218 lines
23 KiB
XML
218 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="4D8FB51FEA63C5495024EA7CFA1147D9" ID-DOI="10.5252/zoosystema2024v46a25" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13907152" ID-ZooBank="D4AC1F89-AC34-43C4-9761-3F2015A02265" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1728463297646" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoudé, Mark-Oliver, Annemarie Ohler, Luca, Mark-Oliver Rödel, Alain, Luca Luiselli & Dubois, Alain" docDate="2024" docId="03F187A4FFA3FFF5AAAFFC49FA5FFE66" docLanguage="en" docName="zoosystema.2024.46.25.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 46 (25)" docSource="https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/zoosystema2024v46a25.pdf" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631.9:Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="5CC576F744449C1860B4E72ABD884631" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2020-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phrynobatrachus francisci Boulenger 1912" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="652" masterDocId="FFC8FFDCFFB4FFE2AA73FFBDFFEFFFCF" masterDocTitle="Amphibians of Togo: taxonomy, distribution and conservation status" masterLastPageNumber="670" masterPageNumber="631" pageNumber="652" updateTime="1728463900544" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="43142FD496CDFC38981953E5BD1ED863">Amphibians of Togo: taxonomy, distribution and conservation status</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D3803A28FE636EB6510CF51ABDDEB374">Segniagbeto, Gabriel Hoinsoudé</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F02F1D1FE7ED2DB3147070EC97B295DB">Laboratory of Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lomé, BP 6057 Lomé, Togo, BP 1515, Lomé (Togo) and Institute for Development, Ecology, Conservation and Cooperation, Rome (Italy) gsegniagbeto @ gmail. com (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CC05B58F64766E99A3891FC6A3DBB78A">Mark-Oliver, Annemarie Ohler</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6F0070DDF7840E7A4374F0E69E38F8C5">Luca, Mark-Oliver Rödel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7854A8C71650257B88B90071108BB424">Alain, Luca Luiselli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6073AE0F4328C29DE3E5AD7C737F7A46">Dubois, Alain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CDC6AC7C6BA576A0DFEB3AA4B9F023F5">Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE-PSL, Université des Antilles, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 30, F- 75005, Paris (France) alain. dubois @ mnhn. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0C0F23CE76DDBBEFA17077FB1D3C460A" type="email">dubois@mnhn.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C139EAB6A09FF2589611B039465BB83B">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B6E26AA6CE6C7ABB04C6C095F3FB6C5D">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="01E3611CEB0090181EE4FE494004472B">2024-10-08</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="2A3C7420F956B4EAC0A5CB16B1E3D84F" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D31FFA3FFF5AAAFFC49FD40FBC0" ID-CoL="4GW92" authority="Boulenger, 1912" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1912" box="[220,687,1012,1039]" class="Amphibia" family="Phrynobatrachidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="francisci">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAA0FFA3FFF5AAAFFC49FE19FBC1" bold="true" box="[220,502,1012,1039]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Phrynobatrachus francisci</emphasis>
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Boulenger, 1912
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3426539FFA3FFF5ABFDFBA9FE12FBE1" box="[398,509,1044,1070]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE736B2FFA3FFF5ABFDFBA9FE12FBE1" blockId="23.[220,687,1012,1070]" box="[398,509,1044,1070]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13632A37FFA3FFF5ABE5FBA9FE1BFBE1" box="[406,500,1044,1070]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1962,1980]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-79@24.[698,1267,766,1320]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 11. — Representatives of anuran species from Togo in life: A, Phrynobatrachus calcaratus (Peters, 1863) (Kalaré); B, Phrynobatrachus francisci Boulenger, 1912 (Mango); C, Phrynobatrachus gutturosus (Chabanaud, 1921) (Assoukoko); D, Phrynobatrachus latifrons (Ahl, 1924) (Akloa); E, Phrynobatrachus natalensis (Smith, 1849) (Koui); F, Phrynobatrachus plicatus (Günther, 1859) (Assoukoko)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13907178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13907178/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3426539FFA3FFF5AAF7FBF0FA5FFE66" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="materials_examined">
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. —
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<emphasis id="B92CEAA0FFA3FFF5ABE7FBF0FE25FBAA" bold="true" box="[404,458,1101,1125]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7622FFA3FFF5ABE7FBF0FE25FBAA" box="[404,458,1101,1125]" name="Togo" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Togo</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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||
•
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||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5AB95FBF0FDFFFBA7" box="[486,528,1101,1128]" count="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5A852FBF0FDA6FBA7" box="[545,585,1101,1128]" count="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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||
; Kanté; MNHN- RA-1994.4457-4459 •
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||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5AB24FBDAFE94FB4D" box="[343,379,1127,1154]" count="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="male">9 ♂</specimenCount>
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||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5ABF7FBDAFE4AFB4D" box="[388,421,1127,1154]" count="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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||
; Tsévié; MNHN-RA-1997.2518-2526 •
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5AAE1FB3FFF5BFB52" box="[146,180,1154,1181]" count="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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||
; Aou Losso; MNHN-RA-2008.0200, MNHN-RA-2008.0201 •
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<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5AAE7FB21FF57FB78" box="[148,184,1180,1207]" count="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
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||
; Atakpamé; MNHN-RA-1994.4465-4467.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE736B2FFA3FFF5AAF7FB76FEB6FAD8" blockId="23.[131,777,1101,1694]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D01A06EFFA3FFF5AB7FFB6DFE82FB2E" baselines="1245" box="[268,365,1232,1249]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
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. —
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<emphasis id="B92CEAA0FFA3FFF5ABEDFB71FDC8FB2B" bold="true" box="[414,551,1228,1252]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7622FFA3FFF5ABEDFB71FDC8FB2B" box="[414,551,1228,1252]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5A831FB76FD97FB29" box="[578,632,1227,1254]" count="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="male">18 ♂</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5A8FBFB76FD40FB29" box="[648,687,1227,1254]" count="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
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; Lamto; MRCA-B-104928-B-104930, B-104936-B-104937, MNHN- RA-1993.3605-3620.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE736B2FFA3FFF5AAF7FAA1FEFDFA83" blockId="23.[131,777,1101,1694]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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<materialsCitation id="3B303CEFFFA3FFF5AAF7FAA1FEE3FA83" country="Sierra Leone" location="Sierra Leone" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAA0FFA3FFF5AAF7FAA1FF12FAFD" bold="true" box="[132,253,1306,1332]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7622FFA3FFF5AAF7FAA1FF12FAFD" box="[132,253,1306,1332]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5AB7CFAA7FEDBFAFA" box="[271,308,1306,1333]" count="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5AB4DFAA7FE8FFAFA" box="[318,352,1306,1333]" count="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
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||
; Kassewe; MNHN-RA-1995.878, MNHN- RA-1995.880
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE736B2FFA3FFF5AAF7FAF2FD48FAA8" blockId="23.[131,777,1101,1694]" box="[132,679,1359,1386]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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<materialsCitation id="3B303CEFFFA3FFF5AAF7FAF2FD4EFAA8" box="[132,673,1359,1386]" country="Chad" location="Tchad" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="3">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAA0FFA3FFF5AAF7FAF2FF2BFAA8" bold="true" box="[132,196,1359,1383]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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<collectingCountry id="F34F7622FFA3FFF5AAF7FAF2FF2BFAA8" box="[132,196,1359,1383]" name="Chad" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Tchad</collectingCountry>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
•
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||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5AAA8FAF2FEEDFAA5" box="[219,258,1359,1386]" count="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
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||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5AB7CFAF2FEDCFAA5" box="[271,307,1359,1386]" count="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; Léré; MNHN-RA-1993.4284-4291
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BE736B2FFA3FFF5AAF7FAC3FD15F951" blockId="23.[131,777,1101,1694]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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||
. — Small frog (SVL 15.0-23.0 mm
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5A830FA3FFDB8FA56" box="[579,599,1410,1433]" count="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
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||
<quantity id="4CA09B57FFA3FFF5A813FAC3FD0AFA5A" box="[608,741,1406,1430]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.335" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="1.92" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" unit="mm" value="23.35" valueMax="27.5" valueMin="19.2">19.2-27.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5EFD3BFFA3FFF5A89AFA3FFD15FA56" box="[745,762,1410,1433]" count="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
), with a more or less stocky body. Snout short, pointed, slightly exceeding mouth slit. Head longer than broad (HW 27-37% SVL; HL 27-44%
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<collectionCode id="ED49AE77FFA3FFF5AB76FA70FEDAFA2A" box="[261,309,1485,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
). Tympanum reduced (TYD 5-9%
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED49AE77FFA3FFF5A8E0FA70FD2CFA2A" box="[659,707,1485,1509]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
). Tibia rather long (TL 39-60%
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED49AE77FFA3FFF5AB01FA55FE4DF9CF" box="[370,418,1512,1536]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
). Webbing small with three phalanges free; webbing formula: I 1 – 2
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||
<collectionCode id="ED49AE77FFA3FFF5ABC6F9BEFE29F9D5" box="[437,454,1539,1562]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">II</collectionCode>
|
||
1 – 3
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||
<collectionCode id="ED49AE77FFA3FFF5A87AF9BEFDCCF9D5" box="[521,547,1539,1562]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">III</collectionCode>
|
||
2 – 3
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||
<collectionCode id="ED49AE77FFA3FFF5A815F9BEFD6FF9D5" box="[614,640,1539,1562]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">IV</collectionCode>
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||
3 – 2 V. Upper snout smooth, rough interorbital space and loreal region, back with very prominent warts, flanks with small glandular warts; distinct supratympanic fold; dorsal side of forearm, tarsus and shank shagreen, that of the thigh with small glandular warts; ventral and posterior sides of thigh shagreen; throat, chest and belly smooth.
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736B2FFA3FFF5AAF7F908FCE7F8A3" blockId="23.[131,776,1717,1900]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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. — The general colouration of the back is brown (dark brown when stored in alcohol). In some specimens, the back has dark, light, irregularly shaped spots, especially on the varicosities. The dorsal parts of forearm, tarsus, tibia and thigh has dark and light transverse bars. The back of the thigh has light brown longitudinal bands. The chest, belly and underside of the thigh are whitish. The throat is white with some brown spots in some females and juveniles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736B2FFA3FFF5AAF7F83EFDE6F825" blockId="23.[132,777,1923,2026]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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. — The males are smaller than the females and have a subgular vocal sac marked by grooves or longitudinal gular folds; their skin more heavily pigmented than in the females, resulting in a dark or black colouration.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736B2FFA3FFF5A95EFF65FA5FFE66" blockId="23.[811,1457,215,425]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D01A06EFFA3FFF5A95EFF65FC63FF21" baselines="233,234" box="[813,908,216,239]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Habitats" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">HABITATS</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D01A06EFFA3FFF5A9E3FF60FC56FF21" baselines="234" box="[912,953,221,238]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="and" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">AND</smallCapsWord>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D01A06EFFA3FFF5A9CDFF60FBABFF21" baselines="234" box="[958,1092,221,238]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="distribution" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
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. —
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D31FFA3FFF5AE1FFF6AFABAFF3F" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1912" box="[1132,1365,215,240]" class="Amphibia" family="Phrynobatrachidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="francisci">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAA0FFA3FFF5AE1FFF6AFABAFF3F" box="[1132,1365,215,240]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Phrynobatrachus francisci</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is mainly a savannah species and rarely occurs in degraded forest areas. It is usually found near ponds, swamps and small rivers in savannah during the rainy season.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B43FFA3FFF5AE6DFE9AFACCFEF0" author="LAMOTTE M. & XAVIER F." box="[1054,1315,295,319]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref35957" refString="LAMOTTE M. & XAVIER F. 1966 a. - Phrynobatrachus natalensis (Smith) et Phrynobatrachus francisci (Boulenger): deux especes de l'Ouest Africain difficiles a distinguer. Bulletin de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire (A) 28 (1): 333 - 361." type="journal article" year="1966">Lamotte & Xavier (1966a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated that the species is more terrestrial than the more aquatic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C584D31FFA3FFF5AF6BFEFFFC85FEBB" authority="(Ahl, 1924)" authorityName="Akloa" baseAuthorityName="Ahl" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Amphibia" family="Phrynobatrachidae" genus="Phrynobatrachus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latifrons">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAA0FFA3FFF5AF6BFEFFFA96FE96" box="[1304,1401,321,345]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">P. latifrons</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B43FFA3FFF5AFF6FEFCFC8CFEBB" author="AHL E." pageId="23" pageNumber="652" pagination="245 - 254" refId="ref32126" refString="AHL E. 1924. - Neue Reptilien und Batrachier aus dem Zoologischen Museum Berlin. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte (A) 90: 245 - 254." type="journal article" year="1924">Ahl, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7622FFA3FFF5A9F8FEE1FC50FEBB" box="[907,959,348,372]" name="Togo" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Togo</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it was reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B43FFA3FFF5AE05FEE1FAE4FEBB" author="BOURGAT R." box="[1142,1291,348,372]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" pagination="597 - 624" refId="ref33022" refString="BOURGAT R. 1979. - Trematodes d'amphibiens du Togo. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle (4 e serie) 3: 597 - 624." type="journal article" year="1979">Bourgat (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B43FFA3FFF5AF4AFEE1FC73FE41" author="SEGNIAGBETO G. H. & BOWESSIDJAOU J. E. & DUBOIS A. & OHLER A." pageId="23" pageNumber="652" pagination="72 - 90" refId="ref38374" refString="SEGNIAGBETO G. H., BOWESSIDJAOU J. E., DUBOIS A. & OHLER A. 2007. - Les Amphibiens du Togo: etat actuel des connaissances. Alytes 24 (1 - 4): 72 - 90." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Segniagbeto
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAA0FFA3FFF5A95EFECAFCB7FE41" box="[813,856,374,398]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The distribution of the species as reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B43FFA3FFF5AF34FECAFC52FE66" author="LAMOTTE M. & XAVIER F." pageId="23" pageNumber="652" pagination="333 - 361" refId="ref35957" refString="LAMOTTE M. & XAVIER F. 1966 a. - Phrynobatrachus natalensis (Smith) et Phrynobatrachus francisci (Boulenger): deux especes de l'Ouest Africain difficiles a distinguer. Bulletin de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire (A) 28 (1): 333 - 361." type="journal article" year="1966">Lamotte & Xavier (1966a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC94B43FFA3FFF5A99EFE2CFB80FE66" author="RODEL M. - O." box="[1005,1135,401,425]" pageId="23" pageNumber="652" refId="ref37146" refString="RODEL M. - O. 2000. - Herpetofauna of West Africa. Vol 1. Amphibians of theWest African savanna. ̿ rankfurt am Main, Chimaira, 335 p." type="book" year="2000">Rödel (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
extends from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7622FFA3FFF5AE8BFE2CFAAEFE66" box="[1272,1345,401,425]" name="Senegal" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Senegal</collectingCountry>
|
||
to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34F7622FFA3FFF5AF12FE2CFA42FE66" box="[1377,1453,401,425]" name="Nigeria" pageId="23" pageNumber="652">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |