treatments-xml/data/02/75/87/027587C9BD6A3030FD5C19994F68E081.xml

<document id="EA828AB81C5CD38A1009761FB009C776" ID-CLB-Dataset="3916" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3879.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4b976ba3-1a7b-4dd5-8afb-630b7cc8a695" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4949051" ID-ZooBank="6423894B-97D9-4286-ABB9-D4AF072B57FD" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623702926238" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Borkent, Art" docDate="2014" docId="027587C9BD6A3030FD5C19994F68E081" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03879p327.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3879 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Monohelea Kieffer" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="71" masterDocId="FE4CFFB1BD2E3076FFF81A154D70E204" masterDocTitle="The Pupae of the Biting Midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), With a Generic Key and Analysis of the Phylogenetic Relationships Between Genera" masterLastPageNumber="327" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="69" updateTime="1699015668130" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="D7C86C411C39ECF6B39F044C55A0BC14" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="6B23A1D539CE2A175762CF4272A9C4D4">
<mods:title id="68174E26B46FA049EC4EE1EECF9E19F8">The Pupae of the Biting Midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), With a Generic Key and Analysis of the Phylogenetic Relationships Between Genera</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A1F384511AAF73A5F18F248C7720F246" type="personal">
<mods:role id="446B082D2BB70E00973FC09850112169">
<mods:roleTerm id="4158B1E9FCB339290B16C8259C6A3DC6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3E0DFDB3E902C7E6284733777312E07C">Borkent, Art</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="622AE66B4CF7998AFEE20205182B767A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="18DD48B06C44AC3F0A6B0E454C9A45E5" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="2CEAB1B52E70A2427A95EDE74AAEBF37">
<mods:title id="A702ABAD8CEB96B5A4430A522B37EDD5">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7D2B4FD7A7A05ECF8C42F7A0DB7DE001">
<mods:date id="714E2452761D5C818058F261A1CA2A62">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="742F125EF4A6D7DEDEA456D56B913F93" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="81578FA77DD66CDB7E6CD67CC55E306C">2014-10-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="2FBEEBBFBAA27B3BA8C32B1B6A0F8DED" type="volume">
<mods:number id="224210ED33D4AEB132BF089FCC119211">3879</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1A28EDE6196AA59016111975D89968E1" type="issue">
<mods:number id="AD442C244557749ED844E3497A126F98">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="8880CCEBD89946D52BF88C3B0C3C83A8" unit="page">
<mods:start id="B6D8C52F12B3A0277ACA9AF909B507ED">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="9C0DB6EB2CE6DA9771DCF662B7E71A78">327</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="31A374A013C04D3C3E179B857B959196">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9BE91203D2E12CF7E098BB2CCD7DBB21" type="CLB-Dataset">3916</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5C16E321680F9EFCE6FC32567BD08530" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3879.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3BD8F16F7BEFA570DE619B340277ABAD" type="GBIF-Dataset">4b976ba3-1a7b-4dd5-8afb-630b7cc8a695</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8DBA1C8E300086BD0B5A86944957C276" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="855552CFCAAE10634C2DC7E705207803" type="Zenodo-Dep">4949051</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="39350BA38BA49E5B8E1B20264C4B38C0" type="ZooBank">6423894B-97D9-4286-ABB9-D4AF072B57FD</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="027587C9BD6A3030FD5C19994F68E081" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5593001" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189161035" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5593001" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:027587C9BD6A3030FD5C19994F68E081" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/027587C9BD6A3030FD5C19994F68E081" lastPageId="70" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<subSubSection id="C2C66554BD6A3032FD5C19994EFDE1A2" box="[676,909,908,934]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD6A3032FD5C19994EFDE1A2" blockId="68.[516,1071,908,967]" box="[676,909,908,934]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6A3032FD5C19994EFDE1A2" ID-CoL="63CTL" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" box="[676,909,908,934]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6A3032FD5C19994EFDE1A2" bold="true" box="[676,909,908,934]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6A3032FD5C19994E5DE1A2" bold="true" box="[676,813,908,934]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Monohelea</emphasis>
Kieffer
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2C66554BD6A3032FDFC19BB495FE1C3" box="[516,1071,942,967]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="description">
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD6A3032FDFC19BB495FE1C3" blockId="68.[516,1071,908,967]" box="[516,1071,942,967]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
(
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FDF419BB4F03E1C3" box="[524,627,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="265.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,189,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-141@265.[151,1436,177,1819]" captionTargetPageId="265" captionText="FIGURE 20. Dorsal apotomes, anterior view. A. Stilobezzia soror (from Mayer 1934c). B. Stilobezzia lutea (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). C. Stilobezzia antennalis (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). D. Stilobezzia pallidiventris (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). E. Schizonyxhelea forattinii (from Borkent 2000a). F. Schizonyxhelea bulla (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, modified). G. Serromyia sp.. H. Allohelea japonica. I. Monohelea obscura. J. Atyphohelea macroneura (from Borkent 1998). K. Parabezzia alexanderi male (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a, modified). L. Parabezzia alexanderi female (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a, modified). M. Clinohelea dryas (from Elson-Harris &amp; Kettle 1986). N. Clinohelea tasmaniensis (from Elson-Harris &amp; Kettle 1986). O. Heteromyia wokei (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1977, modified). P. Pellucidomyia leei (from Elson-Harris &amp; Kettle 1986)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949134/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs. 20I</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FD8719BB4FDBE1C3" box="[639,683,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="270.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[178,1389,211,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-73@270.[177,1396,206,1927]" captionTargetPageId="270" captionText="FIGURE 25. Posterior portion of heads, in ventral view. A. Stilobezzia antennalis. B. Stilobezzia rabelloi (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). C. Schizonyxhelea bulla. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica. F. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). G. Atyphohelea macroneura. H. Parabezzia huberti." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949154/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">25F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FD4E19BB4F97E1C3" box="[694,743,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="275.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,193,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-119@275.[161,1426,193,1813]" captionTargetPageId="275" captionText="FIGURE 30. Dorsal setae from left side of thoraces. A. Serromyia sp. B. Allohelea japonica. C. Monohelea obscura. D. Atyphohelea macroneura. E. Parabezzia huberti. F. Echinohelea lanei. G. Clinohelea curriei. H. Heteromyia clavata. I. Pellucidomyia leei. J. Dibezzia debenhamae (dirty specimen, D-5-T perhaps broken setal socket). K. Hebetula tonnoiri. L. Jenkinshelea magnipennis. M. Macropeza natalensis. N. Mallochohelea caudellii. O. Probezzia sabroskyi. P. Neobezzia fittkaui (from Ronderos et al. 2011, modified). Q. Nilobezzia curticornis. R. Johannsenomyia argentata. S. Lanatomyia miles. T. Anebomyia atripes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949174/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">30C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FD0B19BB4E6FE1C3" box="[755,799,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="281.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[191,1380,204,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-61@281.[183,1402,204,1925]" captionTargetPageId="281" captionText="FIGURE 36. Legs, wings and apices of the antennae, in ventral view. A. Stilobezzia antennalis. B. Stilobezzia lutea. C. Schizonyxhelea forattinii. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica (reconstructed from distorted specimen). F. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949190/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">36F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FCD219BB4E25E1C3" box="[810,853,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="289.[151,250,1730,1752]" captionTargetBox="[238,1376,198,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-184@289.[205,1387,192,1716]" captionTargetPageId="289" captionText="FIGURE 44. Respiratory organs, in dorsal view, pattern on tracheal tubes shown only in some. A. Alluaudomyia latipennis (from Debenham 1971). B. Alluaudomyia footei (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). C. Baeodasymyia christopheri (from Borkent &amp; Craig 1999). D. Austrohelea campbellensis. E. Stilobezzia antennalis (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, modified). F. Stilobezzia glauca (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). G. Stilobezzia ochracea (from Kettle &amp; Lawson 1952). H. Stilobezzia diversa (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). I. Stilobezzia rabelloi (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). J. Stilobezzia navaiae (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). K. Stilobezzia lutea (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). L. Schizonyxhelea bulla (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, as a Stilobezzia). M. Schizonyxhelea forattinii (from Borkent 2000a). N. Serromyia femorata (from Kettle &amp; Lawson 1952). O. Allohelea japonica. P.Monohelea hirsuta (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, modified). Q. Atyphohelea macroneura (from Borkent 1998). R. Parabezzia alexanderi (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a). S. Parabezzia huberti (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a). T. Echinohelea lanei (from Wirth 1994b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949208" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949208/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">44P</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FC9919BB4EFDE1C3" box="[865,909,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="294.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[190,1406,216,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-60@294.[181,1412,210,1949]" captionTargetPageId="294" captionText="FIGURE 49. Metathoraces and tergites 1, in dorsal view. A. Austrohelea campbellensis. B. Stilobezzia antennalis. C. Schizonyxhelea forattinii. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica. F. Monohelea obscura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949224/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">49F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FC6019BB4E99E1C3" box="[920,1001,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="306.[151,250,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,219,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-59@306.[181,1412,213,1952]" captionTargetPageId="306" captionText="FIGURE 61. Abdominal segments four, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). A. Allohelea japonica (reconstructed from distorted specimen). B. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). C. Monohelea hirsuta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949268/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">61B–C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FC0D19BB4957E1C3" box="[1013,1063,942,967]" captionStart="FIGURE 74" captionStartId="319.[151,250,1737,1759]" captionTargetBox="[224,1348,183,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-195@319.[222,1356,183,1717]" captionTargetPageId="319" captionText="FIGURE 74. Abdominal segments 9. A. Baeodasymyia michaeli, female, in dorsal view (modified from Borkent &amp; Craig 1999). B. Austrohelea campbellensis, female, in dorsal and ventral view (reconstructed from distorted specimen, shagreen not shown). C. Stilobezzia lutea, male, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). D. Stilobezzia lutea, female, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). E. Stilobezzia rabelloi, male, in ventral view (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). F. Schizonyxhelea bulla, female, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). G. Schizonyxhelea forattinii, female, in ventral view (from Borkent 2000a). H. Serromyia sp., female (in dorsal and ventral view (reconstructed from distorted specimen, shagreen not shown). I. Allohelea japonica, female, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). J. Monohelea obscura, male, in dorsal and ventral view (reconstructed from distorted specimen, shagreen not shown). K. Atyphohelea macroneura, female, in dorsal view (from Borkent 1998). L. Parabezzia huberti, male, in ventral view (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949316/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">74H</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2C66554BD6A3032FF3F19E34947E653" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD6A3032FF3F19E34947E653" blockId="68.[151,1437,1014,2011]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6A3032FF3F19E34C14E60B" bold="true" box="[199,356,1014,1039]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">DIAGNOSIS</emphasis>
: Only pupa of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6A3032FDD819E34FAFE60B" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[544,735,1014,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ceratopogonidae</taxonomicName>
with the mesonotum with at least one moderately elongate tubercle bearing some sensilla (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FE001E0F4F2FE637" box="[504,607,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="275.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,193,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-119@275.[161,1426,193,1813]" captionTargetPageId="275" captionText="FIGURE 30. Dorsal setae from left side of thoraces. A. Serromyia sp. B. Allohelea japonica. C. Monohelea obscura. D. Atyphohelea macroneura. E. Parabezzia huberti. F. Echinohelea lanei. G. Clinohelea curriei. H. Heteromyia clavata. I. Pellucidomyia leei. J. Dibezzia debenhamae (dirty specimen, D-5-T perhaps broken setal socket). K. Hebetula tonnoiri. L. Jenkinshelea magnipennis. M. Macropeza natalensis. N. Mallochohelea caudellii. O. Probezzia sabroskyi. P. Neobezzia fittkaui (from Ronderos et al. 2011, modified). Q. Nilobezzia curticornis. R. Johannsenomyia argentata. S. Lanatomyia miles. T. Anebomyia atripes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949174/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 30C</figureCitation>
), with three ventral setae (V-5-IV, V-6-IV, V-7-IV) on very short tubercles (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FF671E2B4D89E653" box="[159,249,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="306.[151,250,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,219,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-59@306.[181,1412,213,1952]" captionTargetPageId="306" captionText="FIGURE 61. Abdominal segments four, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). A. Allohelea japonica (reconstructed from distorted specimen). B. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). C. Monohelea hirsuta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949268/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs. 61</figureCitation>
B-C) and the respiratory organ with pores restricted to its apex (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FC3E1E2B495BE653" box="[966,1067,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="289.[151,250,1730,1752]" captionTargetBox="[238,1376,198,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-184@289.[205,1387,192,1716]" captionTargetPageId="289" captionText="FIGURE 44. Respiratory organs, in dorsal view, pattern on tracheal tubes shown only in some. A. Alluaudomyia latipennis (from Debenham 1971). B. Alluaudomyia footei (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). C. Baeodasymyia christopheri (from Borkent &amp; Craig 1999). D. Austrohelea campbellensis. E. Stilobezzia antennalis (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, modified). F. Stilobezzia glauca (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). G. Stilobezzia ochracea (from Kettle &amp; Lawson 1952). H. Stilobezzia diversa (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). I. Stilobezzia rabelloi (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). J. Stilobezzia navaiae (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). K. Stilobezzia lutea (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). L. Schizonyxhelea bulla (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, as a Stilobezzia). M. Schizonyxhelea forattinii (from Borkent 2000a). N. Serromyia femorata (from Kettle &amp; Lawson 1952). O. Allohelea japonica. P.Monohelea hirsuta (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, modified). Q. Atyphohelea macroneura (from Borkent 1998). R. Parabezzia alexanderi (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a). S. Parabezzia huberti (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a). T. Echinohelea lanei (from Wirth 1994b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949208" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949208/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 44P</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2C66554BD6A3033FF3F1E774EFDE0AC" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" type="description">
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD6A3033FF3F1E774EFDE0AC" blockId="68.[151,1437,1014,2011]" lastBlockId="69.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6A3032FF3F1E774CFAE67F" bold="true" box="[199,394,1122,1147]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">DESCRIPTION</emphasis>
: Total length = 
<quantity id="4D249B3ABD6A3032FDBD1E774F9DE67E" box="[581,749,1122,1147]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.235" metricValueMax="2.38" metricValueMin="2.09" pageId="68" pageNumber="69" unit="mm" value="2.235" valueMax="2.38" valueMin="2.09">2.09–2.38 mm</quantity>
. Without larval exuviae retained on abdomen. Exuviae with flagellum appressed against lateral margin of face, midleg, wing (as in 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FC441E93495EE69B" box="[956,1070,1158,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="260.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[165,1428,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-103@260.[165,1429,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURE 15. Anterior portion of heads. A. Culicoides denticulatus, in anteroventral view. B. Ceratopogon nr. abstrusus, in anterior view. C. Brachypogon sp., in anterior view (from 6 km E. Falkland, BC, Canada). D. Stilobezzia antennalis, in ventral view, dorsal apotome not present. E. Allohelea japonica, in ventral view, dorsal apotome not present (distorted slide specimen). F. Atyphohelea macroneura, in ventral view, right side of head, dorsal apotome not present." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949112/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs. 15D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FBC21E93491CE69B" box="[1082,1132,1158,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="278.[151,250,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[176,1420,177,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-110@278.[176,1420,177,1860]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURE 33. Cephalothoraces and abdominal segments 1–3, in lateral view. A. Parabezzia sp. (5 km. E. Danby, Vermont, USA). B. Clinohelea curriei. C. Pellucidomyia leei. D. Hebetula tonnoiri. E. Jenkinshelea sp. (from Ottawa, ON, Canada). F. Mallochohelea caudellii. G. Probezzia seminigra. H. Nilobezzia sp. (from Kruger NP, South Africa). I. Sphaeromias longipennis. J. Bezzia sp. (6 km E. Salmon Arm, BC, Canada) K. Palpomyia sp. (Black Lake, Quebec, Canada). L. Phaenobezzia sp. (from Skulsuza, South Africa)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949184" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949184/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">33B</figureCitation>
). Ecdysial tear posterior to base of antenna or just medial to base (as in 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FD4D1EBF4E5BE6C7" box="[693,811,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="260.[151,250,1905,1927]" captionTargetBox="[165,1428,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-103@260.[165,1429,181,1891]" captionTargetPageId="260" captionText="FIGURE 15. Anterior portion of heads. A. Culicoides denticulatus, in anteroventral view. B. Ceratopogon nr. abstrusus, in anterior view. C. Brachypogon sp., in anterior view (from 6 km E. Falkland, BC, Canada). D. Stilobezzia antennalis, in ventral view, dorsal apotome not present. E. Allohelea japonica, in ventral view, dorsal apotome not present (distorted slide specimen). F. Atyphohelea macroneura, in ventral view, right side of head, dorsal apotome not present." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949112/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Figs. 15D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FCC31EBF4EE2E6C7" box="[827,914,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURE 79" captionStartId="324.[151,250,1861,1883]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,201,1846]" captionTargetId="figure-148@324.[184,1406,195,1847]" captionTargetPageId="324" captionText="FIGURE 79. Evolution of ecdysial sutures and splits in pupal exuviae of Ceratopogonidae, head and anterior portion of thorax in ventral view. Numbers refer to character states of characters 2 and 8 in text. Red indicates ecdysial splits. A. Leptoconopinae. B. Forcipomyiinae. C. Dasyheleinae. D. Most Ceratopogonini. E. Most Ceratopogonini, Clinohelea. F. Allohelea, Atyphohelea, Parabezzia. G. Heteromyia, Pellucidomyia, Hebetula. H. most Sphaeromiini s. lat., most Palpomyiini, Paryphoconus; some Bezzia are nearly completed fused (as in Fig. 79I), with only the dorsal apotome separate, along with an ecdysial split along the base of the antenna and the dorsal thoracic split. I. Jenkinshelea, Macropeza, Mallochohelea, Probezzia, Neobezzia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949336" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949336/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">79D, E</figureCitation>
); along prothoracic extension. 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6A3032FB061EBF484EE6C7" bold="true" box="[1278,1342,1194,1219]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Head</emphasis>
: Dorsal apotome (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FEF61EDB4C02E6E3" box="[270,370,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="265.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,189,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-141@265.[151,1436,177,1819]" captionTargetPageId="265" captionText="FIGURE 20. Dorsal apotomes, anterior view. A. Stilobezzia soror (from Mayer 1934c). B. Stilobezzia lutea (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). C. Stilobezzia antennalis (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). D. Stilobezzia pallidiventris (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). E. Schizonyxhelea forattinii (from Borkent 2000a). F. Schizonyxhelea bulla (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, modified). G. Serromyia sp.. H. Allohelea japonica. I. Monohelea obscura. J. Atyphohelea macroneura (from Borkent 1998). K. Parabezzia alexanderi male (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a, modified). L. Parabezzia alexanderi female (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a, modified). M. Clinohelea dryas (from Elson-Harris &amp; Kettle 1986). N. Clinohelea tasmaniensis (from Elson-Harris &amp; Kettle 1986). O. Heteromyia wokei (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1977, modified). P. Pellucidomyia leei (from Elson-Harris &amp; Kettle 1986)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949134/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 20I</figureCitation>
), without ventral line of weakness, without dorsomedial tubercle, without central dome; dorsolateral cephalic sclerite (probably as in 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FD6F1EE74F8CE70F" box="[663,764,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="258.[151,250,1897,1919]" captionTargetBox="[172,1416,193,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-99@258.[172,1416,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="258" captionText="FIGURE 13. Anterior portion of heads and thoraces, in anterior or anterodorsal view. A. Leptoconops kerteszi, ecdysial sutures of head enhanced to show position. B. Culicoides denticulatus. C. Ceratopogon nr. abstrusus. D. Brachypogon sp. (from 6 km E. Falkland, BC, Canada). E. Alluaudomyia bella, dorsal apotome absent. F. Clinohelea curriei. G. Pellucidomyia leei. H. Mallochohelea caudellii. I. Bezzia sp. (from Bolean Lake, BC, Canada)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949104/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 13H</figureCitation>
) probably fused to scutum (inadequate material available), each side separated medially by dorsal apotome in whole pupa; mouthparts (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FBCA1F0349EAE72B" box="[1074,1178,1302,1327]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="270.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[178,1389,211,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-73@270.[177,1396,206,1927]" captionTargetPageId="270" captionText="FIGURE 25. Posterior portion of heads, in ventral view. A. Stilobezzia antennalis. B. Stilobezzia rabelloi (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). C. Schizonyxhelea bulla. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica. F. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). G. Atyphohelea macroneura. H. Parabezzia huberti." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949154/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 25F</figureCitation>
) with mandible welldeveloped, lacinia absent; palpus extending posterior to posterolateral margin of labium; labium separated medially by labrum, hypopharynx; apex of antenna (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FD711F4B4F9CE773" box="[649,748,1374,1399]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="281.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[191,1380,204,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-61@281.[183,1402,204,1925]" captionTargetPageId="281" captionText="FIGURE 36. Legs, wings and apices of the antennae, in ventral view. A. Stilobezzia antennalis. B. Stilobezzia lutea. C. Schizonyxhelea forattinii. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica (reconstructed from distorted specimen). F. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949190/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 36F</figureCitation>
) anterior to posterior extent of midlength portion of midleg (portion lateral to mesosternum), narrowed posteriorly; sensilla: dorsal apotomals (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FB931F9749BCE79F" box="[1131,1228,1410,1435]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="265.[151,250,1825,1847]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,189,1804]" captionTargetId="figure-141@265.[151,1436,177,1819]" captionTargetPageId="265" captionText="FIGURE 20. Dorsal apotomes, anterior view. A. Stilobezzia soror (from Mayer 1934c). B. Stilobezzia lutea (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). C. Stilobezzia antennalis (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). D. Stilobezzia pallidiventris (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). E. Schizonyxhelea forattinii (from Borkent 2000a). F. Schizonyxhelea bulla (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, modified). G. Serromyia sp.. H. Allohelea japonica. I. Monohelea obscura. J. Atyphohelea macroneura (from Borkent 1998). K. Parabezzia alexanderi male (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a, modified). L. Parabezzia alexanderi female (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a, modified). M. Clinohelea dryas (from Elson-Harris &amp; Kettle 1986). N. Clinohelea tasmaniensis (from Elson-Harris &amp; Kettle 1986). O. Heteromyia wokei (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1977, modified). P. Pellucidomyia leei (from Elson-Harris &amp; Kettle 1986)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949134" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949134/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 20I</figureCitation>
)—1 short seta, 1 campaniform sensillum; dorsolateral cephalic sclerite sensilla—1 very short seta, 1 campaniform sensillum; clypeal-labrals (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FEAD1FDF4CB2E7E7" box="[341,450,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="270.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[178,1389,211,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-73@270.[177,1396,206,1927]" captionTargetPageId="270" captionText="FIGURE 25. Posterior portion of heads, in ventral view. A. Stilobezzia antennalis. B. Stilobezzia rabelloi (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). C. Schizonyxhelea bulla. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica. F. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). G. Atyphohelea macroneura. H. Parabezzia huberti." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949154/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 25F</figureCitation>
)—1 slender seta; oculars (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FCEE1FDF4EF3E7E7" box="[790,899,1482,1507]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="270.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[178,1389,211,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-73@270.[177,1396,206,1927]" captionTargetPageId="270" captionText="FIGURE 25. Posterior portion of heads, in ventral view. A. Stilobezzia antennalis. B. Stilobezzia rabelloi (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). C. Schizonyxhelea bulla. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica. F. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). G. Atyphohelea macroneura. H. Parabezzia huberti." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949154/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 25F</figureCitation>
)—1 seta, 2 campaniform sensilla. 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6A3032FAC41FDF48E5E7E7" bold="true" box="[1340,1429,1482,1507]" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Thorax</emphasis>
: Prothoracic extension (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FE511FFB4F62E403" box="[425,530,1518,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 25" captionStartId="270.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[178,1389,211,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-73@270.[177,1396,206,1927]" captionTargetPageId="270" captionText="FIGURE 25. Posterior portion of heads, in ventral view. A. Stilobezzia antennalis. B. Stilobezzia rabelloi (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). C. Schizonyxhelea bulla. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica. F. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). G. Atyphohelea macroneura. H. Parabezzia huberti." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949154" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949154/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 25F</figureCitation>
) wide, well-developed but narrow dorsolaterally, extending from palpus to antenna; mesonotum with short to well-developed moderately sized tubercles, not extending posteromedially, with short protuberance, not dividing metathorax medially (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FCE31C234EF5E44B" box="[795,901,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="294.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[190,1406,216,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-60@294.[181,1412,210,1949]" captionTargetPageId="294" captionText="FIGURE 49. Metathoraces and tergites 1, in dorsal view. A. Austrohelea campbellensis. B. Stilobezzia antennalis. C. Schizonyxhelea forattinii. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica. F. Monohelea obscura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949224/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 49F</figureCitation>
); respiratory organ (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FB801C2349AEE44B" box="[1144,1246,1590,1615]" captionStart="FIGURE 44" captionStartId="289.[151,250,1730,1752]" captionTargetBox="[238,1376,198,1685]" captionTargetId="figure-184@289.[205,1387,192,1716]" captionTargetPageId="289" captionText="FIGURE 44. Respiratory organs, in dorsal view, pattern on tracheal tubes shown only in some. A. Alluaudomyia latipennis (from Debenham 1971). B. Alluaudomyia footei (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). C. Baeodasymyia christopheri (from Borkent &amp; Craig 1999). D. Austrohelea campbellensis. E. Stilobezzia antennalis (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, modified). F. Stilobezzia glauca (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). G. Stilobezzia ochracea (from Kettle &amp; Lawson 1952). H. Stilobezzia diversa (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). I. Stilobezzia rabelloi (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). J. Stilobezzia navaiae (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). K. Stilobezzia lutea (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). L. Schizonyxhelea bulla (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, as a Stilobezzia). M. Schizonyxhelea forattinii (from Borkent 2000a). N. Serromyia femorata (from Kettle &amp; Lawson 1952). O. Allohelea japonica. P.Monohelea hirsuta (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981, modified). Q. Atyphohelea macroneura (from Borkent 1998). R. Parabezzia alexanderi (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a). S. Parabezzia huberti (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a). T. Echinohelea lanei (from Wirth 1994b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949208" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949208/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 44P</figureCitation>
) length/width = 3.71–4.22, moderately elongate, somewhat flattened dorsoventrally, with pores closely abutting at apex of respiratory organ, arranged in single row (but see taxonomic discussion), outer surface smooth, with moderately elongate, wide pedicel, base without posteromedial apodeme, membranous base of respiratory organ short, tracheal tube straight to slightly curved along length, with spirals restricted to basal third, distally smooth or with reticulations; wing (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FE841CFF4CAEE507" box="[380,478,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="281.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[191,1380,204,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-61@281.[183,1402,204,1925]" captionTargetPageId="281" captionText="FIGURE 36. Legs, wings and apices of the antennae, in ventral view. A. Stilobezzia antennalis. B. Stilobezzia lutea. C. Schizonyxhelea forattinii. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica (reconstructed from distorted specimen). F. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949190/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 36F</figureCitation>
) with angle lateral to apex of hind leg, separated medially by fore-, midlegs; halter apex and hind leg (as in 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FE5D1D1B4F7AE523" box="[421,522,1806,1831]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="278.[151,250,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[176,1420,177,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-110@278.[176,1420,177,1860]" captionTargetPageId="278" captionText="FIGURE 33. Cephalothoraces and abdominal segments 1–3, in lateral view. A. Parabezzia sp. (5 km. E. Danby, Vermont, USA). B. Clinohelea curriei. C. Pellucidomyia leei. D. Hebetula tonnoiri. E. Jenkinshelea sp. (from Ottawa, ON, Canada). F. Mallochohelea caudellii. G. Probezzia seminigra. H. Nilobezzia sp. (from Kruger NP, South Africa). I. Sphaeromias longipennis. J. Bezzia sp. (6 km E. Salmon Arm, BC, Canada) K. Palpomyia sp. (Black Lake, Quebec, Canada). L. Phaenobezzia sp. (from Skulsuza, South Africa)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949184" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949184/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 33A</figureCitation>
) broadly abutting; halter apex abutting anterolateral knob-like extension of tergite 2; legs (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FF0B1D274C25E54F" box="[243,341,1842,1867]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="281.[151,250,1950,1972]" captionTargetBox="[191,1380,204,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-61@281.[183,1402,204,1925]" captionTargetPageId="281" captionText="FIGURE 36. Legs, wings and apices of the antennae, in ventral view. A. Stilobezzia antennalis. B. Stilobezzia lutea. C. Schizonyxhelea forattinii. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica (reconstructed from distorted specimen). F. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949190/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 36F</figureCitation>
) with lateral margin of foreleg near midlength of wing evenly curved; hind leg visible at lateral margin of wing (as in 
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FE661D434F76E56B" box="[414,518,1878,1903]" captionStart="FIGURE 32" captionStartId="277.[151,250,1887,1909]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,183,1869]" captionTargetId="figure-104@277.[173,1420,183,1869]" captionTargetPageId="277" captionText="FIGURE 32. Cephalothoraces and abdominal segments 1–3, in lateral view. A. Austroconops mcmillani. B. Leptoconops linleyi. C. Forcipomyia (Phytohelea) sp. (Florida, USA). D. Atrichopogon sp. (from 6.5 km NW Enderby, BC, Canada). E. Dasyhelea sp., in anteroventral view (Herman Lake, 4 km SE Eagle Bay, BC, Canada). F. Dasyhelea oppresa. G. Culicoides denticulatus. H. Ceratopogon nr. abstrusus. I. Brachypogon sp. (from 6 km E. Falkland, BC, Canada). J. Alluaudomyia bella. K. Baeodasymyia michaeli. L. Stilobezzia antennalis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949182" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949182/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 32L</figureCitation>
); with apex of foreleg moderately anterior to apex of midleg; apex of hind leg abutting apex of midleg laterally; sensilla: anteromedials—absent (or perhaps very short among shagreen); anterolaterals—1 seta (shagreen making it difficult to interpret if more); dorsal setae (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6A3032FBAB1D8B49C8E5B3" box="[1107,1208,1950,1975]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="275.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[161,1425,193,1797]" captionTargetId="figure-119@275.[161,1426,193,1813]" captionTargetPageId="275" captionText="FIGURE 30. Dorsal setae from left side of thoraces. A. Serromyia sp. B. Allohelea japonica. C. Monohelea obscura. D. Atyphohelea macroneura. E. Parabezzia huberti. F. Echinohelea lanei. G. Clinohelea curriei. H. Heteromyia clavata. I. Pellucidomyia leei. J. Dibezzia debenhamae (dirty specimen, D-5-T perhaps broken setal socket). K. Hebetula tonnoiri. L. Jenkinshelea magnipennis. M. Macropeza natalensis. N. Mallochohelea caudellii. O. Probezzia sabroskyi. P. Neobezzia fittkaui (from Ronderos et al. 2011, modified). Q. Nilobezzia curticornis. R. Johannsenomyia argentata. S. Lanatomyia miles. T. Anebomyia atripes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949174" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949174/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="69">Fig. 30C</figureCitation>
)—D-1-T, D-2-T, D- 4-T very short setae, D-5-T either very short or a campaniform sensillum (difficult to discern difference), D-3-T campaniform sensillum; D-1-T, D-2-T, D-3-T, D-4-T on single well-developed tubercle; supraalar 2—campaniform sensillum; metathoracics (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6B3033FD511AA94E6AE2D1" box="[681,794,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="294.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[190,1406,216,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-60@294.[181,1412,210,1949]" captionTargetPageId="294" captionText="FIGURE 49. Metathoraces and tergites 1, in dorsal view. A. Austrohelea campbellensis. B. Stilobezzia antennalis. C. Schizonyxhelea forattinii. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica. F. Monohelea obscura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949224/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 49F</figureCitation>
)—1 very small seta, 1 campaniform sensillum; 2 campaniform sensilla; M-3-T near anterior margin of metathorax. 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FC4F1ACA495BE2FC" bold="true" box="[951,1067,223,248]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Abdomen</emphasis>
: without pigmentation pattern, segment 2 as wide or slightly wider than segment 3, segments with undivided, peg-like or thin to thick setae, with rounded, very short to moderately elongate tubercles, tergites or sternites entire, each without membranous disc; segment 9 (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6B3033FED91B594CFCE361" box="[289,396,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 74" captionStartId="319.[151,250,1737,1759]" captionTargetBox="[224,1348,183,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-195@319.[222,1356,183,1717]" captionTargetPageId="319" captionText="FIGURE 74. Abdominal segments 9. A. Baeodasymyia michaeli, female, in dorsal view (modified from Borkent &amp; Craig 1999). B. Austrohelea campbellensis, female, in dorsal and ventral view (reconstructed from distorted specimen, shagreen not shown). C. Stilobezzia lutea, male, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). D. Stilobezzia lutea, female, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). E. Stilobezzia rabelloi, male, in ventral view (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). F. Schizonyxhelea bulla, female, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). G. Schizonyxhelea forattinii, female, in ventral view (from Borkent 2000a). H. Serromyia sp., female (in dorsal and ventral view (reconstructed from distorted specimen, shagreen not shown). I. Allohelea japonica, female, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). J. Monohelea obscura, male, in dorsal and ventral view (reconstructed from distorted specimen, shagreen not shown). K. Atyphohelea macroneura, female, in dorsal view (from Borkent 1998). L. Parabezzia huberti, male, in ventral view (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949316/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 74H</figureCitation>
) not strongly modified, terminal processes closely approximated basally, each projecting posterodorsolaterally, tapering to pointed apex; sensilla: tergite 1 (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6B3033FC7C1B7A4E96E38C" box="[900,998,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="294.[151,250,1970,1992]" captionTargetBox="[190,1406,216,1939]" captionTargetId="figure-60@294.[181,1412,210,1949]" captionTargetPageId="294" captionText="FIGURE 49. Metathoraces and tergites 1, in dorsal view. A. Austrohelea campbellensis. B. Stilobezzia antennalis. C. Schizonyxhelea forattinii. D. Serromyia sp.. E. Allohelea japonica. F. Monohelea obscura." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949224/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 49F</figureCitation>
) with 6 setae, 2 campaniform sensilla, including 4 lateral sensilla, D-2-I, D-3-I closely approximated, D-7-I situated anterolaterally near L-1-I; segment 4 (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6B3033FF671BA24D88E3D4" box="[159,248,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="306.[151,250,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,219,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-59@306.[181,1412,213,1952]" captionTargetPageId="306" captionText="FIGURE 61. Abdominal segments four, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). A. Allohelea japonica (reconstructed from distorted specimen). B. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). C. Monohelea hirsuta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949268/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Figs. 61</figureCitation>
B-C)—D-2-IV peg-like seta, D-3-IV elongate seta, D-2-IV on short or elongate tubercle, D-3-IV on short tubercle; D-5-IV, D-8-IV peg-like setae, D-9-IV short seta, D-4-IV absent or not visible in 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FB641BC84861E3F1" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1981" box="[1180,1297,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FB641BC84861E3F1" box="[1180,1297,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M. hirsuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; on short or large separate tubercles, posterior dorsal sensilla in transverse row, arranged medially to laterally: D-5-IV, D-4-IV, D-8-IV, D-9-IV; D-7-IV near L-1-IV; L-1-IV short seta, on rounded or elongate tubercle with L-3-IV; L-2-IV, L-3- IV, L-4-IV short setae without tubercles (or very short) or well-developed tubercles, V-5-IV, V-6-IV, V-7-IV short setae, on rounded tubercles, V-6-IV, V-7-IV closely approximated; segment 8 without D-3-VIII, without L-1-VIII; segment 9 (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6B3033FEE0189A4C0DE0AC" box="[280,381,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 74" captionStartId="319.[151,250,1737,1759]" captionTargetBox="[224,1348,183,1717]" captionTargetId="figure-195@319.[222,1356,183,1717]" captionTargetPageId="319" captionText="FIGURE 74. Abdominal segments 9. A. Baeodasymyia michaeli, female, in dorsal view (modified from Borkent &amp; Craig 1999). B. Austrohelea campbellensis, female, in dorsal and ventral view (reconstructed from distorted specimen, shagreen not shown). C. Stilobezzia lutea, male, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). D. Stilobezzia lutea, female, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). E. Stilobezzia rabelloi, male, in ventral view (from Borkent &amp; Craig 2001). F. Schizonyxhelea bulla, female, in dorsal and ventral view (from Wirth &amp; Grogan 1981). G. Schizonyxhelea forattinii, female, in ventral view (from Borkent 2000a). H. Serromyia sp., female (in dorsal and ventral view (reconstructed from distorted specimen, shagreen not shown). I. Allohelea japonica, female, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). J. Monohelea obscura, male, in dorsal and ventral view (reconstructed from distorted specimen, shagreen not shown). K. Atyphohelea macroneura, female, in dorsal view (from Borkent 1998). L. Parabezzia huberti, male, in ventral view (from Grogan &amp; Wirth 1977a)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949316" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949316/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 74H</figureCitation>
)—with D-5-IX, D-6-IX campaniform sensilla.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2C66554BD6B3033FF3F18A14C20E111" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD6B3033FF3F18A14C20E111" blockId="69.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FF3F18A14F14E0C9" bold="true" box="[199,612,692,717]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT</emphasis>
: The genus 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FD0318A14E09E0C9" box="[763,889,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FD0318A14E09E0C9" box="[763,889,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from 88 species from every Region worldwide (
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FEE518C24CCDE0F4" authority="Borkent, 2014" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[285,445,727,752]" genus="Borkent" pageId="69" pageNumber="92" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<bibRefCitation id="EE4D4B2EBD6B3033FEE518C24CCDE0F4" author="Borkent" box="[285,445,727,752]" firstAuthor="Borkent" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref177229" refString="Borkent, A. (2014) World Species of Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Available from: http: // www. inhs. illinois. edu / research / FLYTREE / Borkent. html (accessed 20 May 2014)" type="url" year="2014">Borkent 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). Immatures have been reared from 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FCAA18C24EB8E0F4" box="[850,968,727,752]" class="Sphagnopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sphagnales" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FCAA18C24EB8E0F4" box="[850,968,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Sphagnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
moss from lake margins and a swamp, or 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FF6F18E94C7DE111" box="[151,269,764,789]" class="Sphagnopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sphagnales" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FF6F18E94C7DE111" box="[151,269,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Sphagnum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bogs.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2C66554BD6B3030FF3F190A4D9AE01C" lastPageId="70" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD6B3033FF3F190A4E51E1E9" blockId="69.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FF3F190A4F5CE13C" bold="true" box="[199,556,799,824]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION</emphasis>
: There are only two species of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FC69190A497FE13C" box="[913,1039,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FC69190A497FE13C" box="[913,1039,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known as pupae (
<tableCitation id="C75E0364BD6B3033FB24190A482CE13C" box="[1244,1372,799,824]" captionStart-0="TABLE 2" captionStart-1="TABLE 3" captionStartId-0="174.[147,245,486,512]" captionStartId-1="242.[151,239,152,175]" captionTargetBox-0="[150,1771,751,1679]" captionTargetBox-1="[159,1428,341,1978]" captionTargetPageId-0="174" captionTargetPageId-1="242" captionText-0="TABLE 2. References to species of Ceratopogonidae described as eggs, larvae and/or pupae. Species studied as pupae in the current study have their name highlighted in bold font. Stages studied are referred to as 'E' for egg, 'L' for larva and 'P' for pupa. Taxa are arrangement phyletically by subfamily and tribe (some of which are paraphyletic) and within tribes genera are listed alphabetically. Subfamilies are abbreviated as follows: Lept.— Leptoconopinae, Forc.—Forcipomyiinae, Dasy.—Dasyheleinae, Cera.—Ceratopogoninae. References highlighted in bold font are those with SEM photomicrographs. Theses are cited only when their results have not been published. Duplicated figures or repeated descriptions by subsequent authors are not listed here. Fossil taxa are identified with a cross (†). The species name in bold indicates only that named material of the pupa was studied, not that the cited author's specimens were reexamined (although in many instances they were). The larva of Jenkinshelea albaria was tentatively associated by Wirth &amp; Grogan 1979 (not reared); see discussion by Knausenberger, 1987:248." captionText-1="TABLE 3. Number of named extant species with described immatures for genera of Ceratopogonidae (taxa of uncertain identity or identified only as &quot;sp.&quot; are not included). Only genera with at least one immature stage known are listed. Percentages of described species within that genus are those for which those stages are known. Number of named species from Borkent (2014), with a few additions as noted in the Taxonomic Discussion under some genera. Taxa are arranged phyletically by subfamily and tribe and within tribes genera are listed alphabetically." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DEA36657BD8030D8FF6B1BF34923E0EC" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DEA36657BDDC3084FF6F1A8D496DE336" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" tableUuid-0="DEA36657BD8030D8FF6B1BF34923E0EC" tableUuid-1="DEA36657BDDC3084FF6F1A8D496DE336">Tables 2–3</tableCitation>
). The species differ significantly in that 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FDEB19504FF7E159" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1981" box="[531,647,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FDEB19504FF7E159" box="[531,647,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M. hirsuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has well-developed tubercles on the abdomen (
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6B3033FB6419514872E159" box="[1180,1282,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="306.[151,250,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,219,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-59@306.[181,1412,213,1952]" captionTargetPageId="306" captionText="FIGURE 61. Abdominal segments four, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). A. Allohelea japonica (reconstructed from distorted specimen). B. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). C. Monohelea hirsuta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949268/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 61C</figureCitation>
), very similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FEFC19724CA9E17B" box="[260,473,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Allohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FEFC19724CA9E17B" box="[260,473,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Allohelea japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while in 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FDB2197C4FBAE184" box="[586,714,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Schizonyxhelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FDB2197C4FBAE184" box="[586,714,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M. obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
these are very short. The pupal exuviae of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FB4A197C4841E184" box="[1202,1329,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Schizonyxhelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FB4A197C4841E184" box="[1202,1329,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M. obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was on a separate slide without an associated adult. It had been collected by H.A. Jamnback and was slide mounted by W.W. Wirth. Although likely correctly associated (Jamnback certainly had ample experience with rearing 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FF6F19C14C2BE1E9" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,347,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ceratopogonidae</taxonomicName>
), there remains a question of its identity.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD6B3033FF3F19E24F00E65C" blockId="69.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
The fourth abdominal segment of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FD9819EC4FAAE614" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1981" box="[608,730,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FD9819EC4FAAE614" box="[608,730,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M. hirsuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="12E72A5ABD6B3033FD1719E24E29E614" box="[751,857,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 61" captionStartId="306.[151,250,1975,1997]" captionTargetBox="[190,1402,219,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-59@306.[181,1412,213,1952]" captionTargetPageId="306" captionText="FIGURE 61. Abdominal segments four, in dorsal and ventral view (shagreen not shown). A. Allohelea japonica (reconstructed from distorted specimen). B. Monohelea obscura (reconstructed from distorted specimen). C. Monohelea hirsuta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4949268" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4949268/files/figure.png" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Fig. 61C</figureCitation>
) is illustrated without sensillum D-4-IV but this sensillum coeloconica (in other ceratopogonids) is likely present but hidden among the strong shagreen present over much of the abdomen of this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD6B3030FF3F1E714F0BE319" blockId="69.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="70.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="70" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<bibRefCitation id="EE4D4B2EBD6B3033FF3F1E714C2EE679" author="Harris" box="[199,350,1124,1149]" firstAuthor="Harris" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref185252" refString="Harris, M. M. (1981) The immature stages of some Australian non bloodsucking Ceratopogoninae Newman. M. Sc. thesis, University of Queensland, xviii + 344 pp." type="book" year="1981">Harris (1981)</bibRefCitation>
also described the pupae of three species she identified as 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FC0C1E714902E679" box="[1012,1138,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FC0C1E714902E679" box="[1012,1138,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(as sp. n. 1, sp. n. 2, sp. n. 3). Since then 
<bibRefCitation id="EE4D4B2EBD6B3033FEC01E924F31E6A4" author="Wirth &amp; Grogan" box="[312,577,1159,1184]" firstAuthor="Wirth" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" pagination="1 - 160" refId="ref199913" refString="Wirth, W. W. &amp; Grogan, W. L. (1988) The predaceous midges of the world (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae; Tribe Ceratopogonini). Flora and Fauna Handbook 4, xv + 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1988">Wirth &amp; Grogan (1988)</bibRefCitation>
recognized the status of six genera formerly placed in 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FB5E1E924854E6A4" box="[1190,1316,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FB5E1E924854E6A4" box="[1190,1316,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, including four genera known from 
<collectingCountry id="F2CB764FBD6B3033FE4A1EB94F6DE6C1" box="[434,541,1196,1221]" name="Australia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Australia</collectingCountry>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FDD01EB94FD6E6C1" box="[552,678,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FDD01EB94FD6E6C1" box="[552,678,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FD4D1EB94E50E6C1" box="[693,800,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Allohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FD4D1EB94E50E6C1" box="[693,800,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Allohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FCD71EB94EC5E6C1" box="[815,949,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Austrohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FCD71EB94EC5E6C1" box="[815,949,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Austrohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FC0C1EB949FBE6C1" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1988" box="[1012,1163,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FC0C1EB949FBE6C1" box="[1012,1163,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Downeshelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The reared adults were never described but 
<bibRefCitation id="EE4D4B2EBD6B3033FE821EDA4F3BE6EC" author="Harris" box="[378,587,1231,1256]" firstAuthor="Harris" page="114" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref185252" refString="Harris, M. M. (1981) The immature stages of some Australian non bloodsucking Ceratopogoninae Newman. M. Sc. thesis, University of Queensland, xviii + 344 pp." type="book" year="1981">Harris (1981: 114)</bibRefCitation>
noted that &quot; 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FD2C1EC44F9BE6EC" box="[724,747,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 2 (a 'picture wing' species) is definitely different from 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FF6F1EE04DDEE708" box="[151,174,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 1 and 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FEB81EE04C27E708" box="[320,343,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 2 [sic] (plain wing species) at the pupal stage&quot;. Because of this obvious error, it is uncertain which species of these three are actually &quot;picture wing&quot; (i.e. possibly 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FC5F1F024955E734" box="[935,1061,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FC5F1F024955E734" box="[935,1061,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FBCB1F0249BAE734" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1988" box="[1075,1226,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FBCB1F0249BAE734" box="[1075,1226,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Downeshelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FB0F1F024812E734" box="[1271,1378,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Allohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FB0F1F024812E734" box="[1271,1378,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Allohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and which are most likely 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FE611F294F6FE751" box="[409,543,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Austrohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FE611F294F6FE751" box="[409,543,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Austrohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(plain wing) as far as adult features are concerned (one possible exception is 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FF6F1F4A4CBBE77C" authority="(Skuse)" baseAuthorityName="Skuse" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,459,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tigrina">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FF6F1F4A4C19E773" box="[151,361,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea tigrina</emphasis>
(Skuse)
</taxonomicName>
, an Australian species with plain wings). However, named species of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FB131F4A4801E77C" box="[1259,1393,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Austrohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FB131F4A4801E77C" box="[1259,1393,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Austrohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known only from 
<collectingRegion id="4818F83DBD6B3033FE911F914F45E799" box="[361,565,1412,1437]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="4818F83DBD6B3033FD881F914FAEE799" box="[624,734,1412,1437]" country="Australia" name="Tasmania" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Tasmania</collectingRegion>
, while the material of 
<bibRefCitation id="EE4D4B2EBD6B3033FC1F1F9149F1E799" author="Harris" box="[999,1153,1412,1437]" firstAuthor="Harris" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref185252" refString="Harris, M. M. (1981) The immature stages of some Australian non bloodsucking Ceratopogoninae Newman. M. Sc. thesis, University of Queensland, xviii + 344 pp." type="book" year="1981">Harris (1981)</bibRefCitation>
came from 
<collectingRegion id="4818F83DBD6B3033FAE91F9148E9E799" box="[1297,1433,1412,1437]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Queensland</collectingRegion>
. Additionally, her pupal key on pg. 92 identifies the three species but within that key 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FB981FB24877E7BB" box="[1120,1287,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FB981FB249AEE7C4" box="[1120,1246,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A39B57B6BD6B3033FB1F1FBD4877E7BB" box="[1255,1287,1448,1471]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
n. 2 actually refers to 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FF031FD84C62E7E0" box="[251,274,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 
<quantity id="4D249B3ABD6B3033FE9B1FD94CFEE7E1" box="[355,398,1484,1509]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
the text and figures and her keyed 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FCE01FD94ECEE7E7" box="[792,958,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FCE01FD94EE6E7E1" box="[792,918,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A39B57B6BD6B3033FC651FD94ECEE7E7" box="[925,958,1484,1507]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
n. 1 actually refers to the texts and figures of 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FF441FE44DA3E40C" box="[188,211,1521,1544]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 2. In the current study, material from elsewhere was available for all these genera other than 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FF6F1C014C5EE429" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,302,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Downeshelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FF6F1C014C5EE429" box="[151,302,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Downeshelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Based on pupal features described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EE4D4B2EBD6B3033FD061C014EECE429" author="Harris" box="[766,924,1556,1581]" firstAuthor="Harris" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" refId="ref185252" refString="Harris, M. M. (1981) The immature stages of some Australian non bloodsucking Ceratopogoninae Newman. M. Sc. thesis, University of Queensland, xviii + 344 pp." type="book" year="1981">Harris (1981)</bibRefCitation>
, all three would be members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FAE61C0148ECE429" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[1310,1436,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FAE61C0148ECE429" box="[1310,1436,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the presence of L-1-IV directly dorsal to L-3-IV, a feature unique to this genus within this group of genera (but based on only two species) in its exact relative placement of these two sensilla (see character 65). In addition all three have a peg-like D-5-T on the mesothorax, a feature here recognized here as a synapomorphy of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FF6F1CB14C53E4B9" box="[151,291,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Atyphohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FF6F1CB14C53E4B9" box="[151,291,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Atyphohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but not scorable with the material I examined of the closely related 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FBD11CB149D7E4B9" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[1065,1191,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FBD11CB149D7E4B9" box="[1065,1191,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because the presence of D-5-T was uncertain in the two species (and 
<specimenCount id="9CDAFD56BD6B3033FD4E1CDD4E2FE4E4" box="[694,863,1735,1760]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
) available because of the small size of the sensilla amongst heavy shagreen, as well as poor perspective. However, 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FC681CF9497EE501" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[912,1038,1772,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FC681CF9497EE501" box="[912,1038,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related genera in the present scheme do not have a full complement of posterior dorsal sensilla illustrated as present in 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FB7C1D0449EBE52C" box="[1156,1179,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 1 (D-4-IV, D-5- IV, D-7-IV, D-8-IV, D-9-IV) and the two species I examined have most sensilla on segment 4 as short pegs (in 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FA851D2048E4E548" box="[1405,1428,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 1 only V-5-IV was apparently peg-like), making the generic identification of 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FBBE1D4C492DE574" box="[1094,1117,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 1 uncertain. Both 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FA851D4C48E4E574" box="[1405,1428,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 2 and 
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FEDA1D684C49E590" box="[290,313,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">M</emphasis>
. sp. n. 3 would fit the diagnosis of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD6B3033FD361D694E3CE591" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[718,844,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD6B3033FD361D694E3CE591" box="[718,844,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as presented here. However, all three species had at least one extra, separate subapical pore on the respiratory organ that is not present in the two species I examined. Further to this, if two of these three species did have clear wings (but were correctly identified at the time in the broadly encompassing concept of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FDDA1A824FD0E2B4" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[546,672,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FDDA1A824FD0E2B4" box="[546,672,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), they could only belong to 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FC171A824905E2B4" box="[1007,1141,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Austrohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FC171A824905E2B4" box="[1007,1141,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Austrohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus here considered more distantly related to 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FE4A1AA94F40E2D1" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[434,560,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FE4A1AA94F40E2D1" box="[434,560,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and without L-1-IV directly dorsal to L-3-IV for the one species I examined. Unfortunately, the location of the material described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EE4D4B2EBD683030FCE61ACA4EC7E2FC" author="Harris" box="[798,951,223,248]" firstAuthor="Harris" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" refId="ref185252" refString="Harris, M. M. (1981) The immature stages of some Australian non bloodsucking Ceratopogoninae Newman. M. Sc. thesis, University of Queensland, xviii + 344 pp." type="book" year="1981">Harris (1981)</bibRefCitation>
is uncertain and could not be reexamined (Marlene Elson-Harris, pers. comm. 1993).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD683030FF3F1B324F1EE38C" blockId="70.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
The respiratory organ of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FE271B3C4F24E344" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1981" box="[479,596,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FE271B3C4F24E344" box="[479,596,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">M. hirsuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was drawn by 
<bibRefCitation id="EE4D4B2EBD683030FD071B32497AE344" author="Wirth &amp; Grogan" box="[767,1034,295,320]" firstAuthor="Wirth" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" pagination="201 - 206" refId="ref184806" refString="Grogan, W. L. &amp; Wirth, W. W. (1981) A new genus of predaceous midges of the tribe Sphaeromiini from Thailand (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Pacific Insects, 23, 201 - 206." type="journal article" year="1981">Wirth &amp; Grogan (1981)</bibRefCitation>
with an apparent longitudinal ridge or thickening but examination of the original material indicated that this was actually a flattened, possibly partially collapsed portion of the respiratory organ.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD683030FF3F1B814D9AE01C" blockId="70.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
The pupae of 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FE981B814F44E3A9" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1981" box="[352,564,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FE981B814F44E3A9" box="[352,564,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Monohelea hirsuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FDB91B814FDCE3A9" box="[577,684,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Allohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FDB91B814FDCE3A9" box="[577,684,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Allohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, some 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FD041B814E0AE3A9" box="[764,890,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Parabezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FD041B814E0AE3A9" box="[764,890,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Parabezzia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FC571B81494BE3A9" box="[943,1083,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Atyphohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FC571B81494BE3A9" box="[943,1083,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Atyphohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to one another, with pronounced tubercles on the thorax and abdomen. However, 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FCA81BA24EBEE3D4" authorityName="Borkent" authorityYear="2014" box="[848,974,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FCA81BA24EBEE3D4" box="[848,974,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Monohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have L-3-IV ventral to L-1-IV, while in 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FF6F1BC94C73E3F1" box="[151,259,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Allohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FF6F1BC94C73E3F1" box="[151,259,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Allohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FEC21BC94CB6E3F1" box="[314,454,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Atyphohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FEC21BC94CB6E3F1" box="[314,454,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Atyphohelea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L-1-IV is further anterior than any of the other lateral sensilla. 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FB6D1BC94863E3F1" box="[1173,1299,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Parabezzia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FB6D1BC94863E3F1" box="[1173,1299,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Parabezzia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are missing L-1-IV.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2C66554BD683030FF3F18314F68E081" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8A6336DFBD683030FF3F18314F68E081" blockId="70.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FF3F18314F76E039" bold="true" box="[199,518,548,573]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">MATERIAL EXAMINED</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FDE218304FE3E039" authorityName="Wirth &amp; Grogan" authorityYear="1981" box="[538,659,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Monohelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsuta">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FDE218304FE3E039" box="[538,659,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">M. hirsuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 1 pupal exuviae (of 
<typeStatus id="5567887DBD683030FC6418314972E039" box="[924,1026,548,573]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), Patuxent Wildlife Refuge, Prince George County, 
<collectingRegion id="4818F83DBD683030FEA918524CB0E064" box="[337,448,583,608]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">Maryland</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F2CB764FBD683030FE3518524F78E064" box="[461,520,583,608]" name="United States of America" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">USA</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FE62101FBD683030FDED18524FEDE064" box="[533,669,583,608]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" value="1977-08-02">2-VIII-1977</date>
(USNM). 
<taxonomicName id="4DDC4D5CBD683030FCE1185C4EE9E064" box="[793,921,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Schizonyxhelea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
<emphasis id="B8A8EACDBD683030FCE1185C4EE9E064" box="[793,921,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">M. obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 1 pupal exuviae, Blue Mountain Lake, 
<collectingRegion id="4818F83DBD683030FA9F185D4DA1E081" country="United States of America" name="New York" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">New York</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F2CB764FBD683030FF2418794C67E081" box="[220,279,620,645]" name="United States of America" pageId="70" pageNumber="71">USA</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="FE62101FBD683030FEDA18794CD6E081" box="[290,422,620,645]" pageId="70" pageNumber="71" value="1958-06-10">10-VI-1958</date>
(NYSM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>