840DB448" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 108 listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9F712F12C8E88AFB0C8DF66A55F085AF" author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 522, fig. 2B.-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F5531F289E6D22155459354E8E01FA75" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, supplemental Table S1 (phylogeny and DNA sequences).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster norvegicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="norvegicus">Stylaster?norvegicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="39C6BE682D6E22033BFAEBF24CEF1E64" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CB7C3F87EE52CADD3F1798C26881E2A3" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster norvegicus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="norvegicus">Stylaster?norvegicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Allopora verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="60506A1E2528493F5BA67F41688A6912" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B32D475CADA29617DB07C44E98F0E6F" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="EEFE756E5E8D0F91A289A0C23A269051" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D354BB7B1439B2F3787960394805EBFE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Allopora verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: 5 badly worn, dry, female syntypes, the largest 44 mm in diameter (USNM 4193, Fig. 11H). All branches are eroded from the colony, thus resembling an encrusting colony. Collected together with four dry topotypic specimens (USNM 8850).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chika Island, Akutan Pass, near Unalaska, Aleutian Islands, on beach.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyi">Allopora moseleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="905A95B0156F57A17FDE5FA531C7D30D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph id="66751BDFC95C451AF2BC320C1263D2DD" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="16F8C2D558FBF5FEF7C98F9DDB5C8BE6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Chika Island, Akutan Pass, near Unalaska, Aleutian Islands, on beach.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="92C5499EE478FE2EE5E3D465529A95D6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3E0CCE51ECCE4309D04D3968908ED88" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Allopora moseleyi" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="moseleyi">Allopora moseleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: Holotype, 1 small (18 mm) dry colony, USNM 6851 (Fig. 11F).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kiska Harbor, Kiska Island, Aleutian Islands, on beach.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="86FCAD66448E6AF239A34C635ED409CC" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph id="69F53672A2EF08D9A7898D70EA6EF403" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8443318E23F9892BD92313D6D73C0193" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kiska Harbor, Kiska Island, Aleutian Islands, on beach.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9E61D41994F014CAA83B32BA10F80B28" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9D21B4149BF71F3EA52C107950CE3ECE" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A600B0F791E1F520598E866A6123E9E0" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Types of the two species; Alb-4777,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A970E930580AC1C850757D972E972B07" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.183334">52°11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.81667">179°49'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6C8830283413310A385066B01ADF6C75" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.81667">179°49'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 95 m, 5 June 1906, 1 female, 1 male, 1 indet., and SEM stub 1501, USNM 53394 and 76524 (mentioned by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6FC6B8256B685A5E0D37379BF0C82289" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); unnumbered Albatross station, Sucia Islands, near San Juan Island, Washington, 16 Sep 1890, 2 female, 11 male colonies, and SEM stub 1513, USNM 76526-28 (mentioned by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A6FCBD4685521837CA05AA351F179241" author="Fisher, WK" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="493 - 554" title="Hydrocorals of the North Pacific Ocean." url="doi: 10.5479/si.00963801.84-3024.493" volume="84" year="1938">Fisher 1938</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); Delta 5622,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.96015">51°57'36.54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E6507B37D115C1C99591E6FC734533B6" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.96015">51°57'36.54"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-176.83287">176°49'58.32"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="5681B0B9962504CF4D5DC2A821475AAC" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-176.83287">176°49'58.32"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 140 m, 24 Jul 2002, 1 male, and SEM stub 1503, USNM 1123299; Delta 5625,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.961666">51°57'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="82DC22006C16FDE29F06BEE56DA9235B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.961666">51°57'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.8336">176°50'01"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9D53B90B973265008493827F601C30B2" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-176.8336">176°50'01"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 155 m, 25 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 1027819; Patricia Lee,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.890667">51°53.44'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="502F3F50A217FDFE83BF1E19A2A28C2D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.890667">51°53.44'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.795">179°47.7'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="55202A9C0EDA436CF46148F13DA0954C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.795">179°47.7'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 298 m, 1 indet., AB00-41b; Sea Storm 122,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3C4B9CFFC350E1D601559F39C1A8F7DB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.42168">179°25'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="484584D96593C058E8D26F0FB3F4060B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.42168">179°25'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 143 m, 13 Jul 2002, 2 female colonies in alcohol, USNM 1123058 (attached to Distichopora borealis,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="32" pageNumber="33" start="start">USNM</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="5DE78D50A85660AA6EB43A6F038F1EF7" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" start="start">USNM</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
1123061); Sea Storm 123,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.18139">52°10'53"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="840509ED1DB493844133E0F652971367" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.18139">52°10'53"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.61722">179°37'02"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="77C8B49671AD379C473B88F90561AD99" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.61722">179°37'02"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 124 m, 13 Jul 2002, 3 female, 2 male, 1 indet., USNM 1123053, 1123056; Sea Storm 129,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.873333">51°52'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="21ECFC0130774F217AC3AD4C1078D000" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.873333">51°52'24"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.73528">179°44'07"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="18BE2889A163E2B80EE5CF965DA46F1F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.73528">179°44'07"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 84-93 m, 14 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1123051; Sea Storm 155,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.64528">52°38'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FA38B71F6C9CFF5EF29645BD714CF8DC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.64528">52°38'43"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-172.4575">172°27'27"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="8EB9AAC5F1E28FF476B6EF51E033A696" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-172.4575">172°27'27"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 393 m, 22 Jul 2002, 1 female, USNM 1122763; Vesteraalen 941-40,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.883335">52°53'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="43AE7925027AEF1ED6915489DAD5BE0F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.883335">52°53'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-169.98334">169°59'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E32D7F323350EE7627DBBBD0A38D1E26" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-169.98334">169°59'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-62 m, 11 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96260; Vesteraalen 941-151,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.176666">52°10'36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AD8C2AE43C4C5011771402EB0460B46A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.176666">52°10'36"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.72833">179°43.7'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="39DE470719DDEF5D157148B01982B87E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.72833">179°43.7'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 87-92 m, 10 Jul 1994, 1 male, and SEM stub 1502, USNM 1123537; south of Semisopochnoi Islands, 366 m, 1 indet., USNM 88368; Ralston Island, near Juneau, depth unknown, 1 indet., AB04-21; Stubbs Island, BC, depth unknown, 2 indet., AB02-02; Wooden Island, AK, depth unknown, 2002, 1 dry, AB02-150b; Middle Cross Sound, AK, 15-21 m, 27 Jul 1978, 1 indet., AB78-120a; North Pass, Lincoln Island, AK, depth unknown, 2 indet. in alcohol, AB05-37.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CCF861623CB74CA20CC215C91D909D2D" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5BE0D0360D420DB6D9B61D24B259EAEE" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BA6F523C888478F0ABDA72170E5B5F66" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
Colonies arborescent, dichotomously branching to form a three dimensional bush; branch tips blunt to slightly clavate, 3.0-4.5 mm in diameter. Largest colony (USNM 1027819, Fig. 11B) 3.5 cm tall, 7.0 cm wide, and attached by a basal branch 11 mm in diameter. Colonies usually attached to stones or bivalve shells. Coenosteum reticulate-granular in texture, coenosteal strips 52-55
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AC85F68285D36330604ABFB761B3B19F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide, separated by thin slits 10-13
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D923CE9CCE31A751A9268DE0BDA4F253" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wide. Strips covered with small (8-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2C7B646ED47A9CBDBC85E80439A6A1A9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter) spines, occurring 4-5 across width of a strip, conferring a fine, granular or "sugary" texture. Coenosteal papillae common. Most colonies infested with spionid worms and their characteristic binary tubes (Fig. 15A, K). Coenosteum light orange.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F00B58392D773DBCD2ADF54AA666750E" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
Cyclosystems occur on all sides of branches, circular, and 1.0-1.2 mm in diameter. Gastropore circular and small (0.25-0.30 mm in diameter). Gastropore tubes funnel-shaped near surface but cylindrical adjacent to gastrostyle, straight, and often quite long in thick branches. Ring palisade robust near gastrostyle tip, composed of squat, clavate elements about 40
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E630E5C3E404A6A8B6B064DFBD2135A2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. Gastrostyles lanceolate to elongate (up to 1.5 mm, Fig. 15H), with a pointed tip; gastrostyles covered with anastomosing, longitudinal, spiny ridges, the spines quite long (up to 65
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="23240B8DC9D4EEDD1CC415414402F484" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in length) and sharp.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<paragraph id="112EA8CB31488E9EE92A72B4931CE6EC" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
Cyclosystems flush to only slightly raised above coenosteum. Dactylotomes 0.07-0.10 mm in width, sometimes becoming obsolete within a system by infilling of the axial slit, resulting in just an apical pore. Dactylostyles robust (Fig. 15F, M), composed of tall slender cylindrical elements up to 60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FDCFBEF5EB609D1B3D4EA29F7107ED82" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in height and 10-15
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="40839A7A6062F35ED451B80721CFC280" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter. Range of dactylopores per cyclosystem 5-10 (n = 50, average = 7.10 (σ=1.16), and mode = 7). Pseudosepta triangular; diastemas rare.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Female ampullae primarily internal (Fig. 15K), with only a slight superficial swelling; internal diameter of ampullae 0.7-0.8 mm. Efferent pores of female ampullae never observed. Male ampullae (Fig. 15H, L) also primarily internal, visible on surface only as small dimples about 0.4 mm in diameter; internal cavity diameter 0.3-0.5 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C3CECCC01F076ED5E007785CFA206540" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Female ampullae primarily internal (Fig. 15K), with only a slight superficial swelling; internal diameter of ampullae 0.7-0.8 mm. Efferent pores of female ampullae never observed. Male ampullae (Fig. 15H, L) also primarily internal, visible on surface only as small dimples about 0.4 mm in diameter; internal cavity diameter 0.3-0.5 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F0BC7375FF8BE54C5F6E93A151ED05FF" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C6F3FC537E8411E3452AC22595690E25" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="75E0925EC1CB620744432342BC2AF0D7" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="439886D5E7DC61A2EB1437160C6BA160" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E409D7E76289E55C94D138211BBA94FB" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figs 16
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3518BAC792A08A0D8C61DD182F36EDBE" originalValue="A–I">A-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 17
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="385CFAFFCF3B1ECE283AF7B0B2CA97FE" originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), but differs in having orange, bushy coralla (not pink to purple planar colonies, Fig. 17G);
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">larger</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="36191080A2E28B380B835C7B935B1175" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">larger</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
cyclosystems (1.0-1.2 mm vs 0.7-0.9 mm in diameter); larger diameter and blunt distal branches; triangular (not rectangular, Fig. 16B) pseudosepta; and straight-sided gastropore tubes (not hemispherical, Fig. 16B)(also see Table 2). Both species are confined to relatively shallow water and have overlapping distributions off British Columbia and Washington. According to the
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN," journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, IV edition." year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CBBBEE23CB4DCE77DF760B9D0D57A5A1" author="ICZN," journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, IV edition." year="1999">ICZN (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
article 31.1.3, the original spelling verrillii should be preserved in preference to verrilli.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Known from Kiska Harbor, Aleutian Islands to Sucia Islands, Washington; 21-393 m, although most records between 60-155 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">Figure</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E1F979DF5CD62BDBB91E55B99F4BE8A1" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ADF3815314B313392A6D39ADE7DBDD03" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="23CD9CC86EF4A361C4A18684B3EE94B2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Known from Kiska Harbor, Aleutian Islands to Sucia Islands, Washington; 21-393 m, although most records between 60-155 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="9C972F5F83756D56777E65949088F2BA" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<paragraph id="00260E5531F8BBDF7F07DA1FDE67A7E2" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="57DEBC53D2771C6B64A1C39E3C50C719" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">Figure</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
15.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EF7965E0DEAD2644D8B12F8F5D0E8EB4" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster verrillii" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="verrillii">Stylaster verrillii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, A, F,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="L–M">L-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="303160EFA45B7412D73EE9509DD7FAC2" originalValue="L–M">L-M</normalizedToken>
|
||||
male from USNM 76524, B,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="323700847DF8CB6C44DA531F1E4959F8" originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
male from USNM 1123517,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C3C9071F5855B747ED01F3D418FCC035" originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
USNM 1123299, K female from USNM 76528: A stereo view of blunt branch tip showing cyclosystems and spionid tubes
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="217E32EA0087A498E30900AD3710E1EA" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
cyclosystems
|
||||
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|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8C49E6A9C3FDE66AF4869931069892CD" originalValue="D–E">D-E</normalizedToken>
|
||||
coenosteal texture F, M dactylostyle
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="33D3C57CE51DB9EDE7774B5BE6B18EEE" originalValue="G–J">G-J</normalizedToken>
|
||||
lateral view of gastrostyles (H a stereo view) K stereo view of axial spionid tubes and cross section of female ampullae L male ampulla.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<caption id="68B80BD549CEBD1D69AC07DB9E264387" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<paragraph id="670E88FA7B744BEF5D956AD9F43F3ACA" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
Figure 16.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B83C5FA222C8B52E32FC39D502406FD8" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stylaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stylaster venustus" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="venustus">Stylaster venustus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, A,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="E–I">E-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A9CB02B5B41CABDAEBF33A596A50FBA9" originalValue="E–I">E-I</normalizedToken>
|
||||
USNM 76545,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="032292C2C0FD5C2A0642B4E446C43D60" originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
holotype, MCZ 5525: A blunt branch tip
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0C44AA29DBD1DD1F766B482222E6FF18" originalValue="B–D">B-D</normalizedToken>
|
||||
cyclosystems (C a stereo view) E coenosteal texture F stereo view of a gastrostyle and ring palisade G two dactylostyles H cross section of two internal male ampullae I stereo view of branch cross section showing many internal male ampullae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,226 +1,226 @@
|
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cyclohelia_lamellata" authority="Cairns, 1991" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1991" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata Cairns, 1991</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="7A47A34FE0536DC49514556F76345804" ID-CoL="6BTPQ" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Cyclohelia_lamellata" authority="Cairns, 1991" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1991" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata Cairns, 1991</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figs 1
|
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="A59FA676E987BD91CE5D94AA5CFCA634" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Cairns, 1991: 384-386, figs 1a-g, 2a-g.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="E7710D8EABF96FA61541E4A3EBF2DF90" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Hydrobiologia" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="19 - 28" title="Coral in Alaska: distribution, abundance, and species associations." url="doi: 10.1023/A:1016528631593" volume="471" year="2002">Heifetz 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 22 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="71538F8BCD4B1E4EF6EE900334E58097" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Wing and Barnard 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 10, 27, fig. 25, not Appendix fig. 1 (=
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="26130125899EF54A83BC6208212F96FD" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errinopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Errinopora undulata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undulata">Errinopora undulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="51793CD95F4F7A2931ED36FAE90F5205" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Stone and Shotwell 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 107 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F2BF6BD6C5BDEF795FFBB17365E6EEB4" author="Brooke, S" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Marine Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="519 - 532" title="Reproduction of deep-water hydrocorals (family Stylasteridae) from the Aleutian Islands, Alaska." volume="81" year="2007">Brooke and Stone 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 529-530, figs 2K, 3E.-Jameison et al. 2007: 224 (listed).-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D7FF8AE85031214952641A44A32263E5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Lindner et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 3, and supplemental Table S1: 3 (phylogeny and DNA sequences).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellate" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellate">Cyclohelia lamellate</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AF93588CB20F980071E337E5C2DA6B21" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7470190559286E86CF202A7F8B2AC35B" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellate" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellate">Cyclohelia lamellate</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.-
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DA68DD94934C48C630D499883136CA75" author="Heifetz, J" journalOrPublisher="Fisheries Oceanography" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="131 - 138" title="Corals of the Aleutian Islands." url="doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2419.2005.00371.x" volume="14" year="2005">Heifetz et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 133, 137 (listed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">The holotype, a dry female colony (USNM 85077, Fig. 1D). Type locality. Off Pribilof Islands, 550 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9F6A3BB9740D277D315EBFEF36E5CAA0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E6B5A193EFB4166430D123E670569887" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="02FDB448E06AF1AB2073073486045F5C" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">The holotype, a dry female colony (USNM 85077, Fig. 1D). Type locality. Off Pribilof Islands, 550 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="54816587EA9ABFC56CAEDD258899B7AA" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="201CAD24757F5C8B8A7A53076B7F6603" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="844513B92CEF72B7ED35B8407B205E84" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Alaskan Leader 35,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.03">53°01'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="212C15A503A5B74F2F2E1CA0C97DC583" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="53.03">53°01'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-170.10333">170°06'12"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DF392940BB0A6E7D3149A7C9DE152A22" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-170.10333">170°06'12"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 172-178 m, 4 Jun 2002, 1 female, 1 male, USNM 1122491; Alaskan Leader, 54-14,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.74">51°44.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FF6B4CF262A9124977E597AB24DE14D4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="51.74">51°44.4'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-178.27834">178°16.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3881BBE72E143E673F5799D906AD3EBD" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="-178.27834">178°16.7'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 567-680 m, 11 Jun 2002, 1 female, AB02-0029; Alaska Beauty,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.70717">51°42.43'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="48E29A67007D9115BE1EE6C9A196E432" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.70717">51°42.43'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.93417">176°56.05'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="09037687FE1E76DB00A5DC681F4F1EF9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.93417">176°56.05'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 351 m, 3 Feb 2000, 1 female, AB00-15; Delta 5999-8E-5,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="52.3507">52°21.042'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="21BE8FE58CDC9A937375AE47AD4C9B66" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="52.3507">52°21.042'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-179.50806">179°30.483'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4BA0D381F917B6D1A0DDB85EEB870548" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-179.50806">179°30.483'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 115 m, 4 Jul 2003, 3 fragments, AB10-0001; Delta 6000-10D-2,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.847576">51°50.8545'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3C2EB8A833B0C598E70D4159E701C9A4" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.847576">51°50.8545'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.82748">179°49.6488'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A6136BF05E42CB642BA7B986F4FA0A52" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.82748">179°49.6488'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 150 m, 5 Jul 2003, 1 indet., AB; Delta 6001-10C-1,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.87327">51°52.396'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F153F5481A96BA8CD1BEC34F03D5E05E" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.87327">51°52.396'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.76985">179°46.191'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="905D4622D23F2BF07753924836B74A4B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="179.76985">179°46.191'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 230 m, 5 Jul 2003, 1 female, AB; Delta 6213-12B-1, 2 and 4, 6 males, AB; Delta,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84861">51°50'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="17275CAC6B71EA033F3B6DD5E0D46320" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.84861">51°50'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.80972">179°48'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="792BE91A20118B26AC826461357ABF4F" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.80972">179°48'35"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 125 m, 17 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol (digitate form), USNM 1122494; North Pacific,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.071335">52°04.28'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1368220C6BEB9857543D7C2941C10C6D" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.071335">52°04.28'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.08917">176°05.35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6746B502472DFD2FEAD0EE9E04FC50BD" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="176.08917">176°05.35'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 366 m, 1 indet., AB00-28; Ocean Olympic,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.198166">52°11.89'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="AB81FFE52205BE4271AD3B57BCDB6794" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="52.198166">52°11.89'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="176.28833">176°17.3'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="97F600A7568232BF8A7F1F99BA3A978D" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="176.28833">176°17.3'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 366 m, 20 Oct 2000, 1 female (digitate form), USNM 1122513; Pacific Knight 941-121,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.633335">51°38'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1175A7F4059E3E7834D0BF7253AE5F8F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.633335">51°38'00"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.31667">178°19'00"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9A747BF6948349307B1F8D6DCABFD7AE" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.31667">178°19'00"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-373 m, 5 Jul 1994, 1 female and 1 male, USNM 96235 and 1122900; Pacific Knight 941-179,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.0">52°00'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="ADC9B8313EFFF042D46CBDCF38D842D9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.0">52°00'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="176.73334">176°44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="684C5772742FAF9E3F395275D8EEAE5F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="176.73334">176°44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-90 m, 23 Jul 1994, 1 female (intermediate form), USNM 96236; Patricia Lee,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.311665">51°18'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="266FB4CBF261FF175AF90C3D42D4BC4A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.311665">51°18'42"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.50111">179°30'04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="FACCB0B1D720A10204FBCF056D4DF588" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.50111">179°30'04"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 329 m, 20 Oct 2000, 1 male, USNM 1122488; Patricia Lee
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.890667">51°53.44'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="22AB871E187F1F333DC445418BC640F0" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.890667">51°53.44'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.795">179°47.7'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DD6EC3D51C90B3465BDED0211CCF5C13" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="179.795">179°47.7'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 298 m, 3 male, SEM stub 1488, AB00-41; Sea Storm 107,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.174446">52°10'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="4C0401AF6416173AD11D114FBE4172EA" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.174446">52°10'28"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.23723">175°14'14"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="3D3F62047D65FB6707549B3C9C1C334C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.23723">175°14'14"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 214 m, 8 Jul 2002, 1 female in alcohol, USNM 1123297; Sea Storm 108, 52°11'32'N,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="175.28334">175°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F54B2CE6353B46886E6F5EEE3FDFF131" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="175.28334">175°17'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 208 m, 8 Jul 2002, 10 female, 6 male, 8 indet. (digitate form) in alcohol and dry, USNM 1122951, -54, -55, -57, -58, -59, 61, 1123290, 91; Sea Storm 111,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.27222">52°16'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="87DF0245950D920A79C58466E41A4CC8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.27222">52°16'20"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.98695">175°59'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1807171CF86FE812288E88AF6A0AE7D6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="175.98695">175°59'13"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 137 m, 9 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1122949; Sea Storm 112,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.253334">52°15'12"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="56E6A4EC49E87A69BE395B0E27F1F9E7" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.253334">52°15'12"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.17834">176°10'42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="75BBA9BB37269CC827037F926426B1B9" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.17834">176°10'42"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 137 m, 9 Jul 2002, 1 indet., USNM 1122946; Sea Storm 116,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.069443">52°04'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="78E75405E9476C1104DC39734ADBD784" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.069443">52°04'10"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.24028">177°14'25"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="9FEB8EC4AD5C02E7FBBF43FE269AD31C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="177.24028">177°14'25"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 87-94 m, 11 Jul 2002, 1 male in alcohol (digitate form), USNM 1122942; Sea Storm 122,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="075CDA8802223892027EE71DF078B2D9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.046944">52°02'49"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.42168">179°25'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E9C3E0A4BFE8273BBCFF74698CF51063" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.42168">179°25'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 143 m, 13 Jul 2002, 8 female, 4 male, 5 indet., USNM 1122899, 1122948, 1123294-96, -98; Sea Storm 123,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.18139">52°10'53"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="247B6D714FB3F67A24F079DD4A98F049" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.18139">52°10'53"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.61722">179°37'02"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E57DBEA5268AA73C05F137107738F96B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.61722">179°37'02"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 124 m, 13 Jul 2002, 2 male, USNM 1122952; Sea Storm 125,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.21472">52°12'53"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="A72152BAFA02DDF2122A220C2101A13F" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.21472">52°12'53"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.94695">179°56'49"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="DED1A67062F5E826946088B4582229E3" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-179.94695">179°56'49"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 89-96 m, 13 Jul 2002, 1 male, USNM 112305; Vesteraalen 3,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.636948">52°38'13"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="03B88D58E36F7A5304769BC0863C8F08" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="52.636948">52°38'13"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-169.78723">169°47'14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D25A128284D5E31703617050B078BEAB" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-169.78723">169°47'14"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 75-83 m, 22 May 2001, 1 male in alcohol, USNM 1076490; Vesteraalen 941-36,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.933334">52°56'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="F2270E318338B0C08399C50AB95CBAA9" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.933334">52°56'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-169.51666">169°31'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="6201DDABBAE0062322F597D8F74D8026" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-169.51666">169°31'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-227 m, 10 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96237; Vesteraalen 941-46,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.066666">53°04'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="50B6EA19CD091BC7FB00D92EB4C9D1BE" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="53.066666">53°04'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.15">170°09'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="466AEB8030D9AA716CBEC9EF6F52419C" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-170.15">170°09'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-174 m, 12 Jun 1994, 1 female, USNM 96238; Vesteraalen 941-153,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.166668">52°10'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="C3FC14C9A5813BF2ACE9D0DCEA0D1851" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="52.166668">52°10'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.71666">179°43'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="BD5995DEBA9D9F58159FD4A1691AF58F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="179.71666">179°43'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 0-94 m, 11 Jul 1994, 1 male, USNM 96239; "Vessel" 35,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.763332">51°45'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="93C720DD63BFFD678289676DAA9947B2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.763332">51°45'48"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.16306">178°09'47"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="75215F5DCC304A733C6D51227268F718" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-178.16306">178°09'47"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 200-400m, 4 Jun 2000, 2 female and 1 male, USNM 1122493; Renfro, coll.,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.943058">51°56'35"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="450784CADFEA127F393C451ABD93E257" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.943058">51°56'35"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.29945">179°17'58"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="75096ACF3EC0DCC0B594D080F277083E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="179.29945">179°17'58"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 236 m, 1 female, USNM 1122456; coll. Slear,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.99778">51°59'52"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="70B9E4DC8EBCA3636CACCE39A29C7CB1" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="51.99778">51°59'52"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.78473">176°47'05"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="82BD37B762B41CB7F3C4ED65B3438553" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="176.78473">176°47'05"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 241 m, 13 Nov 2000, 1 male (digitate form), USNM 1122457; Petrel Bank, 1 male, 1 indet., USNM 1123540;
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.8685">51°52.11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="57CEE22C2A0ED2A0FDF9177401A17B08" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="51.8685">51°52.11'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-179.82516">179°49.51'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="84AF23C3DEB845658D9AC2CBD7D74D4B" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-179.82516">179°49.51'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 27 m, 17 Jul 2002, 1 female (digitate form), USNM 1122492.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D23F799E06D75702A9110232AA0C012F" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E6C4E08BB9D877F59E175BE8D86B778C" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="ACB47FBC7D86F965EED486BCB5BD49E3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
This species is not redescribed herein as it was adequately described originally (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="383 - 388" title="Cyclohelia lamellata, new genus and species of Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bering Sea." volume="45" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DFB76D5EB06564A09A64A6489C2F7F58" author="Cairns, SD" journalOrPublisher="Pacific Science" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="383 - 388" title="Cyclohelia lamellata, new genus and species of Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the Bering Sea." volume="45" year="1991">Cairns 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and, being the only species in the genus, conforms to the genus
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="7157007289C3D4D4BF054BDCEAD7D26E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
above. But, the species was previously known from only two specimens, the type and a specimen sequenced by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lindner et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="24622F34CB9EC40525D3EDC9138AFB85" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lindner et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and thus more can be added to its description, including details of the male ampullae, based on the 81 additional specimens reported herein.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colonies are usually firmly attached to a hard substrate by a robust cylindrical base and stem (Fig. 1H) up to 2.5 cm in diameter, which, at the height of about 2 cm, bifurcates into two lamellae or sheets, each sheet increasing its surface area by folding and undulating its surfaces into a complex three dimensional structure. Large colonies may attain a height of about 8 cm and a width of 10 cm, colonies wider than tall being the norm. However, a subset of colonies from seven stations (see Material Examined), termed the "digitate form", differ from the typical colony morphology in having dissected plates, resulting in numerous flattened lobes and clavate branches (Fig. 1E). Furthermore, one colony (Fig. 1F) is intermediate between these two extremes, suggesting that these shapes are simply variations of the same species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FA379293F1B53A516AEF124B1872D42D" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Colonies are usually firmly attached to a hard substrate by a robust cylindrical base and stem (Fig. 1H) up to 2.5 cm in diameter, which, at the height of about 2 cm, bifurcates into two lamellae or sheets, each sheet increasing its surface area by folding and undulating its surfaces into a complex three dimensional structure. Large colonies may attain a height of about 8 cm and a width of 10 cm, colonies wider than tall being the norm. However, a subset of colonies from seven stations (see Material Examined), termed the "digitate form", differ from the typical colony morphology in having dissected plates, resulting in numerous flattened lobes and clavate branches (Fig. 1E). Furthermore, one colony (Fig. 1F) is intermediate between these two extremes, suggesting that these shapes are simply variations of the same species.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D7107BC192D89C8BC7243AFDCE4E3047" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Male ampullae (Fig. 3A) entirely internal, and elliptical in shape, the greater axis of the ellipse perpendicular to the branch surface, unlike that of the female ampullae. Male ampullae are up to 0.6 mm in greater diameter and 0.45 mm in lesser diameter, occurring in great concentrations and invariably present on almost any broken surface. Each ampulla communicates to the surface by a circular efferent duct, the duct about 0.07-0.09 mm in diameter, which is surrounded by small inward projecting granules, giving the pore a star-shaped appearance (Fig. 3
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DAFD34D75416405EED1E2DA8CDD56E00" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Of the 81 specimens examined, 34 are female, 29 male, and 18 indeterminate in gender.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">In addition to the type locality off the Pribilof Islands, this species is common throughout the Aleutian Islands from the Rat Islands to the Islands of Four Mountains at 27-567 m, although it was more commonly collected from the western part of this range at depths of 100-300 m. The digitate form is known only from the western Aleutian Islands from 27-366 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0236C8D1E9609730BFF5DDE5786B8A01" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="67356571B7E6E29E4326F9189354DDA3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BCF6A4B1FF2ADDB8F2B90DE6E32E522C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">In addition to the type locality off the Pribilof Islands, this species is common throughout the Aleutian Islands from the Rat Islands to the Islands of Four Mountains at 27-567 m, although it was more commonly collected from the western part of this range at depths of 100-300 m. The digitate form is known only from the western Aleutian Islands from 27-366 m.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="F7D9E0E43A273BC6A65B90A91ACE8BCB" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ABBE0E8D156942B967481A1DB082C526" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Figure 3.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="43002F69D68C56C06BA4E752B58A0C77" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Cyclohelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclohelia lamellata" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lamellata">Cyclohelia lamellata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, USNM 1122488: A stereo view of male ampullae in cross section
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="60AF95A8DE29CC115C62828E94D1725B" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
male efferent pores.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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Reference in a new issue