219 lines
17 KiB
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219 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ea34267-96fa-4df6-a700-49c1b357afba" ID-PMC="PMC6277488" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-112-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" ID-PubMed="30524186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911101" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-112-1" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" checkinTime="1555330596787" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pirie, Michael D., Chatrou, Lars W. & Maas, Paul J. M." docDate="2018" docId="21B810CAA8913BBD22C4F1C86019BC4E" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 112: 1-141" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 112" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897" docTitle="Cremastosperma macrocarpum Maas 1986" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139101010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pirie, Michael D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>112</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>141</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-112-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1911101</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156201264" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:21B810CAA8913BBD22C4F1C86019BC4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/21B810CAA8913BBD22C4F1C86019BC4E" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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17.
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<taxonomicName LSID="21B810CA-A891-3BBD-22C4-F1C86019BC4E" authority="Maas" authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma macrocarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpum">Cremastosperma macrocarpum Maas</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Fruits and seeds of Cremastosperma. Adapted from plate 8 from van Setten & Koek-Noorman (1992). a Cremastosperma megalophyllum R. E. Fr. b, e C. cauliflorum R. E. Fr. c C. microcarpum R. E. Fr. d C. macrocarpum Maas f C. monospermum (Rusby) R. E. Fr. (a Brandbyge & Asanza C. 30017 b, e Prance et al. 24094 c Gentry et al. 32153 d Wingfield & van der Werff 6751 f Sperling et al. 6198)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245285" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 2d</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 26. Cremastosperma macrocarpum Maas. a fruiting specimen b flower (a, b van der Werff & Vera, Flora Falcon 937)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245322" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 26</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Map 9" captionStartId="F50" captionText="Map 9. Distribution of C. macrocarpum Maas; and C. venezuelanum Pirie." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.map9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245360" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, Map 9</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma macrocarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpum">Cremastosperma macrocarpum</taxonomicName>
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Maas, Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. Ser. C 89: 253, f. 2, 3b. 1986.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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VENEZUELA,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Falcón">Falcon</normalizedToken>
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: Sierra de San Luis, above Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
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, 1300 m, 26 Jul 1979,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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van der Werff, H.H. & Vera, B., Flora
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Falcón">Falcon</normalizedToken>
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937
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</emphasis>
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(holotype: U! [U0000246]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tree</emphasis>
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5-10 m tall; young twigs and petioles glabrous.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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: petioles 3-10 by 1-3 mm; lamina narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 10-30 by 4-9(12) cm (index 2.3-3.7), chartaceous, green, brownish-green or brown on both sides, darker above, glabrous on both sides, base obtuse to rounded, apex acuminate (acumen 5-10 mm long), primary vein grooved in basal half, 1-2 mm wide at widest point, verrucose, secondary veins 6-12, intersecondary veins 1-2, distance between from 7-15 mm at the base to 7-23 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein from 60-80° at the base to 45-60° closer to the apex, not branching, forming mostly distinct loops, smallest distance between loops and margin 1-5 mm, tertiary veins mostly percurrent.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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of single flowers, on leafy twigs; peduncles ca. 1 by 0.5-1 mm (in flower), 1-2 by 1-2 mm (in fruit), sparsely covered in appressed golden hairs to 0.1 mm long or glabrous; pedicels 35-45 by 0.5-1 mm at the base up to 2.5 mm at the apex (in flower), 40-65 by 1-1.5 mm at the base up to 5 mm at the apex (in fruit), glabrous; single lower bract, depressed ovate, ca. 0.5 by 1 mm, rounded, soon falling off, rather densely covered with appressed golden hairs to 0.1 mm long; upper bract at or near base of pedicel, ovate, ca. 1.5 by 0.8 mm, obtuse, glabrous; closed flower buds not seen; flowers pale greenish-yellow with green base or cream-coloured
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
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, black
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
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, sepals and petals glabrous; sepals free, broadly to depressed ovate, recurved, 1.5-2 by 1.5-2 mm, obtuse, soon falling off; outer petals ovate, 11-14 by 8-9 mm, obtuse, inner petals obovate, 15-16 by ca. 7 mm, obtuse; androecium ca. 6.5 mm diam., gynoecium not seen.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Monocarps</emphasis>
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7-18, ellipsoid, slightly asymmetrical, 18-24 by 12-14 mm, very small strongly excentric apicule, green maturing to yellowish-brown, brown or purple-black
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in vivo</emphasis>
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, reddish-brown or dark brown
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">in sicco</emphasis>
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; stipes 7-14 by ca. 2 mm; fruiting receptacle 5-8 mm diam.; monocarps, stipes and receptacle glabrous.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Seeds</emphasis>
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ellipsoid, orange-brown, shallowly pitted, ca. 20 by 8 mm, raphe sunken, regular.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Venezuela (Carabobo,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Falcón">Falcon</normalizedToken>
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, Yaracuy).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Primary or secondary evergreen cloud forest. At elevations of 700-1500 m. Flowering: July; fruiting: March, May-July, October and December.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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One of only two species of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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found in Venezuela,
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. macrocarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="macrocarpum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. macrocarpum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can most easily be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. venezuelanum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="venezuelanum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. venezuelanum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by its smaller leaves (10-30 cm as opposed to 30-53 cm long) and longer pedicels (40-65 mm as opposed to 16-22 mm in fruit).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma macrocarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma macrocarpum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is known from seven collections representing five localities outside of protected areas, the most recent having been collected in 1991. Endangered [EN] (Table
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Summary of IUCN preliminary conservation status per species including calculations using ConR (Dauby et al. 2017). The total number of collections is shown, including the number georeferenced (thus included in the calculations using ConR). " Unique occurrences " represent those with differing coordinates, whereby for poorly collected species, numbers of collections that could not be precisely georeferenced but nevertheless represent additional occurrences are indicated; " locations " refers to the IUCN definition as " a geographically or ecologically distinct area in which a single threat can rapidly affect all individuals of the taxon present "; and " subpopulations " are " geographically or otherwise distinct groups in the population between which there is little demographic or genetic exchange (IUCN 2012). EOO = extent of occurrence, whereby the criteria contributing to endangered status are CR <100 km 2, EN <5,000 km 2 and VU <20,000 km 2; AOO = area of occupancy, whereby the criteria are CR <10 km 2, EN <500 km 2 and VU <2,000 km 2. We estimated EOO and AOO using ConR, also indicating for (potentially) threatened species where the values would be higher taking non-georeferenced specimens into account. Known occurrences (or not) in protected areas (national parks or reserves with protected status according to the IUCN; https: // protectedplanet. net / accessed 04.09.2018) are documented and an overall threat category with IUCN code is presented which takes into account each of these factors (as discussed individually in each species treatment)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="45F44CBB3BA4F892B1D1B4BC42D3B1F1">1</tableCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Selected specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">VENEZUELA. Carabobo</emphasis>
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:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
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valley,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.283334">10°17'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-68.166664">68°10'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 700-1100 m a.s.l., 3 May 1991,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">W. Diaz</emphasis>
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&
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Niño">Nino</normalizedToken>
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274
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</emphasis>
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(NY, U).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Falcón">Falcon</normalizedToken>
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</emphasis>
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: Cerro Galicia, 1500 m a.s.l., 10 Jun 1978,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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T.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ruíz">Ruiz</normalizedToken>
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Z. et al. 3499
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</emphasis>
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(U).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Yaracuy</emphasis>
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:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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Carabobo,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.433333">10°26'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-68.816666">68°49'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 800-1200 m a.s.l., 31 Mar 1980,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Liesner</emphasis>
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&
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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A.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="González">Gonzalez</normalizedToken>
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9763
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</emphasis>
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(MO, U); San Felipe,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.25">10°15'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="68" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-68.48333">68°29'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 1200 m a.s.l., 7 Dec 1980,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Steyermark 123804</emphasis>
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(U).
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1911255" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/245322" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 26" startId="F31">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 26.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas" authorityYear="1986" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Cremastosperma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cremastosperma macrocarpum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrocarpum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cremastosperma macrocarpum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Maas.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a</emphasis>
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fruiting specimen
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">b</emphasis>
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flower (
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">a, b</emphasis>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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van der Werff & Vera, Flora
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Falcón">Falcon</normalizedToken>
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937
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</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |