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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="5998" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3ab2700-b888-4721-b7c1-fcb2d0bb38b2" ID-PMC="PMC8233300" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1045-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CDADD9D94DEB5471834AF0F1AB8B48AA" ID-PubMed="34228772" ID-ZooBank="2C3076FD13FB4842A7F6B0EBE9B23795" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1045-1" checkinTime="1624048151249" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Giron, Jennifer C. &amp; Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2021" docId="A58E2BA21C04E7D1257E011A2B9DBB0C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1045: 1-236" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1045" docPubDate="2021-06-18" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810" docTitle="Katasophistes Giron &amp; Short 2018" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="CDADD9D94DEB5471834AF0F1AB8B48AA" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="CDADD9D94DEB5471834AF0F1AB8B48AA" masterDocTitle="The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species" masterLastPageNumber="236" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732682494875" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="EB7EF84F0D9FB56867F26EED4B6E3E51" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A94D3D433F4F77677C6B5B3A9F3B77B6">
<mods:title id="9CC4323C27112B216030F9D3C9AE8990">The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="929D63F9FC70DB321370095FC6ABB8C5">Giron, Jennifer C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="880DF7EFAEF5B866158433E35ADD96F9" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0851-6883</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EB4FD253C9D809124A34701B0D07DAE5">Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA &amp; Natural Science Research Laboratory, Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2C55BE8EB2809C1F653ED84AE3E4CEB1" type="email">entiminae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4355D775A1EEB0E781B3CA5F02111E13">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="74F96E681EBE30B1F2D0FF5D204BC476">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Entomology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="7FC73D443F64950DAC507357D308B2E4">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="89231C3C8957F8A5A78A4434215B6ED4">2021-06-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6BAE13946EE46819703CAF3AC8086255">1045</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4CDCB48480A1C16B3741782818427D73">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="26E0506AB44A5D328DAF0CC337230753" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B49FDAD7E057CBDEF91F685CAAF775F4" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1045-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A58E2BA21C04E7D1257E011A2B9DBB0C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182959268" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A58E2BA21C04E7D1257E011A2B9DBB0C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A58E2BA21C04E7D1257E011A2B9DBB0C" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Hydrophilidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Acidocerinae">
<subSubSection id="B41A56D4FC0F3D774FB03C4A96CBFD7D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5D17C9297FFE90B06C18E8AA18C408AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="881C191801B809522A848492F00331DD" ID-CoL="8XM4V" authority="Giron &amp; Short, 2018" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
Katasophistes
<normalizedToken id="754B87B11F0B194235BDA20C5489AF3A" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
&amp; Short, 2018
</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="BCF757175809975E5EAE9A0709025557" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Acidocerinae simplified from Short et al. (2021), indicating the distribution, preferred habitat, and currently described number of species for each genus. For habitat, filled black circles indicate that at least some species of the genus are commonly found in this habitat; light grey circles indicate the genus has been found in this habitat, but is rare or not typical for the group; white circles indicate no species have been recorded for the genus in this habitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557401" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="1A421BD810FD2C134678FE203989C20A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="2ED436D377B21A39EEC3D3C062F4396E" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 39</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="C51BA252690CC257F20DB6DE0E87AABF" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 40A-D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8E3184D010B205E2B8A737194FB0F773" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="0228E6FB171CA37A4658ACDA7D0A388E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C115636AFA8C96AC4DEC376A32AB1CD7" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Katasophistes</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="51F3A8CF77112047DC0578082F70AADF" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
&amp; Short, 2018: 132.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="39DF70BD77FDAAF97B9A7E6365C4E9AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="gender">
<paragraph id="6F7D4A87BC0A12DA0C8281A4CF454015" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gender.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D66B228110913A8C7F68332909CEA602" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Masculine.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCAA89D524D486DD41CF9D940F05353A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
<paragraph id="0BD71BC341828DD72FCE848B5EA84272" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09A0BAD2FF6F391F571A00AF4AC614B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="93F065D982E17CF029B51D148BBADA9C" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes merida" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merida">
<emphasis id="CFED996C5ED41A33980463428BD978E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes merida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="6243D11BD22AEA44567444B1A0D93EC2" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
&amp; Short, 2018: 136; by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE9169E38159A82FDF8FAB71E2C5B7D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="140F57E8B36361F38CB1A8B1E8C416D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FC24C36A274DC928355318D0A683049" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Medium to small beetles, body length 2.7-4.5 mm. Body shape oval to elongated in dorsal view; moderately and evenly convex in lateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="44FD79E8AACC8732D9E91A3739D13AED" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39</figureCitation>
). Color orange brown to dark brown, rather uniform along body regions (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BF319AD80BE4BAB05AFC9361BAFDB5A6" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39</figureCitation>
). Shape of head trapezoid. Eyes relatively small, subquadrate, at most only slightly emarginated anteriorly, moderately projected from outline of head. Clypeus trapezoid, with anterior margin broadly emarginate. Labrum fully exposed. Mentum with strong median anterior depression sometimes limited by low transverse carina; surface of mentum with lateral oblique ridges (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A9B776CF3E5ED36F7973CE0E8D932591" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
). Antennae with nine antennomeres; cupule slightly asymmetric, with rounded outline. Maxillary palps moderately long, 0.7
<normalizedToken id="8BD9521BAEF64C8206AFF61D8A6B2D67" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
to nearly as long as width of head; inner margin of maxillary palpomere 2 slightly curved near apex, outer margin curved, sometimes strongly, along apical half (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A6A77CFFE3E32B683B555620FB5260CB" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
). Each elytron with five rows of deep/large systematic punctures; elytra without sutural striae, with outer margins slightly flared; serial punctures absent (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A2675C0FCF5369761ED83BA81C88FF9A" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39A, D</figureCitation>
). Prosternum slightly convex to tectiform. Posterior elevation of mesoventrite, with a well-defined, curved transverse ridge; anapleural sutures forming an obtuse angle, separated at anterior margin by distance 0.2-0.3
<normalizedToken id="97A0C232A8F8C38E753ABD4AF65A920C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
the width of anterior margin of mesepisternum. Metaventrite densely pubescent, except for large median rhomboid glabrous patch (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8F8AF6575BD28DF20F85682D204974BC" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
). Protibiae with spines of anterior row hair-like, semi erect, relatively long and thick. All tarsomeres bearing long apical hair-like setae on dorsal face, and hair-like spines on ventral face of tarsomeres 2-4. Posterior femora glabrous at most along apical third (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ED24692DC98C40169BA22A606A5EDCE8" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Habitus of Katasophistes spp. A-C K. merida: A dorsal habitus B lateral habitus C ventral habitus D-F K. superficialis: D dorsal habitus E lateral habitus F ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">39C, F</figureCitation>
). Fifth abdominal ventrite apically truncate to slightly emarginate, with fringe of stout setae. Aedeagus trilobed (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E7C11F529F3222CFBC3A17F7250DCCCA" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aedeagi of Katasophistes and Nanosaphes spp. A K. charynae B K. cuzco C K. merida D K. superficialis E N. tricolor F N. hesperus G N. castaneus H N. punctatus. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (A-C); 0.1 mm (E-H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40A-D</figureCitation>
), nearly parallel sided, with basal piece between 0.5 and 1.1
<normalizedToken id="8ADCF91D949D9C020206806E942E7590" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
length of parameres; median lobe wider than each paramere, gradually narrowing apically, with
<taxonomicName id="EB860FE21F9562E4AC69E2B8B9454402" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peltochares conspicuous" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conspicuous">Peltochares conspicuous</taxonomicName>
median longitudinal sclerotization, and well-developed lateral basal apodemes; apex of median lobe acute; parameres nearly as long as median lobe, with apical setae; gonopore preapically situated.
</paragraph>
<caption id="08B48F0394E63102D17D7A837BD7A4DB" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557438" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 39" startId="F39">
<paragraph id="FA36F0C315B48D07893789033FEAD383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="E7DF8AA653175F50DC0013B5F2DE42CB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 39.</emphasis>
Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="F5F9A47EB9415B479EFBBA302C5ACA31" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6A91BF917F3C0894CF0295EFF6C921B2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
<emphasis id="6ADFD9A67370BFD279F953076723715A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="28468AA24983CDA0AE533E61535D7890" lsidName="K. merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="merida">
<emphasis id="9A1DDDEC024640AF16C77FFC53759D4E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. merida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="880BD599C1B6C2D17AE44712DB99C564" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
dorsal habitus
<emphasis id="3127EC98024AD7ED4FCCB26B27F6A26E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
lateral habitus
<emphasis id="13CE9F00C186BBE45DDDC5C37FB56C54" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
ventral habitus
<emphasis id="357960BD15CFD69585D00B0261658360" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D-F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="09F59E705ADF43BBB054CA0C499C1E2F" lsidName="K. superficialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="superficialis">
<emphasis id="02376DE611C9BF85F392FA28183528D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. superficialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis id="B296B19505D8FB82834D8923E73C677D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
dorsal habitus
<emphasis id="74DC4537D6550F3236DD61E9C7ACF85D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
lateral habitus
<emphasis id="F972491504BFA749A3A5D8A27186237E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
ventral habitus. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="317600F1816E404FEB359E914BC6C39C" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557439" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 40" startId="F40">
<paragraph id="1D601D25253C690912A9D6AC489DBED3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="555AD25864D988FEA2FE168305DD242D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 40.</emphasis>
Aedeagi of
<taxonomicName id="F1CD9BFA4F9E64314F2B13B05C931C17" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="83826A1DCFD55EE440BE34D767216D52" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="228B32700207A6FA9F4879A3D5E8BFD8" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Nanosaphes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanosaphes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="71C1B3EDD60AA93E2498E038C1AD390C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nanosaphes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.
<emphasis id="904A6F332BB09196AA9809A1039BEB6A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1CB0F036D2943F5BAD3DE2976634B108" lsidName="K. charynae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="charynae">
<emphasis id="1DBE3A20DC422768EC713434B8D8BD27" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. charynae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4DD5B18220F1CD37B5E02A7370CA7CF6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9E5C3B37445D1600FD76CC770C3040E9" lsidName="K. cuzco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cuzco">
<emphasis id="ED3733DD168B535CA37583568E15B811" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. cuzco</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="8F48F0B67E59DD04FA8497D0D5FB5922" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A397EE0AFDF4398FF050495BE39EA687" lsidName="K. merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="merida">
<emphasis id="D38C43C6BB4C1286DFB6BE0F6AC782EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. merida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FED3ACE025751AFBE58EBFF6256B3E9D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="06467BE304E218F91170FE13FEFDD807" lsidName="K. superficialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="superficialis">
<emphasis id="745EB4E07E42494A595AED739E84725C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. superficialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2F69AF32CFF72D71EEB0774E36DD0276" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CA984344B4C36AED893AE05694CF48D8" lsidName="N. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">
<emphasis id="07B2A013AE5D59F14E8E6E5C0663D115" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. tricolor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="215016A8CCBCC9293B3D11FE676FA874" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BEC1448293F26880787BA324120E39E4" lsidName="N. hesperus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hesperus">
<emphasis id="B0BF2C8AD6C19BF50737511FBD7D5467" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. hesperus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7D1FCDBB3A5C3DD44DFED3CEEEAB9C7A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9D1AE96D2E2E8A7A87070ED3EEAFB240" lsidName="N. castaneus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="castaneus">
<emphasis id="9D087B8F605EFF2D8266CEADD5E47104" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. castaneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="40D3A5BCB54858E75F19EA26D7A934EB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="86A46335C9E111AB8315C90779684CCB" lsidName="N. punctatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="C093BCBE058F410956140B03582CF616" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N. punctatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scale bars: 0.3 mm (
<emphasis id="28CD659F4800BDDC29840908A93A2D50" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="1A64E08B8959D53503DAAA312BC48441" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E-H</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4A6D04D334FC85DF314DC5FE7C52DE92" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="00B5FFA015AB849D90950872FFC49B00" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="452CDEA953DAA0A5BEAF961C1088B8A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
At first glance
<taxonomicName id="2A8EE084AC4B265067A1126056B2ED3E" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="54D7B3552BF12E5355B8B1474C7797D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may appear similar to some species of
<taxonomicName id="E95B81CAB401B5FD51C9D585BECBF0C3" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E409926D9FA19C32EFF1CF4A2DA3C221" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however the lack of sutural striae easily separates the two. The enlargement of the rows of elytral systematic punctures is also rare within the
<taxonomicName id="A9709DD4C9161E8E6F8B9282376F4821" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
(found in some
<taxonomicName id="AF3F13DB21370430437B5D24A675CBC0" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chasmogenus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="144250C33CCC9066AD48FEAC95124F1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="83514F126BD158E7A838EBFD05164A30" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Agraphydrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9E01E7D6DB54FB6EFE770AA8F8028D88" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and will separate it from New World
<taxonomicName id="40F42D5916C47650A4E9799F7681CA0A" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6F12C12555968412C9C2B34DC68BB62C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Helochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it may also be confused.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="91A3DD7941026A5279ED22582967487E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8DA655D7066873B2B71FE32D076289F7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15997888BE5210B40D9070B490AA037F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="EE459DF2A49C27CB9919526F5C83869F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Neotropical</emphasis>
: Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela; Fig.
<figureCitation id="AB2C405F405F93AC5ED37D3483E12DAB" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Known distribution of genera of Acidocerinae: Crucisternum, Ephydrolithus, Globulosis, Helobata, Helochares, Helopeltarium, Katasophistes, and Nanosaphes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/557404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">5</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1EF10ACBDD88BA2BAC6E0B881E0F0E1B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="natural history">
<paragraph id="B3F98C4B666AB7F9E28C46FF4255272A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natural history.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67862A30966E59D8869CE455C6DA65FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
One species (
<taxonomicName id="23BB4F52F11C955BEC9117F968F3EA69" lsidName="K. merida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="merida">
<emphasis id="67CA5434CF1BC735E2BA11350923B7E3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K. merida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is known from seepages in the Venezuelan Andes. The other described species are known from forested stream pools with abundant detritus in Ecuador and Peru.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="27F27C17393B084842292DF3167CEE99" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larvae">
<paragraph id="6FE927A889D72AC77868D0E2A646794B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larvae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F0E6C43515F240DF34E00442680D62F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immature stages are not known for the genus.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06557DD0396B2F70CE86E870A6D7DE31" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomic history">
<paragraph id="A3E2754205D9D3B92D673C2B847033AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomic history.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="047C4BD721CEB2FBC6F4CDE0CE0FFFD0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="ECAAE036A0B084353137DDC1A9431867" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F91D0F7745796D739E7EFD4210D04A4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was only recently described.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9299BB863442A1FF36782D4BCD0FB2B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="97E946B844DCB720DAC36DFE87EA05C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACCC8481741E8168B02B47E1E680765C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
There are four known species of
<taxonomicName id="A78546DD5E7B4CB8B69B90A8A0B9086F" authorityName="Giron &amp; Short" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Katasophistes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Katasophistes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7C79877D58BBC8610D78701C9581E43C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Katasophistes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, all of them from Andean or Andean-adjacent localities.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6A6559F7929E40762859752F88227538" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="species examined">
<paragraph id="004875ED35B1F21D908E5A1F22FD3C9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Species examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="01AB8C5851958B582B8DDE2D541ED834" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotypes and paratypes of all known species were available for this study.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F5C0CB88677F2A6D52494EB4244B3F79" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="selected references">
<paragraph id="5C2071035E33562FEA2F8B5440383743" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected references.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14B7BE9C76AAD295A6B8CBA3D83689B9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation id="8E9AEBA41552D8C50A2447335DE5C607" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" author="Giron, JC" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="113 - 158" refId="B131" refString="Giron, JC, Short, AEZ, 2018. Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae). ZooKeys 768: 113 - 158, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" title="Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.768.24423" volume="768" year="2018">
<normalizedToken id="7F032CAAC478130126560101AC620E9D" originalValue="Girón">Giron</normalizedToken>
and Short 2018
</bibRefCitation>
: original description of the genus and all its known species;
<bibRefCitation id="58CCDE0A07D2D3172E7A2F7832E804EF" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" author="Short, AEZ" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="380 - 395" refId="B274" refString="Short, AEZ, Giron, JC, Toussaint, EFA, 2021. Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380 - 395, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" title="Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12467" volume="46" year="2021">Short et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
: phylogenetic placement.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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