199 lines
28 KiB
XML
199 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="D336D24BE82E2AB1BA710825E9E2009D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3841.2.6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4928388" ID-ZooBank="750B7776-4BFD-4EF2-AE1A-2671658A0985" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1623433716760" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Haszprunar, Gerhard & Spies, Martin" docDate="2014" docId="03EB878010250D08FF46F8DCBE23FB5A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03841p284.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3841 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acanthaster solaris" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="274" masterDocId="FFD2FFF810270D0BFFD1FFE8BA11FFFA" masterDocTitle="An integrative approach to the taxonomy of the crown-of-thorns starfish species group (Asteroidea: Acanthaster): A review of names and comparison to recent molecular data" masterLastPageNumber="284" masterPageNumber="271" pageNumber="273" updateTime="1731352624980" updateUser="jonas" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="78C0DCAE9DF84B90259957D2B4628F61">
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<mods:title id="67B946FE71DAC757D7694F2C9A26898E">An integrative approach to the taxonomy of the crown-of-thorns starfish species group (Asteroidea: Acanthaster): A review of names and comparison to recent molecular data</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="339C4985CC2C741DB83D60A6E38C450C" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="62FCBC785384EFB7A05FCA65AAD5E452">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2E90C50137D21CA92CE402D693A57CC8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="842F602F741709DB6F90B99B083834A3">Haszprunar, Gerhard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AD116533DE7E7AD823F83CC1AE116A64">SNSB - Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstr. 21, D- 81247 München, Germany. E-mail: haszprunar @ snsb. de Dept. Biology II and GeoBio-Center of LMU Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="E1E68433AA26468D9A90833F58A4507A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="54931D02260F44D5453145880B122B57">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="798BF6FD26981334119F653546A9D1D5">Spies, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="14FE0C737520CEBD2DF136F69C229277">SNSB - Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstr. 21, D- 81247 München, Germany. E-mail: haszprunar @ snsb. de Dept. Biology II and GeoBio-Center of LMU Munich, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3F7BD6DAF439E5F31E60EDD2FFF39604">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="4A6FBBAD975C3D3BC7D367C354135BCF">
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<mods:title id="6CF0CAEF3DE778AB998D66E37106320E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E58282CA76DBDF370F7C790E559788DD">
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<mods:date id="5241B70713FF0965BE38B69347901323">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="97E4E1F41CAA6FE75B41E9E176447FFE">2014-07-25</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="53D4367C56E66F789AA3539152463AC1" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="99CDCB3ACCF7572039D46BBBE18AC8E6">3841</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="7050619E905A65A73668FA2C13A065AC" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="0141D201B2DFF74FA9A6DD90BFC1CAC3">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="E94FF44544CD7DF3B71F64E8945B5D34">271</mods:start>
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<mods:identifier id="8998CCA5271E650162060CCC06FCDF43" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3841.2.6</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2E4775E3AEEC6AF7F7FC1615CDAB5F96" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03EB878010250D08FF46F8DCBE23FB5A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB878010250D08FF46F8DCBE23FB5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB878010250D08FF46F8DCBE23FB5A" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="274" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10250D09FF46F8DCB871F8B7" box="[151,608,1843,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF46F8DCB871F8B7" blockId="2.[151,608,1843,1869]" box="[151,608,1843,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF46F8DCBAA9F8B7" bold="true" box="[151,184,1844,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">(3)</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510250D09FF6FF8DBB871F8B7" ID-CoL="7Q8X9" authority="(Schreber, 1793)" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[190,608,1843,1869]" class="Asteroidea" family="Acanthasteridae" genus="Acanthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="solaris">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF6FF8DBBB8CF8B6" bold="true" box="[190,413,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Acanthaster solaris</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710250D09FE7DF8DCB846F8B7" author="Schreber, J. C. D. von" box="[428,599,1844,1869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref12859" refString="Schreber, J. C. D. von (1793) Beschreibung der Seesonne, einer Art Seesterne, mit 21 Strahlen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 27: 1 - 6, pls. I - II (1 - 2). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118931 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1793">Schreber, 1793</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10250D09FF46F894B844F86E" box="[151,597,1916,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D09FF46F894B844F86E" blockId="2.[151,1413,1916,2013]" box="[151,597,1916,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF46F894BBB1F86F" bold="true" box="[151,416,1916,1941]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" reason="1">Original combination.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510250D09FE77F894B844F86E" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1793" box="[422,597,1916,1940]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="solaris">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FE77F894B844F86E" box="[422,597,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">Asterias solaris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10250D08FF16F848BF83FF4A" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="274" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610250D08FF16F848BF83FF4A" blockId="2.[151,1413,1916,2013]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="274" pageId="2" pageNumber="273">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410250D09FF16F848BB96F843" bold="true" box="[199,391,1952,1977]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" reason="1">Original source.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710250D09FE5FF848B859F843" author="Schreber, J. C. D. von" box="[398,584,1952,1977]" pageId="2" pageNumber="273" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref12859" refString="Schreber, J. C. D. von (1793) Beschreibung der Seesonne, einer Art Seesterne, mit 21 Strahlen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 27: 1 - 6, pls. I - II (1 - 2). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118931 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1793">Schreber (1793)</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 1–6, pls. I–II (1–2). www.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/cgi-bin/neubutton.cgi?pfad=/diglib/aufkl/naturforscher/118931&seite=00000006.TIF (text) www.ub.uni-bielefeld.de/cgi-bin/navtif.cgi?pfad=/diglib/aufkl/naturforscher/118931&seite=00000183.TIF&scale=8 (plates)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10240D08FF16FF54B89BFF29" box="[199,650,188,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610240D08FF16FF54B89BFF29" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" box="[199,650,188,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FF16FF54BBDFFF2F" bold="true" box="[199,462,188,213]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" reason="1">Nomenclatural status.</emphasis>
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Available name.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10240D08FF16FF37B8CDFEBA" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610240D08FF16FF37BBD0FEE7" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FF16FF37BB68FF02" bold="true" box="[199,377,223,248]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" reason="1">Type material.</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54F9883410240D08FE52FF37BBFAFF02" box="[387,491,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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—the single specimen reported on by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FC7FFF37BE7CFF02" author="Schmidel, K. C." box="[942,1133,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref12777" refString="Schmidel, K. C. (1781) Beschreibung eines Seesternes mit rosenformigen Verzierungen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 16, 1 - 7, pl. I (1). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118812 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1781">Schmidel (1781)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FB7DFF37BF78FF02" author="Schreber, J. C. D. von" box="[1196,1385,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref12859" refString="Schreber, J. C. D. von (1793) Beschreibung der Seesonne, einer Art Seesterne, mit 21 Strahlen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 27: 1 - 6, pls. I - II (1 - 2). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118931 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1793">Schreber (1793)</bibRefCitation>
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; see remarks (2) and (3) below.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BFD369610240D08FF16FECFB8CDFEBA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" box="[199,732,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">
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||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FF16FECFBB74FEBA" bold="true" box="[199,357,295,320]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" reason="1">
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<typeStatus id="54F9883410240D08FF16FECFBB13FEBA" box="[199,258,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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Unknown; see remark (2) below.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C358651D10240D08FF16FEA4BE23FB5A" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610240D08FF16FEA4BB29FE72" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FF16FEA4BB2AFE9F" bold="true" box="[199,315,332,357]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
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(1) The figures in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FDC0FEA4B8D3FE9F" author="Schreber, J. C. D. von" box="[529,706,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref12859" refString="Schreber, J. C. D. von (1793) Beschreibung der Seesonne, einer Art Seesterne, mit 21 Strahlen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 27: 1 - 6, pls. I - II (1 - 2). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118931 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1793">Schreber (1793</bibRefCitation>
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: plates I and II) clearly show a species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FB16FEA4BF8AFE9E" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1223,1435,332,356]" class="Asteroidea" family="Acanthasteridae" genus="Acanthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="planci">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FB16FEA4BF8AFE9E" box="[1223,1435,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Acanthaster planci</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species group.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFD369610240D08FF16FE7CB92AFCEF" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">
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(2) According to
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FE59FE7CB84EFE57" author="Schmidel, K. C." box="[392,607,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref12777" refString="Schmidel, K. C. (1781) Beschreibung eines Seesternes mit rosenformigen Verzierungen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 16, 1 - 7, pl. I (1). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118812 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1781">Schmidel (1781: 7)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FD44FE7CB94CFE57" author="Schreber, J. C. D. von" box="[661,861,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref12859" refString="Schreber, J. C. D. von (1793) Beschreibung der Seesonne, einer Art Seesterne, mit 21 Strahlen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 27: 1 - 6, pls. I - II (1 - 2). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118931 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1793">Schreber (1793: 1</bibRefCitation>
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, 5), Schmidel had bought two different starfish at a shop in Paris the owner of which had reported the source of both specimens as “die Magellanische Meerenge” (the Magellanic strait).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FEBCFE34B840FE0F" author="Madsen, F. J." box="[365,593,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="179 - 192" refId="ref10892" refString="Madsen, F. J. (1955) A note on the seastar genus Acanthaster. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i KObenhavn, 117, 179 - 192, pls. I - VI (1 - 6)." type="journal article" year="1955">Madsen (1955: 180)</bibRefCitation>
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and others have argued that the material cannot have come from the Strait of Magellan in Tierra del Fuego, as members of
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FD09FDE8B94EFDE2" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1841" box="[728,863,512,536]" class="Asteroidea" family="Acanthasteridae" genus="Acanthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FD09FDE8B94EFDE2" box="[728,863,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Acanthaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occur in tropical waters only, and the second of Schmidel's specimens belonged to
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FDF0FDCCB9D4FDC7" authority="(Retzius, 1805)" baseAuthorityName="Retzius" baseAuthorityYear="1805" box="[545,965,548,573]" class="Asteroidea" family="Oreasteridae" genus="Culcita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="schmideliana">
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||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FDF0FDCCB901FDC6" box="[545,784,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Culcita schmideliana</emphasis>
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(Retzius, 1805)
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</taxonomicName>
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[=
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FC3FFDCCBF93FDC7" authority="Schreber, 1793: 6" authorityName="Schreber" authorityPageNumber="6" authorityYear="1793" box="[1006,1410,548,573]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="placenta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FC3FFDCCBEA2FDC6" box="[1006,1203,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Asterias placenta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FB6BFDCCBF93FDC7" author="Schreber, J. C. D. von" box="[1210,1410,548,573]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref12859" refString="Schreber, J. C. D. von (1793) Beschreibung der Seesonne, einer Art Seesterne, mit 21 Strahlen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 27: 1 - 6, pls. I - II (1 - 2). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118931 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1793">Schreber, 1793: 6</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a junior primary homonym of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FE0EFDA0B900FD9A" authority="Pennant, 1777" authorityName="Pennant" authorityYear="1777" box="[479,785,583,608]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="placenta">
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||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FE0EFDA0B871FD9A" box="[479,608,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">A. placenta</emphasis>
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||
Pennant, 1777
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
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], which does not occur in South America. Therefore, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F9883410240D08FF46FD84BAD6FD7E" box="[151,199,620,644]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">type</typeStatus>
|
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locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FE94FD84B88DFD7F" authority="(Schreber)" baseAuthorityName="Schreber" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[325,668,620,645]" class="Asteroidea" family="Acanthasteridae" genus="Acanthaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="solaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FE94FD84B80EFD7E" box="[325,543,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Acanthaster solaris</emphasis>
|
||
(Schreber)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been assumed to be "one of the Philippine localities to which the name of Magellan is attached" (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FDDFFD67B8BEFD52" author="Madsen, F. J." box="[526,687,655,680]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="179 - 192" refId="ref10892" refString="Madsen, F. J. (1955) A note on the seastar genus Acanthaster. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i KObenhavn, 117, 179 - 192, pls. I - VI (1 - 6)." type="journal article" year="1955">Madsen 1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, we have not found evidence of any sea strait in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F355760610240D08FF46FD5CBB04FD37" box="[151,277,692,717]" name="Philippines" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
ever having been named after Magellan (though there is a widely known “Magellan´s Cross” on a shore of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4986F87410240D08FF64FD3FBAE1FD0A" box="[181,240,727,752]" country="Philippines" name="Cebu" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Cebu</collectingRegion>
|
||
island). Accordingly, we do not follow such unsupported assumptions here, and find it reasonable to doubt the dealer's locality information quoted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FDA9FD14B926FCEF" author="Schmidel, K. C." box="[632,823,764,789]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="1 - 7" refId="ref12777" refString="Schmidel, K. C. (1781) Beschreibung eines Seesternes mit rosenformigen Verzierungen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 16, 1 - 7, pl. I (1). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118812 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1781">Schmidel (1781)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD369610240D08FF16FCF7B9DDFC7A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">
|
||
(3) The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F9883410240D08FEF3FCF7BB95FCC2" box="[290,388,799,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has not been found in the two natural-history collections known to have acquired substantial amounts of Schreber's material after his death, namely at the University Erlangen-Nürnberg (U. Andraschke, pers. comm. 2014), and at the Zoologische Staatssammlung in Munich (ZSM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD369610240D08FF16FC64B884FBA2" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">
|
||
(4)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FF20FC64B857FC5F" author="Muller, J. & Troschel, F. H." box="[241,582,908,933]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" refId="ref11680" refString="Muller, J. & Troschel, F. H. (1842) System der Asteriden. F. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig, xx (20) + 134 + [1] pp., 12 pls. Available from: https: // archive. org / stream / systemderasterid 00 ml (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="book" year="1842">Müller & Troschel (1842: 25)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
treated a species under the name "
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FC0BFC64BEEBFC5F" authority="Nobis" authorityName="Nobis" box="[986,1274,908,933]" class="Asteroidea" family="Echinasteridae" genus="Echinaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spinulosida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="solaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FC0BFC64BEB9FC5E" box="[986,1192,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Echinaster solaris</emphasis>
|
||
Nobis
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
", even though their synonymic listing referred to several earlier works that had used the same or a different species name, among them "Soland. et Ellis tab. 60–62" (i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FD8EFC3CB9E0FC17" authority="Ellis & Solander" authorityName="Ellis & Solander. This" authorityYear="1786" box="[607,1009,980,1005]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="echinites">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FD8EFC3CB939FC16" box="[607,808,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Asterias echinites</emphasis>
|
||
Ellis & Solander
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FBC8FC3CBE86FC17" author="Watt, M. & Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S." box="[1049,1175,980,1005]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" refId="ref13701" refString="Watt, M. (Ed.) (1786) The natural history of many curious and uncommon zoophytes, collected from various parts of the globe by the late John Ellis, Esq. F. R. S. Soc. Reg. Upsal. Soc. author of the natural history of English Corallines, and other works. Systematically arranged and described by the late Daniel Solander, M. D. F. R. S. & c.. With sixty-two [sic] plates engraven by principal artists. B. White and Son + P. Elmsly, London, xii (12) + 208 pp., 63 + [2] pls. Available from: https: // archive. org / details / naturalhistoryof 00 elli (accessed 4 July 2014) [This work was published on the initiative of Sir Joseph Banks by Ellis' daughter years after the deaths of Ellis († 1776) and Solander († 1782); thus, for the purposes of nomenclature Ellis and Solander cannot be cited as the authors of the publication (ICZN 1999: Art. 50.1.1). However, contents of the work show clearly that Ellis had collected the material and closely overseen the production of the plates by various artists (Watt 1786, editor's introductory " Advertisement ", p. vi), with the possible exception of the two unnumbered plates, which appear to be reproductions of older originals. The work's contents also show that Solander had " arranged and described " (op. cit.: title) the taxa treated in the text, including data " found in Mr. Ellis's papers " (op. cit.: p. 198). Consequently, we continue to credit Ellis & Solander with the nomenclatural authorship of all taxon names newly proposed in Watt (1786).]" type="book" year="1786">Watt, 1786</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FB35FC3CBF88FC17" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1793" box="[1252,1433,980,1005]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="solaris">Asterias solaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Naturforscher Stück 27, tab. 1. 2." (i.e.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FDB7FC10B9C3FBEA" authority="Schreber, 1793" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1793" box="[614,978,1015,1040]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="solaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FDB7FC10B909FBEA" box="[614,792,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Asterias solaris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FCF2FC1FB9C3FBEA" author="Schreber, J. C. D. von" box="[803,978,1015,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="1 - 6" refId="ref12859" refString="Schreber, J. C. D. von (1793) Beschreibung der Seesonne, einer Art Seesterne, mit 21 Strahlen. Der Naturforscher (Halle a. d. Saale), 27: 1 - 6, pls. I - II (1 - 2). Available from: http: // www. ub. uni-bielefeld. de / cgi-bin / neubutton. cgi? pfad = / diglib / aufkl / naturforscher / 118931 & seite = 00000006. TIF (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="journal article" year="1793">Schreber, 1793</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FBE5FC1FBF8DFBEA" author="Muller, J. & Troschel, F. H." box="[1076,1436,1015,1040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="178 - 185" refId="ref11743" refString="Muller, J. & Troschel, F. H. (1844) Beschreibung neuer Asteriden. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 10 (1), 178 - 185. Available from: https: // archive. org / stream / archivfrnaturg 1001 berl # page / 178 / mode / 2 up (accessed 4 July)" type="journal article" year="1844">Müller & Troschel (1844: 180)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed a new genus to be called
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FDE4FBF4B88CFBCE" box="[565,669,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">Echinites</emphasis>
|
||
and to receive
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C424D1510240D08FC87FBF4B9D5FBCE" authorityName="Schreber" authorityYear="1793" box="[854,964,1052,1076]" class="Asteroidea" family="Asteriidae" genus="Asterias" kingdom="Animalia" order="Forcipulatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="solaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FC87FBF4B9D5FBCE" box="[854,964,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">A. solaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the only species mentioned, but both proposals are invalid; see section C(2) below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFD369610240D08FF16FB8CBE23FB5A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1184]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">
|
||
(5) The species epithet was misspelled as “
|
||
<emphasis id="B936EA8410240D08FD08FB8CB931FB86" box="[729,800,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="274">solans</emphasis>
|
||
” by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD34B6710240D08FCB4FB8CBEF6FB87" author="Ludwig, H. & Hamann, O." box="[869,1255,1124,1149]" pageId="3" pageNumber="274" pagination="461 - 966" refId="ref10702" refString="Ludwig, H. & Hamann, O. (1899) Die Seesterne. In: Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs in Wort und Bild. 2. Band, 3. Abteilung: Echinodermen (Stachelhauter), II. Buch, Akademische Verlagsgesellshaft, Leipzig, pp. 461 - 966, pls. I - XII (1 - 12). Available from: https: // archive. org / stream / drhgbronnsklasse 020302 bron # page / n 5 / mode / 2 up (accessed 4 July 2014)" type="book chapter" year="1899">Ludwig & Hamann (1899: 711)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. This incorrect subsequent spelling does not constitute an available name (ICZN 1999: Art. 33.3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |