532 lines
65 KiB
XML
532 lines
65 KiB
XML
<document id="0FA8729B90A9B48B49746DDCA1A4B59D" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.657.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217474" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722603694281" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Masson, Didier, Magain, Nicolas & Sérusiaux, Emmanuël" docDate="2024" docId="03FA864EFFE92F19FF1AFF1AFD22FC02" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.657.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 657 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.657.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0.4:Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleId="F08184CE06D8A97EA3E6DE35D99648B0" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Parmotrema udisilvestre D. M. Masson, Magain & Serus., sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="116" masterDocId="FFC3FE36FF982F6AFF92FF84FF9FFFE4" masterDocTitle="Small island but great diversity: thirty six species of Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), including sixteen new species, on Réunion (Mascarenes), with additional data from the Western Indian Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1722811504206" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F72EC1D99C14C47E32048CA14421FF20">Small island but great diversity: thirty six species of Parmotrema (Parmeliaceae, lichenized Ascomycota), including sixteen new species, on Réunion (Mascarenes), with additional data from the Western Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6B83977EC105C2CB9E38DF0D0F47EE6A">Masson, Didier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D78F40EF751353A5099CD4F050DCC9CB" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3340-5472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="0B8A1D63CC682F8C265B32E77D1008DF">Vertevoye, 2860 route d’Irieu, F- 40390 Saint-Martin-de-Seignanx, France di. masson @ wanadoo. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3340 - 5472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E0D4D02575CA078371C36DD53BDFE3F4" type="email">di.masson@wanadoo.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="ABECC8D45B5D64D6FDEFBC30F0CB3FD0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7CF94D853061F2C5724C81E219A78915">Magain, Nicolas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="365017DEBE031EBF0CE2F7B6DF44D042" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5409-9518</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="7ED215528E3D915E0001232D54BE4C78">Evolution and Conservation Biology, InBios research centre, Sart Tilman B 22, Quartier Vallée 1, Chemin de la vallée 4, B- 4000 Liège, Belgium nicolas. magain @ uliege. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5409 - 9518</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0261928B5877EDC300141E4396D7D175" type="email">nicolas.magain@uliege.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="AF182F8051F6737A883D0A8E38B26B9C">Sérusiaux, Emmanuël</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="25D4CF7AAD8BCE23E8BB149D713568F0" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3340-5472</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="66A056A7475C96FA8F8F896BAEE7F3F6">Vertevoye, 2860 route d’Irieu, F- 40390 Saint-Martin-de-Seignanx, France di. masson @ wanadoo. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3340 - 5472 & Evolution and Conservation Biology, InBios research centre, Sart Tilman B 22, Quartier Vallée 1, Chemin de la vallée 4, B- 4000 Liège, Belgium e. serusiaux @ uliege. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0456 - 0131 * Corresponding author & Vertevoye, 2860 route d’Irieu, F- 40390 Saint-Martin-de-Seignanx, France di. masson @ wanadoo. fr; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3340 - 5472</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="58EABD81ED69BB6BE60B7AB3A691AE2A" type="email">di.masson@wanadoo.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="60ABEB84C5735DF571CB8FA2D36B99D4">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F20600B3D99236516474B8E208E333D3">
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<mods:date id="6CC5F2293282FD1FDB96A72501451AE3">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DA2801C0B53E0CF59B4AEB477C860B5B">2024-06-27</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3954E7A731F56E165AE6504B3AE7A81D">657</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2547F9B1D77FBFAB828054C0C79E9879">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="3BE6D9F73832FEC334C984B297D7D218">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.657.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="87F140FD9C4B68E9F5901CFCF645608A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="C112BE1FD96DE60068640C9B49A6C1FD" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.657.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1CB176A038945A293CA7119A5B9AA0FC" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0CF76B7FC36C348DDFC793813DE2BBF3" type="Zenodo-Dep">13217474</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03FA864EFFE92F19FF1AFF1AFD22FC02" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFFE92F19FF1AFF1AFD22FC02" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA864EFFE92F19FF1AFF1AFD22FC02" lastPageId="115" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<subSubSection id="C34964D3FFE92F1BFF1AFF1AFBE5FF5D" box="[136,1146,157,185]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF1AFF1AFBE5FF5D" blockId="113.[136,1452,157,436]" box="[136,1146,157,185]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<heading id="D0A48034FFE92F1BFF1AFF1AFBE5FF5D" box="[136,1146,157,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFF1AFF1AFC8DFF5C" authority="D.M. Masson, Magain & Serus." authorityName="D. M. Masson, Magain & Serus." box="[136,786,157,184]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="udisilvestre" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF1AFF1AFE3CFF5C" bold="true" box="[136,419,157,184]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Parmotrema udisilvestre</emphasis>
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||
D.M. Masson, Magain & Sérus.
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFC8FFF1BFCEDFF5C" box="[797,882,159,184]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2145631FFE92F1BFC8FFF1BFCEDFF5C" box="[797,882,159,184]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
MycoBank no. 853880
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FFE92F1BFF1AFF41FB5BFF1A" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF1AFF41FB5BFF1A" blockId="113.[136,1452,157,436]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF1AFF41FF6EFF3F" bold="true" box="[136,241,197,219]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
Species of the
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFE11FF42FD96FF3E" baseAuthorityName="des Abbayes" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[387,521,197,219]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmelia" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subarnoldii">
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<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFE11FF42FD96FF3E" box="[387,521,197,219]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">P. subarnoldii</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
group, characterized by the fragile upper cortex often flaking, the submarginal soralia frequently arising from pustules, the granular soredia, and the marginal cilia of moderate average size (ca.
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||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFBC1FF6DFB27FF1A" box="[1107,1208,233,255]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4 mm</quantity>
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||
).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FFE92F1BFF1AFE89FC9FFA64" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF1AFE89FDF2FE8E" blockId="113.[136,1452,157,436]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF1AFE89FF7AFEC6" bold="true" box="[136,229,269,290]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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<typeStatus id="54E889FAFFE92F1BFF1AFE89FF7AFEC6" box="[136,229,269,290]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
:—
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||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFE90FE89FEF9FEC6" box="[258,358,269,290]" name="France" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
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||
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFFE92F1BFEE1FE89FE57FEC7" box="[371,456,269,291]" country="France" name="Reunion" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Réunion</collectingRegion>
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||
: La Plaine-des-Palmistes, Ligne Deux Mille en Dessous, elev.
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||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFBD6FE89FB18FEC7" box="[1092,1159,269,291]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="m" value="875.0">875 m</quantity>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFE92F1BFB06FE89FA97FEC7" box="[1172,1288,269,291]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-21.116388">21°06’59”S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFE92F1BFA84FE89FA14FEC7" box="[1302,1419,269,291]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" precision="15" seconds="00" value="55.65">55°39’00”E</geoCoordinate>
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||
, in submontane
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFEABFEB5FE06FEA2" box="[313,409,305,326]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFEABFEB5FE06FEA2" box="[313,409,305,326]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Pandanus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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wet thicket, in an overall NE orientation, on bark of a branch of
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<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFB88FEB5FB41FEA3" box="[1050,1246,305,327]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
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||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFB88FEB5FB41FEA3" box="[1050,1246,305,327]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Pandanus montanus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<date id="FFED1198FFE92F1BFB7EFEB5FA16FEA3" box="[1260,1417,305,327]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" value="2015-08-23">23 August 2015</date>
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||
,
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<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFA06FEB6FEF7FE8E" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">D. Masson 974.4815</emphasis>
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(MNHN-PC-PC0088083).
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF1AFEFDFC46FE6B" blockId="113.[136,1452,157,436]" box="[136,985,377,399]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
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GenBank accession numbers: ITS (
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<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFFE92F1BFE49FEFDFE67FE6B" box="[475,504,377,399]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">PP</collectionCode>
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||
840415), mtSSU (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFFE92F1BFD37FEFDFD5EFE6B" box="[677,705,377,399]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">PP</collectionCode>
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||
842552), EF1-α (
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||
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFFE92F1BFCF4FEFDFC1CFE6B" box="[870,899,377,399]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">PP</collectionCode>
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||
852814).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF1AFE1EFF75FE50" blockId="113.[136,1452,157,436]" box="[136,234,410,436]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFE92F1BFF02FE1EFF7DFE50" box="[144,226,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="114.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,357,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-79@114.[150,1435,356,1845]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 42. Parmotrema udisilvestre. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Submarginal soralia arising from pustule-like swellings or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex of ± revolute lobe (holotype); D: Sorediate lobe with fragile, cracking and flaking upper cortex (Masson 974.4959); E: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4833). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 2 mm; D = 3 mm; E = 8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217558/files/figure.png" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF1AFE66FB4DFE18" blockId="113.[136,1452,482,2093]" box="[136,1234,482,508]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
Morphological description and chemistry based on molecularly analysed material (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D55FCD1FFE92F1BFBBBFE66FB59FE18" box="[1065,1222,482,508]" count="14" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF2FFD82FD23FB14" blockId="113.[136,1452,482,2093]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF2FFD82FE8EFDC4" box="[189,273,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Thallus</emphasis>
|
||
foliose, loosely to moderately adnate, membranaceous to subcoriaceous, up to 12 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFB3FFD82FB6BFDC4" box="[1197,1268,518,544]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="cm" value="22.0">22 cm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFB6FFD82FADFFDC4" box="[1277,1344,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Lobes</emphasis>
|
||
irregular, contiguous to imbricate,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFE3BFDAEFD88FDA0" box="[425,535,554,580]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="3.0">3–18 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, plane to ± concave, apices rounded, lateral sorediate lobes sometimes ± convolute; margins undulate, sinuate, crenate to dentate, rarely shortly laciniate when sorediate, mostly ascendant, ciliate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFE92F1BFF4EFDF6FEDCFD68" box="[220,323,626,652]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="114.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,357,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-79@114.[150,1435,356,1845]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 42. Parmotrema udisilvestre. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Submarginal soralia arising from pustule-like swellings or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex of ± revolute lobe (holotype); D: Sorediate lobe with fragile, cracking and flaking upper cortex (Masson 974.4959); E: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4833). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 2 mm; D = 3 mm; E = 8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217558/files/figure.png" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 42E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFEC4FDF6FE11FD68" box="[342,398,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Cilia</emphasis>
|
||
conspicuous, black, some with coppery glints (pigments); numerous and ± evenly distributed at lobe margins, occasionally laminal; simple, rarely 1–2 times branched, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFC65FD12FB04FD54" box="[1015,1179,662,688]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="0.065" valueMax="0.09" valueMin="0.04">0.04–0.09 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter at the base, (1.5)2.2–
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF7DFD3EFEBFFD30" box="[239,288,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">3.46</emphasis>
|
||
–4.7(5.5) mm long (n = 420, from
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D55FCD1FFE92F1BFD36FD3EFCA0FD30" box="[676,831,698,724]" count="14" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="generic">14 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, mean values for each specimen: 2.82, 3.03, 3.25, 3.27, 3.34, 3.42, 3.46, 3.49, 3.66, 3.67, 3.68, 3.71, 3.76,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFD52FD5AFCB9FD1C" box="[704,806,734,760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.82" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="3.82">3.82 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFE92F1BFCA3FD5AFC1BFD1C" box="[817,900,734,760]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[136,229,774,796]" captionTargetBox="[167,1422,199,743]" captionTargetId="figure-20@26.[154,1430,193,750]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 10. Comparison of the mean lengths (± SE) of the marginal cilia of 4 species of the P. subarnoldii group: P. subarnoldii (lectotype from Madagascar, 1 specimen from Rwanda), P. eleonomum (7 specimens from Réunion), P. brachyblepharum (8 specimens from Réunion), and P. udisilvestre (14 specimens from Réunion, 1 from Madagascar). Soralia of type A: marginal, linear or ± subcapitate or labriform; soralia of type B: submarginal, arising from pustule-like swellings, or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217494/files/figure.png" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFC0AFD5BFBA6FD1C" box="[920,1081,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Upper surface</emphasis>
|
||
pale greenish grey near lobe tips to pale yellowish grey centrally, dull, shinier towards the periphery, emaculate or faintly ± punctiform white-maculate, smooth or rugulose to ± rugose, upper cortex fragile, here and there cracking and flaking (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFE92F1BFB31FCA2FA90FCA4" box="[1187,1295,806,832]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="114.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,357,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-79@114.[150,1435,356,1845]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 42. Parmotrema udisilvestre. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Submarginal soralia arising from pustule-like swellings or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex of ± revolute lobe (holotype); D: Sorediate lobe with fragile, cracking and flaking upper cortex (Masson 974.4959); E: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4833). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 2 mm; D = 3 mm; E = 8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217558/files/figure.png" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 42D</figureCitation>
|
||
); sorediate or pustulate-sorediate, lacking dactyls, phyllidia and isidia.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFCBDFCCEFC1EFC80" box="[815,897,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Soralia</emphasis>
|
||
mostly submarginal, arising from pustule-like swellings, or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex of ± revolute lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFE92F1BFBA7FCEAFB03FC6C" box="[1077,1180,878,904]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="114.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,357,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-79@114.[150,1435,356,1845]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 42. Parmotrema udisilvestre. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Submarginal soralia arising from pustule-like swellings or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex of ± revolute lobe (holotype); D: Sorediate lobe with fragile, cracking and flaking upper cortex (Masson 974.4959); E: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4833). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 2 mm; D = 3 mm; E = 8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217558/files/figure.png" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 42C</figureCitation>
|
||
) or very short marginal laciniae, then developing into ± erect, capitate clusters; very rarely laminal punctiform.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFB1DFC16FB7AFC48" box="[1167,1253,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Soredia</emphasis>
|
||
granulose, (30)–
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF1AFC32FF26FC34" box="[136,185,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">55.4</emphasis>
|
||
–(80) µm in diameter (n = 420, from 14 thalli, SD = 9.0 µm).
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFC16FC32FC42FC34" box="[900,989,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Lobules</emphasis>
|
||
occasional, mostly regenerative in older parts, marginal and laminal, up to 5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFDDBFC5EFD3BFC10" box="[585,676,986,1013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFD23FC5EFC91FC10" box="[689,782,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Medulla</emphasis>
|
||
white throughout.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFC7EFC5FFB10FC10" box="[1004,1167,986,1012]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Lower surface</emphasis>
|
||
rugulose, dull, ± shinier towards the lobe tips, black to the margin, or with a chestnut brown erhizinate marginal zone (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFB58FC7AFAD5FBFC" box="[1226,1354,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="5.25" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–10 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide) at main lobe tips, sorediate lobes sometimes with a mottled or fully ivory erhizinate marginal zone (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFB6DFBA6FAC2FBD8" box="[1279,1373,1058,1084]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide).
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF1AFBC2FF78FB84" box="[136,231,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Rhizines</emphasis>
|
||
in small scattered groups, concolor to the lower surface, sometimes with lighter tip when young, simple or fasciculate, more rarely 1–2 times branched, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFD56FBEEFC9AFB60" box="[708,773,1130,1156]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFCDFFBEEFC20FB60" box="[845,959,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Apothecia</emphasis>
|
||
absent.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFB8EFBEEFB1FFB60" box="[1052,1152,1130,1156]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Pycnidia</emphasis>
|
||
rare, submarginal towards apices; only primordia seen.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFE48FB0AFDABFB4C" box="[474,564,1166,1192]" class="Arthoniomycetes" family="Arthoniaceae" genus="Conidia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Fungi" order="Arthoniales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFE48FB0AFDABFB4C" box="[474,564,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Conidia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
not found.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFD53FB0BFCC6FB4C" box="[705,857,1167,1192]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Upper cortex</emphasis>
|
||
palisade plectenchymatous, fragile, (14)–
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFAACFB0AFAF0FB4C" box="[1342,1391,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">18.7</emphasis>
|
||
–(22) µm thick.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFE96FB36FE19FB28" box="[260,390,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Algal layer</emphasis>
|
||
± continuous, (14)–
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFDE7FB36FD39FB28" box="[629,678,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">18.6</emphasis>
|
||
–(22) µm thick.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFCF8FB36FC58FB28" box="[874,967,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Medulla</emphasis>
|
||
(80)–
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFB82FB36FBDEFB28" box="[1040,1089,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">95.6</emphasis>
|
||
–(108) µm thick.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFA80FB37FA34FB28" box="[1298,1451,1203,1228]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Lower cortex</emphasis>
|
||
prosoplectenchymatous, (13)–
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFE49FB52FD85FB14" box="[475,538,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">14.6–</emphasis>
|
||
(16) µm thick.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF2FFB7DFC9FFA64" blockId="113.[136,1452,482,2093]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF2FFB7DFEA4FAF7" bold="true" box="[189,315,1273,1299]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Chemistry</emphasis>
|
||
:—
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFECDFB7EFD13FAF0" box="[351,652,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Spot tests and fluorescence</emphasis>
|
||
: upper cortex K+ yellow, UV−; medulla K−,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFFE92F1BFB15FB7EFB33FAF0" box="[1159,1196,1274,1300]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">C−</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFFE92F1BFB24FB7EFB41FAF0" box="[1206,1246,1274,1300]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">KC</collectionCode>
|
||
+ pink, P+ orange, UV−.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF5CFA9AFE53FADC" box="[206,460,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Secondary metabolites</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFFE92F1BFE4EFA9AFD88FADC" box="[476,535,1310,1336]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">TLC</collectionCode>
|
||
): upper cortex with atranorin and chloroatranorin; medulla with protocetraric acid (major), protolichesterinic acid (major), lichesterinic acid (minor/trace), ± unidentified fatty acid (Rf classes:A2-3, B1,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFFE92F1BFF1AFAE2FF02FA64" box="[136,157,1382,1408]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
|
||
2; minor); ± 1–2 unidentified ciliary pigments: P1, PV.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FFE92F1BFF2FFA0EFF69F998" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF2FFA0EFDD2FA2C" blockId="113.[136,1452,482,2093]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF2FFA0EFEA1FA40" bold="true" box="[189,318,1418,1444]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
:—The specific epithet is derived from the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFCF8FA0EFC00FA40" box="[874,927,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">udus</emphasis>
|
||
(wet, humid, damp) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFB2CFA0EFABDFA40" box="[1214,1314,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
(of woods), in reference to the habitat of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF2FFA55FF69F998" blockId="113.[136,1452,482,2093]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF2FFA55FE6CFA0F" bold="true" box="[189,499,1489,1515]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Geographical distribution</emphasis>
|
||
:—Among the three taxa of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFCC3FA57FBFAFA08" box="[849,1125,1490,1516]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subarnoldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFCC3FA57FBFAFA08" box="[849,1125,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Parmotrema subarnoldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group occurring on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFAD7FA56FA38FA08" box="[1349,1447,1490,1516]" name="Réunion" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Réunion</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFF1AFA73FEB9F9F4" box="[136,294,1526,1552]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="udisilvestre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF1AFA73FEB9F9F4" box="[136,294,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">P. udisilvestre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be the most frequent. It was found at four localities, in four UTM 1×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFB46FA72FA92F9F4" box="[1236,1293,1526,1552]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
grid cells (or four UTM 2×
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFEB7F99EFEFFF9D0" box="[293,352,1562,1588]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
grid cells,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFE92F1BFE70F99EFDD3F9D0" box="[482,588,1562,1588]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="114.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,357,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-79@114.[150,1435,356,1845]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 42. Parmotrema udisilvestre. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Submarginal soralia arising from pustule-like swellings or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex of ± revolute lobe (holotype); D: Sorediate lobe with fragile, cracking and flaking upper cortex (Masson 974.4959); E: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4833). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 2 mm; D = 3 mm; E = 8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217558/files/figure.png" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 42A</figureCitation>
|
||
), on the windward side of the island at elevations between 685 and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D55FCD1FFE92F1BFAC9F99EFA33F9D0" box="[1371,1452,1562,1589]" count="875" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFAC9F99EFA37F9D0" box="[1371,1448,1562,1589]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="m" value="875.0">875 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
The species also occurs in the northeast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFDE8F9BAFC9CF9BC" box="[634,771,1598,1624]" name="Madagascar" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in mountain massif of Marojejy, between 966 and
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFE92F1BFAC6F9BAFA33F9BC" box="[1364,1452,1598,1624]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.326" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" unit="m" value="1326.0">1326 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34964D3FFE92F19FF2FF902FD22FC02" lastPageId="115" lastPageNumber="116" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F1BFF2FF902FDB4F824" blockId="113.[136,1452,482,2093]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF2FF902FE83F944" bold="true" box="[189,284,1670,1696]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Ecology</emphasis>
|
||
:—At all its Reunionese localities,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFD3EF903FC5EF944" box="[684,961,1670,1696]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="udisilvestre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFD3EF903FC5EF944" box="[684,961,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Parmotrema udisilvestre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was curiously only found on branches and trunks of the screw pine
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFE36F92EFD16F920" box="[420,649,1706,1732]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFE36F92EFD16F920" box="[420,649,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Pandanus montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where it grows directly on the bark, more rarely on epiphytic mosses. Two habitats were reported in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFE4EF94AFDA1F90C" box="[476,574,1742,1768]" name="Réunion" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Réunion</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFDDBF94AFD26F90C" box="[585,697,1742,1768]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFDDBF94AFD26F90C" box="[585,697,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Pandanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
submontane wet thickets and windward submontane rainforests. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFF1AF976FE8EF8E8" box="[136,273,1778,1804]" name="Madagascar" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it was also corticolous, thriving on branchlets of an undetermined phorophyte in a dense humid montane forest. The species appears to be ombrophilous and moderately thermophilous, as shown by the bioclimatic indices of the localities: bioclimate pluvial tropical, thermotype belts = from upper thermotropical to lower mesotropical (482 ≤ It ≤ 531) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFECCF8DAFE22F89C" box="[350,445,1886,1912]" name="Réunion" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Réunion</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFE92F1BFE5EF8DAFDACF89C" box="[460,563,1886,1912]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="114.[136,229,1869,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,357,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-79@114.[150,1435,356,1845]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURE 42. Parmotrema udisilvestre. A: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system); B: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from Rivas-Martínez et al. 2011: 17–18); C: Submarginal soralia arising from pustule-like swellings or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex of ± revolute lobe (holotype); D: Sorediate lobe with fragile, cracking and flaking upper cortex (Masson 974.4959); E: Gross morphology of thallus (Masson 974.4833). Scale bars:A = 10 km; C = 2 mm; D = 3 mm; E = 8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217558/files/figure.png" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Fig. 42B</figureCitation>
|
||
), upper thermotropical (It = 543) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFC5AF8DAFBCEF89C" box="[968,1105,1886,1912]" name="Madagascar" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ombrotype belts = from lower hyperhumid to ultrahyperhumid (17.5 ≤ Io ≤ 25.6) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFD48F806FCA3F878" box="[730,828,1922,1948]" name="Réunion" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Réunion</collectingCountry>
|
||
, lower humid (Io = 7.8) in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFBF4F806FB72F878" box="[1126,1261,1922,1948]" name="Madagascar" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(climate data for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFE92F1BFF1AF822FE90F824" box="[136,271,1958,1984]" name="Madagascar" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFE92F1BFEC0F822FD80F824" author="Anonymous" box="[338,543,1958,1984]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" refId="ref115302" refString="Anonymous (2014) Atlas climatologique de Madagascar. Meteo Malagasy, Antananarivo, 88 pp." type="book" year="2014">Anonymous 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFE92F18FF2FF84EFEE0FEC0" blockId="113.[136,1452,482,2093]" lastBlockId="114.[136,1452,158,293]" lastPageId="114" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF2FF84EFE9FF800" bold="true" box="[189,256,1994,2020]" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Notes</emphasis>
|
||
:—Of the three taxa phenotypically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFC88F84FFBAEF800" box="[794,1073,1994,2020]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subarnoldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFC88F84FFBAEF800" box="[794,1073,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Parmotrema subarnoldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that we describe as new species here,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFE92F1BFF55F86BFEFCF7EC" box="[199,355,2030,2056]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="113" pageNumber="114" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="udisilvestre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFE92F1BFF55F86BFEFCF7EC" box="[199,355,2030,2056]" italics="true" pageId="113" pageNumber="114">P. udisilvestre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the most distinctive morphology. The combination of a fragile upper cortex, the submarginal and often pustular soralia, and the granulose soredia is characteristic of this species (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6D102E3FFE92F1BFBC1F796FB33F7C9" box="[1107,1196,2066,2093]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="26.[137,229,952,976]" captionText="TABLE 5. Comparison of some morphological characters of four species of the P. subarnoldii group. All specimens were subjected to molecular phylogenetic analyses, except those of P. subarnoldii s. str. The mean values reported are the observed extremes. For each character, the number of specimens studied appears in brackets. Soralia of type A: marginal, linear or ± subcapitate or labriform; soralia of type B: submarginal, arising from pustule-like swellings, or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex." pageId="113" pageNumber="114">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). The Reunionese and Malagasy specimens studied form a distinct and well-supported clade in the phylogenetic tree constructed from ITS sequences (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFEA2F18FE99FF46FECFFF38" box="[267,336,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[136,229,1553,1575]" captionTargetBox="[154,1434,216,1510]" captionTargetId="graphics-18@17.[149,1438,191,1527]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. Global tree (best scoring maximum likelihood tree) of Parmotrema based on the fungal ITS barcoding marker. Figure can be enlarged for a better reading of labels. Accessions in black are those retrieved from GenBank on June 2023. Those in red are those produced by the authors for this study. Bootstrap support is indicated on branch when ≥ 70%." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217482/files/figure.png" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) as well in that using three loci (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFEA2F18FD5DFF46FC89FF38" box="[719,790,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="16.[136,229,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[210,1381,204,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-20@16.[197,1389,191,1850]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogeny of the Parmotrema species studied. Best ML tree resulted from a RaxML analysis of three loci (EF1-α, ITS, mtSSU) and 102 specimens. Punctelia toxodes was selected as the outgroup. Bootstrap values are represented above the branches, and thick branches have bootstrap support value ≥ 70. Results of the species delimitation analyses are summarized to the right of the terminal labels of the tree. The first column corresponds to the results of the Stacey analysis, while the second column corresponds to the results of the bPP analysis. Specimens attributed the same colour were reconstructed as part of the same putative species by the species delimitation analysis. Major medullary extrolites are also shown for each specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217480/files/figure.png" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two slightly different ITS sequences were found (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6D102E3FFEA2F18FAFEFF46FF08FEE4" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="13.[136,224,1743,1767]" captionText="TABLE 3. ITS barcode selected in ITS 1 for all species whose DNA could be extracted. Variation within species reported as species epithet followed par 1, 2 or 3. The barcode is selected with the first six positions identical and with the last two identical. See Schoch et al. (2012) for details on the selection and use of ITS barcode. aurantioreagens G C T T T G A C G G T C C T C G G G G G C C T T C C T C C G T A C C G G austrosinense G C T T T G G C G G A C C T C G G G G G T T C T C C T C C G C G T C G G brachyblepharum G C T T T G G C G G G C C C C T G G G G T C T A C C T C C G C A T C G G cf clavuliferum G C T T T G G C G G A C C T T G G G G G T C C C C T C C G C A C C G G crinitum G C T T T G G C G G A C C T C G G G G G T C T T C C T T C G C A C C G G cristiferum G C T T T G G C G G A C C T T G G G G G T C C T C C T C C G C A T C G G ......continued on the next page" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
), but neither of the two methods used for species delimitation (bPP and Stacey) supported the recognition of two different taxa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFEA2F18FEBFFE8EFEEEFEC0" box="[301,369,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="16.[136,229,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[210,1381,204,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-20@16.[197,1389,191,1850]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogeny of the Parmotrema species studied. Best ML tree resulted from a RaxML analysis of three loci (EF1-α, ITS, mtSSU) and 102 specimens. Punctelia toxodes was selected as the outgroup. Bootstrap values are represented above the branches, and thick branches have bootstrap support value ≥ 70. Results of the species delimitation analyses are summarized to the right of the terminal labels of the tree. The first column corresponds to the results of the Stacey analysis, while the second column corresponds to the results of the bPP analysis. Specimens attributed the same colour were reconstructed as part of the same putative species by the species delimitation analysis. Major medullary extrolites are also shown for each specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217480/files/figure.png" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2C67D0FFEA2F18FF1AF8C9FD34F816" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217558" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217558/files/figure.png" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" startId="114.[136,229,1869,1891]" targetBox="[151,1433,357,1843]" targetPageId="114" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFEA2F18FF1AF8C9FD34F816" blockId="114.[136,1452,1869,2035]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FF1AF8C9FE91F886" bold="true" box="[136,270,1869,1891]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">FIGURE 42.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEA2F18FE8BF8CAFD95F886" box="[281,522,1869,1891]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="udisilvestre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FE8BF8CAFD95F886" box="[281,522,1869,1891]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">Parmotrema udisilvestre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FD88F8C9FDB4F886" bold="true" box="[538,555,1869,1890]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">A</emphasis>
|
||
: Distribution on Réunion (UTM 2×2 km grid system);
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FBFAF8C9FBE7F886" bold="true" box="[1128,1144,1869,1890]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">B</emphasis>
|
||
: Bioclimatic characteristics of collection sites (abbreviations and threshold values for thermotype and ombrotype horizons from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC24AA9FFEA2F18FBA6F8F5FA1EF862" author="Rivas-Martinez, S. & Rivas-Saenz, S. & Penas, A." box="[1076,1409,1905,1927]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115" pagination="1 - 634" refId="ref129604" refString="Rivas-Martinez, S., Rivas-Saenz, S. & Penas, A. (2011) Worldwide bioclimatic classification system. Global Geobotany 1: 1 - 634 + 4 maps." type="book chapter" year="2011">
|
||
Rivas-Martínez
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FB42F8F6FB65F862" box="[1232,1274,1905,1927]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011: 17–18
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FA01F8F5FA3BF863" bold="true" box="[1427,1444,1905,1927]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">C</emphasis>
|
||
: Submarginal soralia arising from pustule-like swellings or forming from disintegration of the upper cortex of ± revolute lobe (holotype);
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FF1AF83DFF06F82A" bold="true" box="[136,153,1977,1998]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">D</emphasis>
|
||
: Sorediate lobe with fragile, cracking and flaking upper cortex (
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FD69F83EFC3AF82A" box="[763,933,1977,1999]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">Masson 974.4959</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FC2BF83DFC56F82A" bold="true" box="[953,969,1977,1998]" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">E</emphasis>
|
||
: Gross morphology of thallus (
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEA2F18FB61F83EFA02F82A" box="[1267,1437,1977,1999]" italics="true" pageId="114" pageNumber="115">Masson 974.4833</emphasis>
|
||
). Scale bars: A = 10 km; C = 2 mm; D = 3 mm; E = 8 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFEB2F19FF2FFF1BFB09FEE4" blockId="115.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
|
||
Just like the other representatives of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FD00FF1BFCAEFF5C" box="[658,817,158,184]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="subarnoldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FD00FF1BFCAEFF5C" box="[658,817,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">P. subarnoldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group studied here,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FBB2FF1BFB21FF5C" box="[1056,1214,158,184]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="udisilvestre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FBB2FF1BFB21FF5C" box="[1056,1214,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">P. udisilvestre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is part of a strongly supported radiation of ten species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13682BDDFFEB2F19FD9CFF46FDCEFF38" box="[526,593,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="16.[136,229,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[210,1381,204,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-20@16.[197,1389,191,1850]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogeny of the Parmotrema species studied. Best ML tree resulted from a RaxML analysis of three loci (EF1-α, ITS, mtSSU) and 102 specimens. Punctelia toxodes was selected as the outgroup. Bootstrap values are represented above the branches, and thick branches have bootstrap support value ≥ 70. Results of the species delimitation analyses are summarized to the right of the terminal labels of the tree. The first column corresponds to the results of the Stacey analysis, while the second column corresponds to the results of the bPP analysis. Specimens attributed the same colour were reconstructed as part of the same putative species by the species delimitation analysis. Major medullary extrolites are also shown for each specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217480" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217480/files/figure.png" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
), five of them (including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FCFDFF47FB95FF38" box="[879,1034,194,220]" class="Lecanoromycetes" family="Parmeliaceae" genus="Parmotrema" kingdom="Fungi" order="Lecanorales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="udisilvestre">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FCFDFF47FB95FF38" box="[879,1034,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">P. udisilvestre</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) possible Mascarene endemics, three also occurring on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFEB2F19FEC3FF62FE45FEE4" box="[337,474,230,256]" name="Madagascar" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and two being more widespread in the Paleotropics (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6D102E3FFEB2F19FBA3FF62FB1AFEE4" box="[1073,1157,230,256]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[136,224,304,328]" captionText="TABLE 1. List of the 36 species of the genus Parmotrema reported from Réunion Island with, for each species, its Mycobank" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFEB2F19FF2FFE8EFD50FEC1" blockId="115.[136,1452,158,869]" box="[189,719,266,293]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FF2FFE8EFD57FEC0" bold="true" box="[189,712,266,292]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFFEB2F19FF2FFE8EFDA8FEC0" box="[189,567,266,292]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E889FAFFEB2F19FDD4FE8EFD5FFEC0" box="[582,704,266,292]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFEB2F19FF2FFEAAFAC0FD68" blockId="115.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
|
||
Genetically analysed specimens:—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFEB2F19FDDCFEAAFD5EFEAC" box="[590,705,302,328]" name="France" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFFEB2F19FD5DFEAAFCADFEAC" box="[719,818,302,328]" country="France" name="Reunion" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Réunion</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Bras-Panon, sentier de la Caroline, elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFEB2F19FAB0FEAAFA38FEAD" box="[1314,1447,302,329]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.325" metricValueMax="7.35" metricValueMin="7.3" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="732.5" valueMax="735.0" valueMin="730.0">730–735 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FF1AFED6FE90FE88" box="[136,271,338,364]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-21.028055">21°01’41”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 55°37’10–11”E, in disturbed windward submontane rainforest with patches of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FB31FED6FA8CFE88" box="[1187,1299,338,364]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FB31FED6FA8CFE88" box="[1187,1299,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Pandanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wet thickets, on bark of trunks and a dead branch of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FDCFFEF2FCDAFE74" box="[605,837,374,400]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FDCFFEF2FCDAFE74" box="[605,837,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Pandanus montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFED1198FFEB2F19FCC4FEF2FB8EFE74" box="[854,1041,374,401]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" value="2017-08-15">15 August 2017</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FB8DFEF3FAA6FE74" box="[1055,1337,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">D. Masson 974.4957–59</emphasis>
|
||
(LG); La Plaine-des-Palmistes, Ligne Deux Mille en Dessous, elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFEB2F19FCB8FE1EFCE9FE51" box="[810,886,410,437]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="875.0">875 m</quantity>
|
||
, 21°07’00–01”S, 55°39’00–03”E, in submontane
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FF1AFE3AFF67FE3C" box="[136,248,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FF1AFE3AFF67FE3C" box="[136,248,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Pandanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wet thicket, in an overall NE orientation, on bark of branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FC49FE3AFB5FFE3C" box="[987,1216,446,472]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FC49FE3AFB5FFE3C" box="[987,1216,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Pandanus montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFED1198FFEB2F19FB5DFE3AFA1BFE3D" box="[1231,1412,446,473]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" value="2015-08-23">23 August 2015</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FA02FE3BFE56FE18" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">D. Masson 974.4813, 974.4833</emphasis>
|
||
(LG); Saint-André, forêt de Dioré, elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFEB2F19FC0FFE66FC78FE19" box="[925,999,482,509]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="825.0">825 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FC66FE66FBE4FE19" box="[1012,1147,482,509]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-20.993055">20°59’35”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FB1AFE66FA8EFE19" box="[1160,1297,482,509]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="15" seconds="55" value="55.581944">55°34’55”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, in windward submontane rainforest, on bark of branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FD0BFD82FCE1FDC4" box="[665,894,518,544]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FD0BFD82FCE1FDC4" box="[665,894,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Pandanus montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFED1198FFEB2F19FC1FFD82FBDCFDC4" box="[909,1091,518,544]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" value="2017-08-21">21 August 2017</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FBDDFD83FAFCFDC4" box="[1103,1379,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">D. Masson 974.5062–65</emphasis>
|
||
(LG); Saint-Benoît, Saint-François les Hauts, sentier Sainte-Marguerite, elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFEB2F19FC22FDAEFC65FDA1" box="[944,1018,554,581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.85" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="685.0">685 m</quantity>
|
||
, 21°06’57” to
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FB33FDAEFAB7FDA0" box="[1185,1320,554,580]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-21.116667">21°07’00”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 55°40’42– 43”E, in submontane
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FEE8FDCAFE75FD8C" box="[378,490,590,616]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FEE8FDCAFE75FD8C" box="[378,490,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Pandanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wet thicket, in an overall NE orientation, on bark of trunks and branches of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FAA9FDCAFF6AFD68" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FAA9FDCAFF6AFD68" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Pandanus montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFED1198FFEB2F19FE91FDF6FE28FD68" box="[259,439,626,652]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" value="2012-08-28">28 August 2012</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FE50FDF7FCBCFD68" box="[450,803,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">D. Masson 974.4104, 974.4109</emphasis>
|
||
(LG),
|
||
<date id="FFED1198FFEB2F19FCE2FDF6FBBBFD69" box="[880,1060,626,653]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" value="2015-08-23">23 August 2015</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FBBDFDF7FA87FD68" box="[1071,1304,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">D. Masson 974.4840</emphasis>
|
||
(LG).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFEB2F19FF2FFD12FCC6FD1C" blockId="115.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3B3D05FFEB2F19FF2FFD12FCCBFD1C" collectingDate="2014-10" collectionCode="LG" collectorName="E. Serusiaux" country="Madagascar" county="Simpona" elevation="966" latitude="-14.4365835" location="Sava" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.74328" municipality="Marojejia" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFEB2F19FF2FFD12FE17FD54" box="[189,392,662,688]" name="Madagascar" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8E8C6183FFEB2F19FE05FD12FE4DFD54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFFE92F19FF1AFF1AFD22FC02:8E8C6183FFEB2F19FE05FD12FE4DFD54" box="[407,466,662,688]" country="Madagascar" county="Simpona" latitude="-14.4365835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.74328" municipality="Marojejia" name="Sava" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Sava</location>
|
||
: W of
|
||
<location id="8E8C6183FFEB2F19FDBBFD12FD0CFD54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFFE92F19FF1AFF1AFD22FC02:8E8C6183FFEB2F19FDBBFD12FD0CFD54" box="[553,659,662,688]" country="Madagascar" county="Simpona" latitude="-14.4365835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.74328" municipality="Marojejia" name="Sambava" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Sambava</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8C6183FFEB2F19FD31FD12FC28FD54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA864EFFE92F19FF1AFF1AFD22FC02:8E8C6183FFEB2F19FD31FD12FC28FD54" box="[675,951,662,688]" country="Madagascar" county="Simpona" latitude="-14.4365835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="49.74328" municipality="Marojejia" name="Marojejy National Park" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Marojejy National Park</location>
|
||
, along trail from camp
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B88AD22FFEB2F19FB47FD12FADDFD54" box="[1237,1346,662,688]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Marojejia</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
to camp
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628D4FD4FFEB2F19FF1AFD3EFF71FD30" box="[136,238,698,724]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Simpona</collectingCounty>
|
||
, from
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FEAAFD3EFE4BFD30" box="[312,468,698,724]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="1" seconds="20.1" value="-14.438917">14°26’20.1”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FE73FD3EFDE1FD31" box="[481,638,698,725]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="1" seconds="38.2" value="49.760612">49°45’38.2”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFEB2F19FD54FD3EFC92FD31" box="[710,781,698,725]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.66" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="966.0">
|
||
<elevation id="007ED06BFFEB2F19FD54FD3EFC92FD31" box="[710,781,698,725]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.66" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="966.0">966 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FCA0FD3EFC52FD30" box="[818,973,698,724]" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="1" seconds="11.7" value="-14.4365835">14°26’11.7”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FC4BFD3EFBE8FD31" box="[985,1143,698,725]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="1" seconds="35.8" value="49.74328">49°44’35.8”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFEB2F19FB2DFD3EFA89FD31" box="[1215,1302,698,725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.326" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="1326.0">
|
||
<elevation id="007ED06BFFEB2F19FB2DFD3EFA89FD31" box="[1215,1302,698,725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.326" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="1326.0">1326 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, rather dense humid montane forest,
|
||
<date id="FFED1198FFEB2F19FE1EFD5AFDB7FD1C" box="[396,552,734,760]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" value="2014-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA9E870FFEB2F19FE1EFD5AFDB7FD1C" box="[396,552,734,760]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" value="2014-10">October 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FDA1FD5BFC8DFD1C" box="[563,786,734,761]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<collectorName id="26A6528EFFEB2F19FDA1FD5BFD5FFD1D" box="[563,704,735,761]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">E. Sérusiaux</collectorName>
|
||
M6-16
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED42AF9DFFEB2F19FCB3FD5AFCD3FD1C" box="[801,844,734,760]" country="Belgium" name="Université de Liège" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" type="Herbarium">LG</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFEB2F19FF2FFC86FB3FFC80" blockId="115.[136,1452,158,869]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
|
||
Non-genetically analysed specimen:—
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34477C8FFEB2F19FDFEFC86FD40FCF8" box="[620,735,770,796]" name="France" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4997F9BAFFEB2F19FD7AFC86FCD4FCF8" box="[744,843,770,796]" country="France" name="Reunion" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Réunion</collectingRegion>
|
||
: Saint-Benoît, Saint-François les Hauts, sentier Sainte-Marguerite, elev.
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB9ABDFFEB2F19FEDEFCA2FE0BFCA5" box="[332,404,806,833]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.85" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" unit="m" value="685.0">685 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FE0DFCA2FDB9FCA5" box="[415,550,806,833]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="15" seconds="57" value="-21.115833">21°06’57”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE67519FFFEB2F19FDA3FCA2FD25FCA5" box="[561,698,806,833]" degrees="55" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" precision="15" seconds="42" value="55.678333">55°40’42”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, in submontane
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FCFDFCA2FC40FCA4" box="[879,991,806,832]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FCFDFCA2FC40FCA4" box="[879,991,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Pandanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wet thicket, in an overall NE orientation, on bark of a branch of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C534CDBFFEB2F19FE15FCCEFDF4FC80" box="[391,619,842,868]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FE15FCCEFDF4FC80" box="[391,619,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Pandanus montanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFED1198FFEB2F19FDEBFCCEFCB2FC80" box="[633,813,842,868]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116" value="2012-08-28">28 August 2012</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FCAAFCCFFBBDFC80" box="[824,1058,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">D. Masson 974.4101</emphasis>
|
||
(Hb. DM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEC3758FFEB2F19FF1AFC48FD22FC02" blockId="115.[136,701,972,998]" box="[136,701,972,998]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927EB4AFFEB2F19FF1AFC48FD22FC02" bold="true" box="[136,701,972,998]" pageId="115" pageNumber="116">Erroneous, doubtful and problematic reports</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |