211 lines
26 KiB
XML
211 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="AE3765B7B62C776C457920A7DFEB512C" ID-CLB-Dataset="33727" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1308" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d6a55a29-30df-409c-9879-ecff3c19fbb2" ID-PMC="PMC3260909" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-139-45" ID-PubMed="22259309" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-139-45" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 139" ModsDocTitle="A review of Biston Leach, 1815 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae) from China, with description of one new species" checkinTime="1451249759556" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jiang, Nan, Xue, Dayong & Han, Hongxiang" docDate="2011" docId="A688215605D51FE5BDCF7BE256DE52ED" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 139: 45-96" docOrigin="ZooKeys 139" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1308" docTitle="Biston betularia Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="FFFD4129FFDEFF9C9A7DFF89F61DFFD3" masterDocTitle="A review of Biston Leach, 1815 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae) from China, with description of one new species" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="54" updateTime="1732688022153" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="AA0425D357200345954C6A03013167ED" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="E0FBF3A20148EF7380DADAF067D3E1C5">
|
||
<mods:title id="AA7FC8BA2E47449F4436B7624BBE3262">A review of Biston Leach, 1815 (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae) from China, with description of one new species</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="C7CE8BC4514121A4D6C0DD5E682CEB1E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="90A0730E29F3B9332C8B946C315113D8">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="8F371B03897CEBDC5AD8F30302DF831C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="D97F84BBAE00DAE1CEFFDF30375B9845">Jiang, Nan</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B245C50BF9CD1EB7986048216B5BAC6A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A2BA08D011B722157F3D964FAB26894F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="49C9B7615DC080EF438D7864EC5737A6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="93DCE8657E5430D2E8242335006E804F">Xue, Dayong</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="EB31166C879CA65D5FD2D35420848E77" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="35D9F412BBC121EB4B4CDF164D723AB4">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="23EC8D8D0C17CB9FB7F4F018033AA983">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="65A56CE3E0864D5AF8EA0BA5297611CD">Han, Hongxiang</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="DE674B3583BC2763C4F0E972BE15B249">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="CED7F5D019E712B8BD00B8A072BD36F3" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="3D9A71FF370B625460B9DB05588411E0">
|
||
<mods:title id="9B6016BE013C7AE33EE44F0FC0EF9522">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="BC3347D44A4526AEE1CB78DEAE4FED9B">
|
||
<mods:date id="C55EB9FC337FC1BE901CBB5388FE78E3">2011</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="9C44AC0ABDF5F8727C8EDA4052125292" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="B7FB4D4D20061919678B6EF237785FAF">139</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="F4979D8DD925C740078DD0B640A99108" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="2C636F6E437435C1C5F5B32BC64C8FA7">45</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="E889DA0CD24AEAD67F8664668A9088BE">96</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="6FCF532643E777AB00D6054C930658B4">
|
||
<mods:url id="D780DF26CBE97B33E84B4EA7583CE726">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1308</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="7F9F40D7A348BE4B708C75CD7A7F2012">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="90F3D6A179E4355C67738BE5EE619879" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.139.1308</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A893DF93FCE33A0D3ED8432E7F029730" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-139-45</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="A688215605D51FE5BDCF7BE256DE52ED" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152031630" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A688215605D51FE5BDCF7BE256DE52ED" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A688215605D51FE5BDCF7BE256DE52ED" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" scope_family="Geometridae" scope_order="Lepidoptera" scope_subFamily="Ennominae">
|
||
<subSubSection id="AD4342FA60DC51EFC542090B5120DBA4" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="4E37D8F02AE9B91CA5D77BA7EB4F8936" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00036C32E50036096351CD2692E81B7D" ID-CoL="LX46" LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Biston_betularia" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betularia">Biston betularia (Linnaeus, 1758)</taxonomicName>
|
||
Figs 13-1873, 74100, 101119, 120
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="516B2A82F535C9A1205C00DF064CF8B3" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="F5F6EC350D878D7D5FC69A64839E7AF2" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60110DD00081B531E1FFE50879C51379" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phalaena (Geometra) betularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betularia" subGenus="Geometra">Phalaena(Geometra) betularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="61DC031F4AFD05E864E77B38AFFB6F23" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Syst. Nat., (Ed. 10) 1: 521. Syntype(s), Europe. (LSL)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F44B6F9905A1B3512104CE85ABD5E52" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FEA9E0E135A55F4447B4B627FAE472AA" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phalaena (Noctua) p-graecum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="p-graecum" subGenus="Noctua">Phalaena (Noctua) p-graecum</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BB684FC649E8B55FCE2399417C7CC5A1" author="Poda, N" journalOrPublisher="Widmanstad, Graecii" pageId="30" pageNumber="75" title="Insecta Musei Graecensis, quae in ordines, genera et species juxta systema naturae Caroli Linnaei." year="1761">Poda, 1761</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Insecta Musei Graecensis: 90. Syntype(s). (Synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F6596CB70BA13CF7EA08977EA43C4E6" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Wehrli (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2883C92DC3FC8A04A0B4534A4AE3219A" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1F113236E1C7701D82F86F5C7CDF3F59" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phalaena marmoraria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marmoraria">? marmoraria</taxonomicName>
|
||
Sepp, 1792, Nederlandsche Insecten, 2: pl. 10, pl. 11, Syntype(s), Netherlands. (Treated as a synonym of Biston betularia betularia by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="622C364A9B9BBCBA144E2CE52631C021" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Parsons et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AF12CA00FBAFBE2C8290A0B70CA10A00" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="686E2C5B958AB3F123B6A5DE6BCDE3A3" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Phalaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phalaena (Geometra) ulmaria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ulmaria" subGenus="Geometra">Phalaena (Geometra) ulmaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2296D10656BC05852E6A7CCC1DE384AE" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Borkhausen, 1794</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Natur. eur. Schmett., 5: 181. Syntype(s), Europe. (Treated as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9B9A7B84CD8138C0716D621AC14B6EF" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia subsp. betularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="betularia" subSpecies="betularia">Biston betularia betularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="17072D9A15A2E04D266155FE9BB6E564" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Parsons et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="09C7F5CFEE660C7FDE26DCF58D1F3611" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D96B96039791E56A81D52387012E0BAE" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Eubyja" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eubyja betularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betularia">Eubyja betularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F588241B81728163B7557537DA8E8C2A" author="Huebner, J" journalOrPublisher="J. Huebner, Augsburg" pageId="30" pageNumber="75" title="Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge." year="1825">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="9D47DD63A6FF1D0985EFCAE1576E2F6E" originalValue="Hübner">Huebner</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1825
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Verz. bekannter Schmett.: 318.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="68D5B1F1F7382792F54F9834EFAA08FD" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F40B74223D20801473F52E934255664F" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Amphidasis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphidasis huberaria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huberaria">Amphidasis huberaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
Ballion, 1866, Horae Soc. ent. ross., 4: 29, pl. 1, fig. 1. Syntype(s), Russia: Western Siberia, near Omsk. (ZISP) (Synonymized by Vijdalepp, (1979))
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F5CC80FBD6D4496C15351E20B223DDFB" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="446B546B6B06904B0967CBBF3E7FBB5C" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Amphidasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Amphidasys betularia var. doubledayaria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="betularia" variety="doubledayaria">Amphidasys betularia var. doubledayaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5EB78618F937A6AA356A376A2D6DECEF" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F6253F8F9924E9759D6268721F4BF55B" originalValue="Millière">Milliere</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1870
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Iconogr. Descr. Chenilles
|
||
<normalizedToken id="8771C47537EB354A7AB251947B3EB7AB" originalValue="Lépid">Lepid</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FAAC280F04568DE0DCD13CA7D5B393ED" originalValue="inédits">inedits</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 3: 117, pl. 111, fig. 1. Syntypes, including at least 3♂, 4♀, England. (Synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="98B35E7B56B557379F3C45B4AC0188D3" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Wehrli (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2944381927D2121D65FDC3F2BD8CA10F" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DD0D9CDCA4310160A6CF3E78E7E04B5" genus="Eurbyjodonta" lsidName="Eurbyjodonta concinna" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" rank="species" species="concinna">Eurbyjodonta concinna</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="78D53723E5C2A8D70CD4AC127FF6CADB" author="Warren, W" journalOrPublisher="Novitates Zoologicae" pageId="30" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 66" title="New species and genera of the families Drepanulidae, Thyrididae, Uraniidae, Epiplemidae, and Geometridae from the Old-World Regions." volume="6" year="1899">Warren, 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Novit. zool., 6: 50. Holotype ♂, Kazakhstan?: Ili district. (BMNH) (Synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="807343CD97D559D0257459868110C45C" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Wehrli (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="81E7C7276FD63A3E9C52705B8ADD317B" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CF015CD2B027D992858817B054175852" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betularia">Biston betularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FA810F60899DC52CE7031E489181D916" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Prout, 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in Seitz, Macrolepid. World, 4: 358, pl. 19: g.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18793A18461C32680CB984AF5801DD31" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="07969ECA976C8A03904929FF756F7E2D" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston cognataria subsp. alexandrina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cognataria" subSpecies="alexandrina">Biston cognataria alexandrina</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E861DCBA7F3FD1D3D9206832D5120177" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Wehrli, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde, 4 (Suppl.): 432, pl. 36: a. Syntypes 4♂, Kirghizstan: Alexander Mountains. (ZFMK) (Treated as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2777B59D856B31CD1A01AD0944D5C5F3" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia subsp. betularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="betularia" subSpecies="betularia">Biston betularia betularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BFAFCDAB31571169110B5C89302F0064" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Parsons et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="993AD3C6FB9E8A510F308A0925C3A3A9" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2AB23EB12CE72D6B0C2054DA3CAA11D1" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston (Eubyjodonta) huberaria subsp. tienschana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="huberaria" subGenus="Eubyjodonta" subSpecies="tienschana">Biston (Eubyjodonta) huberaria tienschana</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C1220C635EEE5730CBAAF57AAE7D72FA" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Wehrli, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde, 4 (Suppl.): 435, pl. 36: d, g. Holotype ♂, China: Xinjiang,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="70AA6817137AB10177CB9F456C7079E0" originalValue="Ürümqi">Ueruemqi</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Tian-shan. (ZFMK) (Treated as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13FC306194C1905F598EC8623B0ACF0E" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston huberaria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huberaria">Biston huberaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0A0A9E3B1F35B7FD60C3E3672AC0474F" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Parsons et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D44E1D13C28AF3AE233402AA04D40CB8" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3D45139D247A35B16EFDA244E0EF02F" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston cognataria subsp. sinitibetica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cognataria" subSpecies="sinitibetica">Biston cognataria sinitibetica</taxonomicName>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F7FA8E23846D5376DC918C1E558A994" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Wehrli, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde, 4 (Suppl.): 433, pl. 36: a. Syntypes ♂, ♀, China (west): Kangding. (ZFMK) (Treated as a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7EC918E79BFBF7100C74AA0CD2F63296" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia subsp. parva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="betularia" subSpecies="parva">Biston betularia parva</taxonomicName>
|
||
Leech, 1897 by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EE6BD6A41EE3C1F2B60B03789F7AD26B" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Parsons et al. (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="640C7BE563369D2671118A368762B74F" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="05D641E4D1C1F5806AE55E9E20793AE2" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B02406553F74601DEA81A3245DC2E50" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">See the previous species.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BA5BDDDBF73CCECDC49A4D335FBECB54" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" type="material examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4BB6DDA62E5C377A4EE8C8C35BDC2710" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">Material examineds.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5156B96AA63A99A878F002A9EBA243AE" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="9" pageNumber="54">
|
||
CHINA, Xinjiang (ZFMK): Urumtschi, Tian-schan, 1♂ (Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E4D326DE2B1B0FA2DF71F98DD0F1DE6" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston huberaria subsp. tienschana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="huberaria" subSpecies="tienschana">Biston huberaria tienschana</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Szetschwan [Sichuan] (ZFMK): Tachien-lu [Kangding], 1♂ (Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5ECB481818AE2D59CC58711AA33B5347" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston cognataria subsp. sinitibetica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cognataria" subSpecies="sinitibetica">Biston cognataria sinitibetica</taxonomicName>
|
||
Wehrli, 1941). Heilongjiang
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="1767007EFA7764910A1D740563A43E60" pageId="10" pageNumber="55" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
|
||
IZCAS): Dailing, 390 m, 3-9.VII.1962, coll. Bai Jiuwei, 3♂; Jiamusi, 23.VIII.1970, coll. Song Shimei, 1♂; Wuchang, 8-10.VII.1970, 2♂2♀. Jilin (IZCAS): Changbaishan, 2-13.VII.1982, coll. Zhang Baolin, 10♂2♀; Beipiao, 1984, coll. Liu Jin, 1♂. Inner Mongolia (IZCAS): Wuchagou, 21.VII.1981, 1♂; Jiwen, 15-27.VII.1982, 1♂1♀; Genhe, 4.VII.1983, 1♂1♀; Xilin Gol, 1100 m, 21.VII.1985, coll. Liu Dajun, 2♂; Oragxan, 4.VII.1983, 1♀; Oragxan, 27.VI.1985, coll. Xue Dayong, 1♂; Chen Barag, Bayan Hure, 2-3.VII.1986, 1♂1♀; Oroqen, Alihe, 31.VII.1986, coll. Gong Yushan, 1♂; Dayangshu, 20-23.VI.1983, coll. Xue Dayong, 2♂1♀. Beijing (IZCAS): Sanpu, 16.VII.1965, 1♂; Baihuashan, 16.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="A4794365472DAAD7A80B1C278C6DA9A3" originalValue="VII–">VII-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.VIII.1972, coll. Han Yinheng and Zhang Baolin, 8♂; Mentougou, Xiaolongmen, 1100 m, 23.VI.2001, coll. Xue Dayong, 1♂; Mentougou, Liyuanling, 1100 m, 11-12.VIII.2004, coll. Li Hongmei, 1♂. Hebei (IZCAS): Chengde, 11.VI.1980, 2♂; Chicheng, Longmensuo, Liuzhuangzi, 10-11.VIII.2006, coll. Yang Chao, 1♂1♀. Shanxi (IZCAS):Yuncheng, Zhongtiaoshan, coll. Cao Tianwen, 4♂. Henan (IZCAS): Linxian, 1981, 1♂; Lingbao, Chuankou, 20.VII.1981, 1♂. Shaanxi (IZCAS): Huangbaiyuan, 13.VII.1980, coll. Zhang Baolin, 1♂;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="350A361C5A0184CA46071E6F9ACC5405" originalValue="Yan’an">Yan'an</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 5.VI.1981, 3♂2♀; Taibai, 3.VII.1981, 1♀; Liuba, 1020 m, 18.VII.1998, coll. Zhang Xuezhong, 2♂. Ningxia (IZCAS): Jingyuan, 1998-2295 m, 25.VI.-10.VII.2008, coll. Song Wenhui, 32♂1♀; Longde, 2165-2330 m, 3-5.VII.2008, coll. Song Wenhui, 11♂2♀. Gansu (IZCAS): Yongdeng, Liancheng Linchang, 20.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="006C33EBF2189BA9BD2986F5E14A15EF" originalValue="VII–">VII-</normalizedToken>
|
||
15.VIII.1985, coll. Meng Feng, 2♂; Yongdeng, Tulugou, 2280 m, 25-29.VII.1991, coll. Xue Dayong, 1♂3♀; Yongdeng, Liancheng Linchang, Tulugou, 2600 m, 8.VIII.2005, coll. Li Jing and Han Hongxiang, 2♂; Zhuoni, 2500 m, 4.IX.1990, coll. Xue Dayong, 1♂; Kangxian, Baiyunshan, 1250-1750 m, 12.VII.1998, coll. Yao Jian, 1♂; Zhouqu, Shatan Linchang, 2350 m, 4-5.VII.1998, coll. Wang Hongjian and Wang Shuyong, 18♂2♀; Zhouqu, Shatan Linchang, 2357 m, 22.VIII.2001, coll. Cao Xiuwen, 1♂; Diebu, Anzigou, 20.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="96819A40758C97B41323A0F1709DD487" originalValue="VI–">VI-</normalizedToken>
|
||
20.VII.2000, 4♂; Dangchang, 1800 m, 7.VII.1998, coll. Yao Jian, 3♂; Wenxian, Qiujiaba, 2350 m, 7-22.VII.1999, coll. Yao Jian, 3♂1♀; Wenxian, Tielou, 1450 m, 24.VII.1999, coll. Zhu Chaodong, 8♂. Qinghai (IZCAS): Menyuan, Xianmi, 2800 m, 23-24.VII.1992, coll. Xue Dayong, 1♂5♀; Huanglin, 17.VII.1977, coll. Zhang Baolin, 1♂; Huzhu, Beishan, 2300 m, 30.VII.1991, coll. Xue Dayong, 1♂; Huzhu, Beishan Linchang, Langshidang, 2600 m, 6-7.VIII.2005, coll. Xue Dayong, 4♂3♀; Tongren, Maixiu, 2950 m, 30.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B23F2D21ED7414CB6CB7AA131F2B159B" originalValue="VII–">VII-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.VIII.1992, coll. Xue Dayong, 14♂2♀; Xining, 6.VII.1981, 1♀. Xinjiang (IZCAS):
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E535A5AD6EAED91490B7F3A56648E49B" originalValue="Ürümqi">Ueruemqi</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 21.VI.1965, 2♂;
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FD9748E9F73D2D521E42C171E0A4E05F" originalValue="Ürümqi">Ueruemqi</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1974.VI.22, coll. Chen Yixin, 1♂; Aksu, 19.VII.1982, 1♂. Fujian (IZCAS): Mt. Wuyi, Sangang, 5-9.VI.1983, coll. Wang Linyao, 4♂. Sichuan (IZCAS): Batang, 1974, 8♂; Mt. Emei, Qingyinge, 800-1000 m, 1.V.1957, coll. Huang Keren, 1♂; Kangding, 30.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0D6C61E991A89C293D8FF17ECE68C8F0" originalValue="VI–">VI-</normalizedToken>
|
||
6.VII.1979, coll. Chen Tailu, 8♂1♀. Yunnan (IZCAS): Deqin, 3250 m, 15.VII.1982, coll. Wang Shuyong, 2♂; Xiaozhongdian, 3100 m, 31.VII.1984, coll. Chen Yixin, 1♀; Lijiang, Shiyan Linchang, 2460 m, V.1979, 1♂; Lijiang, Yulongshan, 2700-2850 m, 17-27.VII.1984, coll. Chen Yixin and Liu Dayun, 4♂1♀; Lijiang, Yuhu, 2700 m, 27.VII.1984, coll. Liu Dayun, 1♂; Lijiang, Gaoshan Zhiwuyuan, 3260 m, 15-18.VI.2009, coll. Qi Feng, 1♂; Cuishan, Shatanshao, 2300 m, 13.VIII.1980, 1♂; Kunming, Jinzhusi, 1880 m, 15.VIII.1980, 1♂; Yongping, Beidou, Qianmatang, 2200
|
||
<pageBreakToken id="0053B0056B2AE040801A9C861D22A5B8" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" start="start">m</pageBreakToken>
|
||
, 10.VIII.1980, 1♂. Tibet (IZCAS): Qamdo, 19.VIII.1984, coll. Jiang Basang, 1♀; Markam, Pula, 23.VII.1984, coll. Jiang Basang, 2♂; Nyingchi, Shang
|
||
<normalizedToken id="0B3360A73991292531EBED4A22AF7913" originalValue="Zayü">Zayue</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1960 m, 21-23.VIII.2005, coll. Wang Xuejian, 6♂; Nyingchi, Bayi, 2999 m, 1-3.VIII.2006, coll. Lang Songyun, 2♀; Mainling, Pai, Zhuanyunzhan, 2883 m, 4-6.VIII.2006, coll. Lang Songyun, 1♀; Yadong, 2800 m, 8.VI.1961, coll. Wang Linyao, 1♂; Yadong, 14.VI.1983, coll. Wangjia Tsering, 1♀. MONGOLIA (IZCAS): Batshireet, Hentiy, 1108 m, 29.VI.2009, coll. Chen Fuqiang, 20♂; Binder, Henity, 1032 m, 29.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F4CDD7270087DB859DA48AA9EF6B759C" originalValue="VI–">VI-</normalizedToken>
|
||
1.VII.2009, coll. Chen Fuqiang, 20♂5♀; Dadal, Hentiy, 944 m, 2.VII.2009, coll. Chen Fuqiang, 10♂; Choybalsan, Dornod, 733 m, 6.VII.2009, coll. Chen Fuqiang, 2♂. More material from Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, and Yunnan in coll. ZFMK.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D18EAD164E708516606D7CC1BD945A9D" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D5049CEAE962506E1D7E13063B4164BE" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="13A0C66789A6E938066D4C9A06EC97A7" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet), Russia, Mongolia, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Nepal, Kazakhstan, Kirghizstan, Turkmenistan, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Europe, North America.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="325A181167BA813B1DF60A0E6B9BAF09" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph id="E434CE11F979C3A1B0C63235B1174ED1" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1627E54E29CFCDE67049A0A31618841F" pageId="11" pageNumber="56">
|
||
There are two subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A0CC89B2AA6700B16E8FCC5F72BA408" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="betularia">Biston betularia</taxonomicName>
|
||
distributed in China, they are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5575E4FAD601312BDABCC692B74BA531" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia subsp. parva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="betularia" subSpecies="parva">Biston betularia parva</taxonomicName>
|
||
Leech, 1897 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B97811EFD351D55A33B625C43F2D5138" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston robustum" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robustum">Biston robustum</taxonomicName>
|
||
var. parva Leech, 1897, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (6) 19: 323. Syntypes 1♂, 2♀, China: Kangding. (BMNH)) (Figs 13-16, 73, 100, 119) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8875FAECF5FC61DEBA3B48B1283FEAF8" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia subsp. nepalensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="betularia" subSpecies="nepalensis">Biston betularia nepalensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Inoue, 1982 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6EC4F6D18A13DCB823315FB0E860269D" class="Insecta" family="Geometridae" genus="Biston" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Biston betularia subsp. nepalensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="betularia" subSpecies="nepalensis">Biston betularia nepalensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Inoue, 1982, Bull. Fac. domest. Sci. Otsuma Wom. Univ., 18: 175, figs 40a, b. Holotype ♂, Nepal: Tukcha, near Daulagiri. (BMNH)) (Figs 17-18, 74, 101, 120). In China, the former is widely distributed in the greater part of the country, the latter is distributed in Yunnan and Tibet, and can be distinguished from the former by the weaker transverse lines and the blunter projections of the postmedian lines on both wings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |